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Chapter 1: Test

I. Multiple choices

1. A word is _______ of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.

A. a minimal free form

B. a smallest meaningful unit

C. an element which can not be further analyzed

D. a grammatically minimal form

2. Which of the following statements is Not correct?

A. A word can be formed by two free morphemes

B. A word can be formed by a free morpheme and a bound morpheme

C. A word can be formed by two bound morphemes

D. A word can be formed by any two affixes.

3. The symbolic connection of a word to a particular thing is almost always _______________.

A. logical

B. arbitrary

C. inherent

D. automatic

4. In different languages, the same concepts can be represented by different sounds, which shows __________.

A. the relationship between sound and meaning can not be established.

B. there are different logical relations between sound and meaning

C. the relation between sound and meaning is a matter of convention

D. the concepts are not really the same

5. The pronunciation of a language has changed more ______ than spelling over the years.

A. systematically

B. arbitrarily

C. logically

D. rapidly

6. The English alphabet was adopted from _______.

A. Anglo-Saxon

B. the Romans

C. Greek

D. Sanscrit

7. Words may fall into ___________.

A. the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency

B. content words and functional words by notion

C. native words and borrowed words by origin.

D. All of the above.

8. Functional words do _______ work of expression in English on average than content words.

A. far more

B. less

C. equal d. similar

9. Words of Anglo-Saxon origin are small in number amounting roughly_________.

A. 20,000 to 30,000

B. 50,000 to 60,000

C. 40,000 to 50,000

D. 70,000 to 80,000

10. It is estimated that English borrowings constitute ______of the modern English vocabulary.

A. 50 percent

B. 50 percent

C. 80 percent

D. 65 percent

II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

1. A dog is called a “dog” because the sound and the three letters that make up the word automatically suggest the animal in question.

2. A word is a smallest meaningful unit that has a sound unity and a grammatical function.

3. The written form of a language is the written record of the oral form, therefore the written form agrees with the oral form.

4. The speech of Old English was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today.

5. The early scribes created some of the differences between sounds and forms.

6. In English, even those spellings which appear to be irregular may have more regularity than we realize.

7. V ocabulary is a term that can only be used to refer to the total number of words in a language.

8. As the chief function of functional words is to express the relation between notions, the relation between words as well as between sentences, they are known as form words.

9. Native words of English are words brought to Britain because of the Norman Conquest, thus known as Anglo-Saxon words.

10.What is true of the basic word stock is also true of native words.

III. Define the following terms.

1. translation loans

2. Semantic loans

3. terminology

4. jargon

5. slang

IV. Answer the following questions.

1. Discuss the major characteristics of Basic word stock with examples.

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