2019届高三英语一轮复习---高三试卷讲评阅读理解之 推理判断题 (共32张PPT)
2019届高三英语一模试卷含答案解析
M: Yes, after I’ve given this book back. I’ve just finished the last chapter and it’s a few days late, so I’ll have to pay a fine, but it is worth it.
C. Its pay is quite low.
9. What does the man think of working as a director assistant?
A. Boring.
B. Tiring.
C. Appealing.
【答案】8. A
9. C
【解析】
W: I really need to find a job now!
C. To his parents’ home.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
W: Yes, it was sunny all weekend. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky.
M: Wasn’t it windy too?
W: Only on Sunday.
3.【此处有音频,请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do next?
此题为听力题,解析略｡
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题｡【此处有音频,请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man dislike the telephone sales job?
A. It’s unsuitable for him.
B. It needs long working hours.
一轮复习高考英语专题复习 阅读理解(附答案)
一轮复习高考英语专题复习阅读理解(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the researchers argue that the increased health risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and that cutting back likely wouldn't be worth it for people who enjoy meat.Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers from being published until their criticisms were addressed.The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak, and that there's not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors could be at play.If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often aren't backed by strong evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the difficulty of measuring the effects of any single food, but that methods have improved.Based on their analyses, the researchers said people do not have to cut back for health reasons. But they noted that their own advice is weak, and acknowledged that they didn't consider factors such as animal welfare and the environment. Indeed, the case that meat production is bad for animal welfare and the environment is stronger than the case that it's bad for human health, according to an editorial that accompanies the report.Not all of the report authors agreed with its conclusions. Three of the 14 researchers said they support reducing red and processed meats. A coauthor of one of the reviews is also among those who called for a publication delay.Those who pushed to postpone publication also questioned why certain studies were included in the reviews while others were left out.As for his own diet, Dr. Gordon Guyatt, a member of the international research team that conducted the reviews, said he no longer thinks red or processed meats have significant health risks. But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.（1）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce a new relationship between health and eating red meat.B.To urge more people to keep away from eating red meat regularly.C.To present a new controversial view on impacts of eating red meat.D.To criticize nutrition studies for lacking of conclusive evidence.（2）What is the author's attitude towards the new research?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Objective.（3）Guyatt's avoiding red meats has the weakest connection with_______.A.health risksB.diet habitsC.animal welfareD.environmental protection（4）What can we learn from the recent research?A.Red meats don't have significant health risks.B.Reducing meat consumption will be worth it.C.The report authors have reached a consensus.D.Consuming red meat will do good to health.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于吃红肉是否与癌症和心脏病有关引用了研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章。
2018-2019年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习 阅读理解 第Ⅱ题 专题三 推理判断类题目
专题三推理判断类题目[命题特点]根据文章内容，语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。
(1)常用设题关键动词：infer，imply，suggest，indicate，refer to，predict，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等。
(2)设题常用推理判断的情态动词：can，could，might，would，probably，most likely 等。
[考查重点]表层意思的理解与推理；深层含义的领悟与推理；同时涉及数据推断，知识推断，逻辑结论推断，表明作者态度、观点的推断等。
[方法技巧]抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推断；整合全文(段)信息进行推断；根据上下文逻辑关系进行推理得出结论。
1．忠实于原文。
2．吃透文章的字面含义。
3．对文章表面意义进行分析、综合判断。
4．把握句际、段际关系。
5．确定推断的范围和位置，细节还是整体推断。
Passage 1I've spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I've learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesn't mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you're doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams (欺诈)．Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you'll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside theairport, and the other is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.Rickshaws are one of my favourite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it's how the locals often travel. Auto－rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Auto－rickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on the distance.If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip won't set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.【语篇解读】本文作者就自己在印度德里旅行时的交通方面提出了几点建议。
推理判断题——据文推理慎甄选---2023届高三英语总复习 (通用版)
A. How far they are able to see.B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
…
32．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A．Addiction to smartphones.
B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
From the text we can learn/conclude that ________.
What can we learn from the last paragraph?
这类题干常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude, learn等关键词，干扰项的设置通常是文中直接用于说明细节的信息，无关紧要或片面推出的结论，与文章内容完全相反的结论，或是不合常理、不合逻辑的结论等。考生在做此类题目时，很容易误选说明直接信息的选项或片面结论项，一般是因为未能做出正确推断或未能把握文章深层含义所致。
(三)推理判断题干扰选项特征
1．曲解文意：即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别。推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话，命题者可能会利用里面的词设计出干扰项，看似表达文章的意思，其实是借题发挥，是对原文意思的曲解。
2．张冠李戴：即把文章中作者的观点与其他人的观点混淆在一起。题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是其他人的观点；题干问的是其他人的观点，选项中却出现了作者的观点。
高三英语阅读理解专题— 推理判断题课件(共29张)
• A. A book review. B. A news report.
• C. A magazine. D. A martial arts novel.
技巧1：从文章体裁或出处推断写作目的 1. Question forms: (1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的 A. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. In writing the passage, the author intends to _____.
2.考点解读
专题一 阅读理解
3.专题整合&4. 考题讲练
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语 篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理， 从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。常出现的推理 有逻辑推理、知识推理等。这类考题中常出现的词有 infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, can, could, might, may 等。下面结合试题对不同类型的 推理判断题进行讲解。
•
holmwood, who has also translated works by other
contemporary chinese authors, said she became very involved
in the details and admired jin yong’s brilliant writing. as a fan of
2. Probable answers:
高考英语阅读理解专题指导：推理判断题
高考英语阅读理解专题指导：推理判断题高考英语阅读理解专题指导：推理判断题导语：推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
下面就由小编为大家介绍高考英语阅读理解专题指导：推理判断题，大家一起去学习吧！推理判断题这类题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。
它包括判断和推理题。
这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。
推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。
所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。
常见的题干有：1) It can be inferred from the text that.2) We can conclude that.3) When the writer talks about..., what he really means is that.4) Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?判断题考查学生在理解文章的基础上，对不同观点进行评价和判断的能力。
推理题考查学生由文章的字面信息推出未知信息或隐含信息的能力。
1) 判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。
切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。
2) 全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
3) 善于揣摩作者思路，尽可能与作者的思路吻合。
4）不可直接选取文中的原句。
例1： AnnealingAnnealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping (浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle-that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as it is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass.（1990NMET）①Why do people put hot metal in water?A. To make it hard.B. To make it soft.C. To make it cool.D. To make it brittle.[分析]答案为A，此题属推断归纳题。
高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题的解题技巧
3．如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没 有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案。
4．如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片 面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案。
5．文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should，must，may等) 往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案。
What is the purpose of this text?
A．To solve a problem.
B．To give practical advice.
C．To tell an interesting story. D．To present a research result.
解析：推 断 写 作 目 的 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 的 中 心 句 (最后一句)可知，这是一篇说明文，其目的是给 养宠物的人提一些实用的建议。
答案： C
第四类 推断文章出处
推断文章出处，即通过阅读材料，感知内容，从 而推断材料的来源。
一、常见的设问形式
1．The text is most likely to be taken from ________． 2．Where does the text probably come from? 3．Where can we most probably read this text?
答案： C
第二类 推断写作意图
推断写作意图，即要求考生根据短文内容推断作者 写该文章的目的。
一、常见的设问形式
1．The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ________．
高考英语阅读理解专题讲解 之 推理判断题 (共49张PPT)
◆We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
这类题常见的设问方式有： • What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? • The next paragraph would most probably deal with_________.
选项特点
正确选项特点 不是文中直接或明确说明的内容, 是间接表达出来
◆What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？______
A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Sympathetic.
作者写文章的目的通常有三种： to entertain readers 常见于故事类的文章； to persuade readers 常见于广告或议论文； to inform readers 常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。常 见文体确定写作意图的方法如下： 1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，
全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。 2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物Fra bibliotek者道理，作者的写
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1) It can be inferred from the text that ___. 2）The story implies that ______. 3）The writer suggests that ______. 4）From this passage, we can draw a conclusion that______.或We can conclude
…
In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I
went to Swansea, where my father's ship was getting
ready to sail, we brought him a family photograph to
be k—ep—t w—it—h —him—at all times and k—ee—p —him——sa—fe.
2. 人物态度及观点推断题：揣摩作者的态度， 悟出弦外之音。
We know the famous ones — the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells — but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮 器)? Shouldn't we know who they are?
பைடு நூலகம்
…
父 亲 会 从 Swansea 起 航 ， 我 们 带 给
他family photograph的目的是be kept with him
和keep him safe，推断出我们是去给父亲送行。
作者并未把意图说出来，读者要根据字面意思，研究 细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，这就是推理判断题。
推理判断题
分析 月考I试卷15小题中常占8个题
doubtful disappointed neutral(中立的） objective(客观的） indifferent(冷漠的) tolerant
推理判断型
解题 “微技能”
要透过现象看本质, 判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。
正确选项：往往不是文章直接说出而是间接表达 出来的内容 ，让考生有推敲的余地。
干扰项：一般具有很强的迷惑性。选项要么仅仅 是考生自己的常识或主观想象，忽略表示作者倾向 性的词语；要么以事实代替推理，仅是对原文信息 的简单重复；要么断章取义片面理解，从而失分。
1. 细节推断题：看题干要求的段落即可。
Exchange a glance with someone, then look away．Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer，and you have made a different statement．Hold it for 3 seconds，and the meaning has changed again．
(No.21,22,23,28,30,31,33,35)。考查学 生由文章字面推出隐含信息的能力，推测 出作者未提到的事实或发生的可能性、作 者倾向或意图、文章的论调。
推理判断型
常见提问形式
提问中常用的词有infer, imply, suggest, conclude，learn，intend，mean等。
…
61. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______.
A. to meet a friend B. to see the father off C. to take a family photo D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship
Joan McLean thinks so. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”，however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to McLean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
that______. 5）We can learn __________.
6) What does the author intend _______.
7) When the write talks about … , what the writer really means is _____.
常见的表示态度词语: positive negative optimistic pessimistic(悲观的) critical approval(赞同的）
However, we also know …
Q: It can be inferred from the first paragraph that____.
[A] every glance has its significance [B] staring at a person is an expression of interest [C] a gaze longer than 3second is unacceptable [D] a glance conveys more meaning than words
遵化一中高三试卷讲评： 阅读理解之
推理判断题
…
In September, 1940, my mother, sister and I went to Swansea, where my father's ship was getting ready to sail, we brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe.