非英语专业研究生第二学期试卷

南昌大学2013~ 2014 学年第二学期非英语专业研究生

英语期末考试试卷

（非艺术类）

Part One:Translation ( 60 points)

1. Put the following paragraphs into Chinese: (30 points)

(1) So soon as the individual has something to give, there will be those who have something to give to him, and he elevates himself above this relentless law with its inexorable punishments for the unfit. At that point, when individuals begin to give each to the other, then their mutual cooperation and interdependence build human society, and participation in that society changes the whole character of the human struggle.

只要个人能够有所奉献，肯定会得到他人的馈赠。他使自己摆脱了残酷的法则，逃离了对落选者的无情惩罚。由此看来，如果人类能够互帮互助，在共同合作和相互依赖的基础上，就能够建立起人类社会。社会参与改变了人类生存斗争的整体特点。

(2) We are in an era of tremendous anxiety. Widespread economic trepidation. Protests in the streets over class inequality. Racial tensions bubbling hot. If we don’t feel comfortable in the present and we’re nervous about the future then we must take refuge in a romanticized past, finding solace in its relative innocence. The past can function as comfort food. It’s reassuring to curl up inside comparatively halcyon periods when, not coincidentally, we were dealing with war and economic challenges and racial division and, crucially, we came through it. These cultural products are like mom’s chicken soup taking you back to when you were small and so were your problems and making you feel, for a moment, like everything’s going to be alright. Even as you know it is not. 我们身处在一个充斥着巨大的焦虑感的时代：人群中弥漫着对于经济形势的忧虑；大街上满是对于阶级不平等的抗议；种族紧张局势不断酝酿。如果我们身处当下感觉不快，遥望未来又神经紧张，就只好去充满浪漫主义色彩的过去寻找“避风港”，在过去那更为天真的气氛里寻找慰藉。过去就像是“心灵美食”。蜷缩在相对平静的时代能让我们更加安心，但那个时代，我们同样应对着战争、经济挑战和种族隔离，但重要的是，我们都安然度过了。这些文化产品就像是妈妈烹调的鸡汤，让你回忆起小时候，那时所有的问题也显得不那么严重，那一时刻，你觉得一切都很好，即使你明白事实并非如此。

(3) The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even in one term, but America-I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you- we as a people will get there. There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as president, and we know that government can’t solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation the only way it’s been done in America for 221 years- block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.

2. Put the following paragraphs into English: （30 points）

(1) 这世上种种暗淡、微小的快乐中，我觉得要算上这一种快乐：拿起笔的快乐。很多人说过，写作的行为本身有一种实实在在的快乐：就在选词造句的过程中。也有很多人否认这一点。约翰逊博士在他的一生中肯定也否认过这种快乐，就我而言，这种快乐确实会在很少见的心情下出现，但在大多数情绪中完全不是这么一回事。不过，我在这里并不是要愉快地讨论写作和写作中的快乐，而是要说拿起笔的快乐，这完全是另外一回事。注意这一行为意味着什么。你独自一人。即便房间里挤满了人，你也一定是让自己感到了孤独才能写作。你一定是竖立起了某种屏障，将你的头脑与外界隔绝。此时的你，是孤独的；这样才能开始。

Among the sadder and smaller pleasures of this world I count this pleasure: the pleasure of taking up one’s pen. It has been said by very many people that there is a tangible pleasure in the mere act of writing: in choosing and arranging words. It has been denied by many. It is affirmed and denied in the life of Doctor Johnson, and for my part I would say that it is very true in some rare moods and wholly false in most others. However, of writing and the pleasure in it I am not writing here with pleasure, but of the pleasure of taking up one’s pen, which is quite another matter.Note what the action means. You are alone. Even if the room is crowded, you must have made yourself alone to be able to write at all. You must have built up some kind of wall and isolated your mind. You are alone, then; and that is the beginning.

(2) “一心二用”(the dual-ability to manage multiple tasks)的生理基础，是注意力的分配。人的注意力的总量是有限的，但实验证明，这个总量又是可以进行分配的。没人怀疑，一般人都可以一边走路一边接听电话。但一边开车一边接听电话呢？就要取决于两种因素：一是谈话的内容，一是交通的路况。同时从事两种任务的复杂程度，影响、决定着注意力分配的质量。在翻译中，鉴于大部分人不是真正意义上的“双语人”(bilinguals),而是“双语使用者”(diglossias), 故其注意力分配的布局就要有所不同。对于母语这一边要相对占有优势，而外语那一边则会牵涉更多的精力。

The biological foundation of the dual-ability to manage multiple tasks lies in attention distribution. While its total capacity is confined, attention can still be distributed as experiments have proved. Cases can be easily found of people possessing the ability to walk while talking on the phone. However, the ability to juggle drive and conduct a telephone conversation is obviously more demanding, depending very much on the contents of conversation and the conditions of traffic. The complexity of the tasks carried out concurrently determines the quality of attention distribution. Given the fact that most translators engaged in Chinese-English translation are not “bilinguals” in its true sense but “diglossias”, the layout of their attention distribution may vary accordingly, virtually taking up more attention from the foreign language side.

(3)我们的胜利来自于年轻人---那些远离家人承担辛苦但收入微薄的竞选工作的年轻人。他们反驳了关于他们是冷漠的一代的谬论。我们的胜利也来自于那些已不再年轻的人们，他们在严寒或酷暑中走街串巷向完全陌生的选民进行宣传。我们的胜利来自数以百万计的美国人民，他们的志愿参与和组织证明了两个多世纪之后，那个民有、民治、民享的政府仍然长存。这个胜利属于你们！

Part Two: Writing （20 points）

Book Matters: Will e-readers replace paperbacks?

Will e-readers replace paperbacks(纸质平装书）? Is this the end of the novel as we know it? With

the rising popularity of e-readers---a new generation of mini-computers that allow you to download thousands of books at the click of a button---many have been speculating about the demise of the physical book. What is your opinion ? Write at least 250-300 words .(20%)

Answer Sheet(非艺术类)

Part One Translation（60 points）

1. Put the following paragraphs into Chinese: (30 points)

(1)

(2)

(3)

2. Put the following paragraphs into English: （30 points）(1)

(2)

(3)

Part Two Writing (20 points)