11年专八人文知识解析
英语专业八级新增人文知识题型评析
（ 西师 范大学外 国语学 院 广 广西 桂林 ５ １０ ） ４ ０４
摘 要 ： 文从 背景 、 型 的信 度 和效度 、 高校英 语 专业教 学的反 拨 效应 进行 评 析， 在 此基 础上 对完 善这 一 新题 型提 出一些 本 题 对 并
建议．
关键 词 ： 英语 专
中 图 分 类 号 ： Ｇ ４ ． ７ ６２ ４ ４
１ 引 言
文 献 标 识 码 ：Ａ
文 章 编 号 ： ６２ １ ７ （０ ８ ６０ ８ — ２ １７ — ５ ８ ２ ０ ） － １ ５ ０
成 分越 多 ， 生 以同样 能力在 不 同时 间接 受 同 以测 设 的结果 考 产 生差 异 的可 能性 就越大 。人 文知 识项 目采用 选择 题 （ｕ — Ｍ ｌ ｔ ｐ ｅ ｃ ｏ ｃ ｕ ｓ ｉｎ ） 形 式 ， 求 考 生 从 每 题 四个 选 项 ｉ ｌ ｈ ｉ ｅ ｑ ｅｔ ｏ ｓ 的 要 中 选 出 一 个 正 确 答 案 ， 客 观 题 ， 生 毫 无 自 由发 挥 的 空 间 ， 为 考
都有 利 于测试 信度 的提 高 。但 另 一方 面 ， 选择题 仅适 于测 试 考 生 识 别 信 息 的 能 力 ， 考 生 运 用 知 识 的 能 力 的 测 试 并 不 理 对
想 。 外 ， 择 题 测 试 中考 生 猜 对 答 案 的 概 率 较 高 。由于 考 试 此 选
试 题 的 信 度 高 。从 评 分 人 方 面 来 说 ， 分 过 程 中 评 分 人 所 需 评 要 做 出 的主 观 判 断 越 多 则测 试 的 信 度 越 低 。专 八 的 选 择 题 部 分 均 为机 器 阅卷 ， 没有 任 何人 为 的主 观 因素 掺 杂其 中 ， 因此 评 分 人 信 度 系 数 可 以达 到 最 高 。另 外 ， 题 的 指 令 明 确 ， 前 试 考 提 供 了新 增题 型 样题 帮 助 考生 熟 悉题 目类 型等 方 面 的 因素
专八人文知识语言学共30页
42、只有在人群中间，才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话，只需要教育； 而要挑战别人所说的话，则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
44、卓越的人一大优点是：在不利与艰 难的遭遇里百折不饶。——贝多芬
专八人文知识语言学
1、纪律是管理关系的形式。——阿法 纳西耶 夫 2、改革如果不讲纪律，就难以成功。
3、道德行为训练，不是通过语言影响 ，而是 让儿童 练习良 好道德 行为， 克服懒 惰、轻 率、不 守纪律 、颓废 等不良 行为。 4、学校没有纪律便如磨房里没有水。 ——夸 美纽斯
5、教导儿童服从真理、服从集体，养 成儿童 自觉的 纪律性 ，这是 儿童道 德教育 最重要 的部分 。—— 陈鹤琴
专八人文知识真命题05-11年(附答案解析)
1. ______ is the capital city of Canada.A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. York2. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year3. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.4. ________ is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic Church.B. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England5. The novel Emma is written byA. Mary Shelley.B. Charlotte BronteC. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.D. Jane Austen.6. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George G. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.7. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous forA. his poems.B. his plays.C. his short stories.D. his novels8. Syntax is the study ofA. language functions.B. sentence structures.C. textual organization.D. word formation.9. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Productivity.C. Cultural transmission.D. Finiteness.10. The speech act theory was first put forward byA. John Searle.B. John Austin.C. Noam Chomsky.D. M.A.K. Halliday.11. The Presidents during the American Civil War wasA. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington12. The capital of New Zealand isA.ChristchurchB.AucklandC.WellingtonD.Hamilton13. Who were the natives of Austrilia before the arrival of the British settlers?A.The AboriginesB.The MaoriC.The IndiansD.The Eskimos14. The Prime Minister in Britain is head ofA.the Shadow CabinetB.the ParliamentC.the OppositionD.the Cabinet15. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A.T.S.EliotwrenceC.Theodore DreiserD.James Joyce16. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written byA.Scott FitzgeraldB.William FaulknerC.Eugene O'NeilD.Ernest Hemingway17._____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA.Free verseB.SonnetC.OdeD.Epigram18. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion ofA.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.context19. The words"kid, child, offspring" are examples ofA.dialectal synonymsB.stylistic synonymsC.emotive synonymsD.collocational synonyms20. The distinction between parole and langue was made byA.HalliayB.ChomskyC.BloomfieldD.Saussure21. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribesrespectively EXCEPTA. the AnglosB. the CeltsC. the JutesD. the Saxons22. The Head of State of Canada is represented byA. the MonarchB. the PresidentC. the Prime MinisterD. the Governor-general23. The Declaration of Independence was written byA. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. Alexander HamiltonD. James Madison24. The original inhabitants of Australia wereA. the Red IndiansB. the EskimosC. the AboriginesD. the Maoris25. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights26. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.A. AmericanB. CanadianC. IrishD. Australian27. Death of a Salesman was written byA. Arthur MillerB. Ernest HemingwayC. Ralph EllisonD. James Baldwin28. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.A. PhonologyB. MorphologyC. SemanticsD. Sociolinguistics29. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPTA. lexicalB. syntacticC. phonologicalD. psycholinguistic30. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.”This is an example ofA. widening of meaningB. narrowing of meaningC. meaning shiftD. loss of meaning31. The largest city in Canada isA. Vancouver.B. Montreal.C. TorontoD. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested inA. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress.33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand isA. the President.B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarch,D. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work byA. William Langland.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The American?A. Herman Melville.B. Nathaniel Hawthorne.C. Henry James.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th -century Britain EXCEPTA. George Eliot.B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing.D. Muriel Spark.38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Displacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is calledA. hyponymy.B. synonymy.C. polysemy.D. homonymy.41. The Head of State of New Zealand isA. the governor-general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.42. The capital of Scotland isA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.43. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson.B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.44. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.45. Ode to the West Windwas written byA. William Blake.B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. Percy B. Shelley.46. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson.B. Walt Whitman.C. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser.47. The novel Sons and Lovers was written byA. Thomas Hardy.B. John Galsworthy.C. D.H. Lawrence.D. James Joyce.48. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production isA. corpus linguistics.B. sociolinguistics.C. theoretical linguistics.D. psycholinguistics.49. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is calledA. dialect.B. idiolect.C. pidgin.D. register.50. When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performingA. an illocutionary act.B. a perlocutionary act.C. a locutionary act.D. none of the above.51. Which of the following statements in INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.52. The first city ever founded in Canada isA. Quebec.B. Vancouver.C. Toronto.D. Montreal.53. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being?A. 1770.B. 1788.C. 1900.D. 1901.54. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued byA. Abraham Lincoln.B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.55. ________ is best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems.A. Will BlakeB. W.B. YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth56. The Financier is written byA. Mark Twain.B. Henry James.C. William Faulkner.D. Theodore Dreiser.57. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined asA. allegory.B. sonnet.C. blank verse.D. rhyme.58. ________ refers to the learning and development of a language.A. Language acquisitionB. Language comprehensionC. Language productionD. Language instruction59. The word “Motel”comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of ________ in morphology.A. backformationB. conversionC. blendingD. acronym60. Language is t tool of communication. The symbol “Highway Closed”on a highway serves_______.A. an expressive function.B. an informative function.C. a performative function.D. a persuasive functionhe61. The northernmost part of Great Britain is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. ScotlandC. EnglandD. Wales62. It is generally agreed that ______were the first Europeans to reach Australia’s shores.A. The FrenchB. the GermansC. the BritishD. the Dutch63. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf?A. CanadaB. New ZealandC. Great BritainD. The United States of America64. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, Before the American Revolution?A. Thomas JeffersonB. Thomas PaineC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin65. Virginia Woolf was an important female ______ in the 20th-century England.A. poetB. biographerC. playwrightD. novelist66. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation’s history?A. BalladB.RomanceC. EpicD. Elegy67. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century?A. The Great GatsbyB. The Sun Also RisesC. The Sound and the FuryD. Beyond the Horizon68. _____ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.A. SemanticsB. PragmaticsC. Cognitive linguisticsD. Sociolinguistics69. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of _____.A. absence of obstructionB. presence of obstructionC. manner of articulationD. place of articulation70. The definition “the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers”refers to _____.A. PidginB. CreoleC. MultilingualismD. BilingualismBBADD BCBDB BCADA DBDBD CDACD CABDA CDADB CADBC DBACD BCDCA DADAC DAACB BDABD CACAC。
专八人文知识
人文知识文学篇：1． Edmund Spencer 是英国文艺复兴时期最杰出的诗人，被誉为“诗人中的诗人”"Poet’s Poet"，首创“斯宾塞诗体Spencerian Stanza” (a verse form consisting of eight iambic pentameter lines)。
杰出作品《仙后》（The Faerie Queene），被誉为文艺复兴时期“最杰出的史诗”。
2．乔纳森·斯威夫特Jonathan Swift: 18世纪英国爱尔兰讽刺小说和散文大家，用散文和小说两柄利器抨击英王朝的腐败、昏暗与罪恶。
作品：游记体讽刺小说Gulliver’s Travels、A Modest Proposal（谴责英国对爱尔兰人民的剥削和压迫）。
3． Francis Scott Fitzgerald，二十世纪美国小说家。
请注意他并不是“迷惘的一代”的代表作家，但与之相似，作品表现了一战后年轻一代“美国梦”的破灭。
代表作品有：The Great Gatsby（他最有声誉的小说），This Side of Paradise，T ender Is the Night ，T ales of the Jazz Age4． Alliteration: 在头韵体诗歌里，一行里的几个单词以相同的辅音开头。
例如：might and main, saints and sinners 等。
英语解释：Alliteration is a rhetorical device. In alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound.5．朗费罗Henry Wadsworth Longfellow，19世纪美国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。
他去世后英国的威斯敏斯特教堂的“诗人之角”Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey安放了他的半身像，是美国唯一获此殊荣的诗人。
2011年专八真题 部分解析
听力TIPS：(1) 根据原文中一句“A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance.”可知答案。
(2) 根据原文“What this means is that in a high-context culture, more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself.”可知答案。
(3) 根据原文“Generally speaking, in a high-context culture, because this greater dependency on group thinking, people lean towards heavier sense of involvement or closene ss to people.”可得出答案。
(4) 根据原文“And also people from a high-context culture pay attention to body language.”可得出答案。
(5) 根据原文“People in high-context cultures, are considered to have, what is called a poly-chronic attitude toward time.”可得出答案。
(6) 根据原文“A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event or the action is a separate entity, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context.”可得出答案。
专八人文知识真题答案
专八人文知识真题答案答案解析本文将针对专八人文知识真题进行答案解析，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握相关知识点。
一、古代文学古代文学是中国优秀文化遗产的重要组成部分，对于理解中国传统文化和思想具有重要意义。
其中，诗、词、曲是古代文学中的重要体裁。
1. 诗诗是古代文学的瑰宝，通过简洁而富有意境的语言表达了诗人的情感和思想。
唐代被誉为诗歌的黄金时代，诸如李白、杜甫、白居易等诗人的作品至今仍被广泛传诵。
2. 词词是一种以抒情为主的韵文体裁，在宋代达到了极高的艺术成就。
苏轼、辛弃疾等词人的作品以其直抒胸臆、婉约清丽的风格受到了广泛的赞誉。
3. 曲曲是中国戏曲中的重要组成部分，融合了音乐、舞蹈和表演等艺术形式。
元曲和京剧是中国曲艺的两个代表性流派，具有独特的审美风格和表演技巧。
二、中国古代哲学思想中国古代哲学思想是世界文化宝库的瑰宝，深深影响着中国人民的价值观和世界观。
1. 儒家思想儒家思想强调人伦关系和道德伦理，注重个人修养和家庭和谐。
儒家思想的核心思想是“仁”，提出了仁者爱人、以文化教化人、推崇中庸的理念。
2. 道家思想道家思想主张顺应自然、追求真道和无为而治。
道家强调宇宙规律和自然法则，提出了“道可道，非常道”和“无为而治”的观念。
3. 墨家思想墨家思想主张兼爱、非攻，反对战争和压迫。
墨家的核心思想是“非攻”和“兼爱”，主张用爱代替战争，实现社会和谐与人类共荣。
三、中国古代艺术中国古代艺术以其独特的审美风格和艺术表现形式而闻名于世。
1. 中国古代绘画中国古代绘画以山水画、花鸟画和人物画为主要表现形式，注重“意境”的呈现。
历史上有许多著名的绘画家，如吴道子、顾恺之等，他们的作品至今仍被广泛赞誉。
2. 中国古代书法中国古代书法是中国文化的瑰宝，以其独特的艺术形式和审美追求而备受推崇。
楷书、行书、草书和隶书等是中国古代书法的主要流派。
3. 中国古代音乐中国古代音乐以其独特的音律和表演形式而享誉世界。
传统的古琴、笛子、二胡等是中国古代音乐中的代表乐器，让人们感受到中国古代音乐的魅力。
专八人文知识总结
专八人文知识总结人文知识广泛涵盖了人类文化、历史、艺术、哲学等领域的知识内容，是对人类智慧和精神创造的总结与归纳。
在专八考试中，人文知识是一个重要的考察点，下面将对人文知识进行总结与梳理。
一、文化艺术1. 中国传统文化：中国悠久的历史和深厚的文化底蕴是中华民族的瑰宝，包括中国儒家思想、道家思想、佛教文化、中国古代文学、绘画、书法以及传统音乐、舞蹈等。
这些都是中国文化的精髓，也是中国人民的精神支柱。
2. 西方文化：西方文化源远流长，包括希腊罗马文化、基督教文化、文艺复兴运动、启蒙运动、现代主义艺术等。
西方文化对世界文化的发展和影响不可忽视，它形成了独特的西方审美观和艺术风格。
3. 艺术形式与艺术家：艺术是人类精神的表达和创造，包括音乐、绘画、雕塑、建筑、文学等艺术形式。
世界上有很多伟大的艺术家，如达·芬奇、米开朗基罗、莎士比亚、贝多芬等，他们的作品影响了世界，并成为人类文化的瑰宝。
二、历史1. 世界古代史：古代文明的兴衰是人类社会发展的缩影，从埃及、希腊、罗马到中国、印度等，每个古代文明都有其独特的历史背景和文化特点。
了解这些古代文明对于理解人类文明发展的脉络和演变具有重要意义。
2. 中国近现代史：中国的近现代史经历了清朝的衰落、封建社会的瓦解、列强入侵、辛亥革命、抗日战争、解放战争和新中国的建立等重大事件。
深入了解中国近现代史，可以理解中国社会的变革和现代化进程。
3. 世界现代史：20世纪是世界历史上变革最为剧烈的时期，包括两次世界大战、冷战、殖民地解放、科技革命等重大事件。
掌握世界现代史的知识，可以理解世界格局的演变和国际关系的发展。
三、哲学思想1. 中国哲学思想：中国哲学思想独具特色，包括儒家思想、道家思想、墨家思想、法家思想、名家思想等。
这些思想体系对中国社会和人民的思维方式和行为准则产生了深远影响。
2. 西方哲学思想：西方哲学思想源远流长，包括柏拉图主义、亚里士多德主义、康德哲学、黑格尔哲学、存在主义等。
2011专八真题解析
英语专业八级2011年试题答案及解析第一部分听力理解SECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. outside the message【解析】细节题。
这篇讲座主要介绍不同文化之间的差异。
文中提到“What this means is that in a high-context culture more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself.”可知人们更看重信息之外的含义。
2. the context【解析】细节题。
根据原文“What this means is that in a high-context culture, more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself.”以及下文“the definition of a high-context culture is that more attention is paid to the context of the message than to the message itself. And part of the context is body language.”可知高语境文化中，人们更看重信息所处的语境，而不是信息本身。
3. involvement / closeness to people【解析】细节题。
由原文“in terms of personal space, generally speaking, in a high-context culture, because there's greater dependence on group thinking, people lean towards heavier sense of involvement or closeness to people.”可知，在高语境环境中，人们相互之间更加贴近，不太重视私人空间。
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40. The definition “the act of using or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers” refers to C ? a language formed from a mixture of a A. Pidgin an artificial languageaused for trade European language with local language (especially an Africa of different languages B. Creole between speakers language spoken by SLAVES in the West Indies.) C. Multilingualism D. Bilingualism 多语制，多语言，对多种语言的使用
37.Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century? Ａ.The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比 Ｂ.The Sun Also Rises 太阳依旧升起 Ｃ.The Sound and the Fury 喧闹与骚动 Ｄ.Beyond the Horizon 天边外
Uncle Sam land of the long white cloud John Bull （约翰牛）
34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Revolution? A. Thomas Jefferson. B. Thomas Paine. C. John Adams. D. Benjamin Franklin.
the ability to speak two languages colloquially
the study of nguage in relation to its sociocultural context
认知语言学是语言学的一门分支学科， 它脱胎自认知心理学或认知科学，大约 在1980年代后期至1990年代开始成型。 认知语言学涉及人工智能、语言学、心 理学、系统论等多种学科，它针对生成 语言学，提出：语言的创建、学习及运 用，从基本上都必须能够透过人类的认 知而加以解释，因为认知能力是人类知 识的根本。
31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is ? A. Northern Ireland. B. Scotland. C. English. D. Wales
B
32. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australia‟s shores. A. The French B. The Germans C. The British D. The Dutch
A
Fury ['fjuəri] n. 狂怒；暴怒；激怒者
1926s（The Sun also Rises）
1929s（A Farewell to Arms）
1940s（For Whom the Bell Tolls ) 1952s（The Old Man and the Sea）
“The lost Generation”
36. refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero in a nation‟s history. Ａ. Ballad Ｂ. Romance Ｃ. Epic Ｄ. Elegy
C
Ballad ：[„bæləd]n. 歌谣，诗歌，谣曲 Epic ： [ ‟epik] n. 史诗，叙事诗 Elegy ： ['elidʒi; 'elədʒi ] n. 悲歌，哀 歌，挽歌
Benjamin Franklin 本杰明· 富兰克林
35.Virginia Woolf was an important female in the 20th-centuary England. Ａ. poet Ｂ. biographer Ｃ. playwright Ｄ. Novelist
D
(The Voyage Out，1915） （Night and Day，1919） （Jacob‘s Room，1920） （Mrs. Dalloway，1925） （To the Lighthouse,1927） （Orlando: a Biography, 1928） (A Room of One's Own, 1929) （The Waves，1931） （The Years，1937） Virginia Woolf （Between the Acts，1941）
33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf? A. Canada. B. New Zealand. C. Great Britain. D. The United States of America.
A
Maple: [‘meipl] n.枫树
B
pamphlet: [‘pæmflit] n.小册子 The Common Sense 《常识》
all-time best-selling American book that advocated colonial America's independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.
principal contributions : Common Sense (1776) The American Crisis (1776–1783)
Thomas Paine 托马斯 · 佩恩
American Founding Father the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence (1776) the third President of the United States (1801–1809).
39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of A ? A. absence of obstruction B. presence of obstruction C. manner of articulation 发音方法，调音方法 D. place of articulation 发音部位，调音部位 Obstruction of the air stream
Ernest Hemingway
C 38．______is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind. 探讨语言和思维的学科 A. Semantics the study of language meaning B. Pragmatics the study of language use C. Cognitive linguistics 认知语言学 D. Sociolinguistics
Thomas Jefferson 托马斯 · 杰斐逊
American Founding Father the second President of the United States (1797–1801).
John Adams 约翰· 亚当斯
American Founding Father the sixth President of Pennsylvania(美国宾夕 法尼亚州)
D
shore: [ʃɔ:] n.岸，滨 The Dutch (Dutchman) : 荷兰人
After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770.