雅思写作如何举例

雅思写作如何举例
雅思写作如何举例

在雅思考试中,大作文的写作取得高分的标准之一就是有理有据,所谓有理有据就是道理讲的清楚,例子用的合适。下面普得雅思和大家一起探讨一下举证的方法和技巧。

一、摆事实

摆事实是指在行文当中描述一些自己或者熟知的亲友的经历。这样做的主要目的是用一些细节向考官展示我们对语言的驾驭能力,同时,通过真人真事引起考官的共鸣。例如:First, ads disturb our life. Surely, we all have the experience that an insert of the information about a product often interrupts our pleasure of watching an exciting film on T.V, which makes us so annoyed that sometimes we have the impulse to call the T.V station to make a complaint。

What’s more annoying is that you have spent money on a newspaper, but you’ll find that most of the space in the newspaper is occupied by all kinds of disgusting ads about a medicine of dealing with sexual diseases, which has totally violated your previous desire of getting the news about what is happening。

二、列数字

实际上,大家看原汁原味的英文文章会发现很多作者会列举一些调查和研究成果来证明自己的观点。因为这样比较符合欧美国家人的习惯,在可信度上和摆事实具有异曲同工之妙。比如:

Ad is an effect way to develop economy. As is calculated by the Statistic Bureau of China, 80% of the products in China are promoted and marketed by ads, which has brought almost 20 billion incomes as the tax to the country。

Meanwhile, with the prosperity of ads industry, more job vacancies are created and more revenue is added to the GDP of China。

三、做引用

引用这个词,我们并不陌生,因为我们中国学生最擅长的就是引经据典。但是事实上,雅思考试当中,我们一般不引用名人名言,除非我们引用的是一个领域里面最顶尖的权威,是众所周知的人,比如孔子、亚里士多德、柏拉图等人的名言;或者经过证实了的,为大多数人认为是公理的名言,以及见诸于报纸和电视上的报道等。例如:

In recent time, more and more cases have been reported in newspaper and TV programs about the surprisingly increasing rate of children’s crimes. The situation has become so serious that it has aroused great concern of the whole community。

雅思写作方法之段落发展列举法

英语组织文章结构的三大原则是时间、空间和逻辑。时间原则指按事情发展的基本顺序来安排内容;空间原则是从视觉效果出发,按照事物、事情存在、发生和发展的空间顺序来安排内容;而逻辑原则是按照事物发展过程中的逻辑关系——从一般到个别、个别到一般、比较与对比、因与果、分类、问题与解决等来安排内容我。每一种逻辑关系又可以用不同的方式来进行组织。本文重点讨论“一般到个别”中“列举”的方式。 一般到个别(general-to-specific)也称为抽象到具体(abstract-to-concrete)的结构,是典型的西方文章结构,很多西方学者认为这是有别于东方螺旋型思维(spiraling)的直线型思维。按照这种结构组织的段落一般先就题目提出具有一般意义的论点(topic sentence),然后再以详细的阐述、分析或事例等论据来支持此观点。论据的组织方式又可分为列举(listing)和举例(exemplification).这种组织方式既适用于一篇文章,也适用于一个段落。如: Color-blind people have problems that people who perceive color never think about. Perhaps the greatest handicap of color-blind person is evident when they select occupations. For example, they cannot work as interior decorators, commercial photographers, painters, a irline pilots, or railroad engineers. The second problem is with traffic signs and signals. Those that are red-green colorblind have trouble seeing stop signs found on shady streets be cause they may not notice them against the leaves. In addition, they have trouble identifyin g signal lights and must memorize the position of the light to know which signal is being gi ven. And perhaps less of a problem is that of dressing. Those who are fashion-conscious avoi d brightly colored wardrobe so that they will not wear clashing colors. 这一段中采用列举加举例的方式。首句提出论点,主旨(the controlling idea)是“problems”,后面用三个方面来阐述,从the greatest handicap,到the second problem最后到less of a problem,三方面分别是occupation、traffic signs and signals和dressing.这三个方面之间也是按照从大到小,从最常见的到最少见的,而对于每一方面的支持和论证,作者又分别采用了举例和列举方式(for exampl e; in addition等)。 一般到个别的基本框架是: Topic sentence (main idea) Explanation/detail 1 Explanation/detail 2 Explanation/detail 3 1、2、3 之间又按照: The most general------the least general The most common------the least common The most popular------the least popular 对于在课堂教学中的使用,教师可以做具体的演示。如讨论是什么因素导致了交通堵塞。课上b rainstorming后得到以下论据:

雅思大作文的题目类型以及写作策应的不同

大作文的题目类型以及写作策应的不同 总体分为两种:说明文和议论文 说明文: it is / there is/ there are (it is true that many people eat junk food everyday.) 议论文:I think that there are too many junk foods in our society. I think = I believe = I hold the opinion that = my view is 说明文一般描述的是关于社会现象或者问题,包括了或者是一个趋势的优点或者是缺点,这类文章通常都是以描述为主,基于事实描述,比较客观,不代有任何的特殊性。就是一般我们这个社会都能够接受的论点。 议论文一般针对的是题目中的一个话题 (some people think),以及部分人对这个话题的想法(some people think, while others believe, 有些人认为。。。当另外一些人认为),然后要求你是不是同意或者是发表你自己的看法(I think this is correct/true; I disagree with this)。这类题目通常会在题目中引述一个观点,然后要求你针对那个观点,进行写作。议论文比较基于主观事实描述,一般来说,文章的主体是以为什么而展开,,作者需要通过解释,论证从而达到一个比较合理的能够具有说服力的一个层次。作者要展开自己的想法,并要通过论证,让读者认为你所写的是正确的,合理的。 议论文通常只有两种问法: To what extent do you agree or disagree?? (你从多大程度上同意这个观点) 》》》题目中一部分人只会提出对于某个问题所产生的一个看法。作者所要进行论证就是你是否同意这么一个看法 无论是采取同意的,还是不同意的写作手法,再论述的过程中必须从不同角度去验证你为什么同意或者不同意的理由。(正面论证,反面论证,假设论证,比较论证,例子论证,数据论证) 正面论证: computers are good for children. 比较论证:Dragon Palace has only one prawn for their prawn dumpling; while LIUFU has two prawns. 假设论证:Without computers, it is very hard for people to find information quickly.(如果没有电脑,人们找需要的信息将会是十分困难的) 例子论证: Bill Gates is a classic example about this. 数据论证: Around 55% people like the Yum Cha from LIUFU restaurant in Perth.

雅思写作:大作文如何举例子

雅思写作:大作文如何举例子 在英文写作中,逻辑关系至关重要。所以在实际教学中我们都会把逻辑关系作为一个很重要的内容来教授。这些逻辑关系主要涉及:并列或递进关系、让步或转折关系、因果关系和举例等。其中举例论证是一种很常用的论证方式,因为举例论证运用具体实例来论证观点,所以更具信服力,也更易于读者理解,因此受到作者及读者的普遍欢迎。下面朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家将通过它的连接方式与您共同探讨一下举例论证以 及如何举例子。 一、外显连接 所谓外显连接是指用特定的连接词将相关信息进行连接。通常情况下,例子作为论据由for example, for instance, like, such as, take… as 等引出。 如:it is undeniable that mobile phones have facilitated our lives in many different ways. For example, when an emergency occurs, such as a traffic accident or a violent crime, mobile phones can help the victims to call the police or an ambulance immediately for help. 本例中,for example 引出例子论证“mobile phones have facilitated our lives in many different ways.” 而后面的such as 则引出emergency 的具体形式。For instance 与它的用法完全相同,即后面要接句子例证。Like, such as, take…as 等直接名词(或相当于名词的词)。由于这些都是基本常识,这里不再赘述。 为了使连接词多样化,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生运用下面的一些短语(或句式)连接论点和论据:…is a case in point; …serve as a typical example;…can be taken as an example; one example is that… another one is that等。 如:Working part time when you are studying in university is beneficial to your life. I myself is a case in point(or …my experiences serve as a typical example?). Through those experiences, I have learned to be independent and responsible. 二、内化连接 实际上,大家看原汁原味的文英文文章会发现有些信息的连接不用外显式,而是通过某些特定的词或者特定的方式给读者以清晰的层次感,从而使文章信息传递更通畅。 下面我们来看一下哪些例证可以省去连接词,实现内化连接。 1、人物经历作例子

雅思写作的论证方法

雅思写作的论证方法 一方面,对于绝大多数考生而言,完成议论文正文的论证部分并不容易:他们的作文明显表现出论证单薄﹑内容空洞等问题。另一方面,写作的评分标准中有两项针对考生论证实力的检测,分别为写作任务的完成度和表达的连贯统一性。因此,如何全面掌握和正确使用各种论证方法是考生写作备考中亟待解决的问题。接下来介绍一些议论文的主要论证方法以及考生应该如何使用这些方法。 一.举例论证 举例论证是最有利于增强论述的可靠性与说服力的方法,同时,也是考官建议考生使用的。在雅思考题下方总会有这样一句话:“Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.” 1. 常见表达方式 ①关联词 优势:关联词能够较为方便的引出例子,主要是因为用这种方法引出的例子多是独立的句子,语法上的束缚少些。 关联词:as a proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate. ②句型 优势:句型引出例子,能够保证表达的书面度与学术性。但是在使用时,考生需要特别注意语法正确。 句型:A good case in point is that …. A typical example can be found in …. Take … for example. …, which may include …. 2. 使用注意事项 ①选择典型的例子

雅思大作文思路拓展举例

一、写作十大原则——开阔思路,言之有物 面对200多个雅思话题,考生感到困惑:全部准备,时间紧不切实际;不全部准备,心里不踏实。换言之,充分准备了“转基因食品”这个话题,并不意味着能写好“英语是否应该作为全球语言”这个话题。那么,我们该如何才能做到“以不变应万变”呢?通过对200多个雅思作文话题的深入研究,笔者独创了“写作十大原则”,旨在帮助雅思考生摆脱“无米下炊”的困境。下面简单介绍十大原则的由来,并结合2005年的部分考题详细讲解如何利用十大原则备战雅思写作。“写作十大原则”其实是笔者通过研究众多雅思写作话题的“共性”,归纳出来的万用观点。换句话说,是英语作文必备观点,属于“万金油”、“救命稻草”和“保底”类的观点。对已出现的作文考题稍作分析,笔者发现,尽管雅思作文话题多达数百题,不少话题的论据其实是类似,相近或者是相通的。例如,“奥运会的利弊”=“旅游业的利弊”,“送小孩读幼儿园”=“送孩子服兵役”,“政府该不该资助艺术 家”=“政府该不该投资艺术项目如音乐厅、博物馆等”。 “写作十大原则”包括以下方面:(1)ECONOMY (2) TIME AND EFFICIENCY (3)HEALTH (4) EDUCATION (5) EMOTION (6) PSYCHOLOGY (7) RIGHT (8) ENVIRONMENT (9)CULTURE (10) MORAL IT Y。大部分雅思话题的正反论据都涉及到“十大原则”中的其中几个方面。只要掌握了十大原则及其核心词汇,不管考试中遇到什么话题,都能够说出个所以然,不会出现思维短路现象,或者有感而发不出来。 下面我们结合上面提到的近期考题验证十大原则的高效性。 (1)经济原则(涉及的话题有:智商高的学生是否应该和智商一般的学生同班学习;大学开设的课程是实用为主还是以理论为主;中学毕业生是否应该直接上大学还是先出社会工作几年;教育应该具备那些功能;旅游业与传统文化保护;英语是否应该作为全球性语言;城市建筑是否应该保持传统风格;转基因食品;网络生活的利弊) (2)时间与效率原则(涉及的话题有:智商高的学生是否应该和智商一般的学生同班学习;大学开设的课程是实用为主还是以理论为主;中学毕业生是否应该直接上大学还是先出社会工作几年;英语是否应该作为全球性语言;转基因食品;网络生活的利弊) (3)健康原则(涉及的话题有:中学毕业生是否应该直接上大学还是先出社会工作几年;转基因食品;网络生活的利弊) (4)教育原则(涉及的话题有:智商高的学生是否应该和智商一般的学生同班学习;大学开设的课程是实用为主还是以理论为主;中学毕业生是否应该直接上大学还是先出社会工作几年;青少年犯罪问题;网络生活的利弊) (5)情感原则(涉及的话题有:是否应该鼓励中学生给老师打分;中学毕业生是否应该直接上大学还是先出社会工作几年;智商高的学生是否应该和智商一般的学生同班学习;青少

雅思写作如何举例子

雅思写作如何举例子 雅思考试作为国际语言考试,其中的写作部分让不少烤鸭头疼,在备考雅思阶段,要注意正确理解词汇语法和逻辑的重要性。下面就和大家分享雅思写作如何看待词汇语法和逻辑,来欣赏一下吧。 雅思写作如何用举例子的办法使自己的作文高大上 1、举例时紧扣*脉络 不论你在写作时想到了什么样惊天地泣鬼神的好例子,还是得记住‘合适’才是最后得分的关键。换句话说,例子一般是对上一段论点的展开,也有时是作为下一段批判的靶子,整体需要按照*顺序依次列出,这样考官才能看懂你的举例。 2、例子****尽可能丰富,维度多元 尽管中国的烤鸭们自熟谙引经据典,但是在雅思考试当中引用的例子却往往受限于亚里士多德、哥白尼等等英文*里常见的人物,其实来自中国古代的不少文化和传统也是可以加入其中的。 毕竟在举例论证的时候例子的多元化非常影响考官对你的 评分:正反论证是不是都有?古今中外的维度够不够深?例子的位

置是不是结合了刚才的论点?如果生硬的例子在逻辑上不通顺,那么还不如采用报纸和电视上的报道,切不可为举例而举例。 3、对模板范文中的例子加以改造,再去背诵 对于烤鸭们来说,范文的作用不仅是背诵,更是学习和超越:所以切不可将范文里的例子直接搬过来使用。一来那么多烤鸭都在复习考试,难免有人同样看过了这篇范文,甚至写了相似的例子;二来范文本身的例子是配合他的观点展开的,与你自己的写作不一定能好好结合。所以在非常不建议大家生搬硬套,影响自己的得分。 总之举例这种论证方法虽然好用,本质上还是对逻辑核心的补充,不可能改变论点上欠缺的东西。为了更好地拿分,你应该从论点展开时就开始构思举例论证的因果链,平时也可以多精读些雅思*,利用它们来学习改进。 雅思写作Task2社会类考官范文 When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Model Answer:

雅思写作课程作业

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第四节课 1 表格图25分钟 2 流程地图80分钟 5 大作文基本类型15分钟 作业:表格图1个,流程图1篇

第五节课 1 开头段55分钟 2 分论点提出方法55分钟 经济原则+身心健康+文化+时间效率+环境 3 引用法导入10分钟 作业:5个框架+开头段 开头段作业 1 Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge of skills needed in the workplace in the future. Others think that the true function of university is to give access to knowledge for its own sake. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 2 Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since computer technology is now replacing their functions. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 3 Students at schools and universities learn for more from lessons with teachers than from other sources. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 4 International travel sometimes makes people more prejudiced rather than board-minded. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? 5 Some people think that studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare for their future career. But others think that they should leave school as soon as possible to develop their career through work experience. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 第六节课 1 引用法论证25分钟

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雅思写作套句大全

雅思写作套句大全

雅思写作套句大全

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15句雅思写作框架 - 雅思写作真经总纲

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15句逻辑框架

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