全新版大学英语4课后练习clozeB(十五选十)及翻译题

Cloze1

In the 21st century, clouds and stormy weather no longer automatically bring operations to a halt or force a change in targets（目标）. Technologies such as the Global Positioning System now allow cruise missiles（巡航导弹）and other smart weapons to home in on（瞄准并飞速接近）their targets. But the weather still is a factor that must be reckoned with, especially with precision-guided weapons that must be highly accurate （高度精确）to be effective.

Fortunately, the ability to obtain weather forecasts will get better. In the next few years, remote weather sensors（传感器）will grow rapidly on unmanned （无人的）vehicles. This will create a network of observing platforms that will give commanders an instant overview of weather in the battle zone（战场）. In some areas you’ll have direct delivery of weather information straight from the computes to black boxes in aircraft and other vehicles. That will be especially important for target-bound aircraft（瞄准目标的飞行器）.

Such technology will give whoever possess it a tremendous edge （优势）over their enemy and enable them to use developing weather conditions to their advantage. As we get superior satellites into space, we’ll gain huge advantages in observing meteorological conditions in denied areas（盲区）, where we don’t have people on the ground. And our modeling ability will continue to improve as our computers get more powerful. The past 10 years have witnessed a revolution in our communications（通讯）and computer abilities. It’s exciting to think of what the next 10 years will bring.

在第二十一世纪，云层和暴风雨天气不再自动带来业务停顿或迫使目标的变化（目标）。如全球定位系统现在允许巡航导弹技术（巡航导弹）等智能武器的家中（瞄准并飞速接近）目标。但天气仍然是一个因素不可忽视，尤其是精确制导武器，必须是非常准确的（高度精确）是有效的。

幸运的是，获取天气预报的能力将得到更好的。在接下来的几

年中，远程气象传感器（传感器）将快速增长（无人的）无人驾驶车辆。这将创建一个观测平台，将给指挥官在战斗区天气即时网络（战场）。在一些地区，你会直接从计算的飞机和其他汽车黑匣子的天气信息直接传送。将目标束缚飞机尤其重要（瞄准目标的飞行器）。

这种技术会给谁拥有巨大的优势（优势）在他们的敌人，使他们利用气象条件对他们有利的发展。当我们得到优越的卫星送入太空，我们会观察气象条件的地区获得了巨大的优势（盲区否认），我们没有在地面上的人。我们的建模能力将继续为我们的电脑变得更强大的提高。过去10年见证了我们的通信革命（通讯）和计算机能力。令人兴奋的是未来10年会带来什么。

The offensive had lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do this we have to cross a marshland, and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckily enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze over, we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This had turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.

我的进攻已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。师长命令我们营绕到敌人后方，在夜间发动突然袭击。为此我们要穿过沼泽地，和我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定赌一把。幸运的是，由于严寒天气使沼泽结冰，我们到达我们的目的地在黎明前，从敌人后方发起进攻。这就扭转了战局。敌人，猝不及防，很快就投降了。

Cloze2

The automobile industry(汽车产业) is one of the most important

industries in the world, affecting not only the economy but also the cultures of the world. It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues（税收）, and provides the basis for a large number of related service and support industries. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel , and do business.

The automobile has enabled（使能够）people to travel and transport goods farther and faster, and has opened up new market opportunities for business and commerce（商业）. The auto industry has also decreased the overall（全部的）costs of transportation by using methods such as mass production, mass marketing, and globalization of production. Today, auto making is the world’s largest manufacturing activity（制造业）, with more than 53 million new vehicles（车辆）built each year worldwide.

As a result easier and faster transportation, the United States and world economies have become dependent on the mobility（机动性）that automobiles, trucks and buses provide. This mobility has allowed remote populations to interact with（互相影响）one another, which, in turn, has increased commerce. The transportation of goods to consumers and consumers to goods has become an industry in itself. However, the automobile has also caused some problems, such as air pollution, congested（堵塞的）traffic, and increased highway facilities. Nevertheless, the automobile industry continues to be an important source of employment for millions of people worldwide.

汽车工业（汽车产业）是世界上最重要的产业之一，不仅影响经济也是世界的文化。它提供了数百万人的工作，在世界范围内产生数十亿美元的税收（税收），和大量的相关服务和支持的产业提供了基础。汽车运输在第二十世纪的革命，永远地改变了人们的生活，旅行和做生意的方式。

汽车使（使能够）人们出行和运输货物的速度更快捷，并开辟了商务市场新机遇（商业）。汽车行业也降低了总体的（全部的）使

用方法如大规模生产，运输成本的大众营销，和生产的全球化。今天，汽车是世界上最大的制造业活动（制造业），有超过53000000个新的车辆（车辆）建立全球每年。

因此更容易和更快的运输，美国和世界经济已变得依赖于流动性（机动性），汽车，卡车和巴士提供。这种移动性允许远程群体互动（互相影响）另一个，其中，反过来，增加了商业。商品与消费者之间的运输货物本身已经成为一个行业。然而，汽车也带来了一些问题，如空气污染，拥挤的交通，（堵塞的）增加公路设施。然而，汽车工业仍然是全球数以百万计的人的一个重要的就业来源。

Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today

the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.

汽车，因为他们的发明，彻底改变了交通，永远地改变了人们的生活，旅行和做生意的方式。另一方面，也带来了危害，尤其是公路死亡事故。然而，今天

计算机技术和电子传感器和制造汽车设计中的应用可以消除大部分的交通事故。例如，电子传感器安装在你的车可以检测到空气中的酒精蒸汽并拒绝启动发动机。他们还可以监控道路条件下接收无线电信号在轨道上运行的卫星发出大大减少你陷入交通堵塞的机会。

Cloze3

When you get an invitation(邀请) to a job interview, you are halfway（中途的）toward your goal---- a job offer. No matter how many

encouraging responses you have gotten to your job inquiry letters, with rare exceptions you will not get a job offer without an interview.

Go to the library to find all relevant information about the company and, if you can, on the person who will interview you. Have material with you that the employer might ask for ----samples of your work, names and addresses of references（推荐信），extra copies of your resume（个人简历）.

An employment manager for a major construction company offers this advice. “If it’s obvious you haven’t spent any time preparing for the interview----that is, you don’t know what the company does, where it does it, what kinds of jobs it has---- then don’t expect the company to take you very seriously.”

Prior（优先的）to an interview the employer has probably seen your resume and perhaps talked with you on the phone. What employers look for in interviews is what you might call personal chemistry----how you look and act, whether you exhibit（显示）self-confidence, how you would fit in with other members of the organization.

当你得到一个邀请（邀请）去面试，你是中途（中途的）朝着自己的目标--一个工作机会。无论多少鼓励你已经对你的工作的询价函的反应，与罕见的例外，你不会得到工作面试。

去图书馆找关于公司的相关信息，如果可以的话，在人谁将面试你。有材料与你的雇主可能会要求--你的工作样本，参考文献名称和地址（推荐信），简历的副本（个人简历）。

一个主要的建筑公司提供了这个建议招聘经理。“如果很明显你没有花任何时间准备面试--那就是，你不知道公司做什么，它在哪里，什么样的工作它--然后别指望公司重视你。”

前（优先的）面试的雇主可能已经看过你的简历，也许跟你打电话。招聘者在面试是你会把个人的化学反应--你怎么看起来和行动，你是否表现出（显示）自信，你将如何符合组织的其他成员。Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my

standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.

I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.

好的开始，成功的一半，俗话说。对于一个求职者在求职时，做作业是非常重要的。从我的角度来看，是否已经做完他的作业明显地使他成功的机会有差异。我有一个朋友谁赢得了在一家计算机软件公司一年100000美元附近的某个地方。他告诉我，从他自己的经验的决策者面试未来的员工一样的人准备的。那些不努力学习更多的关于他未来的雇主可能不会有多大的一个成功的机会。

Cloze4

Globalization is a process of interaction(相互作用) and integration （综合）among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade（国际贸易）and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on economic development, on political systems（政治制度）, and on human physical（身体的）well-being in societies around the world.

Globalization is not new, though, For thousands of years,

people----and, letter, corporations----have been buying from and selling to each other in lands at great distances, such as through the famed（著名的）Silk Road across Central Asia that connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in（投资于）enterprises（企业）in other countries. In fact, many of the features (特征)of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing（流行）before the outbreak（爆发）of the First World War in 1914.

But policy and technological development（技术发展）of the past few decades have spurred（激励）increases in cross-border（跨越边界

的）trade, investment, and migration（移民）so large that many observers（观察者）believe the world has entered a qualitatively（定性的）new phase（阶段）. Since 1950, for example, the volume of（大量的）world trade has increased by 20 times, and from just 1997 to 1999 flows（现金流量）of foreign investment nearly doubled, from $468 billion to $827 billion. Distinguishing（区别）this current wave of globalization from earlier ones, author Thomas Friedman has said that today globalization is “farther（更远的）, faster, cheaper, and deeper（更深）.”

全球化是一个互动的过程（相互作用）和整合（综合）之间的人，公司，和不同国家的政府，通过国际贸易驱动（国际贸易）和投资以及信息技术的辅助。这个过程对经济发展的影响，对政治系统（政治制度），以及对人的身体（身体的）在全世界的幸福。

全球化并不是新的，但是，几千年来，人们----，----信，公司已经购买和出售给对方的土地在很远的地方，如通过著名的丝绸之路（著名的）在中亚连接中国和欧洲中世纪。同样，几个世纪以来，人们和公司投资（投资于）企业（企业）在其他国家。事实上，许多功能（特征）对当前的全球化浪潮是类似流行（流行）爆发前（爆发）1914第一次世界大战。

但政策和技术发展（技术发展）在过去的几十年里，已促使（激励）增加跨境（跨越边界的）贸易，投资，和迁移（移民）如此之大，许多观察家（观察者）认为，世界已进入一个新阶段的定性（定性的）（阶段）。从1950开始，例如，体积（大量的）世界贸易增长了20倍，从1997到1999，流量（现金流量）外商投资增加近一倍，从468000000000美元到827000000000美元。鉴别（区别）全球化浪潮从早期的当前，作者托马斯弗里德曼说，今天的全球化”（更远的更远，更快，更便宜），深（更深）。”

Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important.

At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The Internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trends can copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.

全球化对中国年轻人具有重大影响。例如，年轻的农民正在大规模向城市地区工作。对于那些年轻人渴望出国留学或在外商投资企业工作，英语变得越来越重要。同时，有相当一部分华侨在最近几年已经返回家中，他们对中国经济的长期增长前景乐观。互联网加强了中国年轻人和其他地方的联系。他们遵循的最新趋势，可以模仿外国的时尚。有些人不在乎中国的传统美德，更别说发扬光大，这已经引起了担忧，中国的传统文化有一天会消失。

Cloze6

There are only 24 hours in your day,just the same as everybody else’s.So how do you end up time-starved,frustrated ,and behind in your word? Maybe it is because you don’t know how to use those 24 hours to your advantage.

If using your time wisely is a problem for you,you probably don’t have a very good idea of where it all goes.It just seems to go ! A good place to start ,then ,it to faithfully keep track of how you use your waking hours for a week.The results will probably surprise you.

The next step is to do some planning. You’ll disco ver,among other things,that if you get seven hours’ sleep a night ,you have 119 hours per week to do everything you need to do .that,of course ,includes going to class,eating,social activities,personal hygiene,telephone and tv

time,etc .be sure to schedule time for all these in your 119 hours.then try

to sticking your schedule for a week .this should give you a good idea of what your real priorities are!

Learn to say NO once your priorities are set . Turning down an invitation doesn’t mean you’ll never be invited again . Making a decision based on what you know is best for you at the time actually leads to greater respect form your friends.

有你的一天只有24小时，就跟所有人一样，“所以你如何结束时间饥饿，沮丧，和在你的话吗？也许是因为你不知道如何使用这24个小时里，你的优势。

如果明智地使用你的时间是你的问题，你可能没有一个很好的主意，这一切都只是似乎！一个好的开始的地方，然后，它忠实地记录你如何使用你的醒着的时间为一周。结果可能会让你大吃一惊。

下一步是做一些计划。你会发现，在其他事情上，如果你每晚睡七小时，你有119小时去做你需要做的一切。这，当然，包括上课，吃饭，社交活动，个人卫生，电话和电视的时间，等等。一定要安排在你的119小时，这些时间尽量一周坚持你的计划。这将给你真正的优先事项是什么好主意！

学会说不，一旦你的优先级设置。拒绝一个邀请并不意味着你永远不会再被邀请。决策基于你知道什么对你是最好的的时候，实际上会导致更大的尊重你的朋友。

Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well /good money.

Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.

Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.

今天我们在恒定的压力下工作更长的时间，生产更多的产品，并拥有更多的。很多人错误地认为幸福在于努力工作和收入/好钱。

许多妇女今天感到同样的压力工作取得进步，同时，对养育子女承担家庭责任的负担。

研究表明，工作狂往往使我们与家人的距离。它迫使我们辛劳更长和更长的时间，让我们的时间的一小部分是身体和情感的我们的亲人。家庭成员间的亲密关系过程中注定要消亡。