342英语A复习资料【zj】

342英语A复习资料【zj】
342英语A复习资料【zj】

牛津英语资料一、单词词组

二、问题

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新编英语语法教程 复习资料

1.主谓一致 主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。 指导原则 语法一致 语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致 eg. A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式) 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则. Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. (主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式) 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则. 意义一致和就近原则 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。 补充解释和例句见书P22 就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 常出现在这类句子中的连词有:or, either…or…,neither…nor …,not only…but also …等. 例句见书P23 英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。如: (1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room. 他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。 There are five chairs and a desk in his room. 他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。 (2) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there. 要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。 Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there 是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去 结尾的名词作主语 以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 以-ics结尾的学科名称 以-s结尾的地理名称 其他以-s结尾的名词 以集合名词作主语 通常作复数的集体名词 见书P27 【注】goods(货物), clothes(衣服)只有复数形式,且只表示复数意义: Such clothes are very cheap. 那样的衣服很便宜。 All the goods have been sent to them. 所有的货物都给他们送去了。 通常作不可数名词的集体名词 clothing(衣服),poetry(诗歌),baggage / luggage(行李), furniture(家具),machinery(机械),scenery(景色),jewelry(珠宝),equipment(设备)等集合名词通常只用作不可数名词,表示单数意义,用作主语时,其后谓语动词用单数形式。 既可做单数也可作复数的集体名词 family(家庭),team(队,队员),class(班,班上的全体学生),crowd(人群),government(政府),crew(乘务员),committee(委员会),audience(听众),public(公众)等集合名词,当它们表示整体意义时,表单数意义,当它们强调个体意义时,表示复数意义。 【注】有时没有特定的语境,用单复数谓语均可以:

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英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. :who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如): 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

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【经典】资料大全:英语学习_英语语法基础知识_必备

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英语语法基础知识大全

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不可数名词 物质名词:不能分为个体的物质,通常为气体、液体,如:water, gas, air 抽象名词:不具体,看不见,莫不着的事物,如:advice, information 动词 Verb (v.) 实义动词/行为动词(具体动作的发出 ) 及物动词(vt.):需要带宾语的动词,即:该类词后必须有名词、代词等可以作宾语的词,如:finish tasks, run(经营) a company, read a novel 不及物动词(vi.):不需要带宾语的的动词,即:该类词后没有名词、代词等可以作宾语的词,如:He(主) runs(谓) quickly(状). 若要在不及物动词后接宾语,则需要加上相关介词,如:They arrived in London at 9 p.m. 情态动词 表示说话人语气和态度的词:can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, need, ought to, dare。其后的动词用原形,“情动+动原”一起构成句子的谓语。 助动词 帮助构成时态、语态或改变句子结构的动词,如:be(am, is, are, was, were), have(has, had), do, does, did等。 第二部分 1.as...as...引导的比较级: (1)“as +形容词或副词原级+as+被比较对象”结构。例句: He studies as hard as you. 他像你一样学习努力。 (2)在否定句或疑问句中可用 not so…as…. 例句:He can notrun so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 2.only引导的倒装句型:only +状语 (或状语从句)位于句首时,句子部分倒装。 例句: Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed inlife. 只有勤奋、正直,一个人在生活中才能成功。 注意:但 only修饰主语时,不倒装。例句: Onlythat girl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。 3.wish引导的虚拟语气:wish 后面的从句,当表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时,其宾语从句的动词形式为: ⑴表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式表示,be 的过去式用were. I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道。) ⑵表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词用had +过去分词。

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2011—2012学年度第2学期课程考试 试题纸(第 1 页 共 8 页) 2011—2012学年度第2学期课程考试 试题纸(第2页 共 8 页) 武汉信息传播职业技术学院 大学英语II 课程考试试题纸 课程名称: 大学英语II ( A 卷) 考试方式: 闭卷 印刷份数: 2500份 系(部): 英语系 任课教师: 英语系教师 专业班级: 11级所有非英语专业班级 题 号 I 10 II 10 III 10 IV 40 V 15 VI 15 总分 100 阅卷 教师 得 分 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 各位考生请注意:听力14:10开始,调频85Hz. I. Listening Comprehension ( 10 points, 1 point for each) Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A. He didn ’t like that computer. B. He didn ’t find what he liked. C. The price of the computer was too high. D. That type of computer was sold out. 2. A. Go to a lecture. B. Go to a concert. C. Go shopping. D. Go sightseeing. 3. A. Write a letter for the woman. B. Take the woman to the office. C. Drive the woman home. D. Finish the report for the woman. 4. A. She was tired of reading it. B. She liked it very much. C. She didn ’t think much it. D. She wasn ’t interested in it. 5. A. When he can receive the order. B. What the order number is. C. When he should send the order. D. What ’s wrong with the order. Section B Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded 得 分 questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Conversation 1 6. A. Three weeks ago. B. Last month. C. Last week. D. Last Monday. 7. A. Install more machines. B. Test the machines. C. Buy more machines. D. Sell the machines. Conversation 2 8. A. Sightseeing around the city. B. Attending a meeting. C. Shopping in the city. D. Giving a party. 9. A. This afternoon. B. This evening. C. Tomorrow morning. D. Tomorrow afternoon. 10. A. At the party. B. At the meeting. C. In the office. D. In the hotel. II. Find the right definition in Column B that matches the words and phrases in Column A. ( 10 points, 1 point for each) Column A Column B 11. liven up a. to observe with ceremonies of respect or rejoicing 12. attempt to b. a center if interest or activity 13. bring about c. try to do 14. household d. answer, reaction 15. focus e. to become lively 16. predict f. commonly known, familiar 17. celebrate g. recognize the difference between two things 18. distinguish h. to cause to happen 19. response i. separate, split or break into parts 20. divide j. to state, tell about, or make known in advance III. Fill in the blanks with the given words or expressions. Change the form where necessary. ( 10 points, 1 point for each) 21. Do you realize the _______ (important) of study? 22. There were many internationally known _______ (educate) at the conference. 23. Mr. Ma is a strict and _______ (experience) teacher. 24. He attributed his _______ (succeed) in business to hard work. 25. China had little _______ (interact) with the outside world before the opening up. 26. This fur coat is a real _________ (luxurious). 得 分 得 分 * * * * * * * * * * * 学 号: 姓 名: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 系 部: 专业年级: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

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第一部分:词法 中考考点一、名词 一、名词的复数: 1.名词变复数的规则形式 1).一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups 2).以辅音字母+y结尾的,先变y为i再加es . city-------cities family-----families 3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es . bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes 4).以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es . tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes 5).以f、fe 结尾的,先把f、fe变v 再加es . leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。 man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3.单数和复数形式相同。 deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4.某国人的复数。 1). 中、日不变。Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变。 Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3). 其余s加后面。 American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词: 1.不可数名词: 1).不能直接用数字表数量 2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式 4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰 5).可用“量词短语”表示 2.不可数名词的数量的表示方法: a / 数字+ 量词 + of + 不可数名词 a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格: 1. ’s 所有格。 1).用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时,这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”

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