大学英语四级历年真题核心词汇

大学英语四级历年真题核心词汇
大学英语四级历年真题核心词汇

大学英语四级历年真题核心词汇(一)

1. alter [5C:ltE]

What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?(2002.6)

【全真测试】A. 违反B. 改变C. 偏离

【译文】人们是如何看待用核武器来改变行星轨道的建议的?

【四级词义】v. 改变,改动,变更

【名师导学】此词在近年四级考试中出现的频率很高,在词汇部分以原形和分词形式出现居多,题型以词义辨析为主,在阅读部分则以它加前缀和后缀而变化的扩展词出现(见猜一猜)。

【巧记】alt(n. 高音)+er(名词后缀)=要想将歌曲唱好,就要经常在高音处做改变。

【猜一猜】①alterable②alternate③alteration④alternative

【Key】①adj. 可改变的,可改动的(-able可……,能……)

②v. 使交替,使轮流adj. 交替的,轮流的(-ate动词后缀)

③n. 改变,变动(-ation名词后缀)

④adj. 两者挑一的(-ative形容词后缀)

2. burst [bE:st]

We all burst into laughter and decided to forget it!(2002.1) 【全真测试】A. 爆炸B. 突然……(突然地发声或表达)C. 爆发

【译文】我们都突然大笑起来,并打算忘记它。

【四级词义】vi. & n. ①爆裂②突然发生(突然地发声或表达)

【常用词组】burst into tears突然大哭

【词性变化】n. 突然破裂,爆发a burst of laughter突发的笑声

【猜一猜】词组:迸发;突然发作,应是burst和哪个介词构成?

A. in

B. at

C. out

【Key】C 因为out是“外”的意思,所以向外burst一定是迸发;突然发作。

【例句】They burst out laughing.他们突然大笑起来。

3. blast [blB:stblAst]

To make the tunnel, engineers will have to blast through solid rock.

【全真测试】A. 消灭B. 一阵(风)C. 爆炸

【译文】为了开通隧道,工程师们将炸通硬岩石层。

【四级词义】vi. 炸,炸掉,毁灭

【巧记】b+last(最后的)=b是最后被炸掉的一股气流。

【词性变化】n. 爆炸;气流

4. dispose [di5spEuz]

He disposed of the problem quickly.

【全真测试】A. 排除B. 放弃C. 解决

【译文】他很快地解决了这个问题

【四级词义】vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理

【巧记】dis-(不)+ pose(姿势)=照相当然要摆个好(pose)姿势,不好的(dis)姿势(pose)就要解决,处理掉。

【例句】Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人,成事在天。

【常用词组】dispose of处理安排;排列;安放I have disposed of my old books.我已处理了我的旧书。

【猜一猜】①expose②impose

【Key】①vt.(ex-)出,外面,把你的姿势(pose)放在外面就是“使暴露,使曝光”v. 揭露

②v.(im-)使,强迫使你摆出各种姿势(pose),强加,强迫

5. consume [kEn5sju:m]

They consume around 40 terawatt hours of electricity in the US every year.

【全真测试】A. 处理B. 消耗C. 破坏

【译文】在美国,他们每年大约消耗40太瓦的电。

【四级词义】v. 消耗,耗尽

【巧记】con-(共同的)+sum(一笔钱)+e(一下子)=共同的一笔钱(e)一下子消耗,耗尽。

【词义扩展】v. 吃完,喝光。She consumed all the fruit on

the table.她吃完了桌上所有的水果。

【猜一猜】consumer

【Key】-er后缀表示从事动词的人或工具,因此consumer 是“消费者”。

6. split [split]

My trousers split when I sat down.

【全真测试】A. 破坏B. 卷起C. (使)裂开

【译文】当我坐下时,裤子被撕开了。

【四级词义】v. (splitting; split) 劈开;割裂;分裂

【词性变化】n. 裂口,裂缝a split in my trousers我裤子上的一个口子

7. spit [spit]

If I were a cloud, I would spit out the thinnest thread to weave a web in the field.

【全真测试】A. 吐出B. 扔C. 洒

【译文】假如我是一朵云,我就要吐出最细的雨丝,让它在田野上织一张网。

【四级词义】v. (spitting, spat或spit)吐,吐出

【巧记】s+pit(坑)= 我使劲(s)地把口水吐到坑(pit)里。

【词性变化】n. 口水

【词义扩展】(如果吐出来的是语言)即突然说出He spat out an insult and hurt her feelings.他突然口出恶语,让她十分伤心。

8. spill [spil]

One is not supposed to cry over spilled milk.

【全真测试】A. 保存B. 分开C. 洒

【译文】对着已经洒了的牛奶哭是无济于事的。

【四级词义】v. (spilling, spilt或spilled)洒,使溢出,溅出,倒出

【巧记】sp+ill=只有撕破(sp)了的(ill)坏的东西才被倒出来。

9. slip [slip]

Along the long way of changing, you may occasionally slip and fall. You have to learn to face failures, for the road to success is full of ups and downs.

【全真测试】A. 闪开B. 滑倒C. 忽略

【译文】在不断变化的路途中,你偶尔可能会滑倒,会跌倒,你必须学会面对失败,因为成功的路上充满了起起落落。

【四级词义】v. (slipping, slipped) ①滑动,滑倒②滑落;跌跤

【巧记】s+lip(嘴唇)=有S型嘴唇的鱼是海洋中滑动最快的鱼。

【词义扩展】(在你不经意时说出的或有错误的东西)即“口误,笔误”;(谈话或写作中的)小错误或疏忽a slip of the tongue口误【猜一猜】①slipper②slippery

【Key】①n. 拖鞋②adj. 滑的

10. slide[slaid]

The saddles are either further fixed so that the cables may slide over them, remounted on rollers so that they move with any movement of the cables.

【全真测试】A. 走动B. (使)滑动C. 飞奔

【译文】鞍座可以是固定的,这样钢缆可以在它上面滑动,也可以安装在滚柱上,这样鞍座就会随钢缆的移动而移动。

【四级词义】v. (sliding, slid)(使)滑动,(使)滑行

【词性变化】n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片(幻灯片是一张一张的在你面前滑动)

【猜一猜】①slide over②slide into

【Key】①略过,回避over在……之上,因此,在……之上滑过去是略过,回避。

②不知不觉地陷入,逐渐陷入into到……里,进入。滑进去,是不知不觉地陷入,逐渐陷入。

11. bacteria [bAk5tiEriE]

The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. (2000.1)

【全真测试】A. 细菌B. 害虫C. 唾液

【译文】能使食物变坏的细菌更喜欢在有水的混合物区域生存。

【四级词义】n. 细菌

【名师导学】bacteria是bacterium的复数,但此词往往以复数的形式在文章中出现。

12. breed [bri:d]

Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.(2002.12) 【全真测试】A. 品种B. 种类,类型C. 抚养

【译文】深深迷恋这种新技术的是一种现代商人,而这些人越来越看重在国外经商的价值。

【四级词义】①n. 种类,类型(多指人)

②n. 种,品种(多指动物)a breed of dog某一品种的狗

【词性变化】v. (breeding, bred)(要想出现不同的品种即要进行)繁殖,抚养,产仔

【例句】Many animals do not breed when in captivity. 许多动物一被关入笼中就不生育了。

13. budget [5bQdVit]

Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence.(1999.6)

【全真测试】A. 存储B. 挥霍C. 预算

【译文】在孩子很小的时候让他们每周得到一次零用钱,能教会孩子安排预算自己的开支,为将来的经济独立做好准备。

【四级词义】v. 预算,做安排

【巧记】bud(蓓蕾)+ get(拿)=看我们有拿多少蓓蕾(bud)的预算。

14. candidate [5kAndideit]

A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.(2002.12) 【全真测试】A. 应聘者B. 参赛者C. 游戏者

【译文】掌握第二门语言不仅是在贸易方面找到一份工作的条件,有语言方面的技能还能使候选人在其他条件同等的情况下比其他人具有更大的优势。

【四级词义】n. 候选人,应聘者

【巧记】can(能够)+did(做)+ate(成为)=能够为人民做事的人成为候选人。

【猜一猜】candidateship

【Key】候选(人)资格(身份)(ship为抽象名词的后缀)

15. campus [5kAmpEs]

I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years.(1998.6)

【全真测试】A. 校园B. 露营地C. 村庄

【译文】我最近访问了纽约一个很好的小型学院,这个大学

在过去六年里,少数民族的人数增加了两倍。

【四级词义】n. 校园,大学

【巧记】camp(露营地)+us(我们)= 露营地在我们的校园。

16. liberal [5libErEl]

Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two.(2003.9)

【全真测试】A. 文科教育的B. 自由的C. 慷慨的

【译文】文科是全面而严格的学术,它包含文学,历史,数学,经济学,自然科学,人类行为学和一两门计算机课程。

【四级词义】adj. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的,文科教育的(属于、关于或基于大学或学院课程中的传统艺术和科学的,而西方的这种教育又是相对丰富和自由的)

【巧记】liber -(free自由) + al.(形容词后缀)= adj. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的

【词性变化】n. 自由主义者(尤指英国、加拿大等国的)

【猜一猜】①liberate②liberty③liberalism

【Key】①v. 解放,释放(-ate动词后缀)②n. 自由,特权(-ty名词后缀)③n.自由主义(-ism主义名词后缀)

17. transform [trAns5fC:m]

After ten year’s hard work, they transformed a backward

agriculture country into an advanced industrial country.

【全真测试】A. 探索B. 研究C. 转变

【译文】经过十年的努力,他们将落后的农业国转变为先进的工业国。

【四级词义】v. 转变,变革;变换

【巧记】trans(转变)+form(形式)=转变,变革;变换

【名师导学】在词汇题中以词义辨析为主,而只要能辨认前缀trans-后的词义,就不难辨析四级词义,而阅读中则以变化的形式出现。

【猜一猜】①transformer②transformation

【Key】①n. 变压器【真题例句】High-voltage transformer.(2002.12)高压变压器。

②n. 转变,变革;变换(tion为名词后缀)

18. transport [trAns5pC:t]

Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.

【全真测试】A. 运输B. 改变C. 制造

【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现在交通运输工具使大量人口流动得相对容易)所引起的各种社会问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

【四级词义】vt. 运输,运送

【巧记】trans-(横过,贯穿)+port(港口)=在港口之间横穿,是在用运输工具运输,运送货物。

【词性变化】n. 运输,运输工具

【猜一猜】①transaction②transplant

【Key】①trans-+(action行动)= n. 业务,交易②trans-+(plant)= v. 移植

19. shift [Fift]

The layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts.(2003.12)

【全真测试】A. 转变B. 运输C. 交易

【译文】Stoke公司的裁员根源于深刻的社会变革。

【四级词义】v. 转移;转动;转变

【词义扩展】变换位置;改变方向The wind shifted to the east.风转向东吹。

20. vary [5vZEri]

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.(1998.1)

【全真测试】A. 违反B.转移C. 使多样化

【译文】家长在对待孩子的严格程度上是截然不同的。

【四级词义】v. (varying, varied) 变化,改变;使多样化

【名师精讲】在词汇和阅读题中多是以vary的词形变化形

式出现,见猜一猜。

【猜一猜】①various②variable③variance④variant ⑤variation

【Key】①adj. 不同的,各种各样的(-ous形容词后缀)

②adj. 可变化的,易变的[-able(可……的,表示能够)形容词后缀]

③n. 不同,变动(-ance名词后缀)

④adj. 差异的,变化的(-ant形容词后缀)

⑤n. 变化,变动(ation名词后缀)

21. vanish [5vAniF]

I thought it would rain, but the clouds have vanished and it’s a fine day.

【全真测试】A. 消失B. 加重C. 变化

【译文】我原以为天要下雨的,可是云消失了,是个好天。

【四级词义】vi. 消失,不见

【巧记】vanish =van(大蓬车)i(一下子)sh(消失了)

【常用词组】vanish away消失(away,表示向相反的方向离开)

【猜一猜】①vanish from sight②vanish into the void 【Key】①消失不见(from表示“从……”)②化为乌有(into 表示“到……,进入……”)

22. swallow [5swClEu]

Their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.(2001.6)

【全真测试】A. 淹没B. 燕子C. 消化

【译文】他们的房屋将被汹涌的大海淹没。

【四级词义】vt. 咽,淹没,吞没,耗尽vi. 吞下,咽下

【巧记】记下swallow的两种含义:我的喉咙可吞咽下一只燕子。

【词性变化】n. 燕子;喉咙

23. suspicion [sEs5piFEn]

There are suspicions that he may not be able to play at all.

【全真测试】A. 怀疑B. 检查C. 担心

【译文】他是否参与演出还是值得怀疑的。

【四级词义】n. 怀疑,疑心

【猜一猜】①above suspicion②under suspicion③suspicious

【Key】①(above在怀疑之上)无可置疑②(under在怀疑之下)受到怀疑③adj. 怀疑的,可疑的

【例句】I am suspicious of that woman.我很怀疑那位妇女。

24. mild [maild]

The weather is mild today, it is neither hot nor cold.

【全真测试】A. 温暖的B. 野生的C. 有雾的

【译文】今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热。

【四级词义】adj. 温暖的,暖和的

【巧记】联系mild和wild(野生的)一起记:温暖的m,野生的w尖尖的角长在前面。

【词义扩展】adj. 温柔的,味淡的He has a mild nature.他的性情温和。

25. tender [5tendE]

My leg was very tender after the injection.

【全真测试】A. 坚硬的B. 强壮的C. 脆弱。

【译文】输完液后我的腿很脆弱。

【四级词义】adj. 温柔的;脆弱的

【巧记】tend(v. 护理n. 关怀)+er=能够做各种护理的人必须要温柔的且不脆弱的

【例句】a tender mother慈母

26. insignificant [7insig5nifIkEnt]

The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, but its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant.

【全真测试】A. 无意义的B. 重大的C. 全面的

【译文】冰箱对人类幸福的贡献没什么意义,但它对环境的影响意义倒很大。

【四级词义】adj. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的

【巧记】sign n. 记号,标记

signify v. 表示,意味着(-ify动词后缀)

significant(ant形容词后缀)重大的;具有特殊意义的

insignificant(in-否定前缀)=无意义的;无足轻重的;无价值的

【猜一猜】①significance②insignificance

【Key】①n. 意义,重要性(ance名词后缀)

②n.(in-否定前缀)无意义,无关紧要,低微的;不重要的(ance名词后缀)

27. accelerate [Ak5selEreit]

He decided to accelerate his advertising.

【全真测试】A. 减少B. 加速C. 阻止

【译文】他决定增加广告。

【四级词义】vt. 加速,促进

【猜一猜】①acceleration②decelerate③deceleration 【Key】①n.(ac- =to到达)加速,加速度②v.(de-向相反的方向减弱)减弱,减速③n. 减弱,减速

28. absolute [5AbsElu:t]

At absolute zero, a pure semiconductor has all of its electrons tightly bound and acts as an insulator.

【全真测试】A. 绝对的B. 有限的C. 相对的

【译文】在绝对零度时,绝对半导体所有的电子都紧紧结合在一起,因而显示出绝缘体的性质。

【四级词义】adj. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的

【词性变化】absolutelyadv. 完全地,绝对地

【例句】“Absolutely brilliant!”the other parents gushed. “绝对精彩!”其他的家长大喊。

29. boundary [5baundEri]

The boundaries of the country

【全真测试】A. 分界线B. 约束C. 原则

【译文】国界

【四级词义】n. ①分界线,边界②界限;范围

【巧记】boundvi.(以……为界)+ary(名词后缀)= n.①分界线,边界②界限;范围

【例句】the boundaries of knowledge知识范围

大学英语四级历年真题核心词汇(二)

1. brake [breik]

Amy was too nervous to brake in time when she saw a truck running towards them.

【全真测试】A. 刹车B. 修理C. 打碎

【翻译】艾米太紧张了,以致于看见卡车向她开过来,就不能及时刹车了。

【四级词义】vi. (braking, braked)刹车

【名师导学】在构词法中,其中之一就是转化,本词是动词和名词之间的转化。而在英文中,很多单词就含有动词和其意思

相同或相近的名词,大家在学习中有所注意,就会在不知不觉中增加词汇量。

【巧记】同音异形异义brake(刹车)和break(v. 打破n. 休息,破裂)。brake以不发音的e结尾,是不发音的静悄悄的刹车,而以k结尾的是像卡擦的音——打破,爆裂。

【词性变化】n.(常用pl.)制动装置;刹车

【例句】①The town government put the brakes on all these projects by giving them less money.镇政府削减对所有这些工程的拨款,使它们都停顿下来了。

②The car, whose brake wasn’t very reliable, began to slide backward.因为刹车失灵,车开始往后滑。

2. catalog [5kAtElCg]

A catalog of all the books in the library.

【全真测试】A. 目录B. 数目C. 统计

【译文】图书馆里所有书籍的目录

【四级词义】n. 目录(册)

【巧记】cat(猫)+a(一个)+log(木头)=猫在一个木头上编目录。

【词性变化】v. 编目录Can you catalog the VCD sets you sell and send me a copy?你能不能把你们出售的VCD机编成目录,送我一份?

3. vague [veig]

He had a vague feeling that something had gone wrong.

【全真测试】A. 模糊的B. 一相情愿的C. 大众的

【译文】他有一种模糊的感觉,那就是有什么事情不对头。

【四级词义】adj. 模糊的,不明确的,不确定的He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.我问他出了什么事时,他一无所知。

4. vain [vein]

We tried in vain to persude him to give up his wrong belief.

【全真测试】A. 繁忙B. 徒劳C. 紧张

【译文】我们尽力劝说他放弃错误的信念,但没有成功。

【四级词义】n. 徒劳,白费

【常用词组】in vain徒然,枉然All our work was in vain.我们所有的工作都白费了。

【猜一猜】①vainness②vainly

【Key】①n. 无益

②adv. 徒劳地

5. extinct [iks5tiNkt]

The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once thrived.

【全真测试】A. 绝灭的B. 不再活跃的C. 再生的

【译文】蒂姆博尔响尾蛇现在已被列入濒临灭绝物种名单,并已在东部两个州灭绝,这种响尾蛇在这两个州曾一度繁盛。

【四级词义】adj. 灭绝的,耗尽的

【巧记】ex-(出,外,离)+tinct(颜色,色彩)=没有了颜色?灭绝了,熄灭了。

【词义扩展】熄灭的;不再燃烧的,不再活跃的An extinct volcano.一座死火山。

【猜一猜】①exinction②extinctive

【Key】①n. 消失,消灭,废止,[物]消光

②adj. 使消灭的

6. extraordinary [iks5trC:dinEri]

A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading.(1998.1)

【全真测试】A. 特别的B. 例外的C. 极其的

【译文】一份好的报纸是一份很特别的阅读资料。

【四级词义】adj. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的

【巧记】extra-(出,外)+ordinary(平常)=不平常的,特别的,非凡的

7. extreme [ik5strim]

It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack(群)by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate(从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you.(2000.12)

【全真测试】A. 极端的B. 特殊的C. 明智的

【译文】没有必要用极端的的方法将你自己塑造成狗群的领

导,你可以教你的狗表现出依附于你,从而来确定它的从属地位。

【四级词义】adj. 极度的,极端的

【词性变化】n. 极端,过分

【常用词组】in the extreme极,非常

8. agent [5eidVEnt]

We hereby appoint your company to be our business agent in Pairs.

【全真测试】A. 代理人B. 律师C. 客户

【译文】我们将委托贵公司作为巴黎的业务代理。

【四级词义】n. 代理人,代理商

【猜一猜】①a travel agent②a secret agent③a house agent

【Key】①旅行代理商②密探经纪人③房产经纪人

9. agency [5eidVEnsi]

The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom,escape,relaxation and enjoyment of the great western outdoors.(2000.1)

【全真测试】A. 代理商B. 公司C. 办公室

【译文】这个代理商开展了一个活动,这个活动主要是关于旅行经验的,如在广阔的西部户外旅行的自由,逃离现实的生活,放松和乐趣。

【四级词义】n. 代理商,经销商

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