2011年1月中美联合声明(英中文版)

U.S. - China Joint Statement

中美联合声明

1. At the invitation of President Barack Obama of the United States of America, President Hu Jintao of the People’s Republic of China is paying a state visit to the United States of America from January 18-21, 2011. During his visit, President Hu met with Vice President Joseph Biden, will meet with U.S. Congressional leadership, and will visit Chicago.

１．应美利坚合众国总统贝拉克?奥巴马邀请，中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛于二０一一年一月十八日至二十一日对美国进行国事访问。访问期间，胡主席会见了美国副总统约瑟夫?拜登，将会见美国国会领导人，并访问芝加哥。

2. The two Presidents reviewed the progress made in the relationship since President Obama’s November 2009 State Visit to China and reaffirmed their commitment to building a positive, cooperative, and comprehensive U.S. - China relationship for the 21st century, which serves the interests of the American and Chinese peoples and of the global community. The two sides reaffirmed that the three Joint Communiqués issued by the United States and China laid the political foundation for the relationship and will continue to guide the development of U.S. - China relations. The two sides reaffirmed respect for each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Presidents further reaffirmed their commitment to the November 2009 U.S. - China Joint Statement.

２．两国元首回顾了自奥巴马总统二００九年十一月对中国进行国事访问以来中美关系取得的进展，并重申致力于建设二十一世纪积极合作全面的中美关系，这符合两国人民和国际社会的利益。双方重申，中美三个联合公报为两国关系奠定了政治基础，并将继续指导两国关系的发展。双方重申尊重彼此主权和领土完整。两国元首还重申了对二００九年十一月《中美联合声明》的承诺。

3. The United States and China committed to work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit in order to promote the common interests of both countries and to address the 21st century's opportunities and challenges. The United States and China are actively cooperating on a wide range of security, economic, social, energy, and environmental issues which require deeper bilateral engagement and coordination. The two leaders agreed that broader and deeper collaboration with international partners and institutions is

required to develop and implement sustainable solutions and to promote peace, stability, prosperity, and the well-being of peoples throughout the world.

３．中美致力于共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的合作伙伴关系，以推进两国共同利益、应对二十一世纪的机遇和挑战。中美正在安全、经济、社会、能源、环境等广泛领域开展积极合作，需进一步深化双边接触与协调。两国领导人还一致认为，需要与国际伙伴和机构进行更加广泛、深入的合作，以形成和落实可持续的解决方案并促进世界和平、稳定、繁荣和各国人民的福祉。

Strengthening U.S. - China Relations 加强中美关系

4. Recognizing the importance of the common challenges that they face together, the United States and China decided to continue working toward a partnership that advances common interests, addresses shared concerns, and highlights international responsibilities. The two leaders recognize that the relationship between the United States and China is both vital and complex. The United States and China have set an example of positive and cooperative relations between countries, despite different political systems, historical and cultural backgrounds, and levels of economic development. The two sides agreed to work further to nurture and deepen bilateral strategic trust to enhance their relations. They reiterated the importance of deepening dialogue aimed at expanding practical cooperation and affirmed the need to work together to address areas of disagreement, expand common ground, and strengthen coordination on a range of issues.

４．鉴于两国面临重要的共同挑战，中美决定继续建设伙伴关系，以推进共同利益、处理共同关切、强调国际责任。两国领导人认识到，中美关系既重要又复杂。中美已成为不同政治制度、历史文化背景和经济发展水平的国家发展积极合作关系的典范。双方同意进一步努力培育和深化战略互信，以加强双边关系。双方重申要深化对话，拓展务实合作，确认需共同努力，处理分歧、扩大共识、加强在一系列问题上的协调。

5. The United States reiterated that it welcomes a strong, prosperous, and successful China that plays a greater role in world affairs. China welcomes the United States as an Asia-Pacific nation that contributes to peace, stability and prosperity in the region. Working together, both leaders support efforts to build a more stable, peaceful, and prosperous Asia-Pacific region for the 21st century.

５．美方重申，美方欢迎一个强大、繁荣、成功、在国际事务中发挥更大作用的中国。中方表示，欢迎美国作为一个亚太国家为本地区和平、稳定与繁荣做出努力。两国领导人支持通过合作努力建设二十一世纪更加稳定、和平、繁荣的亚太地区。

6. Both sides underscored the importance of the Taiwan issue in U.S. - China relations. The Chinese side emphasized that the Taiwan issue con cerns China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and expressed the hope that the U.S. side will honor its relevant commitments and appreciate and support the Chinese side’s position on this issue. The U.S. side stated that the United States follows its one China policy and abides by the principles of the three U.S.-China Joint Communiqués. The United States applauded the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait and welcomed the new lines of communications developing between them. The United States supports the peaceful development of relations across the Taiwan Strait and looks forward to efforts by both sides to increase dialogues and interactions in economic, political, and other fields, and to develop more positive and stable cross-Strait relations.

６．双方强调台湾问题在中美关系中的重要性。中方强调，台湾问题涉及中国主权和领土完整，希望美方信守有关承诺，理解并支持中方在此问题上的立场。美方表示奉行一个中国政策，遵守中美三个联合公报的原则。美方赞扬台湾海峡两岸《经济合作框架协议》，欢迎两岸间新的沟通渠道。美方支持两岸关系和平发展，期待两岸加强经济、政治及其他领域的对话与互动，建立更加积极稳定的关系。

7. The United States and China reiterated their commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights, even as they continue to have significant differences on these issues. The United States stressed that the promotion of human rights and democracy is an important part of its foreign policy. China stressed that there sh ould be no interference in any country’s internal affairs. The United States and China underscored that each country and its people have the right to choose their own path, and all countries should respect each other's choice of a development model. Addressing differences on human rights in a spirit of equality and mutual respect, as well as promoting and protecting human rights consistent with international instruments, the two sides agreed to hold the next round of the U.S.- C hina Human Rights Dialogue before the third round of the Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED).

７．双方重申，尽管两国在人权问题上仍然存在重要分歧，但双方都致力于促进和保护人权。美方强调，促进人权和民主是美国外交政策的重要组成部分。中方强调，不应干涉任何国家的内政。中美强调，各国及各国人民都有权选择自身发展道路，各国应相互尊重彼此选择的

发展模式。双方本着平等和相互尊重的精神处理人权问题上的分歧，按照国际文书促进和保护人权，并同意在第三轮中美战略与经济对话前举行下一轮中美人权对话。

8. The United States and China agreed to hold the next round of the resumed Legal Experts Dialogue before the next Human Rights Dialogue convenes. The United States and China further agreed to strengthen cooperation in the field of law and exchanges on the rule of law. The United States and China are actively exploring exchanges and discussions on the increasing role of women in society.

８．中美同意在下一轮人权对话前恢复举行法律专家对话。双方还同意将加强两国的法律合作和法治交流。两国正积极探讨关于加强妇女在社会中作用的交流和讨论。

9. The United States and China affirmed that a healthy, stable, and reliable military-to-military relationship is an essential part of President Obama’s and President Hu’s share d vision for a positive, cooperative, and comprehensive U.S.-China relationship. Both sides agreed on the need for enhanced and substantive dialogue and communication at all levels: to reduce misunderstanding, misperception, and miscalculation; to foster greater understanding and expand mutual interest; and to promote the healthy, stable, and reliable development of the military-to-military relationship. Both sides noted the successful visit of Secretary of Defense Robert Gates to China earlier this month, and that the United States welcomes Chief of the PLA General Staff General Chen Bingde to the United States in the first half of 2011. Both sides reaffirmed that the Defense Consultative Talks, the Defense Policy Coordination Talks, and the Military Maritime Consultative Agreement will remain important channels of communication in the future. Both sides will work to execute the seven priority areas for developing military-to-military relations as agreed to by Secretary Gates and General Xu Caihou, Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission in October 2009.

９．中美两国确认，一个健康、稳定、可靠的两军关系是胡锦涛主席和奥巴马总统关于积极合作全面中美关系共识的重要组成部分。双方一致认为，有必要加强各层次的实质性对话和沟通，以减少误解、误读、误判，增进了解，扩大共同利益，推动两军关系健康稳定可靠发展。双方注意到美国国防部长罗伯特?盖茨本月早些时候对中国进行了成功访问，美方欢迎中国人民解放军总参谋长陈炳德上将于二０一一年上半年访问美国。双方重申，中美国防部防务磋商、国防部工作会晤、海上军事安全磋商机制未来将继续作为两军对话的重要渠道。双方表示，将继续推动二００九年十月中国中央军委副主席徐才厚上将与美国国防部长盖茨就发展两军关系达成的七项共识得到落实。

10. The United States and China agreed to take specific actions to deepen dialogue and exchanges in the field of space. The United States invited a Chinese delegation to visit NASA headquarters and other appropriate NASA facilities in 2011 to reciprocate for the productive visit of the U.S. NASA Administrator to China in 2010. The two sides agreed to continue discussions on opportunities for practical future cooperation in the space arena, based on principles of transparency, reciprocity, and mutual benefit.

１０．中美同意采取具体行动，深化在航天领域的对话和交流。美方邀请中方代表团于二０一一年访问美国国家航空航天局总部和其他合适的设施，以作为对美国国家航空航天局长二０一０年对中国富有成果的访问的回访。双方同意继续在透明、对等、互利的基础上讨论在航天领域开展务实合作的机会。

11. The United States and China acknowledged the accomplishments under the bilateral Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology, one of the longest-standing bilateral agreements between the two countries, and welcomed the signing of its extension. The United States and China will continue to cooperate in such diverse areas as agriculture, health, energy, environment, fisheries, student exchanges, and technological innovation in order to advance mutual well-being.

１１．《中美科技合作协定》是两国最早签署的双边协定之一，双方认可在该协定框架下取得的成果并欢迎签署该协定延期议定书。中美将继续在农业、卫生、能源、环境、渔业、学生交流、技术创新等广泛领域进行合作，以增进双方福祉。

12. The United States and China welcomed progress by the U.S.-China Joint Liaison Group on Law Enforcement Cooperation (JLG) to strengthen law enforcement cooperation across a range of issues, including counterterrorism. The United States and China also agreed to enhance joint efforts to combat corruption through bilateral and other means.

１２．中美双方欢迎中美执法合作联合联络小组在反恐等诸多领域加强执法合作取得的进展。双方同意通过双边和其他途径加强反腐败合作。

Promoting High-Level Exchanges 促进高层交往

13. The two sides agreed that high-level exchanges are indispensable to strong U.S.-China relations, and that close, frequent, and in-depth dialogue is important to advance bilateral relations and international peace and development. In this spirit, both Presidents look forward to meeting again in the coming year, including in the state of Hawaii for the U.S.-hosted 2011 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders’ meeting. China welcomed Vice President Biden for a visit in 2011. The United States welcomed a subsequent visit by Vice President Xi Jinping.

１３．双方认为，强有力的中美关系离不开高层交往，密切、频繁、深入的对话对推进双边关系以及国际和平与发展十分重要。本着这一精神，两国元首期待在二０一一年再次会面，包括在美国夏威夷州举办的亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议期间会晤。中方欢迎拜登副总统于二０一一年访华。美方欢迎习近平副主席此后访美。

14. The two sides praised the S&ED as a key mechanism for coordination between the two governments, and agreed to hold the third round of the S&ED in Washington, D.C., in May 2011. The S&ED has played an important role in helping build trust and confidence between the two countries. The two sides also agreed to hold the second meeting of the High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchange in the United States in the spring of 2011, and the 22nd meeting of the U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) in China in the second half of 2011. The two sides agreed to maintain close communication between the foreign ministers of the two countries through mutual visits, meetings, and other means.

１４．双方积极评价中美战略与经济对话这一两国政府间十分重要的协调机制，同意二０一一年五月在华盛顿举行第三轮对话。战略与经济对话在帮助两国建立互信方面发挥了重要作用。双方还同意二０一一年春在美国举行第二轮中美人文交流高层磋商，二０一一年下半年在中国举行第二十二届中美商贸联委会。双方同意两国外长通过互访、会晤等方式保持密切沟通。

15. The two sides emphasized the importance of continued interaction between their legislatures, including institutionalized exchanges between the National People’s Congress of China and the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.

１５．双方强调两国议会继续保持交往的重要性，包括中国全国人民代表大会与美国参议院和众议院之间的机制化交流。

Addressing Regional and Global Challenges应对地区和全球挑战

16. The two sides believe that the United States and China have a common interest in promoting peace and security in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond, and agreed to enhance communication and coordination to address pressing regional and global challenges. The two sides undertake to act to protect the global environment and to work in concert on global issues to help safeguard and promote the sustainable development of all countries and peoples. Specifically, the United States and China agreed to advance cooperation to: counter violent extremism; prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, other weapons of mass destruction, and their means of delivery; strengthen nuclear security; eliminate infectious disease and hunger; end extreme poverty; respond effectively to the challenge of climate change; counter piracy; prevent and mitigate disasters; address cyber-security; fight transnational crime; and combat trafficking in persons. In coordination with other parties, the United States and China will endeavor to increase cooperation to address common concerns and promote shared interests.

１６．双方认为，中美两国在促进亚太及其他地区和平安全方面拥有共同利益，同意加强沟通与协调，应对紧迫的地区和全球挑战。双方致力于采取行动保护全球环境，在全球性问题上协调合作，维护和促进各国及各国人民的可持续发展。具体而言，中美同意在下述领域增进合作：应对暴力极端主义，防止核武器扩散、其他大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的扩散，加强核安全，消除传染性疾病和饥饿，消灭极端贫困，有效应对气候变化挑战，打击海盗，预防和减少灾害，应对网络安全问题，打击跨国犯罪，打击贩卖人口。中美将与其他各方一道，努力加强合作，应对共同关切、促进共同利益。

17. The United States and China underlined their commitment to the eventual realization of a world without nuclear weapons and the need to strengthen the international nuclear non-proliferation regime to address the threats of nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism. In this regard, both sides support early entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), reaffirmed their support for the early commencement of negotiations on a Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty in the Conference on Disarmament, and agreed to work together to reach these goals. The two sides also noted their deepening cooperation on nuclear security following the Washington Nuclear Security Summit and signed a Memorandum of Understanding that will help establish a Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security in China.

１７．中美强调致力于最终实现无核武器世界，强调需要加强国际核不扩散体系以应对核扩散和核恐怖主义等威胁。在此方面，双方支持《全面禁止核试验条约》尽早生效，重申支持日内瓦裁谈会尽早启动“禁止生产核武器用裂变材料条约”谈判，并愿为此进行合作。双方

注意到在华盛顿核安全峰会后中美在核安全领域合作深化，签署了关于在华建立核安保示范中心的谅解备忘录。

18. The United States and China agreed on the critical importance of maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula as underscored by the Joint Statement of September 19, 2005 and relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. Both sides expressed concern over heightened tensions on the Peninsula triggered by recent developments. The two sides noted their continuing efforts to cooperate closely on matters concerning the Peninsula. The United States and China emphasized the importance of an improvement in North-South relations and agreed that sincere and constructive inter-Korean dialogue is an essential step. Agreeing on the crucial importance of denuclearization of the Peninsula in order to preserve peace and stability in Northeast Asia, the United States and China reiterated the need for concrete and effective steps to achieve the goal of denuclearization and for full implementation of the other commitments made in the September 19, 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks. In this context, the United States and China expressed concern regarding the DPRK’s claimed uranium enrichment program. Both sides oppose all activities inconsistent with the 2005 Joint Statement and relevant international obligations and commitments. The two sides called for the necessary steps that would allow for early resumption of the Six-Party Talks process to address this and other relevant issues.

１８．中美一致认为，正如六方会谈“九?一九”共同声明和联合国安理会相关决议所强调，保持朝鲜半岛和平稳定至关重要。双方对近期事态发展导致半岛局势紧张表示关切。双方注意到两国在半岛问题上保持了密切合作。中美强调改善半岛南北关系的重要性，都认为朝韩开展真诚和建设性对话是非常重要的一步。鉴于半岛无核化对维护东北亚地区和平与稳定至关重要，中美双方重申，有必要采取切实有效步骤实现无核化目标，并全面落实六方会谈“九?一九”共同声明中的其他承诺。在此背景下，中美对朝鲜宣称的铀浓缩计划表示关切。双方反对所有违反六方会谈“九?一九”共同声明和相关国际义务和承诺的活动。双方呼吁采取必要步骤，以尽早重启六方会谈进程，解决这一问题及其他相关问题。

19. On the Iranian nuclear issue, the United States and China reiterated their commitment to seeking a comprehensive and long-term solution that would restore international confidence in the exclu sively peaceful nature of Iran’s nuclear program. Both sides agreed that Iran has the right to peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the Non-Proliferation Treaty and that Iran should fulfill its due international obligations under that treaty. Both sides called for full implementation of all relevant UN Security Council Resolutions. The United States and China welcomed and will actively

participate in the P5+1 process with Iran, and stressed the importance of all parties – including Iran – committing to a constructive dialogue process.

１９．中美重申，将致力于寻求全面长期解决伊朗核问题的办法，以重建国际社会对于伊朗核计划仅限于和平目的的信心。双方同意伊朗根据《不扩散核武器条约》拥有和平利用核能的权利，同时伊朗也应履行该条约规定的相应国际义务。双方呼吁全面执行联合国安理会所有有关决议。双方欢迎并将积极参与六国与伊朗进程，强调包括伊朗在内的各方应致力于建设性的对话进程。

20. Regarding Sudan, the United States and China agreed to fully support the North-South peace process, including full and effective implementation of Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The two sides stressed the need for all sides to respect the result of a free, fair, and transparent referendum. Both the United States and China expressed concern on the Darfur issue and believed that further, substantive progress should be made in the political process in Darfur to promote the early, comprehensive, and appropriate solution to this issue. Both the United States and China have a continuing interest in the maintenance of peace and stability in the wider region.

２０．双方同意全力支持苏丹北南和平进程，包括全面有效落实《全面和平协议》。双方强调各方应尊重自由、公平和透明的公投结果。中美双方对达尔富尔问题表示关注，认为应推动达尔富尔地区政治进程取得进一步实质性进展，以促进该问题早日得到全面妥善解决。整个地区继续保持和平稳定符合中美双方利益。

21. The two sides agreed to enhance communication and coordination in the Asia-Pacific region in a spirit of mutual respect and cooperation, and to work together with other Asia-Pacific countries, including through multilateral institutions, to promote peace, stability, and prosperity.

２１．双方同意，本着相互尊重和合作的精神加强在亚太地区的沟通和协调，并通过多边机构等渠道和其他亚太国家一道促进和平、稳定与繁荣。

Building a Comprehensive and Mutually Beneficial Economic Partnership

建设全面互利的经济伙伴关系

22. President Obama and President Hu recognized the vital importance of working together to build a cooperative economic partnership of mutual respect and mutual benefit to both countries and to the global economy. The two leaders agreed to promote comprehensive economic cooperation,

and will develop further a framework of comprehensive economic cooperation, relying on existing mechanisms, by the third round of the S&ED in May, based on the main elements outlined below:

２２．胡锦涛主席和奥巴马总统认识到共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的经济合作伙伴关系对两国和世界经济极其重要。两国领导人同意推进全面经济合作，并将依托现有对话机制，基于以下要素，到将于今年五月举行的第三轮中美战略与经济对话时进一步确立全面经济合作框架。

23. The two sides agreed to strengthen macroeconomic communication and cooperation, in support of strong, sustainable and balanced growth in the United States, China and the global economy:

?The United States will focus on reducing its medium-term federal deficit and ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability, and will maintain vigilance against excess volatility in exchange rates. The Federal Reserve has taken important steps in recent years to increase the clarity of its communications regarding its outlook and longer run objectives.

?China will intensify efforts to expand domestic demand, to promote private investment in the service sector, and to give greater play to the fundamental role of the market in resource allocation. China will continue to promote RMB exchange rate reform and enhance RMB exchange rate flexibility, and promote the transformation of its economic development model.

?Both sides agree to continue to pursue forward-looking monetary policies with due regards to the ramifications of those policies for the international economy.

?The two sides affirmed support for efforts by European leaders to reinforce market stability and promote sustainable, long-term growth.

２３．为推进中美两国和世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长，双方同意加强宏观经济政策沟通与合作：

（１）美国将重点减少中期联邦赤字，确保长期财政可持续性，并对汇率过度波动保持警惕。美联储近年来已采取重要步骤增强其传递未来展望和长期目标的清晰度。

（２）中国将继续加大力度扩大内需，促进服务部门的私人投资，更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用。中国将继续坚持推进人民币汇率形成机制改革，增强人民币汇率弹性，转变经济发展方式。

（３）双方同意继续实施前瞻性货币政策并关注其对国际经济的影响。

两国支持欧洲领导人为增强市场稳定性和促进可持续长期增长所做出的努力。

24. The two countries, recognizing the importance of open trade and investment in fostering economic growth, job creation, innovation, and prosperity, affirmed their commitment to take further steps to liberalize global trade and investment, and to oppose trade and investment protectionism. The two sides also agreed to work proactively to resolve bilateral trade and investment disputes in a constructive, cooperative, and mutually beneficial manner.

２４．双方认识到开放的贸易和投资对促进经济增长、创造就业、创新和繁荣的重要意义，重申将采取进一步措施推进全球贸易和投资自由化，反对贸易和投资保护主义。双方也同意愿本着建设性、合作性和互利性的态度，积极解决双边贸易和投资争端。

25. The two leaders emphasized their strong commitment to direct their negotiators to engage in across-the-board negotiations to promptly bring the WTO Doha Development Round to a successful, ambitious, comprehensive, and balanced conclusion, consistent with the mandate of the Doha Development Round and built on the progress already achieved. The two sides agreed that engagement between our representatives must intensify and expand in order to complete the end game.

２５．两国领导人强调将指示其谈判代表进行跨领域的谈判，在维护世界贸易组织多哈发展回合授权、锁定已有成果的基础上，促使多哈回合谈判尽快取得成功、富有雄心、全面和平衡的结果。双方同意加强和扩大两国谈判代表的参与度以完成谈判。

26. The two leaders agreed on the importance of achieving a more balanced trade relationship, and spoke highly of the progress made on this front, including at the recent 21st Meeting of the JCCT in Washington, D.C.

２６．两国领导人同意实现更加平衡的贸易关系的重要性，并高度赞扬包括近期在华盛顿举行的第二十一届中美商贸联委会在此方面取得的进展。

27. China will continue to strengthen its efforts to protect IPR, including by conducting audits to ensure that government agencies at all levels use legitimate software and by publishing the auditing results as required by China’s law. China will not link its innovation policies to the provision of government procurement preferences. The United States welcomed China’s agreement to submit a

robust, second revised offer to the WTO Government Procurement Committee before the Committee’s final meeting in 2011, which will include sub-central entities.

２７．中方将坚持保护知识产权，包括进行审计以确保各级政府机关使用正版软件，并依法公布审计结果。中国的创新政策与提供政府采购优惠不挂钩。美方欢迎中方同意在世界贸易组织政府采购委员会二０一一年最后一次会议前提交一份强有力的新的修改出价，其中包括次中央实体。

28. The two leaders acknowledged the importance of fostering open, fair, and transparent investment environments to their domestic economies and to the global economy and reaffirmed their commitment to the ongoing bilateral investment treaty (BIT) negotiations, recognizing that a successful BIT negotiation would support an open global economy by facilitating and protecting investment, and enhancing transparency and predictability for investors of both countries. China welcomed the United States’ commitment to consult through the JCCT in a cooperative manner to work towards China’s Market Economy Status in an expeditious manner. China welcomed discussion between the two sides on the ongoing reform of the U.S. export control system, and its potential implications for U.S. exports to its major trading partners, including China, consistent with U.S. national security interests.

２８．两国领导人认识到培育开放、公平和透明的投资环境对两国经济和世界经济的重要性，重申双方继续致力于推进双边投资协定谈判。双方认识到成功的双边投资协定谈判将通过促进和保护投资，为双方投资者增强透明度和可预见性，支持开放的全球经济。中方欢迎美方承诺通过中美商贸联委会以一种合作的方式迅速承认中国市场经济地位。中方欢迎中美双方讨论美国正在推进的出口管制体系改革，以及在符合美国国家安全利益的前提下这一改革对美向包括中国在内的主要贸易伙伴出口的潜在影响。

29. The two sides further acknowledged the deep and robust nature of the commercial relationship, including the contracts concluded at this visit, and welcomed the mutual economic benefits resulting from the relationship.

２９．双方进一步认识到双边商贸关系广阔和强有力的特点，包括此访所达成的合同，双方欢迎双边商贸关系经济上的互利性。

30. The two sides agreed to continue working to make concrete progress on the bilateral economic relationship through the upcoming S&ED and the JCCT process.

３０．双方同意继续通过将要举行的中美战略与经济对话、中美商贸联委会等进程致力于推进双边经济关系取得具体进展。

31. The United States and China recognized the potential for their firms to play a positive role in the infrastructure development in each country and agreed to strengthen cooperation in this area.

３１．双方认识到企业在两国基础设施建设中发挥积极作用的潜力，并愿加强在这一领域的合作。

32. The two countries committed to deepen bilateral and multilateral cooperation on financial sector investment and regulation, and support open environments for investment in financial services and cross-border portfolio investment, consistent with prudential and national security requirements. The United States is committed to ensuring that the GSEs have sufficient capital and the ability to meet their financial obligations.

３２．双方承诺深化在金融部门投资和监管领域的双边和多边合作，在符合审慎监管并与国家安全要求一致的情况下，支持为金融服务和跨境证券投资领域营造开放的投资环境。美方承诺确保“政府支持企业”具有足够资本和能力以履行其财务责任。

33. The United States and China agree that currencies in the SDR basket should only be those that are heavily used in international trade and financial transactions. In that regard, the United States supports China’s efforts over time to promote inclusion of the RMB in the SDR basket.

３３．中美双方认同纳入特别提款权的货币应仅为在国际贸易和国际金融交易中广泛使用的货币。鉴此，美方支持中方逐步推动将人民币纳入特别提款权的努力。

34. The two countries pledged to work together to strengthen the global financial system and reform the international financial architecture. The two sides will continue their strong cooperation to strengthen the legitimacy and improve the effectiveness of the International Monetary Fund and Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs). The two sides will jointly promote efforts of the international community to assist developing countries, in particular the Least Developed Countries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The two sides will also, in partnership with the Multilateral Development Banks, explore cooperation that supports global poverty reduction and development, and regional integration including in Africa, to contribute to inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

３４．双方承诺致力于加强全球金融体系和改革国际金融框架。双方将继续强有力的合作以提高国际货币基金组织和多边开发银行的合法性和有效性。为实现联合国千年发展目标，双方将共同促进国际社会援助发展中国家、特别是最不发达国家的努力。双方还将与多边开发银行协作，寻求合作支持包括非洲在内的全球减贫、发展和区域一体化，为包容和可持续的经济增长做出贡献。

35. The two countries reiterated their support for the G-20 Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth and reaffirmed their commitments made in the Seoul Summit Declaration, including using the full range of policies to strengthen the global recovery and to reduce excessive imbalances and maintain current account imbalances at sustainable levels. The two sides support a bigger role for the G-20 in international economic and financial affairs, and pledged to strengthen communication and coordination to follow through on the commitments of the G-20 summits and push for positive outcomes at the Cannes Summit.

３５．双方重申支持二十国集团强劲、可持续和平衡增长框架，重申在二十国集团首尔峰会公报中的承诺，包括采取一系列措施巩固全球经济复苏、减少过度外部失衡并将经常账户失衡保持在可持续水平。双方支持二十国集团在国际经济和金融事务中发挥更大作用，并承诺加强沟通协调，落实二十国集团峰会承诺，推动戛纳峰会取得积极成果。

Cooperating on Climate Change, Energy and the Environment 气候变化、能源和环境合作

36. The two sides view climate change and energy security as two of the greatest challenges of our time. The United States and China agreed to continue their close consultations on action to address climate change, coordinate to achieve energy security for our peoples and the world, build on existing clean energy cooperation, ensure open markets, promote mutually beneficial investment in climate friendly energy, encourage clean energy, and facilitate advanced clean energy technology development.

３６．双方认为气候变化和能源安全是当今时代两大重要挑战。中美同意继续就应对气候变化行动进行密切磋商，为实现两国和世界人民的能源安全而开展协调，加强现有清洁能源合作，确保市场开放，在气候友好型能源领域推动互利投资，鼓励清洁能源，推动先进清洁能源技术开发。

37. Both sides applauded the progress made in clean energy and energy security since the launch of the U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center, Renewable Energy Partnership, U.S.-China Joint Statement on Energy Security Cooperation, and Energy Cooperation Program (ECP). Both sides

reaffirmed their ongoing exchanges on energy policy and cooperation on oil, natural gas (including shale gas), civilian nuclear energy, wind and solar energy, smart grid, advanced bio-fuels, clean coal, energy efficiency, electric vehicles and clean energy technology standards.

３７．双方积极评价中美清洁能源研究中心、可再生能源伙伴关系、《中美能源安全合作联合声明》和中美能源合作项目启动以来两国在清洁能源和能源安全领域合作取得的进展。双方重申继续就能源政策进行交流，在石油、天然气（包括页岩气）、民用核能、风能和太阳能、智能电网、先进生物燃料、清洁煤、能效、电动汽车及清洁能源技术标准等领域进行合作。

38. The two sides commended the progress made since the launch of the U.S.-China Ten Year Framework on Energy and Environment Cooperation (TYF) in 2008. They agreed to further strengthen practical cooperation under the TYF, carry out action plans in the priority areas of water, air, transportation, electricity, protected areas, wetlands, and energy efficiency, engage in policy dialogues, and implement the EcoPartnerships program. The United States and China were also pleased to announce two new EcoPartnerships. The two sides welcomed local governments, enterprises, and research institutes of the two countries to participate in the TYF, and jointly explore innovative models for U.S.-China energy and environment cooperation. The two sides welcomed the cooperation projects and activities which will be carried out in 2011 under the TYF.

３８．双方积极评价《中美能源和环境十年合作框架》自二００八年启动以来取得的进展。双方同意在该框架下进一步加强务实合作，落实水、大气、交通、电力、保护区和湿地、能效等优先领域的行动计划，开展政策对话，实施绿色合作伙伴计划。双方高兴地宣布两个新的绿色合作伙伴计划。双方欢迎两国地方政府、企业、研究机构参与十年合作框架，共同探索中美能源环境合作的创新模式。双方对根据十年合作框架将于二０一一年开展的合作项目和活动表示欢迎。

39. The two sides welcomed the Cancun agreements and believed that it is important that efforts to address climate change also advance economic and social development. Working together and with other countries, the two sides agreed to actively promote the comprehensive, effective, and sustained implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, including the implementation of the Cancun agreements and support efforts to achieve positive outcomes at this year’s conference in South Africa.

３９．双方对坎昆协议表示欢迎，认为应对气候变化的努力也应促进经济社会发展。双方同意与其他国家一道，积极推动《联合国气候变化框架公约》的全面、有效、持续落实，包括落实坎昆协议，并支持今年的南非会议达成积极成果。

Expanding People-to-People Exchanges

扩展人文交流

40. The United States and China have long supported deeper and broader people-to-people ties as part of a larger effort to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. Both sides agreed to take concrete steps to enhance these people-to-people exchanges. Both sides noted with satisfaction the successful Expo 2010 Shanghai, and the Chinese side complimented the United States on its USA Pavilion. The two sides announced the launch of a U.S.-China Governors Forum and decided to further support exchanges and cooperation at local levels in a variety of fields, including support for the expansion of the sister province and city relationships. The United States and China also agreed to take concrete steps to strengthen dialogue and exchanges between their young people, particularly through the 100,000 Strong Initiative. The United States warmly welcomes more Chinese students in American educational institutions, and will continue to facilitate visa issuance for them. The two sides agreed to discuss ways of expanding cultural interaction, including exploring a U.S.-China cultural year event and other activities. The two sides underscored their commitment to further promoting and facilitating increased tourism. The United States and China agreed that all these activities help deepen understanding, trust, and cooperation.

４０．中美两国一贯支持开展更加广泛深入的人文交流，这也是双方建设相互尊重、互利共赢中美合作伙伴关系努力的一部分。双方同意采取切实步骤加强人文交流。双方满意地注意到，二０一０年上海世博会取得成功，中方对美国馆的成功展示向美方表示祝贺。双方宣布建立中美省州长论坛，决定进一步支持两国地方各级在一系列领域开展交流合作，包括增强友好省州和友好城市关系。中美还同意采取切实措施，特别是通过“十万人留学中国计划”，加强两国青年之间的对话与交流。美方热忱欢迎更多中国学生赴美留学，并将继续为他们提供签证便利。双方同意讨论扩大文化交流的途径，包括探讨举办中美文化年及其他活动。双方强调将进一步推动相互旅游并为此提供便利。双方认为，所有上述活动都有助于深化了解、互信与合作。

Conclusion结语

41. President Hu Jintao expressed his thanks to President Obama and the American people for their warm reception and hospitality during his visit. The two Presidents agreed that the visit has furthered U.S.-China relations, and both sides resolved to work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit. The two Presidents shared a deep belief

that a stronger U.S.-China relationship not only serves the fundamental interests of their respective peoples, but also benefits the entire Asia-Pacific region and the world.

４１．胡锦涛主席感谢奥巴马总统和美国人民在他访问期间给予的热情款待。中美两国元首认为，此访进一步推进了两国关系，双方决心共同努力建设相互尊重、互利共赢的合作伙伴关系。两国元首均深信，一个更加强有力的中美关系不仅符合两国人民的根本利益，也有利于整个亚太地区乃至全世界。

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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语词汇表 A a (an) art. 一（个、件……） abandon v. 放弃，抛弃 ability n. 能力；才能 able a. 能够；有能力的 abnormal a. 不正常的 aboard prep. 在（或上）船，飞机，火车等 abolish v. 废除 abortion n. 流产 about ad. 大约；到处；四处prep. 关于；在各处；四处above prep. 在……上面a. 上面的ad. 在……之上abroad ad. 到（在）国外 abrupt a. 突然的，不连贯的 absence n. 不在，缺席 absent a. 缺席，不在 absolute a. 绝对的 absorb v. 吸收 abstract a. & n. 抽象（的） absurd a. 荒谬的 abundant a. 丰富的 abuse v.滥用，虐待 academic a. & n. 学校的，学术的 academy n. 专科院校 accelerate v. 加快 accent n. 口音，音调 accept vt. 接受 access n. & v. 接近，进入 accessible a. 可接近的，可使用的 accident n. 事故，意外的事 accommodation n. 住宿，调节 accompany v. 陪伴 accomplish v. 完成，实现 account n. 账目；描述 accountant n. 会计师 accumulate v. 积累 accuracy n. 精确 accurate a. 精确 accuse v. 控告 accustomed a. 通常的，习惯的 ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛 achieve vt. 达到，取得第 1 页共74 页

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精心整理2011年考研英语(一)阅读真题全文翻译及答案（七绝俗手版） 2011-01-16 21-25CBDBA Text1 ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthet alkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Fort

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