新G issue 部分借鉴提纲
Issue翻译+提纲
Issue Topics说明：1.我的分类是对在网上流行的分类题库做了一些小修改。
1)尽可能把相近的题目放在一起，所以题号不一样按顺序排列。
2)另外，我删除多次重复的题号。
3)国际类（International）的两道题，我做了移动。
NO.11 大学题，移至Education --> Education & SocietyNO.13 语言题，移至Politics --> Others2.标黑体的题目是孙远推荐的练习题。
3.高频题根据寄托天下最新机经（2006.3.2）整理，包括2005年及2006年3月的题目：2005年频率在20次以上（含20次）或2006年1月至3月频率在3次以上（含3次）。
频率标注分为两部分，前一部分指2005年2月－9月的频率，后一部分表示2006年1－3月的频率。
非高频的孙远题后面也列出频率统计。
4.欢迎指正。
Redhobor 2006/3/5No.1 StudyStudy Methods (2)28 "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."学生们只有在学习了有助于理解事实的思想、趋势和概念后才可能记住这些事实。
孤立学习事实是学不到东西的。
42 "Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically if they work frequently in groups."学习不是个人行为，而是需要人们的合作，所以各个年级的学生如果经常在一个群体里工作，他们将会在学业上获益非浅。
新GREissue分类提纲-leader篇-原创
1.mental 的需要，才会去欣赏艺术。
科学家的成就，资金也很多来自于人们的taxwelfare更好。
2.反：a。
well-being难以衡量。
所以比拟不公平。
有的人觉得吃饱就是好，有的人还要求精神境界的提高。
B。
还有别的很多方面，比方说城市的建设，比方说各种系统的完善，教育系统等等。
人民对政府的信任程度。
The level to which thecitizens trust the leader.3.合：是一个方面，但是还有别的。
104-107 To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.1.正：1.在很多领域领导是所有人学习的对象model or idol，对人们尤其是孩子有引导作用，因为他们在人们心中是几乎完美的形象，人们选他就是因为他道德的崇高，这种情况下正：比方：校长或者其他教育机构的领导，他们面向的对象很多是孩子，孩子们的价值观很多还没有fully developed，很容易受到影响，尤其是偶像的。
所以。
2.在有些领域好的道德能够促进开展，坏的道德会造成不好。
比方political干好事业，能够为人民着想。
2.反：1.在很多行业并没有要求很高的道德，只要符合法律即可。
看中的是能力。
能力好才能将这个机构带动起来，领导的根本目的不是自己本身的个人精神的喧哗，而是整个集体利益的提升。
比方商业，一个商人的好坏在于他能不能够做大生意，能不能够洞悉市场供求关系的变化及时作出决策，而不在于道德。
只要不违法即可。
2.过度强调道德会使得办事死板，不会随机应变。
道德在一定程度上是对人能力的束缚，highest的束缚就更大了。
人们本来应该可以发挥出的，结果束缚了发挥不出，本来可以解决的问题不能解决了，本来可以做的更好的只是做的一般。
3.要分行业。
能力也是关键。
新GREissue分类提纲 原创(政府)
5,7,19,31,50,55,60,63-67,69,80-88,86-116-139,115,125,86-50-115-139 Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people they serve. Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgement.1.听群众的：a。
人民的利益是政府官员首先要考虑的，官员们是为人民服务的。
他们是人民养的。
他们制定一切法律，行驶责任的目的都是为了更好的服务人民，让人民的生活更好。
B。
人民分布在国家的各个角落，能够更好的反应真实情况。
而officals因为职位的特殊性，没有时间和机会去真正的走进人民的生活，即使走进了，也不一定能够看到真实的一面。
比如一个官员要去一个district视察人民生活的情况，那个地方的负责人person in charge为了留下好印象，就将一些vagrant 赶出这个地方。
那么official就看不到真实情况了。
2.听政府的：a。
他们有专业的知识和技能，他们经过了专业的培训，经过了竞争，有头脑和判断的能力。
能够对整体的情况做好把握，分析利害关系然后坐出租正确的决策。
而群众的专业知识有限，很多时候只能看到表面现象，提议建议不专业，没有可行性。
B。
群众分布广，来自不同的地区和阶层，他们的提议只能反映自身的需求，不具有代表性，同时不同的区域和阶层的利益会有冲突，那么提议也就会有冲突。
所以如果听人民的就会造成混乱，不有助与社会稳定。
3.合：听取意见，再运用自己的知识。
63-67 There is little justification for a society to make extraordinary efforts----especially at a great cost in money and jobs---to save endangered animals or plant species.1.正：a.很多animals和plant是因为自然界的优胜劣汰，natural selection才会面临endanger的，他们由于不能够适应自然环境，不能够有效的being not able to reproduce，不能找到lack of food，或者由于predator而面临endanger，这些都是自然evolution的趋势，人不能够去人为的干涉，人不应该阻挡自然进程。
GRE考试：issue写作指导(提纲 模板)
GRE考试：issue作文重点题目和提纲gre issue 提纲“It is dangerous to trust only intelligence.”只相信智力是危险的。
【分析题目】拿到一个题目后，我们不要忙于去写，一定要先对题目进行详细的分析。
通过题目我们知道主要论证的是intelligence的作用，因此，智力是这个题目最关键的突破点。
【提纲1】A. 无可否认的，智力因素在各个领域都很重要，无论是自然科学还是社会科学。
(论据1)Undoubtedly, intelligence plays an important role in many realms, including the natural science and the social sciences.B.要想成功光靠智力是远远不够的，还有很多其他的因素如勤奋、勇敢等。
(论据2)Intelligence by itself is not enough for one to succeed; many other factors such as diligence and courage must be taken into consideration.C.应该在此二者之间寻求平衡，即将两者结合起来。
We should strive for a balance between intelligence and emotion, that is, combine them with each other.【提纲2】Position: Intelligence is sufficient in some cases but not in any case.1、In scientific studies regarding the physical world, we should depend only on intelligence for discovering and testing truths.2、However, in the realm of human affairs, we have to use both our intelligence and our hearts for solving problems.3、Sometimes our intuition can give us valuable assistance in making a judgment.GRE考试：issue字数gre issue 字数要求是怎样的?很多考生担心考试时issue 字数上不去。
GRE issue提纲—学习类
第五类学习1. "We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning."通常，我们从与我们意见相同的人身上学到的要比从那些与我们意见相悖的人身上学的东西要多得多；（因为）意见不统一会带来压力并且阻碍学习。
1.Admittedly, under some circumstances disagreement with others can be counterproductive tolearning.2.Disagreement can also inhibit learning when two opponents disagree on fundamentalassumptions needed for meaningful discourse and debate.3.However, it is through debate that human knowledge advances whether at the personal,community or global level.---------------4. "No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study."在任何一个研究领域当中，除非有该领域之外的人引进他们的知识和经验，否则该领域就很难获得巨大的发展。
Outsider: a person does not belong to a particular groupThere is no doubt that different disciplines are interrelated and that the knowledge of one field can shed light on the studies of other fields.1.Knowledge of statistics was introduced into the fields of sociology and history, contributing tothe researchers in those fields.2.Literary critics borrow new ideas formulated by philosophers to further their studies.3.When biology and chemistry met, biochemistry came into being.闭门造车，旁观者清------------------------------14. "It is necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, mythology and other types of imaginative literature."每个人都应该阅读诗歌、小说、神话以及各种各样的想象文学。
gre作文issue教育提纲完整版
将244 道题分为11 类，分别是传媒，国际，教育，科技，历史，社会，文化，行为，学习，艺术和政治，每个类别的题目数如下：传媒：6--------1国际：5--------1教育：35科技：21-------30历史：8---------30社会：47-------1文化：11--------30行为：62------31学习：21-------30艺术：10-------2+ （交流，例子）政治：18--------30对于一些比较笼统的分类，我们会在讨论写作提纲和例子时，给出更具体的细分，如竞争和合作，过去和现在，个人和整体，权威，学科关系等。
接下来，我们会给出每题不少于5个的写作提纲以及背景知识、例子，希望大家多多参与和多提宝贵意见。
教育类1(5). "A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家统一制定的课程，而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排。
国家统一和地区单独安排课程Topic: except core course others be determined by different parts1)地方教育的好处：对地方政府，学校：更有动力；对学生，家长：选择面更广，培养个性对大学招生：喜欢多样性，不喜欢一个墨子，选专业不至于盲目+proverb P185/2)若没有地方教育，有不利方面：兴趣难以培养language survey,,贫富差异存在有代沟computer class3)过分强调地方也不好，国家的好处是：标准统一，容易确保质量，增加民族凝聚力4)则中方案时核心是国家，其余是地方，这样既保证了基本质量，又体现了多元------------------------------2(32). "A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts."不管在校园外不同领域之间薪水的差异有多大，学校对于所有学科老师的待遇应该是一视同仁的。
新GRE ISSUE重题翻译+提纲+例文
ISSUE新题库翻译&重题合并&范文GRE Analytical Writing ISSUE Essay T opic - 003 / 035 / 037Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.教育机构有责任劝阻学生不要从事不太可能成功的科学研究。
Position:有保留的反对不同意作者的观点，人应该按照自己的理想和兴趣选择自己的学习方向；但是有些时候教师的建议，也是值得考虑的。
1、由于老师不可能对每个人的性格特点都了解清楚，所以对一个学生未来职业的选择的建议也不一定是客观的。
2、就算老师很了解一个人的特点，但是人是会变的。
通过在学习过程，不断改变自己，很有可能把那么自己不是原来不是很擅长但是很喜欢的工作做好。
3、但是，老师毕竟经验比较丰富，做出的判断也往往是合适的。
所以，我们应该多听听老师的意见，然后加上自己的思考，作出自己的选择。
General statement:教育机构对学生的未来负有责任，应该尽可能的去帮助学生取得成功。
Thesis statement:帮助学生取得成功是教育机构的责任。
但是教育机构在帮助学生的过程中，应该更多的考虑学生自己对兴趣和对未来的选择，提出建议而不是力劝学生离开他们认为不可能成功的领域。
Development: 教育机构对学生的未来富有责任。
教育机构很难以区分某些学生在某些领域是不太可能取得成功的。
某些领域，可能目前来看不是成功的领域，但是若干年以后可能成功。
应该更多的考虑学生自己的兴趣。
兴趣才是成功的关键。
Giving a few second on interesting matter is better the spending an hours for boring issue”. It’s human’s tendency to work attentively and alertly on the issue which is of his interest and keeping him self away from annoying topic, even if it has been suggested and advised by many people. Interest and likeness of person matters a lot in his life.Every one likes to work in the field of interest and if we talk about students then they prefer the subject and faculty of their interest. In case of some students, they get confused in deciding that what is of their interest and what they choose for they expertisment. Availability of many option leads to this short of situation.After completing the secondary school education, it become very tough for students to select their main subject as a career option. As in their previous study there may be more then one subjects in which they are interested. So in this stage many influences effects on their thinking. What their colleagues are selecting as their field of further study, advices from parents and other relatives etc. take them to divert from their field of interest and catch up in any regardless field.This is where the Educational institution can come in picture and helps out the future of the country. Teachers and professors in education institutes has better vision to understand the interest of the students and guide them in proper way. And it has been reviewed that students consider their teachers advices more compare to other.Every one knows that “youth is the power of country”. To guide them in proper way is essential requirement for each country. If one intelligent student enters in the filed in which he should not be then he can not bring out from that situation and put him in proper place. In that case he works, but not with heartand interest. And this mistake become mater of repentance for him for whole life. And no gain in the development of the country become possible from him.So it is crucial for Educational institutes to help out student to lead them in appropriate future. There must be separate department in each institute to handle this stuff of guiding the students with highly qualified teachers. They should arrange Vocational guidance session to let the student to understand the filed of their interest and get information about there likeness. They must set arrangement to keep the students from being away from influences and listening words off heart towards their likeness. It also requires to give training to the teachers for this purpose.Without Acquiring the youth of country in proper manner, progress of the country is not possible And Educational institutes are the main source to lead the student in the field of their interest and likeness. So they have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.GRE Analytical Writing ISSUE Essay T opic - 006 / 014 / 096 / 116A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.在进行大学教育以前，国家应该要求所有的学生学习统一的国家课程。
新GRE所有Issue题目的写作提纲
GRE写作Issue问题题库分析与提纲第一类社会2. "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society." 归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。
Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society.1.Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress insociety.2.In democratic countries, when parties and candidates competefor power, the public benefits.3.Admittedly, when competition gets out of the control ofmores and laws, society will suffer.竞争对于社会的优点和缺点------------------------------3. "It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。
Humanity should take into account both long-term interests and short-term interests when making budgets.1.Naturally, each generation is most concerned about solvingproblems that immediately confront them.2.However, what differentiates human beings from otheranimals is that humans have a sense of future and are morally responsible for the well-being of their descendents.3.Therefore, as beneficiaries of previous generations, eachgeneration should make its own contribution for thewell-being of future generations.当务之急和百年大计的关系------------------------------9. "Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。
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ETS官网公布的ISSUE新题库This page contains the Issue topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE? revised General Test. When you take the test, you will be presented with one Issue topic from this pool. Each Issue topic consists of an issue statement or statements followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to respond to the issue. The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.1 As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.当人们越来越依赖技术去解决问题，人类独立思考能力却退化。
Partially agree(1)Admittedly, with the ever increasing development in technology, people rely more and moreon technology to solve problems, sometimes even without the necessity to know the means itself, which to a great extent improves our life: the use of computer.(2)However, it simply does not indicate that the ability of humans to think for themselves willsurely deteriorate. Actually, people’s ability to think would be enhanced, considering that all these intelligent devices or tools are the products of the wisdom and ability.(3)Sometimes, the technology could help people to think for themselves: gene technology,computer processing.(4)Meanwhile, some of our abilities do deteriorate to a certain extent: the reliance oncomputer and calculator cause people’s decreasing ability to calculate.(5)However, it is usually the interior facts rather than the exterior facts that lead to thisphenomenon: even without the assistance of these technologies, these people might still be reluctant to think creatively and positively. In this case, it is these people, rather than the technology per se that deserve blame.2 To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities.要想了解一个社会最重要的特征，人们必须研究这个社会主要的城市。
NO.72 认知"One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities."一个人要真正了解一个社会的最大的特点，只用研究一下它的主要城市即可。
Disagree:(1)The major cities could provide much information to understand the society:(a)Major cities are usual the center of the politics, economics, industry, culture, education,etc.(b)People from all over the country; serves as the miniature of the whole society(c)80% and 20%(2)However, it may be unilateral to understand the most important characteristics of a societyonly by understanding its major cities:(a)With the globalization, major cities all over the world have become increasingly similarto each other.(b)The living conditions of the people(c)How much education has the average people receive?(3)Rural areas and towns:(a)Origin of the folk art(b)The condition of the agriculture and stockbreeding.(4) Consider as a whole, ignorance of either would lead to prejudice.3 Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed. 教育机构有责任劝阻学生不要从事不太可能成功的科学研究。
4 Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.丑闻是有裨益的，因为它们让人们注意到一些问题，任何演说家和改革家都无法做到的。
"Scandals -- whether in politics, academia, or other areas -- can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."丑闻，不管是政治、学术还是其他领域可能有用.它们吸引人们注意，而这点是任何发言人和改革家都办不到的。
Agree:(1)Scandal: public incidents that bring about disgrace or offends the moral sensibilities of thesociety.(2)Scandals, whether in politics, academia, or other areas, can be useful in that they focus ourattention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could:(a)Politics: convince people of the dishonest of some officials (Watergate Scandal, theabuse of power by public officers, violation of the public trust, contempt of Congress,and the attempted construction of justice)(b)Academia: Mendel’s dishonesty in creating or falsifying the data.(c)Business: bribery and cheating(3) However, sometimes they may distract us from more pressing social and community problems.They should not be exaggerated. (To err is human)(4) Superfluous attention to scandals would be detrimental. (Diana)5 Claim: Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive.Reason: It is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.结论：政府需要给社会主要城市提供财政支持，来保证其繁荣发展。