Canadian Bilingual Education
Bilingual Education
Bilingual Education10级英语五班钱姣袁思琪黄婉秋尚慧英肖伊刘甜甜In the broad sense, b ilingual education can be defined as the education concerned with two different languages in school.In the narrow sense, b ilingual education refers to “the use of the second or foreign language in school for the teaching of concept subjects”.Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, that’s to say, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.Professor Xing Fuyi(刑福义), the manager of researchers for language, thinks that with the rapid development of our country and society, it is indeed important to learn English. But some kind of bilingual education not only takes up some time for learning Chinese, but also makes the pupils misunderstand English from their young time. The pupils will think that English is superior to any other language. He disagree such king of bilingual education.In his opinion, the school should attach importance to the realization of Chinese, but not the teaching of English, and cultivate their sense of pride of Chinese.The linguistician Li Yuming(李宇明) thinks that learning English is not contradictory to our mother tongue, and they cannot be separated from each other. With the appearance of so many bilingual people and the enforcement of bilingual circumstances, it is the progress of our peoples.But in fact, the phenomenon of favoring and worshiping foreign language and undervaluing the importance of our mother tongue is becoming more and more serious, which may threaten the future of our country.Zhang Xiaojun(张晓军), the secretary of the National Bilingual Research Center, speaking highly of bilingual education, points out that the existing bilingual education is faced with many problems.The most immediate problem is the lack of skilled staff to use a foreign language proficiently to teach students.Doctor. Keith Baker(贝克) in American ,has been doing a research on bilingual education. The results of the research proves bilingual education to be unpractical and invalid. In the view of him, the bilingual education system cannot improve students’English, though there is a promising future for bilingual education.Laura Sahramaa(萨赫拉马), an expert in Virginia, considers that bilingual persons noticeably show much more flexible language ability and a clearer state of mind than monolingual persons, especially from a early age.There are some different opinions on bilingual education from different walks of society.A worker, in his middle age, thinks that bilingual education is good. The bilingual education applied in the early age of pupils makes children learn two different languages more fast than that of monolingualeducation.Zhangce, a college student, thinks that it is important to popularize bilingual education. As far as she is concerned, bilingual education can make students more competitive and it is necessary for the rapid development of our country .A student in Houston of American named Hu Y uxia says that in her university the teachers teach classes only by English. In her opinions, it’s better for her that teachers teach classes using English. It will help her improve her English speaking rapidly. However, for the immigrant students of primary schools, bilingual education is better. It can realize a sort of equal education for all the students.The professor, Liu Shiping in Wuhan Donghu College holds that to make bilingual education operate efficiently is quite difficult in China, though he cannot agree it more.Because the situation of China’s society and the education system cannot provide a good environment for bilingual education. If China pass laws to ensure the implement of it , the future of bilingual education is promising.A civil servant named Zhang Zhigang says that it’s impractical to carry out bilingual education and he disagree it in that he thinks the children has’t enough time and energy to learn another language in their childhood and the school also cannot supply an excellent environment for them to study two kinds of languages .Our own opinions are as followings:Treety is for the early bilingual education. In her eyes,the practical effect of early bilingual education is to lay a foundation for acquiring broad knowledge and enriching experience. For instance, if she were an early tester of bilingual education, majoring in English, her main focus, as soon as she entered university,will be on its culture, rather than on “Four Skills”, which can preferably realize intercultural communication and expand her personal horizons.Candy thinks that bilingual education is good for the students. V arious styles of bilingual education can improve the relationship among different nations and improve the teachers’ performance and the students’learning ability. In modern society, the people who can speak more than a kind of language are in great demand. So bilingual education can increase the ability of learning two kinds of languages and also create a harmony atmosphere for learning.Sarah is in favor of the bilingual education of American. At first, the aim of it is assuring the immigran ts’ children who can accept better education, especially for the students who came from the countries whose people’ s English are very po or. If the teachers of American schools teach completely by English. The immigrant students could hardly understand what the teachers say especially of the professional words. It will bring much trouble for their study. However, it also faces a big problem., that isthe educational found. It will cost more found. In this way, though the legal laws has been passed, it is difficult to implement it all over the country. The Educational Apartment should take more measures to assure the bilingual education .Jade thinks that to carry out bilingual education in China is a little difficult. Because China cannot provide a suitable environment for the realization of bilingual education and lacks professional staff teaching students to learn two different languages. Children, burdened with so many kinds of different subjects, haven’t enough energy and ability to acquire two languages successfully..Sikey can not agree bilingual education more. In the view of her, to get an early touch with another language can improve the student’s senses of language and arise their interests of languages.The authorities should take valid measures to enforce the implement of bilingual education.Elva, speaking highly of bilingual education, says that one goal of bilingual education is to learn the words of native language and increase the children’s learning ability. But the implement of bilingual education will greatly reduce the children's English ability, resulting in their poor test scores in school. If China wants to make bilingual education a success,it has a long way to go.。
新视野试卷三级试卷及答案
新视野试卷三级试卷及答案New Horizon College English T estBand ThreeI. Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) The pear B) The weather C) The sea food D) The cold2. A) Mary has never studied mathematics.B) Mary must be good at mathematics.C) Mary enjoys learning mathematics.D) Mary probably is poor at mathematics.3. A) Geo rge’s brother C) George’s wifeB) George’s father D) George’s father-in-law4. A) She can use his car.B) She can borrow someone else’s car.C) She must get her car fixed.D) She can’t borrow his car.5. A) At 2:35 B) At 2:45 C) At 3:00 D) At 3:156. A) To the bank. C) To a shoe store.B) To a book store. D) To the grocer’s7. A) Near the station. C) In the city.B) In the countryside. D) Near her work place.8. A) At a cigarette store. C) At a gas station.B) At a bus station. D) At Aunt Mary’s.9. A) From upstairs. C) From the Nelsons’ house.B) From the next door. D) From the back door.10. A) The choice of courses. C) An evening course.B) A day course. D) Their work.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 passages. After each passage, yo u will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Questions 11-14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Three bills of euthanasia were introduced in the Lords.B) The House of Lords passed one bill of euthanasia.C) Mercy killing was made legal under supervised conditions.D) The first meeting of the Voluntary Euthanasia Society was held in Britain.12. A) It has been a topic of controversy since 1936.B) It was introduced in 1978 but it was rejected.C) Several bills have been introduced since 1978.D) Bills of euthanasia have increased steadily over the years.13. A) The right to die with respect.B) The right to escape being seen by others.C) The right to choose whichever way one desires.D) The right to avoid the painful and embarrassing hospital treatment.14. A) The hopelessly and critically ill.B) Anyone who decides to take his own life.C) The old who suffer from an illness for too long.D) A minority of people who believe in euthanasia.Questions 15-17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) He missed the appointment. C) He was sick.B) He arrived late. D) He was very busy.16. A) He was busy sightseeing.B) He couldn’t reach Mr. Jordan’s office.C) He didn’t want to see Mr. Jordan any more.D) He didn’t want to take the trouble making i t.17. A) The trip didn’t do any good to his health.B) The trip was a complete disappointment.C) The trip was a enjoyable but not fruitful in terms of business.D) The trip made it possible for him to meet many interesting people.Questions 18-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He lost consciousness. C) He was seriously injured.B) He was slightly wounded. D) He was buried under an icebox.19. A) About four days. C) A day and a half.B) Around eight days. D) More than six days.20. A) His father pulled him out in time. C) He left the area before the earthquake.B) He stayed in an icebox. D) Their house escaped the earthquake.II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: Read the following passage(s); carefully and do the multiple-choice questions.(10 points)Text 1Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion（拥挤）. One proposed solution to this problem is the autom ated highwaysystem.When the auto enters the highway system, retractable（可伸缩的）arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer（蜂鸣器）that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. (285 words)21. One significant improvem ent in the future car will probably be ________.A) its power source B) its driving systemC) its monitoring system D) its seating capacity22. What is the author's main concern?A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D) How to develop an automated subway system.23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A) A rail. B) An engine.C) A retractable arm. D) A computer controller.24. In an autom ated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.A) keep in the right laneB) wait to arrive at his destinationC) keep in constant touch with the computer centerD) inform the system of his destination by phone25. What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?A) Enthusiastic. B) Pessimistic. C) Optimistic. D) Cautious.Text 2What should you think about in trying to find your career? You are probably better at someschool subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong or weak subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to rem ember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is bitter to face any weaknesses than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work. (303 words)26. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?A) The importance of doing well at school.B) Using school performance to help to choose a career.C) The importance of being good at all subjects.D) The indirect value of schoolwork.27. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably ______.A) a waste of time that could have been spent on studyB) useful for his future workC) a good way to earn extra moneyD) a good way to find out his weak points28. According to the passage, if a student's school record is not good, he ______.A) will be a complete failure in his future workB) will not be able to find a suitable jobC) will regret not having worked harder at schoolD) may do well in his future work29. Which subject is supposed to have no direct value for jot hunting?A) Mathematics. B) English. C) Technical Drawing. D) History.30. The whole passage centers on ______.A) choosing a career according to what one is skilled inB) acquiring knowledge by working hard at schoolC) finding one's strong and weak pointsD) developing one's abilities useful in school workText 3As a Canadian bilingual (双语的) teacher, I agree that the Canadian bilingual schools have been successful in producing functionally bilingual students. However, Mr. Whelpton's suggested condition that teachers in these schools must be fully bilingual may be unnecessary. For example, primary teachers can and do function with a smaller vocabulary than secondary teachers.Secondly, it is doubtful that students will use English because the y "understand and accept the objective of making English the language of the classroom" which is a rather sterile motive. One reason that Canadian bilingual programs work is because of the commitment to Whole Language Learning, that is, children learn a language, (first or second), by using it to transmit (播送) or receive meaningful messages that are interesting, real and important. They want to make their needs and desires known and to understand the world around them. Bilingual programs integrate language and content in an activity-based, child-centred manner so that the child is motivated to use the second language as a tool to transmit and receive messages related to social and academic interests.Mr. Whelpton's third argument that all the students in one class need to be at approximately the same level of English proficiency (熟练) when they switch to English is unrealistic and unprofitable. How does a teacher group children who have a huge vocabulary but poor grammar skills and others who have correct grammar but a poor vocabulary? Also, suppose the students have similar language abilities but different learning styles! Hence the concept of co-operative learning: students with a mixture of personalities, talents and weaknesses (a more realistic reflection of life) learn better as they co-operate (合作), instead of compete, and depend on each other for support and information. (280 words)31. How would you describe the writer's style?A) The passage is written in an academic style.B) The passage is written in a journalistic style.C) The passage is written in a personal style.D) The passage is written on the basis of widespread research in the areA)32. How would you describe the writer's attitude towards the Canadian bilingual programmes?A) Balanced. B) Unenthusiastic. C) Supportive. D) Critical.33. In paragraph 1 the writer ________.A) agrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argumentB) agrees partially with Mr. Whelpton's argumentC) disagrees completely with Mr. Whelpton's argumentD) is overwhelmingly critical of Mr. Whelpton's argument34. In paragraph 2 "sterile" is closest in meaning to________.A) uninformative B) unusual C) stereotypical D) uninspiring35. According to the writer the Canadian bilingual programs have been a success ________.A) because students accept the objective of making English the language of the classroomB) because students study in classrooms where everybody is at about the sam e levelC) because the students can use their first language freelyD) because they work towards real life goalsText 4If sustainable competitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of hum an resource managem ent is central usually the second most important, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.While American firms often have the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do).the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipm ent is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff theprocesses that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.36. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.B) They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own bu siness.C) They attach more importance to workers than to equipment.D) They only hired skilled workers because of keen competition.37. What is the position of the head of human resource managem ent?A) He is one of the most important executives in the firm.B) His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced.C) He is directly under the chief financial executive.D) He has no say in making important decisions in the firm.38. The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to________.A) workers who can operate new equipmentB) technological and managerial staffC) workers who lack basic ground skillsD) top executives39. What's the main idea of the passage?A) American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management.B) Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management.C) The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy.D) The human resource management strategies of American firms will affect their competitive capacity.40. According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm's competitive advantage is ___________.A) the introduction of new technologiesB) the improvem ent of workers' skillsC) the rational composition of professional and managerial employeesD) the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employeesIII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: Choose the best one to complete each sentence.41. I much prefer factual books such as biographies to _______ of any kind.A) imagination B) narration C) fiction D) romantics42. The storm delayed us. _______ the storm we would have been in time.A) But for B) If it were not C) With D) Unless43. Shaking hands is a ______ way of greeting.A) conventional B) conditional C) original D) conversational44. The test results are not very _______. He does well one week and badly the next.A) consequent B) consistent C) continuous D) convince45. We believe that these illustrations will _____ some light on the point being discussed.A) show B) shine C) shed D) thrive46. There was a __________ growth of the light industries during the last twenties years.A) considerate B) considering C) considerable D) considered47. We must revise our plan ______ the light of these changes.A) for B) in C) on D) with48. The next big _______ confronting the workers is the questions of wages.A) issue B) stuff C) question D) matter49. I know nothing about the accident ______ it happened som ewhere near the highway.A) apart from B) except for C) besides D) except that50. The Americans still have several military ______ on the island.A) installments B) install C) installationsite D) installations51. Many disagreements have _______ when it came to the sharing of their father’s estates .A) risen B) arisen C) raised D) arrived52. When they got ready, the enemy plane flew out of the ______ of their guns.A) field B) limit C) extent D) range53. The United Kingdom ________ England, Wales, Scotland and No rthern Ireland.A) constitutes B) comprises C) composes D) consists54. All the key words in the article are printed in _________ type so as to attract readers' attention.A) dark B) dense C) black D) bold55. Once you have made your booking and paid a ________, then the cost of your holiday cannot be changed.A) deposit B) saving C) fund D) loan56. I don't like the noise of this air conditioner, but I've learned to _______ it.A) stay with B) stand with C) go with D) live with57. We trust that you will give special care to the packing of the goods ______ they should be damaged in transit (运输).A) so that B) lest C) if D) unless58. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should _______ his findings in logic order and clear language.A) furnish B) propose C) raise D) present59. My father always warns me not to i nterfere ______ matters that don’t concern me.A) with B) in C) on D) about60. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _______ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A) gather B) generate C) assemble D) yield61. The children are doing all kinds of things to win the _____of their parents.A. effect B) affection C) affect D) affectation62. We spent all day trying to ______ our new bookshelves with a screwdriver.A. resemble B) decorate C) assemble D) transfer63. He might arrive on time, but _____ are he will be late again.A) possibilities B) prospects C) probabilities D) chances64. He _____ from newspaper work to devote his full time to writing.A) abandoned B) quit C) withdrew D) reversed65. The work is not very profitable ______ money, but I am getting valuable experience from it.A) in line with B) in regard withC) by means of D) in terms of66. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be _______, and display interest in the job.A) timely B) swift C) instant D) punctual67. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really ________ of the reality that they represent.A) reflections B) demonstrations C) illuminations D) reproductions68. Though her parents _____ her musical ability, Jennifer's piano playing is really terrible.A) pour scorn on B) heap praise upon C) give vent to D) cast light upon69. Eating too much fat can ______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.A) attribute to B) attend to C) contribute to D) devote to70. The tremendous expense of full protection of endangered animals _______ the finances of the African countries which are far from rich and developed.A) stretches B) restrains C) scratches D) strainsII. Cloze (20 points)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose the correct ONE from the four choices given to fill in each blank. (20 points)The boat was full of timber and other goods but no(71) . Not even blood (72) remained behind. Maybe the craft was (73) in the fog. Still, no one was left (74) the floating grave. A new crew was (75) but maybe they had navigation problems, human (76) or probably just several (77) problems, this crew was lost, too. Since this (78) of the world is (79) by the Gulf Stream, there are many (80) valleys that are (81) deep under the (82) . Clouds, rain and other atmospheric (83) can cause a generator to go out. Many cruise (84) have reported to their bureau of many strange (85) that have taken place at almost the (86) point and they happened over several occasions in a(n) (87) period of history. They would go and examine the incidents and try to find out explanations. But, alas, it (88) as though the ocean has (89) all visible evidence away. To this day the Bermuda Triangle (90) a mystery.71. A) crew B) member C)passenger D)tourist72. A) points B) dirties C) pots D) stains73. A) missed B) dropped C) lost D) disappeared74. A) board B) broad C) aboard D) abroad75. A) set B) installed C) prepared D) fixed76. A) problem B) weaknesses C) error D)disaster77. A) machinery B) mechanism C) mechanical D) mechanic78. A) district B) region C) field D) area79. A) decided B) controlled C) conquered D) occupied80. A) unexpanded B) unexpected C) unexplored D) unexploded81. A) submerged B) subtitled C) submitted D) subdivided82. A) air B) land C) surface D) ocean83. A) chances B) conditions C) occasions D) surroundings84. A) vehicles B) craft C) boats D) vessels85. A) hits B) occurrences C) sensations D) statements86. A) critical B) identical C) practical D) theoretical87. A) extended B) intended C)tended D) extensive88. A) seems B) sees C)sounds D) says89. A) drank B) chopped C) swallowed D) sucked90. A) stays B) retains C) remains D) makes请将此页撕下上交！Part V Writing ( 15 points )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “My Opinions on Higher Education in China”. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.１．我自己对中国高等教育的看法（成就，问题或兼而有之）。
学前儿童英语教育
学前儿童英语教育第一章绪论学前儿童英语教育是新时期学前教育领域中不可回避的重要而现实的一个新课题。
而要研究和学习学前儿童英语教育，必须清楚学前儿童英语教育的基本含义、目前的研究现状,以及明确研究与学习的意义与方法。
本章主要就这些问题展开相关的阐述。
本章教学目的和要求：1.通过本章教学，让学生了解学前儿童英语教育的含义2.通过师生的共同谈论，让学生了解学前儿童英语教育研究现状3.通过本章教学，让学生知道研究和学习学前儿童英语教育的意义和方法本章教学重点和难点：1.阐述学前儿童英语教育的含义2.初步了解对实施学前儿童英语教育赞成者和不赞成者的两种不同的观点3.正确认识幼儿学习英语的意义本章教学形式和方法：1.课堂讲授法：教师讲解外语第二语言和双语、双语教育和外语教育、语言教育和教育语言等相关概念的辨析;学前儿童英语教育的含义2.课堂讨论法：分组讨论学前英语儿童教育实施的可行性3.范例引导法：以具体的实例分别阐述学前儿童英语教育的3种研究方法作业：1. 幼儿学习英语的意义有哪些？2. 学前儿童英语教育的3种研究方法分别是什么？第一节学前儿童英语教育的含义与全球教育战略相配合，外语教育在世界各国受到空前的重视。
90年代以来，外语教育在国际上出现了低龄化的趋势，在1989年的巴黎国际语言会议上提出了从幼儿开始进行外语教育的主张。
一些发达国家已逐步普及儿童外语教育，而且美国、德国、西班牙、瑞典等国都在幼儿园开设了外语学习班。
目前，我国教育部对儿童外语教育给予高度重视，教育部在2001年颁布了《关于积极推进小学开设英语的通知》，并决定从2001年起，在全国小学中逐步开设英语课；同时，家长也对广大外语教育工作者寄予厚望。
因此，对儿童外语教育的作探索性的研究已迫在眉捷。
一、若干相关概念的辨析为更好地理解学前儿童英语教育的含义，我们有必要将与此相关的若干概念作一辨析。
(一)外语、第二语言和双语从广义上说，第二语言是指母语或第一语言以外的任何一种语言(Ellis, R.《第二语言习得》，上海外语教育出版社，2000年版)。
新视野试卷三级试卷及答案
Text 1Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse。
They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned。
Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay。
They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine。
The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion(拥挤）. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system，retractable（可伸缩的）arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system，and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer。
英文双语作文范文
英文双语作文范文Title: The Importance of Bilingual Education 双语教育的重要性。
In today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate effectively in more than one language is increasingly valuable. Bilingual education plays a crucial role in equipping individuals with the linguistic skills and cultural competencies necessary to thrive in a globalized society. In this essay, I will explore the significance of bilingual education and its benefits.First and foremost, bilingual education fosters cognitive development. Research has shown that individuals who are proficient in multiple languages demonstrate enhanced cognitive abilities, such as problem-solving skills, multitasking, and creativity. Learning a second language requires the brain to adapt and switch between different linguistic systems, which in turn strengthens cognitive flexibility. Moreover, bilingualism has beenlinked to a delay in the onset of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its long-term benefits for brain health.Furthermore, bilingual education promotes cultural awareness and appreciation. Language is deeply intertwined with culture, and by learning another language, individuals gain insight into the customs, traditions, and perspectives of different communities. This exposure fosters empathy, tolerance, and respect for cultural diversity. In a world plagued by social and political divisions, bilingualism serves as a bridge that connects people from different backgrounds and fosters cross-cultural understanding.Additionally, bilingual education enhances academic and career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, employers value candidates who possess languageskills that enable them to communicate with international clients and colleagues. Proficiency in multiple languages opens up a myriad of career opportunities in fields such as translation, diplomacy, tourism, and international business. Moreover, bilingual individuals often outperform theirmonolingual counterparts academically, as they have access to a broader range of resources and perspectives.However, despite its numerous benefits, bilingual education faces challenges and criticisms. Some argue that it may delay language development or confuse students, particularly if they come from non-English-speaking backgrounds. Others express concerns about the unequal distribution of resources and support for bilingual programs, which may exacerbate disparities in educational outcomes. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach that prioritizes the linguistic and cultural needs of diverse student populations.In conclusion, bilingual education is indispensable in today's globalized world. It not only enhances cognitive development and cultural awareness but also opens up a world of academic and career opportunities. By embracing bilingualism, we can bridge cultural divides, promote inclusivity, and prepare future generations to thrive in an increasingly interconnected world. As educators and policymakers, it is imperative that we prioritize andinvest in bilingual education to ensure that all students have the opportunity to unlock their full potential.。
加拿大食品检测处 预包装食品日期标签
预包装食品日期标签 (Date Labelling on Pre-packaged Foods) 核心提示：本规定是对于预包装食品关于时间的标注说明，包括保质期，最佳使用期，如何识别最佳使用期，最佳使用期如何在食品标签上进行标注，及超过最佳使用期食品应该如何处理，能够为消费者提供有效的说明。
【发布单位】加拿大食品检测处【发布文号】【发布日期】【生效日期】【废止日期】【替代法规】【效力】有效【食品伙伴网解读】本规定是对于预包装食品关于时间的标注说明，包括保质期，最佳使用期，如何识别最佳使用期，最佳使用期如何在食品标签上进行标注，及超过最佳使用期食品应该如何处理，能够为消费者提供有效的说明。
Date Labelling on Pre-packaged FoodsInformation about dates on pre-packaged food is a valuable source of information for consumers.A basic understanding of what terms are used can help you to better understand these labels.Durable Life"Durable life" means the anticipated amount of time that an unopened food product, when stored under appropriate conditions, will retain itsfreshness,taste,nutritional value, orany other qualities claimed by the manufacturer.A "best-before" date, also know as a "durable life date", tells you when this durable life period ends.This information is usually found on the label with the words "best before" and "meilleur avant.""Best before" dates do not guarantee product safety. However, they do give you information about the freshness and potential shelf-life of the unopened foods you are buying."Best before" Date"Best before" dates must appear on pre-packaged foods that will keep fresh for 90 days or less.Retail-packed foods may be labelled with eithera "best before" date and the proper storage instructions if they differ from room temperature （for example, "keep refrigerated"）, orthe date packaged, along with the durable life of the food （for example, the number of days a product will retain its freshness）Expiration DateExpiration dates must be used on the following products:formulated liquid diets （a nutritionally complete diet for persons using oral or tube feeding methods）foods represented for use in a very low-energy diet （foods sold only by a pharmacist and only with a written order from a physician）meal replacements （a formulated food that, by itself, can replace one or more daily meals）nutritional supplements （a food sold or represented as a supplement to a diet that may be inadequate in energy and essential nutrients）human milk substitutes （infant formula）After the expiry date, the food may not have the same nutrient content declared on the label.Food should not be eaten if the expiration date has passed. They should be discarded."Use by" DateThe Food and Drug Regulations state the terms "use by" and "employez avant" may replace "best before" for pre-packaged fresh yeast only.It must be presented in the same form and manner as the "best before" date."Best before" dates on products with a shelf life greater than 90 daysFoods with an anticipated shelf life greater than 90 days are not required to be labelled with a "best before" date or storage information. If manufacturers and retailers choose to provide customers with this information, they must follow the required manner of declaration, as described below.How a "best before" date is shown on a labelThe "best before" date must be identified using the words "best before" and "meilleur avant" grouped together with the date, unless a clear explanation of the significance of the "best before" date appears elsewhere on the label.The "best before" date may appear anywhere on the package.If it is placed on the bottom, this has to be indicated elsewhere on the label.The month must be in both official languages or indicated by using specified bilingual symbols.The year is optional, unless it is needed for the sake of clarity （for example, if the shelf life extends into a new calendar year）.If included, the year must appear first, followed by the month, then the day.Best before08 JA 30Meilleur avantJanuary: JAFebruary: FEMarch: MRApril: ALMay: MAJune: JNJuly: JLAugust: AUSeptember: SEOctober: OCNovember: NODecember: DEEating food that has passed the "best before" dateYou can buy and eat foods after the "best before" date has passed. However, when this date has passed, the food may lose some of its freshness and flavour, or its texture may have changed. Some of its nutritional value, such as vitamin C content, may also be lost.Remember that "best before" dates are not indicators of food safety, neither before nor after the date. They apply to unopened products only. Once opened, the shelf life of a food may change.NEVER use your nose, eyes or taste buds to judge the safety of food. You cannot tell if a food may cause foodborne illness by its look, smell or taste. And remember: "If in doubt, throw it out!"Foods that are likely to spoil should be properly stored, and they should be eaten as quickly as possible. Harmful micro-organisms that lead to foodborne illness can grow in foods, even if they do not appear to be spoiled.The Government of Canada's role in food safetyThe Government of Canada is committed to food safety.Health Canada establishes regulations and standards relating to the safety and nutritional quality of food sold in Canada. Through inspection and enforcement activities, the CFIA is responsible for verifying that food sold in Canada meets Health Canada's requirements.For more information on food safety, please visitCanadian Food Inspection Agency -http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/concen/concene.shtmlHealth Canada - www.hc-sc.gc.caCanadian Partnership for Consumer Food Safety Education's Be Food Safe Canada program - www.befoodsafe.caAdditional information on "best before" dates and the labelling of foods can be found in Chapter 2 of the Guide to Food Labelling and Advertising on the Canadian Food Inspection Agency （CFIA） website atwww.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/guide/ch2ae.shtml#a2_11。
英语国家概况 加拿大 学生版
Chapter 1 A Panoramic View of Canada加拿大国土面积约998万平方公里,是仅次于俄罗斯的世界第二大国。
她位于北美洲的北半部，东临大西洋，西接太平洋，南面与美国接壤，北临北冰洋。
加拿大是世界上海岸线最长的国家，人口3500万，相当于中国贵州省人口总数。
加拿大分为十个省和三个地区，首都渥太华，官方语言为英语和法语。
加拿大地域辽阔，地形多样，不同区域的气温和降水差异很大，夏季最高气温在35℃以上，冬季最低气温在零下35℃以下。
北方地区气候寒冷，冬季积雪期多达4-10个月。
但大多地区并不是人们印象中的特别寒冷。
加拿大气候分为北极地区、北部地区、太平洋地区等七个地区。
17世纪法国人在加拿大建立移民点以前，北美大陆最早的土著居民是印第安人和因纽特人。
1534年，法国探险家用J.卡蒂埃发现了圣劳伦斯河这条通往加拿大的主要水路，为后来法国的殖民活动奠定了基础。
另一个法国人S.尚普兰于1603年在今新斯科舍省建立了北美第一个殖民地。
1612年尚普兰被任命为新法兰西殖民地第一任总督，他因在北美开发殖民地有重大贡献而被后人称为“新法兰西之父”。
随后，17到18世纪，英法在北美发生一系列的武装冲突，1756年到1763年的英法七年战争，以法军战败而告终。
1763年，英法签订《巴黎和约》，加拿大从此沦为百年英属殖民地时期。
1867年，英国议会形成并通过了《英属北美法案》，决定由安大略省、魁北克省、新不伦瑞克和新斯科舍四省合并成联邦国家，国名为“加拿大自治领”，首都渥太华。
一、二战期间，加拿大经济迅速发展，1949年，纽芬兰最终成为加拿大第10个省。
I. A Geographical SurveyWith an area of 9,984,670 square kilometers, Canada is a huge country, second in size only to Russia and slightly larger than China. Yet approximately, it has only 35 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. Situated in northern half of the North America, Canada extends from the Great Lakes1in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains2in the west, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north.Map of Canada1. Provinces and TerritoriesJust as the United States is a federation of states, Canada is a federation of provinces. It is now made up of ten provinces — Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia —and three territories —Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and the Yukon Territory. Each area has its own provincial flag.1五大湖是位于加拿大与美国交界处的5个大型淡水湖泊，按面积从大到小分别为：苏必利尔湖、休伦湖、密歇根湖、伊利湖和安大略湖。
The Benefits of Bilingual Education for Students
The Benefits of Bilingual Education forStudentsBilingual education has been a topic of debate for many years, with proponents and opponents offering their perspectives on the benefits and drawbacks of this approach. From my own personal experience and research, I firmly believe that bilingual education offers numerous advantages for students, both academically and personally. First and foremost, bilingual education provides students with the opportunity to develop proficiency in two languages, which is an invaluable skillin today's globalized world. Being able to communicate in more than one language not only enhances a student's cognitive abilities but also opens up a wide rangeof career opportunities in the future. In fact, many employers actively seek out bilingual individuals, recognizing the value of their language skills in a multicultural and multilingual workforce. Furthermore, bilingual education has been shown to have a positive impact on academic performance. Research has indicated that students who receive instruction in their native language whilealso learning a second language tend to outperform their monolingual peers in standardized tests. This is due to the cognitive benefits of bilingualism, such as improved problem-solving skills, enhanced creativity, and better multitasking abilities. By engaging with content in two languages, students are able to deepen their understanding of academic concepts and make connections across different linguistic and cultural contexts. In addition to the academic advantages,bilingual education also fosters a greater sense of cultural awareness and appreciation among students. By learning a second language, students gain insight into the customs, traditions, and perspectives of different linguistic communities. This exposure to diverse cultures helps to promote empathy, tolerance, and respect for others, ultimately contributing to a more inclusive and harmonious society. In a world that is increasingly interconnected, the ability to navigate and bridge cultural differences is an essential skill that bilingual education helps to cultivate in students. Despite these compelling benefits, it is important to acknowledge that bilingual education also presents challenges for students, educators, and educational institutions. Implementing a successful bilingualeducation program requires significant resources, including qualified bilingual teachers, appropriate instructional materials, and support services for students who may struggle with language acquisition. Furthermore, there may be resistance from some parents and community members who are skeptical of the value ofbilingual education or concerned about the potential dilution of the dominant language and culture. Moreover, some critics argue that bilingual education may hinder the development of English proficiency, particularly for students from non-English-speaking backgrounds. They contend that a focus on maintaining a student's native language may impede their ability to fully integrate into English-speaking society and succeed in academic and professional settings. However, research has shown that well-designed bilingual education programs actually facilitate English language acquisition and proficiency, as students are able to transfer theirskills and knowledge between languages. In conclusion, the benefits of bilingual education for students are significant and far-reaching. By equipping students with language proficiency, cognitive advantages, and cultural competence,bilingual education prepares them to thrive in a diverse and interconnected world. While there are certainly challenges and criticisms associated with bilingual education, the evidence overwhelmingly supports its positive impact on students' academic achievement, personal growth, and future prospects. As a result, I believe that investing in and supporting bilingual education is not onlybeneficial for individual students but also for the broader society.。
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Students want more challenge
Krashen (1987) believes that we acquire language by using what we know coupled with new information, an idea he refers to as his input hypothesis. Language which contains only structures that we already know does not aid in acquisition. This is just i. Acquisition is a result of
% enrolled in French Immersion Early Immersion as % of total F.I. Students Girls as % of Total F.I. Students
7 20
12 32 22 6 6 3 4 2
57 59
21 39 74 57 90 87 80 55
Source: Statistics Canada & CPF
What has been achieved in Canadian French Immersion?
86% of parents support FSL instruction 75% of English parents want their children to learn French 90% of French parents want their children to learn English The FI program in Canada is now 40 years old. Statistics Canada reports that in the 2002-03 school year, nearly 2 million students took courses in French as a second language: (French immersion 357,000 ; Core French 1,570,000 students)
SOURCE: Canadian Association of Second Language Teachers
What has been achieved in Canadian French Immersion?
From 1981 to 1996 bilingualism has increased by 100% in four provinces and more than 50% in the remaining six. In Quebec- 34% of French speakers are bilingual In Quebec-from 37% of English speakers in 1971 increased to 63% in 1996 55% of Anglophones who live in provinces other than Quebec think it is important that their children learn French. 24% of high school graduates have working knowledge of second official language 97% of French-speaking Quebecers feel it is important that children in Quebec learn English.
Although it is true that many - if not most - EFL students continue to regard English as a stepping stone to a better job, it is equally true that these same students will be the first generation of Chinese in large numbers to travel widely, study overseas and work for multi-national corporations. (China Daily, 2003) Communicative competence in English is therefore a skill which may be of life long benefit - not just a language you study to pass the CET examination and add to your C.V.
o
In a bilingual culture, languages cross-pollinate crosseach other, with words, grammar, and assumptions. This enriches each language and helps those living near both gain an appreciation of the others' culture. Sommer (2001)
What about the sociological effects of French immersion?
Social and psychological findings on French immersion (Edwards & Smyth, 1976; Lambert & Tucker, 1972) suggest French immersion students are satisfied with their programs, feel confident to speak French, and see less social distance between themselves and French Canadians. They also tend to be far less “xenoglossophobic” They have higher socioeconomic status, resulting in the program being challenged by some social agencies as being ‘elitist’ (Olson & Burns, 1983)
Canadian Bilingual Education
Implications for English Language Learning in China
sentation by Dr. Ed Nicholson Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
Les Francophones au Canada
Percentage of Students Enrolled in French Immersion Classes in Canada.
Province
Newfoundland P. E. I. Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia
64 58
58 61 52 64 60 65 59 61
Some Facts About French Immersion in Canada
French immersion programs were widely introduced into Canadian schools in the 1970s to encourage bilingualism across the country. There are early (k-1) middle (3-5) and late (6+) immersion programs. There are more girls than boys in F.I. in all provinces of Canada. F.I. students perform significantly better than other students in English tests of reading (Allen, 2004) French immersion students tend to have higher socioeconomic status backgrounds
What does the research say about French Immersion?
“Immersion students do as well in English language skills as students entirely educated in English Immersion students do as well in subject matter as students who are educated in English Immersion students acquire a great deal of the second language. Canadian immersion students easily out-perform students enrolled in traditional French classes (core French) and, after several years of immersion, approach native speakers of French on some measures.” Cummins, (1987)
“ i + 1” , or current knowledge plus