广州市高三英语词汇竞赛(2018 01)

2019学年广州市高三英语词汇竞赛（2019 -

01）

English Vocabulary Competition for Senior 3

（完成时间：40-45分钟；满分：100分）

一、选择最佳答案(1x40=40)

1. The Chinese ________ for crisis consists of two words — Wei Ji，the former meaning

danger and the latter referring to opportunities.

A. expression

B. impression

C. explanation

D. information

2. Nowadays some protective parents want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger，

real or imagined.

A. spot

B. dismiss

C. shelter

D. distinguish

3. If I find someone who looks like the suspect，my ________ reaction will be to tell the

police.

A. physical

B. immediate

C. sensitive

D. sudden

4. Fearing unemployment，almost one million people sat China's civil service examination in order to get ________ jobs.

A. proper

B. suitable

C. generous

D. secure

5. This telephone bill is ______ a mistake. It says I owe 3 million dollars.

A. accidentally

B. purposefully

C. obviously

D. formally

6. A good teacher should leave some time for the students to ________ the information they

receive in class.

A. introduce

B. receive

C. digest

D. accept

7. The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as its battery ________

quickly.

A. shuts up

B. ends up

C. runs out

D. turns out

8. John worked hard at his lessons and gained ________ to a famous university.

A. permission

B. admission

C. agreement

D. freedom

9. The population of Africa is ________ so rapidly that experts fear there may be food shortages in

some regions.

A. expanding

B. stretching

C. extending

D. spreading

10. Helen devoted herself ________ to her research and became a top scientist in the field of

applied physics.

A. seriously

B. extremely

C. strictly

D. entirely

11. The US will stop ______ to green climate funds because they feel they are paying too much.

A. attaching

B. contributing

C. opposing

D. referring

12. When you ______ money from the bank，compares your signature with the one in its files

to see if it is authentic.

A. deposit

B. dismiss

C. remove

D. withdraw

13. Plans are underway for a new ______ at the airport.

A. carriage

B. harbour

C. strait

D. terminal

14. Unfortunately，by the time the ambulance arrived he was ______.

A. unbearable

B. uncomfortable

C. unconscious

D. unemployed

15. The proposal was ______ as too conservative by the committee.

A. declined

B. rejected

C. refused

D. resisted

16. Among her many ______ are loyalty，courage，and truthfulness.

A. virtues

B. varieties

C. victories

D. victims

17. Cheney is everyone’s image of a(n) ______ policeman: six feet，220 pounds and slow

thinking.

A. typical

B. initial

C. mature

D. merciful

18. The spread of ______ areas endangers wildlife.

A. disaster

B. suspension

C. urban

D. remote

19. A lot of the comments were apparently ______ and general.

A. specific

B. vague

C. constructive

D. fair

20. We know that taste in art is a(n) ______ matter.

A. impressive

B. objective

C. persuasive

D. subjective

21. The printed word is no ______ for personal discussion with a great thinker.

A. substitute

B. consideration

C. provision

D. allowance

22. The government is trying to do something to ______ better understanding between the two

countries.

A. raise

B. promote

C. heighten

D. increase

23. In children’s minds the Spring Festival is ______ with nice food and presents.

A. connected

B. joined

C. combined

D. associated

24. To ______ the success in the World Cup，the Chinese team have been practising very hard

over the past few months.

A. insure

B. assume

C. ensure

D. secure

25. The soldier was______ of running away when the enemy attacked.

A. scolded

B. charged

C. accused

D. punished

26. He’s watching TV? He’s ______ to be clearing his room!

A. known

B. supposed

C. regarded

D. considered

27. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not ______ going to the doctor.

A. put off

B. hold back

C. put aside

D. hold up

28. He seemed to have come to a roadblock in solving the problem，so he simply ______

whatever came into his head.

A. put aside

B. put away

C. put back

D. put down

29. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be a great disappointment.

A. turned up

B. turned in

C. turned out

D. turned down

30. People could hardly ______ their anger when they found millions of dollars of public funds

had been used to build luxurious houses for city officials.

A. hold back

B. draw back

C. hold over

D. hold up

同义词选择从A、B、C、D中选出可替换句中画线部分的最佳选项。

31. All the time，the captain tried to preserve our good spirits by telling stories and talking

hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.

A. protect

B. refresh

C. keep

D. content

32. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.

A. rigid

B. absurd

C. fantastic

D. boring

33. He denied taking money，but we were skeptical .

A. significant B sure C. remarkable D. doubtful

34. You can judge a man by just a few remarks.

A. words

B. sound

C. raw

D. meetings

35. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.

A. fragrant

B. ornate

C. abnormal

D. fragile

36. The quality and number of a city's public roads offer an excellent means of gauging its

prosperity.

A. protecting

B. enriching

C. tracing

D. judging

37. In the United States there are numerous federal，state and local programs aimed at combating air pollution.

A. fighting

B. limiting

C. prohibiting

D. avoiding

38. Ten names were deleted from the list of those invited to attend the conference.

A. suggested for

B. absorbed from

C. removed from

D. included in

39. A dog's sense of smell is keener than that of a human being.

A. more interesting

B. more acute

C. more appropriate

D. more useful

40. The flowers on the table were a manifestation of the child's love for his mother.

A. demonstration

B. (an) explanation

C. combination

D. satisfaction

二.阅读理解(3X10= 30)

(A)

The brain is a seemingly endless library，whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime's knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity?

The answer is no，because brains are more sophisticated（复杂）than that. Instead of just crowding in，old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.

Previous behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study，researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain.

In daily life，forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine，for instance，that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN，you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information，without old memories interfering.

And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new，relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new，but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.

When we acquire new information，the brain automatically tries to incorporate（合并）it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve（检索）information，both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled.

The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget，as its importance begins to be more appreciated.

A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many，people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome.

In a sense，forgetting is our brain's way of sorting memories，so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our

brain doesn't become too full.

41. What have past behavioral studies found about our brain?

A. Its capacity actually knows no limits.

B. It grows sophisticated with practice.

C. It keeps our most precious memories until life's end.

D. New information learned pushes old information out.

42. What is the benefit of forgetting?

A. It frees us from painful memories.

B. It helps slow down our aging process.

C. It facilitates our access to relevant information.

D. It prevents old information from forming associations.

43. What is the emphasis of current studies of memory?

A. When people tend to forget.

B. What contributes to forgetting.

C. How new technology hinders memory capacity.

D. Why learning and forgetting are complementary.

44. What do people find about their rare ability to remember every detail of their life?

A. It adds to the burden of their memory.

B. It makes their life much easier.

C. It contributes to their success in life.

D. It constitutes a rare object of envy.

45. What does the passage say about forgetting?

A. It can enlarge our brain capacity.

B. It helps get rid of negative memories.

C. It is a way of organizing our memories.

D. It should not cause any alarm in any way.

(B)

That was two years after her father's death and a short time after her sweetheart — the one we believed would marry her — had deserted her. After her father's death she went out very little；after her sweetheart went away，people hardly saw her at all. A few of the ladies had the nerve to call，but were not received，and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man — a young man then — going in and out with a market basket.

"Just as if a man — any man — could keep a kitchen properly，"the ladies said；so they were not surprised when the smell developed. It was another link between the gross，teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.

A neighbor，a woman，complained to the mayor，Judge Stevens，eighty years old.

"But what will you have me do about it，madam?" he said.

"Why，send her word to stop it，" the woman said. "Isn't there a law? "

"I'm sure that won't be necessary，" Judge Stevens said. "It's probably just a snake or a rat that servant of hers killed in the yard. I'll speak to him about it."

The next day he received two more complaints，one from a man who came in timid deprecation. "We really must do something about it，Judge. I'd be the last one in the world to bother Miss Emily，but we've got to do something." That night the Board of Aldermen met — three graybeards and one younger man，a member of the rising generation.

"It's simple enough，" he said. "Send her word to have her place cleaned up. Give her a certain time to do it in，and if she doesn’t..."

"Dammit，sir，" Judge Stevens said，"will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?"

So the next night，after midnight，four men crossed Miss Emily's lawn and slunk about the house like burglars，sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoulder. They broke open the cellar door and sprinkled lime there，and in all the outbuildings. As they recrossed the lawn，a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it，the light

behind her，and her upright torso motionless as that of an idol. They crept quietly across the lawn and into the shadow of the locusts that lined the street. After a week or two the smell went away.

That was when people had begun to feel really sorry for her. People in our town，remembering how old lady Wyatt，her great-aunt，had gone completely crazy at last，believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such. We had long thought of them as a picture，Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background，her father a silhouette in the foreground，his back to her and clutching a horsewhip，the two of them framed by the back-flung front door. So when she got to be thirty and was still single，we were not pleased exactly，but vindicated；even with insanity in the family she wouldn't have turned down all of her chances if they had really materialized.

46. What did the Negro man possibly do in the family?

A. He was an adopted son.

B. He worked as a servant.

C. He kept the family alive.

D. He helped kill the snakes and rats.

47. What did the ladies mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph 2?

A. Men were good at cleaning kitchen in a proper way.

B. The Negro man seemed to keep the kitchen properly.

C. Men were not able to manage the kitchen well.

D. Men were very likely to make a kitchen smelly.

48. What was the attitude of Judge Stevens towards the complaints initially?

A. He remained neutral without giving suggestions.

B. He considers the complaints unreasonable.

C. He thought it was the Negro man to blame.

D. He thought they were trivial and could be easily solved.

49. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Four men tried to sow something in Emily’s lawn after midnight.

B. Emily probably noticed some ones cross on her lawn.

C. The four men tried to find out where the smell came.

D. The smell was finally got rid of by the four men.

语文课本中的文章都是精选的比较优秀的文章，还有不少名家名篇。如果有选择循序渐进地让学生背诵一些优秀篇目、精彩段落，对提高学生的水平会大有裨益。现在，不少语文教师在分析课文时，把文章解体的支离破碎，总在文章的技巧方面下功夫。结果教师费劲，学生头疼。分析完之后，学生收效甚微，没过几天便忘的一干二净。造成这种事倍功半的尴尬局面的关键就是对文章读的不熟。常言道“书读百遍，其义自见”，如果有目的、有计划地引导学生反复阅读课文，或细读、默读、跳读，或听读、范读、轮读、分角色朗读，学生便可以在读中自然领悟文章的思想内容和写作技巧，可以在读中自然加强语感，增强语言的感受力。久而久之，这种思想内容、写作技巧和语感就会自然渗透到学生的语言意识之中，就会在写作中自觉不自觉地加以运用、创造和发展。50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Emily’s great aunt was driven crazy by her father.

B. Emily looked down upon the young men who were not rich.

C. Emily’s family was too distinguished to be appreciated.

D. Emily’s father had set lots of barriers for her pursuers.

第二卷（满分30分）

二、选词填空（1.5X20=30）

请用所给的词完成短文，每个词只能用一次。所给的词中有两个是多余的。

(A)

Hello，Mr. Wi-Fi. Life without you is next to impossible. We’re happy to sing your name from morning till evening，sometimes till dawn. Though I know you help me，sometimes you’re making me do things with 1 attention. Many times I promise myself that I’ll keep in my feelings towards you，but you’re 2 me closer and closer… You’ve entered both my home and my workplace. You’re just a window for our entertainment and information. But we people

aren’t satisfied only with the window. So we open all our doors for you. Is this a(n) 3 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness，is it curable? And if this is an attachment will you commit me to the lifelong togetherness?

Can’t you take a few days off so that both you and I can 4 ? You’re a poison — not a slow one but a super 5 poison which holds our mind and makes us dance to its tune. Nowadays you’re so 6 that anyone can buy and make you our 7 . You’ll never be bothered about our health but we’ll always be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.

If you were a real person made of flesh and blood would we love you the same? You

8 us with your numerous talents and we even can’t get rid of you. We’re all your 9 . Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations 10 ，but if they did why can’t we?

(B)

Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular，there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies (仙女) . Not all of these fairies are the friendly，people-loving

1 that appear in Disney films，and in some folktales they are

2 and cause much human suffering. This is

3 in the tales about the Changeling. These __4___ the story of a mother whose baby grows ___5___ and pale and has changed so much that he is almost unrecognizable to the parents. It was then __6___that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and __7___ the human baby with a fairy Changeling. There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging a knife over the baby’s head while he slept or covering him with some of his father’s clothes were just two of the recommended __8___. However，hope was not lost even if the baby had been __9___. In those cases there was often a way to get the real baby back. You could __10___ the Changeling on the fire — then it would rise up the chimney，and you would hear the sound of fairies’ laughter and soon after you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.

附加题：Reading：（2.5 X4=10）

Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous，’ they say，‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all，it’s the consumer who pays…’

The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine，it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance，price，etc.，from an advertisement.

Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements，but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are，too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful，witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.

We must not forget，either，that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers，commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper，or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!

Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance，you can find a job，buy or sell a house，announce a birth，marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch，match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The costs of advertisement.

B. The problems of advertisement.

C. Advertisement plays an important role in people’s lives.

D. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.

2. The attitude of the author toward advertisers is ______.

A. critical

B. trustworthy

与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问《示侄孙伯安》诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。C. appreciative D. dissatisfactory

宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。3. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?

A. Because customers pay more.

B. Because advertisers often brag.

C. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.

要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接

儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。D. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.

4. The passage is an example of ______.

A. criticism

B. narration

C. description

D. argumentation