南昌大学大学英语测试卷No1
南昌大学口语考试试题
1．According to the author, what special qualities are necessary for people to live in the countryside? (Unit 1, A)2．Why did the writer and his family choose to live in the country? Do you think their dream has come true? Why? (Unit 1, A)3．What was the Underground Railroad? Who forged it? (Unit 2, A)4. What difficulties did the slaves have in traveling the Underground Railroad to freedom? (Unit 2, A)5．Under what excuse do people resort to all these means? Does the author think they are justified in doing so? (Unit 3, A)6．What may be the legacy we remember best when we recall this era? (Unit 3, A)7．How did the writer feel when he read the repliesfrom his father, the Rev. Nelson and his grandmother? Why?(Unit 5, A)8．What did the writer learn from the writing of the three “thank you” letters? (Unit 5, A) 9．Why didn’t the cold fierce wind blow away the last leaf? (Unit 6, A)10．Did Behrman finish his masterpiece eventually? Explain. (Unit 6, A)11．If you are going on a trip, what will you do before you leave home?12．What cities do you think are good destinations if you’re traveling solo? Why do you think so? 13．Say some funny or interesting travel experience that you have had, or that someone you know has had. Where was it? When was it? Who was there? Or what happened?14．Where would you like your dream house to be?What special features would it have?15．Do you prefer to travel by car or use public transportation? Why?16．What historical places have you visited? Which would you like to visit in the future? 17．What age do you think is the best age to be? Why?18．At what age does a teenager become an adult?What do people do to celebrate or mark this event? 19．Think of a turning point in your life. What happened? Why was it important to you? 20．What gives you indigestion? What makes you lightheaded?21．How long does it take you to get ready for a night out with your friends or to go to school? What do you usually do?22．What advice would you give to the people who suffer from big pressure?23．Imagine you could study at any college or university in the world. Where would you go? Why? 24．How do you typically spend your summer vacation?25．What plans do you have for your future education or career?。
南昌大学春季学期英语期末考试
南昌大学春季学期英语期末考试本试卷共四大题，12页，满分110分。
考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、考点考场号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces ofmusick of the 20century. In his short life he wrote-1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was vom in panyum, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-2 mother. He began learning to play_3 violinwhena he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin wascheapp and badly made thathem_5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop6and soon showedhish talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7 studied in a special musicschooly in Paris. Before he8, Xian became the schools best student9 won severalprizesh for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came tofan’an10music at a college.11there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time Xian stillwrotem12of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famousworks.In May 1940, Xian 13to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to writemusick for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very14. Xian got sick and later died of a lungillnessh15October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’hearts.1. A.near B. nearly C. nearby D.nearer2. A.he B. him C. his D. he’s3. A.a B. an C. the D. this4. A.so B. such C. very D. much5. A.need B. may C.should D. could6. A.practice B.practicing C.to practice D.practised7. A. what B. which C.whom D. who8. A.leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A.and B. but C. as D. or10. A.teach B.taught C.teaching D. to teach11. A.If B. Although C. When D. Because12. A.any B. little C. fwd. some13. A.sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A.hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A.at B. in C. on D. by二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
南昌大学大学英语测试卷No1
南昌大学大学英语测试卷No.1Part I Listening Comprehension ( 20%) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four suggested answers marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the best answer to each question. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Many teachers believe that the responsibility for learning lies with students. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or give an examination. (Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams.) The ideal student is considered to be one who is encouraged to learn for the purpose of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Some students may be frustrated with teachers who do not believe it is necessary to grade every assignment. Sometimes homework is returned with short written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, students should learn the material assigned.When research is assigned, the professor expects students to begin and to complete the assignment with minimum instruction. It is the student’s responsibility to find books and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works; they expect students, especially graduate students (研究生), to be able to find what they need in the library.Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students not depend on them too much. This is different from teacher-student relationships in other countries. In the United States, professors have other duties in addition to teaching. Often they do some administrative (行政的) work within their departments. In addition, they may be required to write articles and books. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either ask a professor for help during office hours or make an appointment(预约).26. What does the author mean by saying that “Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams”?(A)Students study hard only for exams.(B)Teachers think it necessary for their students to fail exams.(C)Teachers think that the only purpose of studying hard is to pass exams.(D)The purpose of designing course is not only for passing exams.27. According to the 2nd paragraph, students in the United States should ________.(A)depend more on themselves than on professors(B)plan their time and sequence their work(C)always follow the professors’ advice(D)find a suitable place for studying28. If students need the advice of their teachers, they should ________.(A)put forward their questions in class(B)go to their teachers’ office(C)find some excuses to see teachers at home(D)turn to their teachers during the break29. Students who _______ in the United States are considered good ones.(A)pay more attention to good scores(B)have the desire to learn by themselves(C)are good at learning words by heart(D)know much about computers30. American professors may be required to spend more of their time ________.(A)knowing what is on their s tudents’ mind(B)helping students finish their assignments(C)writing articles(D)instructing students’ researchPassage TwoQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Valentine’s Day (圣瓦伦丁节，情人节) was the time my father chose to show his love for the special people in his life. Over the years I fondly thought of him as my “Valentine Man”.At the age of six, on Valentine’s Day morning, I got a card signed “Love, Dad” for the first time and a gift of a ring with a small piece of red glass. As I grew older, the gifts gave way to heart-shaped boxes filled with my favorite chocolates and always included a special card signed “Love, Dad”. Year by year, the cards seemed less important, and I thought the valentine (圣瓦伦丁节送给异性的卡片或礼物等) would always be there. I had placed my hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from “important others”, and “Love, Dad” just didn’t seem quite enough.If my father knew then that he had been replaced, he never let it show. If he sensed any disappointment over valentines that didn’t arrive from me, he just tried that much harder to create a positive atmosphere (气氛), giving me an extra hug (拥抱) and doing what he could to make my day a little brighter.On Valentine’s Day eight years ago I received a card addressed to me in my mother’s handwriting (笔迹). On the inside, my mother had printed “Happy Valentine’s Day” and my father had signed “Love, Dad”. It was the kind of card that put tears in my eyes because I knew this would be the last I would receive from him.His final card remains on my desk today. It’s a reminder of how special fathers can be and how important it has been to me over the years to know that I had a father who continued a tradition (传统) of love with simple acts of understanding and had the ability to express happiness to the people in his life.31. Why did the writer think of her father as her “Valentine Man” over the years?(A)Her father had given her a valentine on Valentine’s Day to show his love, understanding and happi ness.(B)She had placed her hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from her father on Valentine’s Day(C)Her father created a positive atmosphere and made her day brighter on Valentine’s Day(D)She missed her father very much on V alentine’s Day after he died32. When the writer grew older, her father’s card seemed less important because ________.(A)she was no longer interested in Valentine’s Day(B)she thought her father’s valentine wasn’t enough and hoped to get more from others(C)her boyfriend took the place of her father(D)she did not like the design of the cards her father sent her33. When the writer was disappointed about the valentines she did not receive, her father _______.(A)gave her another heart-shaped box filled with her favorite chocolates(B)tried to talk with her about something else(C)told her to place her hopes and dreams away from others(D)comforted her by doing what he could to make her happy34. Why was the writer’s last valentine written in her mother’s writing?(A)Her mother wanted to show her love too.(B)Her father was so busy that he had no time to mail the card.(C)Her father was too ill to mail a card.(D)Her father wanted to give her a surprise.35. The writer put her father’s final card on her desk in order to ________.(A)remember her father and his love(B)show it to her colleagues (同事)(C)think of the past life of her father(D)get encouragement from her fatherPassage ThreeQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men. The gay (同性恋的) community was very much in sight and vocal (呼声高的) and successfully got support for its cause. Now we are rapidlyapproaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do. In most cases, the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men, however, are usually the ones who have insurance (保险), income and access to doctors. They get care. Women often do not.The discrimination (歧视) against HIV-positive women is simply terrible. They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease. This is not at all true. They get it from a man. They don’t just simply have HIV. Of course, there’s a social discrimination against all people with HIV. They are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore, be discriminated against. For example, it’s very difficult for people with HIV to travel. They are not allowed to enter many countries, including the Unite d States, China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation (孤立). Once the woman knows she’s HIV-positive, she lives in fear that other people will find out. She’s so frightened she will go into hiding, into an isolated pl ace by herself. It’s not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone, except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick. But HIV-positive women who get support, who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it —whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights —are likely to live longer. Active women don’t die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.36. Women with HIV were ignored for a long time because _________.(A)their effort to attract attention was not as successful as the HIV men’s(B)they often lived in a community that was hardly noticed by others(C)HIV men were the only concern over a long time(D)They failed to get support37. Which of the following statements is not true?(A)HIV-positive women make up nearly half of all AIDS cases in the world.(B)The gay community succeeded in getting support.(C)The high level of infection among women has been taken seriously.(D)There is social discrimination against all people with HIV.38. According to the passage, it’s difficult for women to deal with HIV but not because ________.(A)they often lose their jobs after other people find out they are HIV-positive(B)they usually have the family problem(C)they often have no access to doctors(D)they have little time left to take care of themselves39. Countries such as the United States and China are mentioned in the article in order to show that ________.(A)there are more AIDS cases in those countries(B)it is not convenient for HIV-positive people to travel(C)HIV-positive people are usually discriminated against(D)people who are HIV-positive are afraid that these countries will find out40. Which of the following does the passage show to us that active women don’t do?(A)Get support from others.(B)Discuss their trouble with their doctors only.(C)Struggle for their rights.(D)Take better care of themselves.Passage FourQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:About 16 million people in the United States have lost some of their hearing. About 2 million others are extremely or completely deaf. They can’t hear speech of most other sounds in their everyday life, even with a hearing aid to make sound louder.There are several kinds of hearing loss. The first kind results from disease or injury to the outer or middle part of the ear. The damage prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear. Usually, this form of hearing loss is not extreme. And a hearing aid or medical treatment can often restore hearing. A second kind of hearing loss involves the nerves(神经). It is caused by damage to the inner ear. A loud noise or disease may destroy some of the tiny nerve cells(细胞) that carry sound. People suffering this kind of damage may loss the ability to hear some sounds, high or low. The third kind of deafness is called a central hearing loss. It is caused by damage to the hearing nerves leading to the brain or in the brain itself.Deafness is the most common bodily disability(残疾) in America. Often nothing can be done to stop it. But many cases can be prevented. One simple thing is responsible for most hearing loss. That one thing is noise. Telephone bell, loud music, machines. In industrial countries, especially, these things make the world very noisy. Studies have shown that old men in quiet African villages have much better hearing than young people in America. Other sources of deafness include accidents, drugs and illnesses.41. What kind of hearing loss mentioned in the passage is the most serious?(A) The first kind.(B) The second kind.(C) The third kind.(D) None.42. Hearing loss caused by damage to ________ can often be restored.(A) the outer ear.(B) the inner ear.(C) the nerves.(D) the brain.43. Which of the following is not a source of deafness?(A) Loud music(B) Bodily disability.(C) Accidents.(D) Some drugs.44. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.(A) developed countries are more noisy.(B) nothing can be done to prevent loss of hearing.(C) old people suffer less from hearing loss.(D) 16 million Americans have lost their hearing.45. Which of the following statements is not true?(A) Deafness is very common in America.(B) Hearing nerves are most important to one’s hearing.(C) There are different causes of hearing loss.(D) Hearing aids can always help deaf people hear clearly.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.46.I’ll trade you five comic books ________ your briefcase.(A) with (B) in (C) for (D) to47.I’ve just ________ a beautiful poem in this book bought in the secondhand bookshop.(A) come across (B) come about (C) come out (D) come through48.Mary has also ________ all hopes of seeing me again.(A) given in (B) given up (C) given back (D) given out49.The international situation changes so quickly nowadays that you cannot _____it.(A) keep up with (B) keep at (C) keep on (D) keep to50.Not only ___ my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English.(A) I lost (B) I did lose (C) had I lost (D) did I lose51.She was tired of the ________ noise of the clock while she was trying to sleep.(A) continuous (B) constant (C) continual (D) consistent52.The frightened man reached _______ the telephone and quickly dialed a number.(A) for (B) on (C) at (D) up53.The hose (软管) was throwing too much water so I ______ the water a little bit.(A) turned up (B) turned to (C) turned down (D) turned away54.Sandy had ______ her best clothes for this dating.(A) put up (B) put out (C) put aside (D) put on55.I am anxious about leaving the baby ________ in the house.(A) lonely (B) alone (C) lone (D) none56.Don’t ask him how he is because if he starts talking about his health, you’ll never ________ him.(A) get down to (B) get through (C) get over (D) get away from57.Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate _______.(A) in a way (B) in no way (C) in some way (D) in ways58.He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just _____.(A)sit and watch (B) sitting and watching(C) to sit and watch (D) on sitting and watching59.My father died just before the Second World War _______.(A) broke out (B) broke in (C) broke down (D) broke up60.Tomorrow’s match has been _______ because of the icy weather.(A) called in (B) called off (C) called for (D) called on61.How do you think you’re going to fit all that _______ into a car.(A) staff (B) stiff (C) stuff (D) still62.At the age of 8 she made ______ her mind to become a doctor.(A) out (B) up (C) on (D) forward63.The government committed itself ______ spending ten million pounds on new roads.(A) to (B) in (C) at (D) on64.Since he fell ill last October, his wife has given up her own work to ______ him.(A) look over (B) look into (C) look out (D) look after65.I have dark rings under my eyes from lack ______ sleep.(A) at (B) of (C) out (D) to66.He could not account ______ his foolish mistake.(A) of (B) on (C) for (D) with67.Young children soon ______ the words they hear their elder use.(A) pick at (B) pick on (C) pick out (D) pick up68.Another 185,000 of the one million infected ______ the HIV virus are also expected to die.(A) with (B) of (C) to (D) up69.______ place of government inactivity (怠惰), a number of local organizations have emerged.(A) In (B) At (C) On (D) With70.Will you please ______ that book to me from the shelf?(A) hand back (B) hand down (C) hand in (D) hand out71.Without your help, we ______ the accomplishments we have made.(A) would not have made (B) didn’t make(C) don’t make (D) will not make72.It was in that small room ______ they worked hard and dreamed of better days to come.(A) where (B) which (C) in which (D) that73.Contrary ______ all advice he started to climb the mountain during a storm.(A) for (B) in (C) to (D) with74.I like to ______ my high-school days.(A) look into (B) look out (C) look down on (D) look back on75.Mary’s score on the t est is the highest in the class. She ______ very hard.(A) must have studied (B) must study(C) should have studied (D) should studyPart IV Cloze(10%)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.A contract (合同) is an agreement between two or more people (76) _____ one person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by (77) _____. Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both (78) _____. It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by one person in (79) _____ for what is given or done by the other. If one person does (80) _____ was promised and the other may be sued (控告，起诉) in court and required by court order to make good. He or she (81) _____ also be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things (82) _____ by both parties must be stated in definite terms (83) _____ the court will hold that the contract is (84) _____ vague (模糊的) and general to be enforced. (85) _____, the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.76. (A) in which (B) that (C) which (D) on that77. (A) another (B) the other (C) other (D) others78. (A) parts (B) parties (C) people (D) aspects79. (A) replace (B) payment (C) change (D) exchange80. (A) that (B) the thing (C) what (D) something81. (A) need (B) ought (C) has (D) may82. (A) to be done (B) done (C) to do (D) being done83. (A) and (B) else (C) or (D) so84. (A) so (B) rather (C) too (D) over85. (A) Similar (B) Similarly (C) The same (D) TooPart V Translation (10 %)Directions: Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English, using the words or phrases provided.86.做科学研究不容易，不仅需要时间、精力和经验，还需要具有自制力和奉献精神（discipline and commitment）。
南昌大学学术英语课后习题答案第一章answers for exercises of unit 1
Unit 1 Choosing a Topic4 Enhancing your academic languageText 11.Match the words with their definitions.1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10i2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 symbolic 2distributed 3site 4complex5identify6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target10attempt11process 12parameter 13interpretation14technical15range 16exploit 17networking18involve19 instance 20specification 21accompany22predictable 23profile3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above. ranging from（从……到）arise from some misunderstandings（来自于对……误解）leaves a lot of problems unsolved（留下很多问题没有得到解决）opens a path for（打开了通道）requires a different frame of mind（需要有新的思想）4.Translate the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1) 有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“骇客”才是真正的坏人。
全日制本科南昌大学学士学位英语考试真题
全日制本科南昌大学学士学位英语考试真题The Bachelor's Degree English Exam at Nanchang University is a crucial milestone for many undergraduate students seeking to obtain their academic credentials. This exam, often referred to as the "Exam of Exams," not only tests the students' proficiency in the English language but also评估their ability to apply knowledge gained throughout their academic journey. Given its significance, it's imperative for students to have a thorough understanding of the exam's format, content, and effective preparation strategies.**Exam Format and Content Overview**The Nanchang University Bachelor's Degree English Exam typically consists of four sections: Reading Comprehension, Vocabulary and Grammar, Translation, and Writing. Each section requires a different set of skills and strategies to approach effectively.* **Reading Comprehension:** This section tests the student's ability to understand and interpret passages froma variety of sources, such as newspapers, academic journals, and novels. It is crucial to skim and scan the passages quickly to identify key information and answer questions accurately. * **Vocabulary and Grammar:** This section assesses the student's mastery of the English language's vocabulary and grammar rules. It's essential to have asolid foundation in these areas and to practice using context clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words. * **Translation:** This section requires the student to translate passages from English to Chinese and vice versa. Accurate translation requires a deep understanding of both languages and the ability to convey the original text's meaning, tone, and style. * **Writing:** The writingsection tests the student's ability to compose a coherent and well-structured essay on a given topic. It's importantto plan the essay outline before writing, use transitional words to connect ideas, and proofread for grammar and spelling errors.**Effective Preparation Strategies**Preparing for the Nanchang University Bachelor's Degree English Exam requires a comprehensive approach thatcombines both general English proficiency and exam-specific skills. Here are some key strategies to consider:* **Increase Exposure to English:** Improving English proficiency requires regular exposure to the language. Students can achieve this by reading English newspapers, listening to English podcasts, watching English movies, and practicing speaking with native speakers. * **Understand the Exam Format and Content:** It's essential tofamiliarize oneself with the exam's format and content to identify areas of weakness and focus on targeted preparation. Students can refer to previous exam papers to understand the types of questions and the difficulty level. * **Practice with Mock Exams:** Taking mock exams helps students familiarize themselves with the exam's format and timing. It also allows them to identify areas where they need to improve and areas where they are strong. * **Focus on Weaknesses:** After analyzing mock exam results, students should focus on improving their weaknesses. This could involve additional practice in areas such as vocabulary, grammar, or reading comprehension. * **Maintain a Positive Mindset:** Preparing for exams can be stressful, but it's important to maintain a positive mindset. Studentsshould believe in their abilities, stay motivated, and avoid getting overwhelmed by the pressure.In conclusion, the Nanchang University Bachelor's Degree English Exam is a challenging but rewarding experience. By understanding the exam's format and content, implementing effective preparation strategies, and maintaining a positive mindset, students can confidently face this exam and achieve their academic goals.**全日制本科南昌大学学士学位英语考试真题解析与备考策略**南昌大学全日制本科学士学位英语考试对于许多寻求获得学术证书的本科生来说是一个重要的里程碑。
南昌大学 2018-2019学年第二学期期中考试大学英语试卷
试卷编号：( B )卷南昌大学2018～2019学年第二学期期中考试试卷大学英语C班课程编号：T5103I001 课程名称：大学英语考试形式：闭卷适用班级：2018级大学英语C班姓名：学号：班级：学院：专业：英语班级: 考试日期：2019年4月18日考生注意事项：1．本试卷共8页，请查看试卷中是否有缺页或破损。
如有立即举手报告以便更换；2．本次考试分A，B两种试卷，请看清自己的试题册上面的试卷类型，用铅笔在相应的字母上划线；3. 答题卡上的准考证号用本人学号，填写后请用铅笔分别在下面对应的数字上划线；4. 考试结束后回收答题卡，试卷册可由学生带走；Part I Reading Comprehension(每题3分，共45分)Directions: There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Plastics are materials which are softened by heat and set into lasting from when shaped in a mold. Some are natural; some are semi-synthetic, the result of chemical action on a natural substance; some are synthetic, built up from the constituents of oil or coal. All are based on the chemistry of carbon, with its capacity for forming chains. The molecules that compose them (monomers) link together in the setting or curing (固化) process to form chains (polymers), which give plastics their flexible strength. Some plastics retain their ability to be softened and reshaped; like wax, they are thermoplastic. Others set permanently in the shapes they are given by heat and pressure; like eggs, they are thermosetting.From industrial beginnings in the nineteenth century, plastics have struggled through a hundred and twenty years of glory, failure, disrepute (坏名声) and suspicion on the slow road to public acceptance. Now, at last, one can positively say that plastics are appreciated and enjoyed for what they are; that they make modern life richer, more comfortable and convenient and also more funny. Plastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch, and their transformation into things that come into contact with human beings is entirely appropriate.The fact that there plastic antiques comes as a shock to most people. How can a material that seems so essential in the twentieth century, and one that is so much associated with cheap disposable products, have a history at all? It is a young technology, and a great part of the fun of collecting plastics is that beautiful pieces of historical interest can still found very cheaply.1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The development of Plastics as a Modern MaterialB) How Plastics Are MaterialC) The Importance of Plastics in the Nineteenth CenturyD) Why people Are Suspicious of Plastics2. Which of the following is necessary to create any type of plastics?A) Coal.B) Eggs.C) Oil.D) Carbon.3. According to the author, for approximately how many years have plastics existed?A) 160.B)120.C)140.D) 100.4. What historical information does the second paragraph give about plastics?A)They originated primarily as road-surfacing materials.B) The earliest types were soft and did not last very long.C)Their popularity was at its height at the time of the Industrial Revolution.D) They have come into general use very gradually.5. Why does the author mention antiques in the third paragraph?A) Young collectors prefer real antiques to plastic objects.B) Dealers use inexpensive plastic parts to repair valuable antiques.C) Some plastic objects are now considered antiques.D) Plastics replicas (复制品) of valuable antiques are relatively common.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When memory began for me, my grandfather was past sixty -- a great tall man with thick hair becoming gray. He had black eyes and a straight nose which ended in a slightly flattened tip. Once he explained seriously to me that he got that flattened tip as a small child when he fell down and stepped on his nose. The little marks of laughter at the corners of his eyes were the product of a kindly and humorous nature. The years of work which had bent his shoulders had never dulled his humor nor his love of a joke. Everywhere he went, ''Gramp'' made friends easily. At the end of half an hour you felt you had known him all your life. I soon learned that he hated to give orders, but that when he had to, he tried to make his orders sound like suggestions.One July morning, as he was leaving to go to the cornfield, he said, ''Edwin, you can pick up the potatoes in the field today if you want to do that.'' Then he drove away with his horses.The day passed, and I did not have any desire to pick up potatoes. Evening came and the potatoes were still in the field. Gramp, dusty and tired, led the horses to get their drink.''How many bags of potatoes were there?'' Gramp inquired.''I don't know.''''How many potatoes did you pick up?''''I didn't pick any.''''Not any! Why not?''''You said I could pick them up if I wanted to. You didn't say I had to.''In the next few minutes I learned a lesson I would not forget: when Gramp said I could if I wanted to, he meant that I should want to.My grandmother (''Gram'') worked hard all day, washing clothes, cleaning the house, making butter, and even working in the field when help was scarce. In the evening, though, she was not too tired to read books from the community library. For more than forty years Gram read aloud to Gramp almost every evening. In this way she and Gramp learned about all the great battles of history and became familiar with the works of great authors and the lives of famous men.Gram hated cruelty and injustice. The injustices of history, even those of a thousand years before, angered her as much as the injustices of her own day.She also had a deep love of beauty. When she was almost seventy-five, and had gone to live with one of her daughters, she spent a delightful morning washing dishes because, as she said, the beautiful patterns on the dishes gave her pleasure. The birds, the flowers, the clouds -- all that was beautiful around her -- pleased her. She was like the father of the French painter, Millet, who used to gather grass and show it to his son, saying, ''See how beautiful this is!''In a pioneer society it is the harder qualities of mind and character that are of value. The softer virtues are considered unnecessary. Men and women struggling daily to earn a living are unable, even for a moment, to forget the business of preserving their lives. Only unusual people, like my grandparents, manage to keep the softer qualities in a world of daily struggle.Such were the two people with whom I spent the months from June to September in the wonderful days of summer and youth.6. We know that Grandpa's nose _________.A) was flattened because it had been stepped onB) was not flat when he was a boyC) was both straight and broadD) was straight but its tip was a bit flat7. We learn from the passage that Grandpa _________.A) was friendly and humorousB) liked making suggestionsC) loved to give ordersD) was a serious and strict person8. When Grandpa told the writer to pick up potatoes if he wanted to do that, he meant that _________.A) he could do it if he wanted toB) he did not really have to do soC) he could do it anytime he was readyD) he had to do it9. The writer describes his Grandma as _________.A) a woman who complained about the injustices of lifeB) a very obedient housewifeC) someone who could find beauty in lifeD) a woman who loved Millet's paintings10. According to the passage, in the days of the writer's grandparents _________.A) most people understood how to appreciate the beautiful thingsB) in life it was difficult for people to keep the "soft qualities" of mind and characterC) only ordinary people managed to appreciate the beauty of natureD) it was the "soft virtues" that were thought to be very importantPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Like a lot of black kids, we never would have made it without our Momma. When there was no fatback to go with the beans, no socks to go with the shoes, no hope to go with tomorrow, she’s smile and say: “We ain’t poor, we’re just broke.”Poor is a state of mind you never grow out of, but being broke is just a temporary condition. She always has a big smile, even when her legs and feet swelled from high blood pressure and she collapsed across the table with diabetes. You have to smile twenty-four hours a day, Momma would say. If you walk through life showing the aggravation you’ve gone through, people will feel sorry for you, and they’ll never respect you.So you laugh, so you smile. Once a month the big gray relief truck would poll up in front of our house and Momma would flash that big smile and stretch out her hands: “Who else you know in this neighborhood gets this kind of service?”And we could all feel proud when the neighbors, folks who weren’t on relief, folks who had Daddies in their houses, would come by the back porch fro some of those hundred pounds of potatoes, for some sugar and flour and salty fish. We’d stand out there on the back porch and hand out the food like we were in charge of helping poor people, and then we’d take the food they brought us in return.And Momma came home one hot summer day and found we’d been evicted, thrown out into the streetcar zone with all our orange crate chairs and secondhand lamps. She flashed that big smile and dried our tears and bought some penny Kool-Aid. We stood out there and sold drinks to thirsty people coming off the streetcar, and we thought nobody knew we were kicked out—figured they thought we wanted to be there. And Momma went off to talk the landlord into letting us back in on credit.But I wonder about my Momma sometimes, and all the other black mothers who got up at 6 a.m. to go to the white man’s house with sacks over their shoes because it was so wet and cold. I wonder how they made it. They worked very hard for the man, they made his breakfast and they scrubbed his floors and they diapered his babies. They didn’t have to much time for us.I wonder about my Momma, who walked out of a white woman’s clean house at midnight and came back to her own where the lights had been out for three months, and the pipes were frozen and the wind came in through the cracks. She’d have to make deals with the rats: ;eave some food out for them so they would n’t gnaw on the doors or bite the babies. The roaches, they were just live part of the family.I wonder how she felt telling those white kids she took care of to brush their teeth after they ate, to wash their hands after they peed. She could never tell her own kids because there was n’t soap or water backhome.I wonder how my Momma felt when we came home from school with a list of vitamins and pills and cod liver oil the school nurse said we had to have. Momma would cry all night, and then go out and spend most of the rent money for pills. A week later, the white man would come for his eighteen dollars rent and Momma would plead with him to wait until tomorrow. She had lost her pocketbook. The relief check was coming. The white fold had some money for her. Tomorrow, I’d be hiding in the coal closet because there was only supposed to be two kids in the flat, and I could hear the rent man curse my Momma and call her a liar.I wonder how my Momma stayed so good and beautiful in her soul when she worked seven days a week on swollen legs and feel, how she kept teaching us to smile and laugh when the house was dark and cold and she never knew when one of her hungry kids was going to ask about Daddy.I wonder how she kept from teaching us hate when the social worker cam around. She was a nasty bitch with a pinched face who said, “We have reason to suspect you are working, Miss Gregory, and you can be sure I’m going to check on you. We don’t stand for welfare cheaters.”Momma, a welfare cheater. A criminal who couldn’t stand to see her kids go hungry, or grow up in slums and end up mugging people in dark corners. I guess the system didn’t want her to get off relief, the way it kept sending social workers around to be sure Momma wasn’t trying to make things better.I remember how that social worker would poke around the house, wrinkling her nose at the coal dust on the chilly linoleum floor, shaking her head at the buds crawling over the dirty dishes in the sink. My Momma would have to stand there and make like she was too lazy to keep her own house clean. She could never let on that she spent all day cleaning another woman’s house for two dollars and carfare. She would have to follow that nasty bitch around those drafty three rooms, keeping her fingers crossed that the telephone hidden in the closet wouldn’t ring. Welfare cases weren’t supposed to have telephone.But Momma figured that some day the Gregory kids were going to get off North Taylor Street and into a world where they would have to compete with kids who grew up with telephones in their houses. She didn’t want us to be at a disadvantage. She couldn’t explain that to social worker. And she couldn’t explain that while she was out spoon-feeding somebody else’s kids, she was worrying about her own kids, that she could rest her mind by picking up the telephone and calling us-to find out if we had bread for our baloney or baloney for our bread, to see if any of us and gotten run over by the streetcar while we played in the gutter, to make sure the house hadn’t burnt down from the papers and magazines we stuffed in the stove when the coal ran out.11. From the passage, we can learn that the author’s mother was _____.A) cynical and lazyB) optimistic and hard-workingC) critical and passiveD) pessimistic and intolerant12. Implied but not stated about the author’s family is that ____.A) the family lived in a rented flatB) the father didn’t live with themC) the family was actually very richD) the author’s mother got divorced several times13. Why did the author’s mother smile and say those words when the big relief truck came?A) Because she was greeting the truck driver.B) Because she was trying to relieve her nervousness.C) Because she did not want her children to feel inferior to their neighbors.D) Because she was proud in accepting this kind of service.14. When the family were driven out of the rented flat, the author’s mother ____.A) cursed her bad luck and gave up in despairB) was indignant and criticized her children severely for disobeying herC) was frantic and looked for a flat everywhereD) appeared calm and managed to solve the problem by persuading the landlord to let them back15. Why did the author have to hide in the coal closet when the landlord came to collect rent?A) Because the author wanted to play games with the landlord.B) Because there was no room for the author to stay in.C) Because the author wanted to frighten the landlord away.D) Because the landlord allowed only two children in the flat.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (每题1.5分，共30分)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose ONE answer that completed the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. If I work hard, I think I can _________ my goal of getting 6 A’s at the end of the semester.A) manage B) summarize C) accomplish D) apply17. Their investment turned out to be a failure and the manager was accused of _________ his duties.A) inserting B) investigating C) distracting D) neglecting18. He could be ________ about everything else in the world, but not about Manet, his loving child.A) extreme B) essential C) visual D) critical19. If you want to be a good speaker, you must _________ your own style of writing.A) contrast B) continue C) exaggerate D) evolve20. The school will give_________ to English and computer studies.A) principle B) priority C) principal D) proof21. I chose my words carefully in order to avoid _________ anyone.A) evolving B) emerging C) embarrassing D) exaggerating22. They claimed that they knew how to play the system and __________ it.A) hold to B) blend into C) make up for D) get away with23. These college students _______ being praised because of saving the drowned child.A) dessert B) desert C) deserve D) assert24. His thoughts were _________ from the subject by the arrival of his friends.A) attracted B) suffered C) distracted D) related25. The young man knew __________ that he should have married his first love Emily.A) in retrospect B) on occasion C) in due course D) in the least26. Witnesses showed the police the exact __________ of the accident.A) proof B) treatment C) location D) contrast27. Highly trained staff are well __________ to give practical advice to students when they select courses.A) stretched B) interrupted C) disturbed D) qualified28. Vivid memories came flooding back of the __________, romantic sophomore year.A) enormous B) glorious C)delicious D) conscientious29. The international community is ready to work __________ against terrorism.A) in unison B) from all accounts C) on their own D) to the point30. Though online bookstores usually offer ________, don’t expect to save much.A) priorities B) exceptions C) discounts D) rewards31. The police department attempted to ____________ the list of suspects.A) narrow down B) take in C) come over D) hand down32. New employees who __________ in the last six weeks have not been tested.A) came aboard B) laid down C) opened up D) carried on33. After __________ all her ready excuses, she could think of nothing else to say.A) swallowing B) exhausting C) consuming D) inventing34. The college has a few ways to assess the quality of education __________.A) overall B) emotionally C) relevantly D) gloriously35. Members of the club __________ controversial issues such as religion.A) hold to B) catch up with C) steer clear of D) come up toPart III Cloze （第一篇每空1.5分；第二篇每空1分，共25分）Directions:There are two passages in this part. There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1With a few exceptions my Chinese colleagues ___36__the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. Since adults know how to place the key in the key slot, which is the ___37___ purpose of approaching the slot, and since the child is neither old enough nor clever enough to realize ___38___ the action on his own, what possible gain is achieved by having him struggle? He may well get ___39__and angry-----certainly not a desirable outcome. Why not show him what to do? He will be happy, he will learn how to accomplish the task sooner, and then he can ___40__to more complex activities, like opening the door or asking for the key---both of which accomplishments can (and should) in due course be modeled for him as well.We listened to such explanations ___41___and explained that, first of all, we did not much care whether Benjamin succeeded in inserting the key into the slot. He was having a good time and was exploring, two activities that did matter to us. But the critical point was that, in the___42__, we were trying to teach Benjamin that one can solve a problem effectively by oneself. Such __43__ is a principal value of child rearing in middle-class American. So long as the child is shown exactly how to do something ------ whether it __44__ a key in a key slot , drawing a hen or making up for a misdeed---he is less likely to figure out himself how to accomplish such a task. And, more generally, he is less __45__ to view life------ as Americans do ------ as a series of situations in which one has to learn to think for oneself, to solve problems on one’s own and even to discover new problems for which creative solutions are wanted.36. A) to be displayed B) displayed C) displaying D) to displayed37. A) ultimate B) relevant C) due D) remote38. A) desire B) desiring C) desired D) desirable39. A) frustrated B) confused C) stunned D) involved40. A) proceed B) decide C) select D) solve41. A) reluctantly B) certainly C) continually D) sympathetically42. A) following B) project C) course D) process43. A) self-reliance B) self-esteem C) self-support D) self-confidence44. A) is placed B) was placed C) be placed D) be placing45. A) unlikely B) likely C) willingly D) unwillinglyPassage 2Once he campaigned his way to the presidency, Carter occasionally managed ___46___ slip in a few hours at the carpenter's shed at Camp David, because, in his ___47___, "What we need in our lives is a stock of factors that never change. I think that skill with ___48___ own hands -- whether it's tilling the soil, building a house, making a piece of furniture, playing ___49___ violin or painting a painting -- is something that doesn't change with the ups and downs of life. And for me, going back to the earth or going back to the woodshop have always been opportunities to___50___ my basic skills. No matter if I was ___51___ in writing a book, ___52___ a political campaign, teaching at Emory University or dealing with international ___53___, I could always go back -- at least for a few hours at a time -- to the woodshop. That's meant an ___54___ lot to me. It's a kind of ___55___, but it's also a steadying force in my life -- a total rest for my mind.46. A) in B) to C) on D) for47. A) idea B) sense C) opinion D) mind48. A) his B) one’s C) their D) our49. A) an B) the C) / D) a50. A) practice B) accomplish C) prove D) reinforce51. A) involved B) involving C) involves D) involve52. A) conducting B) going C) protesting D) carrying53. A) incidents B) stories C) events D) affairs54. A) awed B) awful C) awesome D) awe55. A) therapy B) treatment C) medicine D) cure。
南昌大学2013-2014学年第一学期研究生英语试卷
the auspices The mortalityyears down the road.a plungeidentifiableless pronouncedfor immersionapparelsingle punditthe pivotalquery aerial cognition expression attest robotics meld cover vital arise guideline deploy recapitulate endow collection In the journal Science, Professor Sharkey calls for ethical guidelines to (1)_______ all aspects of robotic technology, not just in the home and workplace, but also on the battelfield, where lethal robots such as the missile-armed Predator drones used in Iraq and Afghanistan are already (2) _______ with lethal effect. The US Future Combat Systems project aims to use robots as “force multipliers”, with a single soldier initiating large-scale ground and (3)_______ attacks by a robot droid army. “Robots for care and for war represent just two of many ethically problematic areas that will soon (4)________ from the rapid increase and spreading diversity of robotics applications, ” Professor Sharkey said, “Scientists and engineers working in robotics must be mindful of the potential dangers of their work, and public and international discussion is (5)_____ in order to set policy guidelines for ethical and safe application beford the guidelines set themselves.” The call for controls over robots goes back to the 1940s when the science-fiction author Isaac Asimov drew up his famous three laws of (6)_______. The first rule stated that robots must not harm people; the second that they must obey the commands of people provided they does not conflict with the first law; and the third law was that robots must attempt to avoid harming themselves provided this was not in conflict with the two other laws. Asimov wrote a (7)______ of science fiction sories called I, Robot which exploited the issue of machines and morality. He wanted to counter the long history of fictional accounts of dangerous automatons --- from the Jewish Golem to Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein --- and used his three laws as a literary device to exploit the ethical issues arising from the human interaction with non-human, intelligent beings. But late 20th –century prdictions about the rise of machines (8) ______ with superior artificial intelligence have not been realized, although robot scientists have given their mechanical proteges (门客准智能的) traits such as simple speech 门客) quasi-intelligent (准智能的recognition, emotional (9) ________ and face recognition. Professor Starkey believe that even dumb robots need to be controlled. “I’m not suggesting like Asimov to put ethical rules into robots, but to just to have (10)______ on how robots are used, ” he said. “Current robots are not bright enough even to be called stupid. If I even thought they would be superior in intelligence, I would not have these concerns. They are dumb machines not much brighter thatn the average washing machine, and that’s the problem.” Part II: Reading comprehension ( 20%) In this part, you will read four passages. You are required to choose the best answer to each question according to the passage and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by blacking the letter in the brackets. Passage OneArchaeology（考古学） is a source of history, not just a humble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live—and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changed in the material world resulting from human action or ,more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The sum total of these constitute what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contract between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based upon written records.Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance. Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a Dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movementof troops on the battlefield may “change the course of history,” but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist’s standpoint. What is perhaps worse, most organic material are perishable . Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar materials will decay and vanish in dust in a few years or centuries, save under very exceptional conditions. In a relatively brief period the archaeological record is reduced to more scraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern archaeology, by applying appropriate techniques and comparative methods, aided by a few lucky finds from peat bogs deserts, and frozen soil is able to fill up a good deal of the gap.1.What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?A．To point out the importance of recent advances in archaeology.B．To describe an archaeologist’s education.C．To explain how archaeology is a source of history.D．To encourage more people to become archaeologists.2. The word “succinctly” in line 6 is closest in meaning to___A．concisely. B．briefly. C．clearly. D．appropriately.3. According to the passage, the archaeological record consists of ____A．spoken words of great historical significance.B．the fossilized results if human activity.materialsorganic materialsC．organicD．ephemeralideas.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an organic material?A．stone. B．wool. C．grass. D．hair.5. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses_____A．techniques for recording oral histories.B．certain battlefield excavation methods.C．some specific archaeological discoveries.D．building materials of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.Passage TwoThe modern age is age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic light to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more thantwo centuries ago, Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of recorded, they form an electroencephalogram , which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-often so mall that sensitiveinstruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can beastonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts). As many as four-fifth of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of its body.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric eels are potentially dangerous.B. Biology and electricity appear to be closely related.C. People would be at a loss without electricity.D. Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.2. The phrase “grope about” inline 3 could best be replaced by______.A. A. feel feel feel aboutB. about B. move move move aboutC. about C. flickerD. flicker D. run run run away away3. The author mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT_____.A. refrigerated food items may go bad.B. traffic light do not work.C. people must rely on candlelight.D. elevators and escalators do not function.4. Why does the author mention electric eels?A. To warn the reader to stay away from them.B. To compare their voltage to that used in houses.C. To give an example of a living electrical generator.D. To describe a new source of electrical power.5. It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel is the ______. A. more beneficial it will be to scienceB. more powerful will be its electrical chargeC. easier it will be to fidD. tougher it will be to eatPassage ThreeThe difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions oftemperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and fills it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends to diffuse throughout the space available, it must therefore be kept in a closed container or held by a gravitational field, as in the case of a planet’satmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories describing the phase of matter. In the nineteenth century , for example ， one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are made up of different kids of molecules: liquidond and gasons. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure and they both flow readily. They are fluids.The fundamental similarity of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. Suppose a closed containerpartially filled with a liquid is heated .The liquid expands, or in other words becomes less dense as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination oftemperature and pressure at which the densities become equal is called the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be distinguished; there is single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.1. According to the passage ,the difference between a liquid and a gas under normal conditions on Earth is that the liquid______.A. is affected by changes in pressureB. has a permanent structureC. C. forms forms forms a a a free free free surfaceD. surface D. is is is considerably considerably considerably more more more common common2. It can be inferred from the passage that the gases of the Earth’s atmosphere are contained by_________.A. A. a a a closed closed closed surfaceB. surface B. the the the gravity gravity gravity of of of the the the planet planetC. C. the the the field field field of of of spaceD. space D. its its its critical critical critical point point3. According to the passage, in the nineteenth century some scientists viewed liquidons and gasons as ________.A. A. fluidsB. fluids B. dissolving dissolving dissolving particles particlesC. heavy moleculesD. different types of molecules4. According to the passage , what happened when the temperature is increased in a closed container holding a liquid?a. the liquid and gas phases become more similar.b. the liquid and the gas become less dense.c. the container expands.d. the liquid evaporates out of the container.5. According to the passage, which of the following is the best definition of the critical point?a. when the temperature and the pressure are raised除草劑：巴斯德通过大量科学实验证明，如果生奶加工时温度超过℃，℃， 则其中的营养物质和生物活性物质会被大量破坏，但如果低于℃时，则其营养物质和生活活性物质被保留，并且有害菌大部分被杀灭，有些有益菌却被存留。
南昌大学专升本学位英语考试真题
南昌大学专升本学位英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1South China University of TechnologyUndergraduate Entrance ExaminationEnglish Test (Specialized for Non-English Major)Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences, you will find four choices of words underlined. Choose the one word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.Example: Tom have decided to enter a trade school.A. TomB. haveC. decidedD. to enterAnswer: B1. Will you spend much in preparing for your exams?A. WillB. muchC. inD. for2. Until you showed your ticket , the authentication officer wouldn't let you enter the stadium .A. showedB. authenticationC. wouldn't letD. stadium3. Because Nick only knows Spanish, he discotinued his study in France and returned to Spanish university .A. NickB. SpanishC. discotinuedD. university4. Every student needs to take the first-year examinations and they effect the selection and distribution of following courses .A. EveryB. first-yearC. effectD. following5. Once you stop working, you would forget everything you were used to do everyday .A. OnceB. stopC. youD. werePart II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer based on the passage.Passage 1One of the things I dislike most is the television. Peopleseem to spend hours every day watching it. This is a complete waste oftime. Some of the programs can be useful and can help improve our generalknowledge, but these are few and far between. Most of time is lost watchinguninteresting and unimportant programs.TV is bad for our eyes and our health. Sitting in front of atelevision set for hours on end can damage our eyes permanently. It canalso make us lazy. Sometimes we would rather sit and watch a game on TVthan go outside and play, or do something useful. People who spend toomuch time watching TV are often overweight, because they do not take enoughexercise. In addition, too much television makes us dull and uninteresting.Television can be very educational, but only if we are very careful aboutwhat we watch and how long we watch it.1. The writer is probably a person who ________.A. enjoys watching televisionB. dislikes spending too much time watching TVC. watches TV for only a few hours each dayD. doesn't watch television at all2. What is the writer's attitude toward television?A. It is a complete waste of time.B. Some programs are useful.C. Watching TV is harmless.D. Watching TV can be harmful.3. What is bad for our health according to the statement?A. The television setB. Watching TV for hoursC. Watching interesting programsD. Too much TV.4. According to the writer, television can be educational if ______.A. we don't watch the programsB. we spend too much time watching TVC. we are not interested in the programsD. we are careful about what we are watchingPassage 2Thinking overweight causes health concerns people oftentry to slim, but most find that dieting does not workover the long term. Two recent studies help explain why.One survey looks at the eating habits of twins. This isuseful because twins have similar genes, but may actively chosedifferent sorts of food. Overall, results suggest that obesity seemsto be controlled by genes. Another study monitor people who had justlost weight and found a biological explanation for weight regain.Their metabolism slowed and their muscle disappear. The consequenceof both studies is that equal opportunities cannot eliminate obesity.1. Why do people often try to slim down according to the passage?A. They want to build muscle.B. They want to be healthy.C. They want the same genes as twins.D. They want to know why dieting doesn't work.2. What did one survey look at to understand the reasons behind obesity?A. Dieting habits in societyB. Similar genes in twinsC. Biological explanations for weight regainD. Eating habits of both twins3. How do the results suggest obesity is controlled?A. By metabolic rateB. By similar genesC. By disappearing musclesD. By active food choices4. What could potentially prevent obesity, according to the studies?A. Weight gainB. Equal opportunitiesC. Weight lossD. Genetic factorsPassage 3People were going to marry, and to marry in their own country theydid. But that was in the days when people did marry in their own country,as (sadly) many of them don't do now. Rich Americans still marry inAmerica; the poor marry in England; everywhere in fact, but in theirown country, and there are few to speak for England in this matter.What is happening to England? It ought to be the first country to bechosen by its loveliest girls and most romantic men. They ought to wanttheir children to be English. Mary-Kate Olsen's children ought to beEnglish, but they can't be, for she is English, and lives in Hong Kong.1. What do many people no longer do when they get married, according to the passage?A. Leave their own countryB. Stay in their own countryC. Choose rich partnersD. Marry their own race2. Who still marries in their home country?A. Wealthy AmericansB. Poor AmericansC. Both rich and poor AmericansD. Rich British citizens3. According to the author, very few people are speaking for ______ in terms of marriage choices.A. AmericaB. EnglandC. IndiaD. China4. Why does the author think that England should be the first choice for getting married?A. Because it is a romantic countryB. Because it has better opportunitiesC. Because the weather is betterD. Because of the author's personal biasPart III Writing (40 points)Directions: Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:Advantages and Disadvantages of Alternative Energy SourcesAlternative energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, have become increasingly popular in recent years as the effects of climate change become more apparent. These sources of power are considered clean and renewable, making them more sustainable than traditional fossil fuels. Additionally, alternative energy sources have the potential to reduce our dependence on foreign oil and create new jobs in the renewable energy sector.However, there are also disadvantages to alternative energy sources. They can be expensive to set up and may not be as reliable as traditional power sources. Some forms of alternative energy, such as wind and solar power, require vast amounts of land, which can be a challenge in densely populated areas. Additionally, the initial investment in alternative energy infrastructure can be costly, leading some to question the viability of these sources in the long term.Despite these drawbacks, many believe that alternative energy sources are essential for addressing climate change and reducing our reliance on finite resources. As technology continues to advance, the efficiency and affordability of alternative energy sources are likely to improve, making them an increasingly viable option for meeting our energy needs in the future.End of Examination以上是南昌大学专升本学位英语考试的真题，希望考生们认真备考，把握好考试机会。
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南昌大学大学英语测试卷No.1Part I Listening Comprehension ( 20%) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four suggested answers marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the best answer to each question. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Many teachers believe that the responsibility for learning lies with students. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or give an examination. (Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams.) The ideal student is considered to be one who is encouraged to learn for the purpose of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Some students may be frustrated with teachers who do not believe it is necessary to grade every assignment. Sometimes homework is returned with short written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, students should learn the material assigned.When research is assigned, the professor expects students to begin and to complete the assignment with minimum instruction. It is the student’s responsibility to find books and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works; they expect students, especially graduate students (研究生), to be able to find what they need in the library.Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students not depend on them too much. This is different from teacher-student relationships in other countries. In the United States, professors have other duties in addition to teaching. Often they do some administrative (行政的) work within their departments. In addition, they may be required to write articles and books. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either ask a professor for help during office hours or make an appointment(预约).26. What does the author mean by saying that “Courses are not designed merely for students to pass exams”?(A)Students study hard only for exams.(B)Teachers think it necessary for their students to fail exams.(C)Teachers think that the only purpose of studying hard is to pass exams.(D)The purpose of designing course is not only for passing exams.27. According to the 2nd paragraph, students in the United States should ________.(A)depend more on themselves than on professors(B)plan their time and sequence their work(C)always follow the professors’ advice(D)find a suitable place for studying28. If students need the advice of their teachers, they should ________.(A)put forward their questions in class(B)go to their teachers’ office(C)find some excuses to see teachers at home(D)turn to their teachers during the break29. Students who _______ in the United States are considered good ones.(A)pay more attention to good scores(B)have the desire to learn by themselves(C)are good at learning words by heart(D)know much about computers30. American professors may be required to spend more of their time ________.(A)knowing what is on their s tudents’ mind(B)helping students finish their assignments(C)writing articles(D)instructing students’ researchPassage TwoQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Valentine’s Day (圣瓦伦丁节，情人节) was the time my father chose to show his love for the special people in his life. Over the years I fondly thought of him as my “Valentine Man”.At the age of six, on Valentine’s Day morning, I got a card signed “Love, Dad” for the first time and a gift of a ring with a small piece of red glass. As I grew older, the gifts gave way to heart-shaped boxes filled with my favorite chocolates and always included a special card signed “Love, Dad”. Year by year, the cards seemed less important, and I thought the valentine (圣瓦伦丁节送给异性的卡片或礼物等) would always be there. I had placed my hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from “important others”, and “Love, Dad” just didn’t seem quite enough.If my father knew then that he had been replaced, he never let it show. If he sensed any disappointment over valentines that didn’t arrive from me, he just tried that much harder to create a positive atmosphere (气氛), giving me an extra hug (拥抱) and doing what he could to make my day a little brighter.On Valentine’s Day eight years ago I received a card addressed to me in my mother’s handwriting (笔迹). On the inside, my mother had printed “Happy Valentine’s Day” and my father had signed “Love, Dad”. It was the kind of card that put tears in my eyes because I knew this would be the last I would receive from him.His final card remains on my desk today. It’s a reminder of how special fathers can be and how important it has been to me over the years to know that I had a father who continued a tradition (传统) of love with simple acts of understanding and had the ability to express happiness to the people in his life.31. Why did the writer think of her father as her “Valentine Man” over the years?(A)Her father had given her a valentine on Valentine’s Day to show his love, understanding and happi ness.(B)She had placed her hopes and dreams in receiving cards and gifts from her father on Valentine’s Day(C)Her father created a positive atmosphere and made her day brighter on Valentine’s Day(D)She missed her father very much on V alentine’s Day after he died32. When the writer grew older, her father’s card seemed less important because ________.(A)she was no longer interested in Valentine’s Day(B)she thought her father’s valentine wasn’t enough and hoped to get more from others(C)her boyfriend took the place of her father(D)she did not like the design of the cards her father sent her33. When the writer was disappointed about the valentines she did not receive, her father _______.(A)gave her another heart-shaped box filled with her favorite chocolates(B)tried to talk with her about something else(C)told her to place her hopes and dreams away from others(D)comforted her by doing what he could to make her happy34. Why was the writer’s last valentine written in her mother’s writing?(A)Her mother wanted to show her love too.(B)Her father was so busy that he had no time to mail the card.(C)Her father was too ill to mail a card.(D)Her father wanted to give her a surprise.35. The writer put her father’s final card on her desk in order to ________.(A)remember her father and his love(B)show it to her colleagues (同事)(C)think of the past life of her father(D)get encouragement from her fatherPassage ThreeQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men. The gay (同性恋的) community was very much in sight and vocal (呼声高的) and successfully got support for its cause. Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do. In most cases, the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men, however, are usually the ones who have insurance (保险), income and access to doctors. They get care. Women often do not.The discrimination (歧视) against HIV-positive women is simply terrible. They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease. This is not at all true. They get it from a man. They don’t just simply have HIV. Of course, there’s a social discrimination against all people with HIV. They are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore, be discriminated against. For example, it’s very difficult for people with HIV to travel. They are not allowed to enter many countries, including the United States, China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation (孤立). Once the woman knows she’s HIV-positive, she lives in fear that other people will find out. She’s so frightened she will go into hiding, into an isolated place by herself. It’s not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone, except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick. But HIV-positive women who get support, who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it —whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights —are likely to live longer. Active women don’t die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.36. Women with HIV were ignored for a long time because _________.(A)their effort to attract attention was not as successful as the HIV men’s(B)they often lived in a community that was hardly noticed by others(C)HIV men were the only concern over a long time(D)They failed to get support37. Which of the following statements is not true?(A)HIV-positive women make up nearly half of all AIDS cases in the world.(B)The gay community succeeded in getting support.(C)The high level of infection among women has been taken seriously.(D)There is social discrimination against all people with HIV.38. According to the passage, it’s difficult for women to deal with HIV but not because ________.(A)they often lose their jobs after other people find out they are HIV-positive(B)they usually have the family problem(C)they often have no access to doctors(D)they have little time left to take care of themselves39. Countries such as the United States and China are mentioned in the article in order to show that ________.(A)there are more AIDS cases in those countries(B)it is not convenient for HIV-positive people to travel(C)HIV-positive people are usually discriminated against(D)people who are HIV-positive are afraid that these countries will find out40. Which of the following does the passage show to us that active women don’t do?(A)Get support from others.(B)Discuss their trouble with their doctors only.(C)Struggle for their rights.(D)Take better care of themselves.Passage FourQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:About 16 million people in the United States have lost some of their hearing. About 2 million others are extremely or completely deaf. They can’t hear speech of most other sounds in their everyday life, even with a hearing aid to make sound louder.There are several kinds of hearing loss. The first kind results from disease or injury to the outer or middle part of the ear. The damage prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear. Usually, this form of hearing loss is not extreme. And a hearing aid or medical treatment can often restore hearing. A second kind of hearing loss involves the nerves(神经). It is caused by damage to the inner ear. A loud noise or disease may destroy some of the tiny nerve cells(细胞) that carry sound. People suffering this kind of damage may loss the ability to hear some sounds, high or low. The third kind of deafness is called a central hearing loss. It is caused by damage to the hearing nerves leading to the brain or in the brain itself.Deafness is the most common bodily disability(残疾) in America. Often nothing can be done to stop it. But many cases can be prevented. One simple thing is responsible for most hearing loss. That one thing is noise. Telephone bell, loud music, machines. In industrial countries, especially, these things make the world very noisy. Studies have shown that old men in quiet African villages have much better hearing than young people in America. Other sources of deafness include accidents, drugs and illnesses.41. What kind of hearing loss mentioned in the passage is the most serious?(A) The first kind.(B) The second kind.(C) The third kind.(D) None.42. Hearing loss caused by damage to ________ can often be restored.(A) the outer ear.(B) the inner ear.(C) the nerves.(D) the brain.43. Which of the following is not a source of deafness?(A) Loud music(B) Bodily disability.(C) Accidents.(D) Some drugs.44. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.(A) developed countries are more noisy.(B) nothing can be done to prevent loss of hearing.(C) old people suffer less from hearing loss.(D) 16 million Americans have lost their hearing.45. Which of the following statements is not true?(A) Deafness is very common in America.(B) Hearing nerves are most important to one’s hearing.(C) There are different causes of hearing loss.(D) Hearing aids can always help deaf people hear clearly.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.46.I’ll trade you five comic books ________ your briefcase.(A) with (B) in (C) for (D) to47.I’ve just ________ a beautiful poem in this book bought in the secondhand bookshop.(A) come across (B) come about (C) come out (D) come through48.Mary has also ________ all hopes of seeing me again.(A) given in (B) given up (C) given back (D) given out49.The international situation changes so quickly nowadays that you cannot _____it.(A) keep up with (B) keep at (C) keep on (D) keep to50.Not only ___ my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English.(A) I lost (B) I did lose (C) had I lost (D) did I lose51.She was tired of the ________ noise of the clock while she was trying to sleep.(A) continuous (B) constant (C) continual (D) consistent52.The frightened man reached _______ the telephone and quickly dialed a number.(A) for (B) on (C) at (D) up53.The hose (软管) was throwing too much water so I ______ the water a little bit.(A) turned up (B) turned to (C) turned down (D) turned away54.Sandy had ______ her best clothes for this dating.(A) put up (B) put out (C) put aside (D) put on55.I am anxious about leaving the baby ________ in the house.(A) lonely (B) alone (C) lone (D) none56.Don’t ask him how he is because if he starts talking about his health, you’ll never ________ him.(A) get down to (B) get through (C) get over (D) get away from57.Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate _______.(A) in a way (B) in no way (C) in some way (D) in ways58.He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just _____.(A)sit and watch (B) sitting and watching(C) to sit and watch (D) on sitting and watching59.My father died just before the Second World War _______.(A) broke out (B) broke in (C) broke down (D) broke up60.Tomorrow’s match has been _______ because of the icy weather.(A) called in (B) called off (C) called for (D) called on61.How do you think you’re going to fit all that _______ into a car.(A) staff (B) stiff (C) stuff (D) still62.At the age of 8 she made ______ her mind to become a doctor.(A) out (B) up (C) on (D) forward63.The government committed itself ______ spending ten million pounds on new roads.(A) to (B) in (C) at (D) on64.Since he fell ill last October, his wife has given up her own work to ______ him.(A) look over (B) look into (C) look out (D) look after65.I have dark rings under my eyes from lack ______ sleep.(A) at (B) of (C) out (D) to66.He could not account ______ his foolish mistake.(A) of (B) on (C) for (D) with67.Young children soon ______ the words they hear their elder use.(A) pick at (B) pick on (C) pick out (D) pick up68.Another 185,000 of the one million infected ______ the HIV virus are also expected to die.(A) with (B) of (C) to (D) up69.______ place of government inactivity (怠惰), a number of local organizations have emerged.(A) In (B) At (C) On (D) With70.Will you please ______ that book to me from the shelf?(A) hand back (B) hand down (C) hand in (D) hand out71.Without your help, we ______ the accomplishments we have made.(A) would not have made (B) didn’t make(C) don’t make (D) will not make72.It was in that small room ______ they worked hard and dreamed of better days to come.(A) where (B) which (C) in which (D) that73.Contrary ______ all advice he started to climb the mountain during a storm.(A) for (B) in (C) to (D) with74.I like to ______ my high-school days.(A) look into (B) look out (C) look down on (D) look back on75.Mary’s score on the t est is the highest in the class. She ______ very hard.(A) must have studied (B) must study(C) should have studied (D) should studyPart IV Cloze(10%)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.A contract (合同) is an agreement between two or more people (76) _____ one person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by (77) _____. Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both (78) _____. It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by oneperson in (79) _____ for what is given or done by the other. If one person does (80) _____ was promised and the other may be sued (控告，起诉) in court and required by court order to make good. He or she (81) _____ also be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things (82) _____ by both parties must be stated in definite terms (83) _____ the court will hold that the contract is (84) _____ vague (模糊的) and general to be enforced. (85) _____, the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.76. (A) in which (B) that (C) which (D) on that77. (A) another (B) the other (C) other (D) others78. (A) parts (B) parties (C) people (D) aspects79. (A) replace (B) payment (C) change (D) exchange80. (A) that (B) the thing (C) what (D) something81. (A) need (B) ought (C) has (D) may82. (A) to be done (B) done (C) to do (D) being done83. (A) and (B) else (C) or (D) so84. (A) so (B) rather (C) too (D) over85. (A) Similar (B) Similarly (C) The same (D) TooPart V Translation (10 %)Directions: Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English, using the words or phrases provided.86.做科学研究不容易，不仅需要时间、精力和经验，还需要具有自制力和奉献精神（discipline and commitment）。