直接引语和间接引语的几点变化

直接引语和间接引语的几点变化
直接引语和间接引语的几点变化

直接引语和间接引语的几点变化

一、时态变化

如果引述动词为过去时态,间接引语中的时间就要往后推,即现在时间推至过去时间,过去时间推至过去的过去,将来时间推至过去将来时间。具体变化见下表:

二、情态动词的变化

在间接引语中,有些情态动词没有过去式,转换为间接引语时仍用原来的形式,或用其它表示法。

四、引述动词的变化

为了让表达更丰富多彩一些,引述动词除了常见的tell,ask,say外,根据不同句式还

人称的变化——“一主、二宾、三不变”。意为在改为间接引语时,直接引语里的第一人称

直接引语变间接引语口诀

直接引语变间接引语口诀 在初中英语中直接引语变为间接引语对于学生们来说也是一个难点,因为需要变化的内容很多,这儿有一个关于直接引语变间接引语的口诀,帮助大家来记忆。 直接引语变间接引语口诀: 直引若是一般问,变间if\whether连。语序变为陈述式,时态人称相应变。 直引若是特殊问,疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单,一切只当一般问。 直引若是祈使句,谓语动词挺要紧。 told\asked\ordered,根据口气来选定。 告诉人、请人、命令人,后跟to do sth.。若是否定祈使句, not to do后边行。 直接引语变间接引语的人称变化: 一主二宾三不变. 直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。 附直接引语变间接引语的详细介绍: 直接引语就是直接引用别人的话,并把它放在引号内;间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话,不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时,间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法 如果直接引语是陈述句,在变为间接引语时,由连词that引导(在口语中that常省略)。主句中如果有say to somebody (对某人说),通常变为tell somebody (告诉某人)。 He said, “I get on well with people here.” →He said that he got on well with people there. Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”

直接引语和间接引语句子训练

直接引语和间接引语句子训练(转述句和陈述句): 1.直接引语是直接引用别人的话,而间接引语则是转达别人说的话,因此,直接引语改为间接引语时,说话人即第一人称“ 我”要改为第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”。如:张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 2.当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。如:姐姐对我说:“ 你说得对,我就这样做。” 改:姐姐告诉我,我说得对,她就这样做。上面的例句中涉及了第二人称,在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。还应注意,冒号和引号前的内容不变。 3.间接引语改为直接引语,第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”应改为第一人称“ 我”,说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。如:老班长告诉我们,他没有完成任务,没把我们照顾好。改:老班长对我们说:“ 我没有完成任务,没把你们照顾好。” 特例: 1.小华对小强说:“你明天把钢笔还给我。” 小华对小强说,他明天把钢笔还给小强。 2.妹妹对爸爸说:“哥哥让我转告你,它晚上有事不回来吃饭了。” 妹妹告诉爸爸,哥哥说他晚上有事不回来吃饭了。 3.老师对小丽说:“你知道自己表现得最出色吗?” 老师对小丽说,她的表现很最出色。 1. 小红军对陈赓说:“我还要等我的同伴呢。” 2. 老师对我说:“我教你怎么写。” 3. 雨来摇摇头说:“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 4. 李楠小声告诉我:“我家在少年宫附近。” 5. 小姑娘说:“我要去北京,我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 6. 老师对王芳说:“学校让你明天出席区小学生座谈会。” 7. 罗蒙诺索夫摇摇头对爸爸说:“我也要一本书!” 8. 雷锋对大嫂说:“我送你一程吧!” 9. 小鸟对青蛙说:“朋友,不信请你跳出井口看一看!” 10. 有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说:“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢!” 11. 老师说:“你今天放学之前必须完成作业。” 12. 有句俗话说:“磨刀不误砍柴工。” 13. 楚王瞅了他一眼,冷笑一声,说:“难道齐国没有人了吗?” 14. 他惊讶地说:“原来是你!” 15. 妈妈对我说:“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 1 6. 爸爸说:“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭,我有事。” 17. 一个同学对我说:“借我一只笔。” 18. 外婆问我:“你在干什么?”

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]知识讲解

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]

直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句) 一.直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语:直接引用别人的话叫直接引语, 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号;间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” (直接引语)→ He said that he was a student. (间接引语) 主句从句主句从句 二.当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时,首先要注意用特殊疑问词,其后用陈述语序的句子,同时注意人称、时态、时间状语,连接词,语序的变化. (一)人称的变化规则:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。 ★(二).时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则:主现从不限;主过从四过(即4种过去的时态:一般过去时;过去进行时;过去将来时;过去完成时);客观真理,只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时,从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时;现在进行时改成过去进行时;一般将来时改成过去将来时;一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. (三).时间状语变化 ★(四).连接词 1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。

2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether。 3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他 注意: 1. 语序不变的有:What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you? 但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变 1)从句中有or / or not 。例:she asks whether he stayed 。 2.只用 whether 2)与不定式to do 连用。例:I can’t decide whether to tell him the news 3) 在介词后。例:they are talking about whether they can afford the new house 用法是有区别的,但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候,我们要选whether ★3.宾语从句语序:陈语述序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其它。

英语语法-如何把直接引语转换为间接引语

如何把直接引语转换为间接引语 引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1. 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that ....引导,很多时候可省略that。例如: She said, "I am very happy to help you." →She said she was very happy to help me. She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.” →She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day. She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.” →She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years. She said, “ I am reading a book now.” →She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment. John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday” →John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether .......或if..(是否)引导。先把直接引语变为陈述句语序,再放在whether或if后面。例如: He asked me, "Do you like playing football?" → →He asked me whether/if I liked playing football. He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”

直接引语和间接引语用法大全

直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。 例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” 布莱克先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语) Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。(间接引语)John said, "I'm going to London with my father." 约翰说:"我要和父亲到伦敦去。"(引号内是直接引语) John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语) 1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中或不引起歧义时常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时,要特别注意句子的意义。 不能省略that的情况 1.1)会产生歧义(Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, the train had already left.琳达很失望地说,她到达车站时火车已经开走了。(如不用that,when状语从句既可以理解为修饰said, 又可以理解为修饰had left) 1.2)当引述动词后面不止跟一个that引导的从句时,第二个that不能省略。 He said (that) he was leaving for Europe the next week and that he would stay there for half a year. 他说他下周要到欧洲去并在那里呆半年。(第二个that不能省略) 直接引语变间接引语有着时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语的变化。间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。 He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than him. 从句的谓语动词可用直接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that,不可直接说told that, 如: He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” ——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”——> He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.(不可说told that)此外主句中的谓语还常有: repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等,又如: He said,“I'm late because of the heavy traffic.”——> He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic. 如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句,第一个连词可以省略,以后的连词一般不省略,以免混乱。 The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”——> The doctor said(that)I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon. 1)人称的变化 顺口溜“一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化,如: She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如: He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

直接引语改为间接引语的变化

直接引语改为间接引语的变化 1.人称的变化。其规律为:一从主,二从宾,三不变。具体为: (1)如果直接引语的主语是第一人称,变化时,该人称与主句的主语保持一致。 如:Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→ Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past. (2)如果直接引语的主语是第二人称,变化时,该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。 如:He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” → He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab. (3)如果直接引语的主语是第三人称,变化时,该人称保持不变。 如:Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→ Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework. 2.时态的变化。 (1)如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句原有时态保持不变。 如:Mary says,“I we nt to see the movie yesterday.” →Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.” (2)如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。 a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时 d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。 3.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化,变 4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。 (1).陈述句改为间接引语时,常用动词said, told,连词that,多被省略。 如:Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→ Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night. Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” → Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore. (2).一般疑问句常用if或whether来将其改为间接引语(选择疑问句只能用whether),常用ask来引述,可以加间接宾语。语序为陈述语序。 如:She said,“Could I copy your homework?” → She asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework. She said,“Is this book yours or hers?” →

直接引语变间接引语专项练习题(答案)

直接引语变间接引语专项练习题 一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词: 1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper. 2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.” The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He told me that he _______ met her the day _______. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I _______ to go _______ before five. 7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said. She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______. 8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said. He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he a sked. He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______. 13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet. 14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said. She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.

谈谈直接引语和间接引语

结合新目标人教版八年级英语下册Unit4 谈谈直接引语和间接引语 山东省东营市利津县汀罗镇第一中学张树梓邮编257452 1.首先同学们先从概念上理解直接引语和间接引语: 直接引用别人的话叫直接引语,用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语前后加引号,间接引语不必加。现用课本中的句子解释如下: 直接引语:Marcia said, “She is having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.” Lana said, “I?m mad at Marcia.” 间接引语: Marcia said that she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Lana said that she was mad at Marcia. 2. 变直接引语为间接引语的方法: (1)直接引语的主语是第一人称,改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称,如: Lana said, “I?m mad at Marcia.” Lana said that she was mad at Marcia. 注:若直接引语为陈述句,改为间接引语时,可以把that 省略。

(2)若主语谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变成间接引语要调整时态。列表如下: 通过上表,同学们可以了解Grammar Focus中直接引语与间接引语的变化方式了,如下: 注:若直接引语部分是一种客观事实时,时态不变,如:

The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun. 该为间接引语:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. (3) 直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。列表如下: (4) 若直接引语为一般疑问句(即倒装语序,改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序,而且要用连词if或whether。如本单元Self—check部分中的第二题中的“She asked me if she could copy my homework.”就是由直接引语“She asked me, …can I

直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)

直接引语和间接引语用法及练习(含答案)

直接引语和间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语时,人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。 人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化,一般情况下,与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀:“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化,第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化,第三人称一般不需要变化。 例 如: 1) He said, “I am glad to see you.”→He said that he was glad to see me. 2) “Do you know the man over there?” M ary said to Tom. →Mary asked Tom if he knew the man ov er there. 3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her school bag at home.” →Jim told me that Jane had left her sc hoolbag at home.

2、时态的变化 (1)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时 过去完成时过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时过去将来时 一般将来进行时过去将来进行时 一般将来完成时过去将来完成时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表: He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说:“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说:“我正在用小刀。”

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解

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(三) ★(四).连接词 1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that 或将that 省略,直接与主句相连。 2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if 或whether 。 3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意:当who 为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他

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直接引语变间接引语的用法 一、如何变人称; 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如: She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如: He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如: Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good work er。 二、如何变时态: 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态;过去时态改为完成时;过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如: 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如: Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如: Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如: He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to,had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例:could, should, would, might)不再变。如:Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语:

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直接引语和间接引语Name ____________ No._________ 一、直接引语:直接引用别人的原话。具有以下特点: ①直接引语通常置于引号内,不作任何改动。②没有时态呼应的问题。 ③引用原话前可以用逗号“,”,也可以用冒号“:”。 ④第二个引号前,亦即用重述的话之末,按其类别放一个句号(.)或问号(?)等。 二、间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的意思,或引用自己说过的话。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。间接引语具有以下特点: ①不要逗号,冒号,引号。②要考虑人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一样的)。 ③要考虑时态的变化。④要考虑时间状语的变化,地点状语的变化和指示代词的变化。 三、直接引语与间接引语的转换。 ㈠转述陈述句或感叹句,去冒号和引号连词用that (that,无词意,不作成分,口语中可省))接宾语从句,,从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化(时态为“主现从实,主过从相过”;人称/物主/反身等代词:引号内的第一人称改为与主句的主语相同的人称;第二人称改为第一人称;第三人称不变。)。例如: "You speak English very well." She said.她说,“你英语讲得不错”。 She said that I spoke English very well.她说我英语讲得不错。 ㈡转述一般疑问句,去冒号和引号。连词用if/whether(有词意"是否",不作成分,不可省)接宾语从句,其后改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。注意:①当助动词为do/does/did时,改为宾语从句时应去掉,而在谓语动词上体现时态,但如为don't/doesn't/didn't时,则不能去掉。②当连词为if/whether时,其前谓语动词 say/says/said →ask/asks/asked,say/says/said to sb→ask/asks/asked sb 例如:He said,"do you have a knife?"→He asked if/whether I had a knife. He asked ,"Have you ever been to the Great Wall?"他问,"你去过长城吗?" He asked (me) if /whether I had ever been to the Great Wall?他问我是否去过长城? ㈢转述特殊疑问句,去冒号和引号。用疑问词作连词(有词意,要作成分,不可省)引导宾语从句,改用陈述句语序,其后改用陈述句语序。从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。 注意:①当助动词为do/does/did时,改为宾语从句时应去掉,而在谓语动词上体现时态,但如为don't/doesn't/didn't时,则不能去掉。②当连词为疑问词时,其前谓语动词say/says/said →ask/asks/asked,say/says/said to sb→ask/asks/asked sb 例如: Li Lei said,"Why didn't he go to school?"→LiLei asked why he didn't go to school. She said:"Where are you from?" 她说:“你去哪里?” She asked (me) where I was from.她问我要去哪里。 ㈣转述祈使句或疑问形式的祈使句,通常改为"Sb ask/asks/asked/tell/tells/told/order /orders/ordered+宾语+不定式"的简单句。ask表"请求",tell表“吩咐”,order表“命令”例如: "Open the door." The teacher said.老师说:“把门打开”。 The teacher told me to open the door.老师要我把门打开。 "Would you please show me the book?"He said. 他说:"你能把书递给我吗?" He asked me to show him the book. 他要我把书递给他。 四、直接引语变间接引语不仅有人称、时态的变化,有时还要把物主代词、指示代词,时间状语、地点状语作相应的变化。变化列表如下: ①动词的时态:(时态为“主现从实,主过从相过”)引语前或后的主句谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词作如下调整: 一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时/一般过去时 一般将来时→过去将来时现在进行时→过去进行时 现在完成时→过去完成时过去完成时→过去完成时 注意:时态不变的情况:

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