精品解析:【全国省级联考】2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟冲刺卷(一)英语试题(解析版)
2018届高三全国新课标区金优试卷模拟三冲刺卷文综地理试题 含答案 精品

2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(三)冲刺卷文综地理试题注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案填写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题。
每小题4分,共140分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
当河流流经地区的地壳运动是间歇性上升时,那么在地壳上升运动期间,河流以下切为主;在地壳相对稳定期间,河流以侧蚀和堆积为主,这样就在河谷两侧形成多级阶地。
克里雅河发源于昆仑山,向北汇入塔里木盆地的沙漠中,下图为某科考队绘制的克里雅河出山口处河床至阶地剖面示意图,据此回答1~3题。
1.低阶地表层沉积物分选性明显较高阶地差的原因是A.大陆性气候风速多变B.径流量随季节变化明显C.沉积物质来源复杂D.物理风化作用较强2.高阶地与中阶地相对高差和表面大小不同是由于地壳抬升的A.高度B.速率C.规模D.年代3.科考队发现该地阶地下部存在古老的砾石沉积层,其原始地貌可能是A.风积沙丘B.风蚀沟谷C.冲(洪)积扇D.三角洲低碳城市是指以低碳经济为发展模式及方向、市民以低碳生活为理念和行为特征、政府公务管理层以低碳社会为建设标本和蓝图的城市,《三亚市“十三五”低碳城市建设实施方象》提出将三亚打造成为低碳城市示范城市。
据此完成4-6题。
4.低碳城市建设主要是为了应对A.全球变暖B.酸雨危害C.城市内涝D.生物多样性减少5.三亚发展低碳城市的优势条件是A.技术水平高B.政府大力支持C.气候宜人D.城市密度高6.三亚发展低碳城市措施可行的是A.减少煤炭使用,提高石油利用比重B.大力建设城市高架,提高通行能力C.建设海绵城市,防止城市内涝D.大力发展公共交通,减少私家车使用下图为百度地图记录下的2015年春运期间人口流动数量前五位省份(直辖市)人口流动状况,五省市地域相邻省贡献了主要流动人口。
2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(三)文科综合冲刺卷政治试题

2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(三)·文科综合冲刺卷政治试题一、选择题(在下列符合题意的四个选项中,有一项是符合题目要求的。
共35题,每小题4分,满分140分)12.如图,鱼产品需求曲线(D)和供给曲线(S)相交于E点(均衡点)。
农业部为支持渔业发展,将推动完善渔业油价补贴政策。
在其他条件不变的情况下,对图像信息解读合理的是( )A.实施政策一鱼产品供给增加一需求保持不变一E移动到E′一均衡价格下降B.实施政策一鱼产品供给增加一需求保持不变一E移动到E′一均衡价格上涨C.实施政策一鱼产品供给增加一需求同幅增加一E移动到E′一均衡价格下降D.实施政策一鱼产品供给增加一需求同幅减少一E移动到E′一均衡价格下降13.同仁堂、青岛啤酒等“百年老店”的成功有着共同特质:对每件产品、每道工序都精雕细琢、凝神聚力、精益求精,追求高品质。
“百年老店”之所以要追求高品质的商品,是因为 ( )①这是“百年老店”提供优质产品满足社会需求的重要条件②有利于维持“百年老店”的良好形象,创造持续竞争优势③“百年老店”以严细精神生产工艺精湛的产品为最终目的④利用传统工艺对产品精雕细琢的高成本形成价格优势A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④14.下图漫画表明,经济全球化趋势下企业跨国并购 ( )①是资本全球化的体现,促进了生产力发展②是当前世界各国经济走出围境的根本途径③推动了世界范围内资源配置效率的提高④有利于强化企业的风险意识,提高竞争力A.②③ B.①③ C.①④ D.②④16.在2018年3月召开的第十三届全国人大第一次会议上,通过了对我国宪法进行部分修改的决议。
这表明全国人大常委会行使 ( )A.表决权B.立法权C.决定权D.监督权17.依法执政是中国共产党执政的基本方式。
下列选项能够体现中国共产党依法执政的是( )A.坚持民主集中制,发展党内民主B.加强党员干部教育,提高执政能力C.在平等的基础上,开展与国外政党的交流D.向全国人大常委会提出修改宪法部分内容的建议18.“和羹之美,在于合异。
2018高考金卷(全国卷Ⅲ)理科数学 Word版含解析

2018高考押题金卷(全国卷Ⅲ)理科数学本试卷共23题(含选考题)。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合{}()(){}0,150=A x B x x x A B =≥=+-<⋂,则 A .[-1,4)B .[0,5)C .[1,4]D .[-4,-1) ⋃ [4,5)2. 在ABC △中,60A =︒,4AC =,23BC =,则ABC △的面积为( ) A .43 B .4 C .23 D .223. 边长为8的等边△ABC 所在平面内一点O ,满足23OA OB OC --=0,若M 为△ABC 边上的点,点P 满足||19OP =,则|MP|的最大值为 A. 53B. 63C. 219D. 3194. 设实数x y ,满足20401x y x y y -+⎧⎪+-⎨⎪⎩,,,≥≤≥则2x y -的最小值为A. -5B.-4C.-3D.-15. 已知一个几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的体积为A .8163π+ B .1683π+C .126π+D .443π+6. 执行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的S 的值是( )A .1B .2C .4D .7 7. 若直线()1:110l ax a y -++=与直线2:210l x ay --=垂直,则实数a = A .3B .0C .3-D .03-或8. 若双曲线C: 22221x y a b-=(0a >,0b >)的一条渐近线被圆2240x y x +-=所截得的弦长为2,则双曲线C 的离心率为A .2 B. 3 C. 2 D.2339. 已知12a xdx =⎰,函数()()sin 0,0,2f x A x A πωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+>>< ⎪⎝⎭的部分图象如图所示,则函数4f x a π⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭图象的一个对称中心是A .,112π⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭B .,212π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭C .7,112π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭D .3,24π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭10. 甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学参加朗读比赛,其中只有一位获奖,有同学走访这四位同学,甲说:“是乙或丙获奖”,乙说:“甲、丙都未获奖”,丙说:“我获奖了”,丁说:“是乙获奖了”。
2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(四)冲刺卷文综地理试题(解析版)

2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(四)冲刺卷文综地理试题注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案填写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题。
每小题4分,共140分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
罗斯海被喻为研究地球系統中能量交换、物质交换和圈层相互作用、理解全球气候变化的“天然实验室”。
2017年11月8日从上海出发的南极科考队将直奔罗斯海西岸气候条件恶劣的恩科斯堡岛,12月初抵达目的地并开启中国第五个南极考察站的建设,下图为新站选址位置示意图。
据此回答下面小题。
1. 我国第五个南极科考站选址罗斯海恩科斯堡岛是因为A. 科研价值大B. 环境条件好C. 建设难度小D. 终年不冻2. 在科研人员抵达恩科斯堡岛开始建站准备工作时,下列现象正确的是A. 当地正午太阳位于正南天空B. 恩科斯堡岛海域浮冰面积C. 新疆的塔里木河正处于汛期D. 巴西高原地区草木一片枯黄3. 恩科斯堡岛气候条件恶劣原因有①纬度高②海拔高③常年盛行西北风④常年盛行极地东风A. ①②B. ①③C. ①④D. ②③【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】1. 结合材料内容,可知罗斯海域被誉为“天然实验室”,所以我国第五个科考站选址罗斯海恩科斯堡岛的主要原因是该地区科研价值巨大,故选A。
2. 该地位于南半球,正午太阳位于正北的天空,A错;此时南半球为夏季,气温较高,附近海域浮冰面积大,B对;新疆塔里木河的汛期在夏季,此时北半球为冬季,C错;巴西高原属于南半球的热带草原气候,此时正值夏半年,草木葱茏,D错。
2018年全国卷2冲刺高考模拟之高三优质金卷快递(5月卷)(二)数学理(解析版)

第1页 共28页 ◎ 第2页 共28页绝密★启用前【5月优质错题重组卷】高三数学新课标2卷第二套一、单选题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.1.在复平面内,复数( 为虚数单位)对应的点位于( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限2.设集合 , ,则 中元素的个数为( ) A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 83.甲: 、 是互斥事件;乙: 、 是对立事件,那么( ) A. 甲是乙的充要条件 B. 甲是乙的充分但不必要条件C. 甲是乙的必要但不充分条件D. 甲既不是乙的充分条件,也不是乙的必要条件 4.已知等差数列{}n a 中, 449,24a S ==,则7a = ( ) A. 3 B. 7 C. 13 D. 15 5.函数,若 , ,,则有( )A.B.C. D.6.已知函数 ,且,则实数 的值可能是( ) A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 57.大衍数列,来源于《乾坤谱》中对易传“大衍之数五十”的推论,如图一,主要用于解释中国传统文化中的太极衍生原理。
数列中的每一项,都代表太极衍生过程中,曾经经历过的两仪数量总和。
是中华传统文化中隐藏着的世界数学史上第一道数列题,0,2,4, 8,12,18,…,如图二,是求大衍数列前n 项和的程序框图,执行该程序框图,输入m=12,则输出的S 为( )A. 322B. 250C. 140D. 1908.下图是一个空间几何体的三视图,则该几何体的表面三角形中为直角三角形的个数为( ) A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4第3页 共28页 ◎ 第4页 共28页9.已知三棱柱111ABC A B C -,平面β截此三棱柱,分别与AC , BC , 11B C , 11AC 交于点E , F , G , H ,且直线1//CC 平面β.有下列三个命题:①四边形EFGH 是平行四边形;②平面//β平面11ABB A ;③若三棱柱111ABC A B C -是直棱柱,则平面β⊥平面111A B C .其中正确的命题为( ) A. ①② B. ①③ C. ①②③ D. ②③10.不等式 的解集为 ,且 ,则实数 的取值范围是( )A. B. C. D.11.已知双曲线,点 是直线 上任意一点,若圆 与双曲线 的右支没有公共点,则双曲线的离心率取值范围为( )A. B. C. D.12.已知函数 ,若有且仅有两个整数 ,使得 ,则 的取值范围为( )A.B.C.D.二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.已知向量 与 夹角为 ,则 __________.14.已知圆 的方程为 ,则圆上的点到直线 的距离的最小值为__________.15.某工厂制作仿古的桌子和椅子,需要木工和漆工两道工序.已知生产一把椅子需要木工4个工作时,漆工2个工作时;生产一张桌子需要木工8个工作时,漆工1个工作时.生产一把椅子的利润为1500元,生产一张桌子的利润为2000元.该厂每个月木工最多完成8000个工作时、漆工最多完成1300个工作时.根据以上条件,该厂安排生产每个月所能获得的最大利润是__________元.16.数列 满足是偶数, 是奇数若 ,则数列 的前 项的和是__________.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分,解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.17.已知 中,角 所对的边分别是 ,且 .(1)求角 的大小;(2)设向量 ,边长 ,当 取最大值时,求 边的长.18.如图,四棱锥 中,侧面 底面 , 为等腰直角三角形, , 为 直角梯形, .第5页 共28页 ◎ 第6页 共28页…○………………○……线…………○校:___________________班级…○………………○……线…………○(1)若 为 的中点, 上一点 满足 ,求证: 平面 ; (2)若 ,求四棱锥 的表面积.19.某地区农产品近几年的产量统计如下表:为了研究计算的方便,工作人员将上表的数据进行了处理, 得到下表:(1)根据表中数据,求 关于 的线性回归方程;(2)若近几年该农产品每万吨的价格 (万元)与年产量 (万吨)满足 ,且每年该农产品都能售完,当年产量 为何值时,销售额 最大?附:对于一组数据 ,其回归直线 的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计分別为:.20.已知是椭圆上的一点, 是该椭圆的左右焦点,且 . (1)求椭圆 的方程;(2)设点 是椭圆 上与坐标原点 不共线的两点,直线 的斜率分别为 ,且 .试探究 是否为定值,若是,求出定值,若不是,说明理由.第7页共28页◎第8页共28页21.已知函数.(1)时,求函数的单调区间;(2)设,使不等式对任意的恒成立,求实数的取值范围.选做题(请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答,如果多选,则按所做的第一题计分)22.在直角坐标系中,直线的参数方程为(为参数,),以原点为极点,轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线的极坐标方程为.(Ⅰ)若直线过点,求直线的极坐标方程;(Ⅱ)若直线与曲线交于两点,求的最大值. 23.选修4-5:不等式选讲已知函数. (1)当时,求不等式的解集;(2)证明:.第9页 共28页 ◎ 第10页 共28页1. A【解析】分析:先利用复数代数形式的乘除运算化简,从而求出的坐标,进而可得结果.详解:,在复平面内对应点的坐标为,位于第一象限,故选A.点睛:本题主要考查的是复数的乘法、除法运算,属于中档题.解题时一定要注意和以及 运算的准确性,否则很容易出现错误. 2.B【解析】分析:结合题意首先用列举法表示集合B ,然后利用并集的定义进行计算即可求得最终结果.详解:因为所以.中元素的个数为6. 本题选择B 选项.点睛:本题主要考查集合的表示方法,并集运算的定义等知识,意在考查学生的计算求解能力.3.C点睛:本题主要考查互斥事件和对立事件的联系和区别,考查充分条件和必要条件的概念.甲乙互斥,但是甲乙不一定对立,甲乙对立,则甲乙一定互斥.4.D【解析】由于数列为等差数列,依题意得1139{4624a d a d +=+=.解得2d =,所以7439615a a d =+=+=.5.D【解析】分析:首先分离常数得出,可判断出在上单调递减,且时,,时,,从而判断出,再根据在上减函数,判断出的大小关系,从而最后得出大小关系.详解:,在上为减函数,且时,时,,第11页 共28页 ◎ 第12页 共28页且,,且,且,,在上单调递减,,即 ,故选D.学科#网点睛:本题主要考查对数函数的性质、指数函数的单调性及比较大小问题,属于难题.解答比较大小问题,常见思路有两个:一是判断出各个数值所在区间(一般是看三个区间);二是利用函数的单调性直接解答;数值比较多的比大小问题也可以两种方法综合应用 6.B点睛:该题考查了三角函数图像的对称性、周期性等,在做题的过程中,需要我们注意对称中心与对称轴的距离与周期的关系,还有要注意就是取值可以是谁这些关键字. 7.A【解析】分析:由已知中的程序语句可知,该程序的功能是利用循环结构计算并输出变量的值,模拟程序的运行过程,分析循环中各变量值的变化情况,可求得结果.详解:根据题意,可知该题所解决的就是求对应数列的 前12项和,在求解的过程中,应用框图中所给的条件,求得对应的前12项,作和可得输出的结果为,故选A.点睛:该题属于利用所学知识解决实际问题,在求解的过程中,需要明白框图的作用,在求解时,抓住项数不是很多这一关键点,可以琢磨着逐项求出结果,最后求和,如此做应该出错率较低,工作量较少,如果非得求通项的话,就会加大难度. 8.D第13页 共28页 ◎ 第14页 共28页点睛:本题利用空间几何体的三视图重点考查学生的空间想象能力和抽象思维能力,属于难题.三视图问题是考查学生空间想象能力最常见题型,也是高考热点.观察三视图并将其“翻译”成直观图是解题的关键,不但要注意三视图的三要素“高平齐,长对正,宽相等”,还要特别注意实线与虚线以及相同图形的不同位置对几何体直观图的影响,对简单组合体三视图问题,先看俯视图确定底面的形状,根据正视图和侧视图,确定组合体的形状. 9.B点睛:本题考查命题真假的判断,是中档题,解答时需注意空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系的合理运用.空间几何体的线面位置关系的判定与证明:①对于异面直线的判定,要熟记异面直线的概念(把不平行也不想交的两条直线称为异面直线);②对于异面位置关系的判定中,熟记线面平行于垂直、面面平行与垂直的定理是关键.学科@!网10.C【解析】分析:先根据得出不等式在上恒成立,再分离参数,将不等式恒成立问题转化为求函数的最值问题,构造函数,利用导数求其最值.※※题※※…○…………线…………○详解:当时,不等式恒成立,当时,恒成立,即在区间恒成立,令,则,则在上单调递减,在上单调递增,即,则.故选C.点睛:(1)处理不等式恒成立问题,往往转化为求函数的最值问题,如:恒成立,恒成立;(2)要注意区分恒成立和有解问题,如:恒成立,有解.11.A点睛:双曲线的离心率是双曲线最重要的几何性质,求双曲线的离心率(或离心率的取值范围),常见有两种方法:①求出a,c,代入公式;②只需要根据一个条件得到关于a,b,c的齐次式,结合b2=c2-a2转化为a,c的齐次式,然后等式(不等式)两边分别除以a或a2转化为关于e的方程(不等式),解方程(不等式)即可得e(e的取值范围).12.B【解析】分析:设g(x)=e x(3x﹣1),h(x)=ax﹣a,对g(x)求导,将问题转化为存在2个整数x0使得g(x0)在直线h(x)=ax﹣a的下方,求导数可得函数的极值,解g(﹣1)﹣h(﹣1)<0,g(﹣2)﹣h(﹣2)>0,求得a的取值范围.详解:设g(x)=e x(3x﹣1),h(x)=ax﹣a,第15页共28页◎第16页共28页第17页 共28页 ◎ 第18页 共28页点睛:本题的关键是转化,将数的关系转化为存在2个整数x 0使得g (x 0)在直线h (x )=ax ﹣a 的下方,再利用数形结合分析找到关于a 的不等式组. 13.【解析】 由向量与的夹角为,则.14.【解析】由题意得,圆心到直线的距离学科#网则圆上的点到直线的距离的最小值为15.2100000【解析】【方法点晴】本题主要考查利用线性规划解决现实生活中的最佳方案及最大利润问题,属于难题题. 求目标函数最值的一般步骤是“一画、二移、三求”:(1)作出可行域(一定要注意是实线还是虚线);(2)找到目标函数对应的最优解对应点(在可行域内平移变形后的目标函数,最先通过或最后通过的顶点就是最优解);(3)将最优解坐标代入目标函数求出最值.第19页 共28页 ◎ 第20页 共28页………○…………订…………○…………线…………○在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※………○…………订…………○…………线…………○16.450【解析】分析:根据递推关系求出数列的前几项,不难发现项的变化具有周期性,从而得到数列的前项的和.详解:∵数列{a n }满足,∵a 1=34,∴a 2==17,a 3=3a 2+1=3×17+1=52,a 4==26,a 5==13,a 6=3a 5+1=40,a 7==20,a 8==10,a 9==5,a 10=3a 9+1=16,a 11==8,a 12==4,a 13==2,a 14==1,同理可得:a 15=4,a 16=2,a 17=1,……. 可得此数列从第12项开始为周期数列,周期为3.则数列{a n }的前100项的和=(a 1+a 2+……+a 11)+a 12+a 13+29(a 14+a 15+a 16) =(34+17+52+26+13+40+20+10+5+16+8)+4+2+29×(1+4+2)=450. 故答案为:450. 学科#网点睛:本题考查了分段形式的递推关系,数列的周期性.数列作为特殊的函数,从函数角度思考问题,也是解题的一个角度,比如利用数列的单调性、周期性、对称性、最值等等.17.(1)(2).点睛:本题考查正弦定理,余弦定理的应用,考查向量数量积的运算,以及二次函数的最值,属于中档题. 18.(1)见解析;(2)四棱锥的表面积为. 【解析】分析:(1)过点作,连接,证明,即证平面. (2)先求出四棱锥的各个面的面积,再求四棱锥的表面积.第21页 共28页 ◎ 第22页 共28页(2)因为平面平面.平面平面, 平面,且,所以平面.又因为平面,所以,所以,连接,同理,由平面平面,,可得平面.过点作交于点,连接. 则由,得.点睛:本题主要考查空间线面关系的证明和面积的计算,属于基础题. 19.(1);(2) 年产量为7万吨时,销售额最大.【解析】分析:(1)利用最小二乘法求关于的线性回归方程. (2)先写出销售额的函数表达式,再求其最大值.详解:(1)由题意知,,,※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※………○…………订…………○…………线…………○,,所以,又,所以关于的线性回归方程为.由,得,即.(2)当年产量为时,销售额,当时,函数取得最大值,即年产量为7万吨时,销售额最大.点睛:本题主要考查线性回归方程的求法,属于基础题.20.(1) 椭圆;(2)见解析.消去y得因为,所以即,解得第23页共28页◎第24页共28页第25页 共28页 ◎ 第26页 共28页所以,点睛:本题主要考查待定待定系数法求抛物线及椭圆标准方程、圆锥曲线的定值问题以及点在曲线上问题,属于难题. 探索圆锥曲线的定值问题常见方法有两种:① 从特殊入手,先根据特殊位置和数值求出定值,再证明这个值与变量无关;② 直接推理、计算,并在计算推理的过程中消去变量,从而得到定值. 21.(1)见解析(2)当时,,,原问题等价于:对任意的,恒有成立,即,学@科网当时,取得最大值,∴.点睛:(1)在利用导数研究函数的单调性时,要注意函数的“定义域优先原则”,切不要忘记求函数的定义域;(2)在研究不等式恒成立问题时,往往分离参数,将问题转化为求函数的最值问题,再利用“恒成立”进行处理.22.(Ⅰ);(Ⅱ)4.【解析】分析:(Ⅰ)由题意可得直线的斜率为,则,由直线的参数方程消去参数可得普通方程为※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※……○…………订…………○…………线…………○(Ⅱ)曲线的普通方程为,所以曲线是以为圆心且经过原点的圆,因为直线过圆心,所以,所以,,所以(当且仅当时取等号),故的最大值为4.点睛:本题主要考查参数方程、极坐标方程、直角坐标方程之间的转化,基本不等式及其应用等知识,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.23.(Ⅰ);(Ⅱ)见解析.点睛:本题的第(2)问,由于涉及到多个形式差不多的绝对值,所以此时要联想到三角绝对值不等式和基本不等式,利用它们帮助分析解题.第27页共28页◎第28页共28页。
金太阳2018届高三全国(卷)冲刺演练语文试卷

金太阳2018届高三全国(卷)冲刺演练语文考生注意:1.本试卷共150分。
考试时间150分钟。
2.请将各题答案填在答题卡上。
3.本试卷主要考试内容:高考全部范围。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题中国古代的尚象观念从《周易》开始。
易象是中国文化的源头,也是审美意象的源头。
伏羲通过对自然万物的仰观俯察,探索出了万物的变化规律,并取万物之意,创制出了分别代表天地、水、火、风、雷、山,泽的八卦图,以象喻意。
八卦如此,审美意象的创构同样如此,两者都是“近取诸身,远取诸物”的结果。
王羲之《兰亭集序》有“仰观宇宙之大,俯察品类之盛,所以游目骋怀,足以极视听之娱,信可乐也”的说法。
这种游目骋怀,正是在俯仰体悟之间获得审美的愉悦。
通过仰观俯察,主体在立象尽意之中进行审美的体悟和创造。
中国自古以来的观物取象、立象尽意的体验方式和创造方式,是审美方式的体现。
观物取象包含着审美的观照方式,其观其取,都体现了古人的尚象精神。
立象尽意乃以象见意,突出了象的表意功能。
在上古的器物和艺术创造中,主体观物取象的目的在于制器和创构艺术意象。
《周易·系辞上》所谓“制器者尚其象”,《左传·宣公三年》所谓“铸鼎象物”,说的都是尚象制器。
从史前彩陶的造型和纹饰开始,中国的器物创造和艺术创造都体现了尚象的精神。
象是感性生动的,以其张力不断生成和创构。
观物取象本身不仅是一种感悟方式,而且还借助想象力进行意象创构。
同时,象还具有丰富的象征性,借助于虚实相生等手法,使丰富的意味和情趣得以呈现。
汉字中包含着尚象的特征。
汉字如诗如画,是以象形表意为基础的文字,包含着意象的形态及其组合,体现了审美的思维方式。
汉字都在不同程度上以象表意,是观物取象的产物,从自然和社会中提取物象和事象,充满着情趣和意味,借以表意,具有直观性和象征性的特点。
在用字的过程中,主体常常使文字承载着主观的情意,使象与情意相统一。
2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(三)冲刺卷文综地理试题(解析版)

2018届高三全国(新课标区)金优试卷模拟(三)冲刺卷文综地理试题第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题。
每小题4分,共140分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
当河流流经地区的地壳运动是间歇性上升时,那么在地壳上升运动期间,河流以下切为主;在地壳相对稳定期间,河流以侧蚀和堆积为主,这样就在河谷两侧形成多级阶地。
克里雅河发源于昆仑山,向北汇入塔里木盆地的沙漠中,下图为某科考队绘制的克里雅河出山口处河床至阶地剖面示意图,据此回答下列各题。
1. 低阶地表层沉积物分选性明显较高阶地差的原因是A. 大陆性气候风速多变B. 径流量随季节变化明显C. 沉积物质来源复杂D. 物理风化作用较强2. 高阶地与中阶地相对高差和表面大小不同是由于地壳抬升的A. 高度B. 速率C. 规模D. 年代3. 科考队发现该地阶地下部存在古老的砾石沉积层,其原始地貌可能是A. 风积沙丘B. 风蚀沟谷C. 冲(洪)积扇D. 三角洲【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C【解析】1. 由图可知,高阶地表层沉积物以沙丘沙为主,这是风力沉积物,而低阶地沉积物既有风力沉积的沙丘,又有河流沉积的粉砂-粘粒,来源较高阶地复杂,所以沉积物均匀程度较差,据此选C。
2. 由图可知,高阶地落差较大,表面倾角大,说明地壳抬升较快,河流下切侵蚀作用强烈;中阶地落差小,表面倾角小,说明地壳相对稳定,河流以侧蚀和堆积为主,所以影响因素是地壳抬升的速率不同,选B。
3. 根据文字材料可知,该剖面图绘制于克里雅河出山口处,河流刚出山,携带的大量砾石、泥沙等在河流出山口会大量堆积形成山前冲积扇或洪积扇,据此选C。
低碳城市是指以低碳经济为发展模式及方向、市民以低碳生活为理念和行为特征、政府公务管理层以低碳社会为建设标本和蓝图的城市,《三亚市“十三五”低碳城市建设实施方象》提出将三亚打造成为低碳城市示范城市。
据此完成下列各题。
4. 低碳城市建设主要是为了应对A. 全球变暖B. 酸雨危害C. 城市内涝D. 生物多样性减少5. 三亚发展低碳城市的优势条件是A. 技术水平高B. 政府大力支持C. 气候宜人D. 城市密度高6. 三亚发展低碳城市措施可行的是A. 减少煤炭使用,提高石油利用比重B. 大力建设城市高架,提高通行能力C. 建设海绵城市,防止城市内涝D. 大力发展公共交通,减少私家车使用【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D【解析】4. 碳增多即二氧化碳等温室气体增多,这会加剧温室效应,加剧全球变暖,因此,低碳城市建设主要是为了应对全球变暖,选A。
2018年全国(新课标区)金优试卷高考英语一模试卷

2018年全国(新课标区)金优试卷高考英语一模试卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节)第一节(满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.1. Located in Times Square and the Broadway theatre district, this hotel offers free coffee, tea and hot chocolate. Continental breakfast is provided. A flat﹣screen satellite TV with HBO is included in every room at Econo Lodge Times Square. A safety deposit box and a desk are provided, and free local and long distance calls to the US and Canada are offered.The 50th Street underground station is 3 blocks from the Econo Lodge TimesSquare. Rockefeller Center and the Museum of Modern Art are a 5﹣minute walk from the hotel.Hell’s Kitchen is a great choice for travellers interested in sightseeing, shopping and theatre. This is our guests favourite part of New York, according to independent reviews. This property is also rated for the best value in New York! Guests are getting more for their money when compared to other properties in this city.We speak your language!Most popular facilities: Free WiFi, Parking, Non﹣smoking rooms, Facilities for disabled guests, Daily maid service.Good to knowAddress: 302 West 47th Street, Hell’s Kitchen, New York, NY 10036, USAreservations@econolodgetimessquarem Tel: (212)2461991Welcome to the brand new EconoLodge ® Times Square(1)What is the best choice if you go to Rockefeller Center from the hotel?________A.On foot.B.By subway.C.By taxi.D.By train.(2)Which of the following isn’t free in Econo Lodge Times Square?________A.WiFi.B.Parking.C.All long distance calls.(3)What can be learnt from the passage?________A.The best time to live in the hotel is 3:00 am.B.All children under 5 years stay free of charge.C.The cancellation policies of each room in the hotel are the same.D.Customers from all over the world have no difficulty communicating with the hotel.【答案】ACD【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文是一则广告.介绍纽约Econo Lodge Times Square酒店.这家酒店位于时代广场和百老汇剧院区,提供免费咖啡、茶和热巧克力.来自世界各地的客户与酒店沟通没有困难.【解答】(1)A.细节理解题.根据第二段第二句Rockefeller Center and the Museum of Modern Art are a 5﹣minute walk from the hotel.可知,如果你从宾馆去Rockefeller Center,最好的选择是步行.故A项切题.故选A.(2)C.推理判断题.根据"A safety deposit box and a desk are provided, and free local and long distance calls to the US and Canada are offered.可知,并不是所有的长途电话都是免费的.故选C.(3)D.推理判断题.根据We speak your language!可知,来自世界各地的客户与酒店沟通没有困难.故D项正确.2. I was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise startled me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a tough nail. Bam! Bam! BAM! Who could be hammering at three in the morning? It must be Charlie again, making another invention.Just as I was putting on my slippers and clothes, the noise changed. I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It reminded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.I started dozing off, dangerously leaning to the left, when the ticking stopped. It was now replaced by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only louder. I shiver ed I’m allergic to bees ! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee like sound makes me swell.“That’s it!” I shouted, now wide awake, “I can’t take it anymore!” I marched to the next apartment and knocked. My neighbor immediately opened the door. His curly brown hair was sticking up every which way. He wore baggy striped pants and a loose shirt.“Hi, there, Lucy! What’s up?” he asked.I pointed at my noiseless watch.“Do you know what time it is?”He grabbed my arm and glanced at my timepiece.“Oh,my! I didn’t realize it was that late.I’m busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠).It’s almost finished. You want to see it? ” I should have known. His last invention was supposed to get rid of bad smells, but it was powered by rotten eggs.A.The ticking sound.B.The coming of the bees.C.The smell of the rotten eggs.D.His neighbors silence.(2)What was Charlie doing?________A.He was inventing a wristwatch.B.He was working with the bees.C.He was making a new machine.D.He was fixing a broken clock.(3)How did Charlie feel when he saw the author?________A.Scared.B.Surprised.C.Annoyed.D.Disappointed.(4)What can we learn about Charlie’s last machine i n the last paragraph?________A.It doesn’t work.B.It makes a loud noise.C.It gives give off terrible smells while working.D.It is the latest machine that can cure insomnia.【答案】ACBC【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】本文是一篇记叙文.作者正在做一个甜美的梦,这时一声巨响吓了他一跳.这是他的邻居Charlie在发明机器,随后他去找邻居沟通这件事.【解答】(1)A.细节理解题.根据第二段最后两句Tick! Tick! Tick! It reminded me of my first wristwatch. Its regular pace had always helped me fall asleep.可知,滴答滴答的声音使作者再次昏昏欲睡.故A项正确.(2)C.细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句It must be Charlie again, making another invention.可知,Charlie正在制造一台新机器.故C项正确.(3)B.推理判断题.根据第五段“Hi, there,Lucy! What’s up?” he asked.可知,当Charlie看到作者时,他感到惊讶.故B项正确.(4)C.推理判断题.根据最后一段最后一句His last invention was supposed to get rid of bad smells, but it was powered by rotten eggs.可知,Charlie最后的机器在工作的时候散发出难闻的气味.故C项正确.3. To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels (皮) on a 3﹣hectare piece of land within the national park at nothem poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was “polluting a national park.” They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.“While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields,I’d have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines(藤) in the orange peel site itself, ”said Timothy Tr euer.Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples (样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar with composting (施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange mined a national park and stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuers study has received worldwide attention, this type of ruining is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.(1)Why could Del Oro throw orange peels within the national park?________A.He rented a 3﹣hectare piece of land in the national park.B.He gave part of their forestland to the national park.C.The national park wanted to make the soil richer.D.He came to an agreement with the national park by paying some money.(2)When was the deal between Del Oro and the national park made?________A.In 1998.B.In 1999.C.In 2012.D.In 2013.(3)What made Treuer shocked?________A.The orange story Daniel Janzen mentioned.B.The deal between Del Oro and the national park.C.The pollution of orange peels to the national park.D.The effect that the orange peels had on the land.(4)What’s the authors attitude to the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?________ A.Positive. B.Worried.C.Admirable.D.Disapproving.【答案】BADD【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文章主要讲述了一些生态学家联合水果生产商,将大量的水果皮填埋在土地里,以【解答】(1)B.细节理解题.根据第一段第一句To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park.可知,Del Oro可以在国家公园里扔橘子皮是因为他把一部分林地给了国家公园.故B项正确.(2)A.推理判断题.根据第三段Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15years earlier.可以推断出,15年前 Del Oro与national park 达成协议,往公园里倾倒橘子皮,但一年后由于其他果汁公司的挑战终止了.所以德尔奥罗和国家公园之间的交易是在1998年达成的.故A项正确.(3)D.推理判断题.根据第三段最后一句What he found shocked him.和第四段“While I wou ld walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields,I’d have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines(藤) in the orange peel site itself,”said Timothy Treuer.可知,橘子皮对土地的影响使Treuer震惊.故D项正确.(4)D.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange “mined” a national park and slopped it from going forward.可知,这位法官认为橘子皮毁坏了公园的发展,而作者在文中最后一句话this type of “ruining” is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.指出,橘子皮实际上使森林恢复了生机,所以作者不赞成法官的观点.故D项正确.4. World Breastfeeding Week(世界母乳喂养周) is an annual celebration held during the first week in August in more than 120 countries. The celebration aims to raise awareness about the health and economic benefits of breastf eeding One goal of this year’s event is to encourage governments to support workplace policies that help mothers breastfeed their babies for as long as possible. Another goal is to confirm that breastfeeding is normal and natural.In 2016 The Lancet published a series on breastfeeding. The Lancet claimed that deaths of 823, 000 children and 20, 000 mothers each year could be ________ through universal breastfeeding, along with economic savings of USD 300 billion. Many doctors recommend that babies be breastfed because the milk and closeness to the mother provide health benefits for newborns. Experts say breastfeeding allows a mother to share her immune protection with her baby. In countries with poor water quality especially, breastfeeding protects a newborn from dangerous infections.Breastfeeding might benefit not just the child. In recent years, researchers have also been studying the health benefits of breastfeeding for the mother. A new study found that women who breastfed may have lowered their risk of heart disease or stroke by an average of 10 percent when they became older. The researchers found that women who breastfed had a 9 percent lower risk of heart disease and an 8 percent decreased risk ofstroke. These percentages are in comparison to women who had never breastfed. The benefit of breastfeeding was even greater for women who nursed their babies for two years or more. Their heart disease risk was 18 percent lower and the risk of stroke 17 percent less than for those women who did not breastfeed.(1)What is the function of the first paragraph?________B.To emphasize that breastfeeding is of great benefit.C.To tell us the background of World Breastfeeding Week.D.To inform us of the goals of World Breastfeeding Week this year.(2)What does the underlined word “averted” in Paragraph 2 mean?________A.Increased.B.Prevented.C.Killed.D.Improved.(3)What is the benefit of breastfeeding?________A.It can let a mother liver a longer life.B.It can make the new baby never get ill.C.It can reduce the baby’s risk of heart disease.D.It can protect a new baby from dangerous infections.(4)What can be the best title for the text?________A.Different Researches on Breastfeeding.B.Advantages and Disadvantages of Breastfeeding.C.Introductions to 2017 World Breastfeeding Week.D.Breastfeeding Benefits Both Babies and Mothers.【答案】ABDD【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文讲的是“母乳喂养”.母乳喂养有利于婴儿和母亲.【解答】(1) A.推理判断题.根据第一段World Breastfeeding Week(世界母乳喂养周) is an annual celebration held during the first week in August in more than 120 countries. The celebration aims to raise awareness about the health and economic benefits of breastfeeding One goal of this year’s event is to encourage governments to support workplace policies that help mothers breastfeed their babies for as long aspossible. Another goal is to confirm that breastfeeding is normal and natural.世界母乳喂养周是8月第一周在120多个国家举行的年度庆祝活动.此次庆祝活动旨在提高人们对母乳喂养的健康和经济效益的认识,这一目标是鼓励各国政府支持工作场所政策,帮助母亲尽可能长时间地母乳喂养婴儿.另一个目标是确认母乳喂养是正常和自然的.可知,第一段的功能是为了介绍文章主题“母乳喂养”.故A项正确.(2)B.词义猜测题.根据第二段The Lancet claimed that deaths of 823, 000 children and 20,000 mothers each year could be averted through universal breastfeeding, along with economic savings of US$300 billion. The Lancet杂志声称,通过普遍的母乳喂养,可以避免每年823000名儿童和2万名母亲的死亡,同时经济节约3000亿美元.由此推知,划线词的意思是“阻止”,故B项切题.(3)D.细节理解题.根据第二段中Experts say breastfeeding allows a mother to share her immune protection with her baby. In countries with poor water quality especially,breastfeeding protects a newborn from dangerous infections.可知,breastfeeding能保护(4)D.主旨大意题.本文讲的是“母乳喂养”.再根据最后一段第一、二句Breastfeeding might benefit not just the child. In recent years, researchers have alsobeen studying the health benefits of breastfeeding for the mother.可知,母乳喂养有利于婴儿和母亲.故D项正确.第二节(满分10分)根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.Are you a high school student with a head filled with invention ideas? You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. Look atthe following tips that help.(1)_______You may have come up with a fantastic idea,but it’s possible that someone else has already thought of it. Do a quick search online to see if something similar has already been made. If your idea does exist,don’t be discouraged, which means that you came upwith such a great solution.Outline your idea(2)_______Label every component(部件) and make notes about how various pieces will go together.Don’t hesitate to make multiple sketches(草图)of the same designuntil you are satisfied with the result.Gather materials to build a prototype and test it A prototype is a working model of your idea.You don’t need to use the highest quality materials,(3)_______ And then you can ask your classmates to test out the device and if they have any suggestions for improvements.Draft a patentIn order to protect your invention and claim it as your own, you must patent it. A patentis a legal document stating that you came up with the idea and proves that you own the invention.(4)_______Reach out to investors.If you want to mass produce your invention, you will likely need to raise some money.(5)_______ In return, they will get some of the profits from the sales of product.A. Coming up with an ideaB.Make sure your idea doesn’t already exist.C. It prevents other people from stealing your idea.D.for the highest quality ones won’t function very well.E. but simply ones that will give you a functional working device.F. Draw out a basic diagram of what your invention will look like.G. Investors will give you money when you are first starting out to produce the product.【答案】B,F,E,C,G【考点】七选五阅读【解析】本文是一篇说明文.你是一名高中生,脑子里充满了发明的想法吗?你可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法,或者如何将它们转化为可行的发明.本文为你提供了一些建议.【解答】(1)B.小标题选择.此空是一个小标题,结合下文标题,可知应该用祈使句,在B/F 中选.本段第一句提到“你可能想出了一个绝妙的主意,但也有可能是别人已经想到了它.”由此推知,确保你的想法还不存在.故B项切题.故选B.(2)F.承接下文题.下文提到“给每个组件贴上标签,并记录下各个部件是如何组合在一起的.”承接下文,F项Draw out a basic diagram of what your invention will look like.“画出你的发明将会是什么样子的基本图表.”切题.该项中的Draw out与下文的Label every component(部件) and make notes对应.故选F.(4)E.文章衔接题.根据You don’t need to use the highest quality materials,(4)_____.由句中逗号可知此处应该是一个小写开头的半句话,所以在D/E中选择.前半句提到“你不需要使用高质量的材料”,承接前半句,E项but simply ones that will give you a functional working device.“但是只是可以给你一个功能性的工作设备.”切题.该项中的simply与前半句中的highest表明此处是一种转折关系.故选E.(5)C.联系上文题.上句提到“专利是一份法律文件,说明你提出了这个想法,并证明你拥有这项发明.”承接上文,C项 It prevents other people from stealing your idea.“它可以防止别人窃取你的想法.”切题.该项中的prevents other people from stealing与上句中的own相吻合.故选C.(6)G.理解判断题.下文提到“作为回报,他们将从产品销售中获得部分利润.”承接下文,G项 Investors will give you money when you are first starting out to produce the product.“当你第一次开始生产产品时,投资者会给你钱.”切题.该项中的give you money与下文的get some of the profits from the sales of product相吻合.故选G.第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节)第一节完形填空(每小题1. 5分,满分30分)阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A. B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡. 上将该项涂黑.At the age of nine, I was taking swimming lessons at a pool. The day arrived when I was to be tested to see if I could (1)_______ to a higher level class.Fifteen of us were to (2)_______swimming from one side of the pool to the other and back. I watched as my (3)_______, one by one, tried and failed. Then it was my turn to (4)_______, I mean, my turn to attempt to pass the test. It was about halfway when I got (5)_______. I immediately stopped and (6)_______ the side of thepool, ending my test. Our instructor, a college student, was standing (7)_______me.“Why did you stop?” he yelled, in a less than (8)_______voice.“I got water in my nose.” I (9)_______.Tha t’s when this college student (10)_______me one of life’s great lessons,(11)_______ he probably never realized that. Bending down, he shouted, “So?”“So?” The (12)_______shocked me. It had just seemed (13)_______to me that the answer to pain was to remove the thing causing the (14)_______. My nine﹣year﹣old brain had not understood the fact that a valuable (15)_______is worth achieving, however difficult to get there. Recognizing that, I was (16)_______nothing would keep me from completing the test. In fact, I did it rather (17)_______on my next attempt. Seeing me (18)_______the test, almost all the others did so as well.Life is a journey, and the road won’t (19)_______be easy. We have to focus on the final destination, not the (20)_______ along the road.A.skipB.referC.advanceD.add(2)A.take turnsB.insist onC.take risksD.put off(3)petitorsB.classmatesC.studentsD.instructors(4)A.showB.leaveC.failD.observe(5)A.injuredB.blamedC.trappedD.chocked(6)A.pushedB.pressedC.grabbedD.controlled(7)A.aboveB.belowC.besideD.beyond(8)A.surprisedB.sympatheticC.annoyedD.cold(9)A.explainedB.reactedC.declinedD.urged(10)A.deliveredB.owedC.taughtD.promised(11)A.so thatB.as ifC.in caseD.even if(12)A.problemB.excuseC.questionD.voice(13)A.logicalB.illegalC.ridiculousD.impossible(14)A.disasterB.discomfortC.damageD.fear(15)A.resultB.advantageC.goalD.task(16)C.embarrassedD.sure(17)A.slowlyB.easilyC.strangelyD.eagerly(18)A.attendB.takeC.giveD.pass(19)A.alwaysB.sometimesC.everD.seldom(20)A.sightsB.barriersC.surprisesD.harvests【答案】CABCDCABACDCABCDBDAB【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】作者通过一次游泳考试,明白了一个道理.生活就好比是游泳这一段路程,道路上并不总是一帆风顺的.期间我们必须关注最终的目标,而不是道路中的障碍.【解答】(1)C.动词词意辨析题.A. skip 跳过 B. refer涉及 C. advance 进入 D. add 添加.我要接受测试,看看我是否能进入一个更高层次的课程学习.故选C.(2)A.词组词意辨析题.A. take turns轮流 B. insist on坚持 C. take risks冒险D. put off推迟.我们中有15个人轮流从泳池的一边到另一边,然后又回来了.故选A.(3)B.名词词意辨析题.A. competitors竞争对手 B. classmates同班同学B.(4)C.细节理解题.A. show显示 B. leave离开 C. fail不及格 D. observe 庆祝.根据上一句话可推断出,大家都没有成功,所以之后轮到我游泳失败.故选C.(5)D.细节理解题.A. injured受伤的 B. blamed混蛋的 C. trapped捕获的D. chocked堵塞.根据" It was about halfway "可知,我在半路上受到阻碍,停住了.故选D.(6)C.动词词意辨析题.A. pushed推 B. pressed压 C. grabbed抓 D. controlled 控制.我立刻停下来,抓住了泳池边.故选C.(7)A.形容词词意辨析题.A. above上方的 B. below 在下面C. beside在旁边D. beyond超过.我们的老师,一个大学生,站在我的上方.故选A.(8)B.形容词词意辨析题.A. surprised出人意料 B. sympathetic同情 C. annoyed 打扰 D. cold 寒冷.他以一种完全不同情的声音喊道.故选B.(9)A.动词词意辨析题.A. explained解释 B. reacted反应 C. declined下降D. urged催促.我解释了,我的鼻子里有水.故选A.(10)C.动词词意辨析题.A. delivered交付 B. owed亏欠 C. taught 教D. promised 预示.那时候这个大学生教会了我人生的一课.故选C(11)D.词组词意辨析题.A. so that所以 B. as if好像 C. in case万一 D. even if 虽然.虽然他可能从未意识到这一点,他教会了我很重要的事情.故选D.(12)C.细节理解题.A. problem难题 B. excuse 借口C. question问题 D. voice 表达.根据“So?”可知,这个问题让我很震惊.故选C.(13)A.形容词词意辨析题.A. logical合理的 B. illegal非法 C. ridiculous可笑D. impossible 不可能.对我来说,这似乎是合乎逻辑的.故选A.(14)B.形容词词意辨析题.A. disaster灾难 B. discomfort 不适C. damage损害D. fear害怕.对我来说,我应该排除这些会引起不适的东西,想着怎么实现目标.故选B.(15)C.名词词意辨析题.A. result原谅 B. advantage优势 C. goal目标 D. task 工作.我九岁的大脑还没有意识到一个有价值的目标是值得实现的.故选C.(16)D.动词词意辨析题.A. concerned有关 B. sensitive敏感 C. embarrassed尴尬 D. sure确信.我确信没有什么能阻止我完成测试.故选D.(17)B.副词词意辨析题.A. slowly慢慢 B. easily容易 C. strangely奇怪D. eagerly急切.我在下一次尝试时很容易就做到了.故选B.(18)D.动词词意辨析题.A.attend出席 B. take拿 C. give给 D. pass通过.根据" almost all the others did so as well"可知,看到我通过了考试,其他人也都这样做了.故选D.(19)A.细节理解题.A. always永远 B. sometimes有时 C. ever 永远D. seldom 很少.生活是一段旅程,道路并不总是一帆风顺的.故选A.(20)B.名词词意辨析题.A. sights风景 B. barriers 障碍C. surprises惊奇D. harvests 收获.我们必须关注最终的目的地,而不是道路中的障碍.故选B.第二节(每小题1. 5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.Though pigs may never fly, a two﹣year﹣old pig in Franschhoek, South Africa is proving they can surely paint.Meet Pigcasso is the world’s first known pig artist (1)________masterpieces are selling for thousands of dollars. Joanne Lefson, who saved Pigcasso from a slaughterhouse(屠宰场)two years ago,(2)________(discover) the animal’s artistic talent accident all. He says of all the toys presented to keep the four﹣week﹣old pig (3)________(amuse), it was the paintbrushes that seemed to attract her most.The rescuer decided to present the pig with canvas(帆布)and paint and see what would happened.(4)________her delight, Pigcasso began creating works of art that can be described as “abstract expressionism.” Now (5)________(weigh) 450 pounds, the celebrated pig,who loves to paint the area’s scenic landscapes, has (6)________ special studio at Farm Sanctuary S. A. where she lives.Pigcasso’s artwork, which has far been sold online, is (7)________ (current) on display at Cape Town’s picturesque Victoria & Alfred Waterfront. Lefson says (8)________(it) main aim is to stress the effect of animal agriculture on the planet.While Pigcasso is the first pig and first nonhuman to headline an exhibition, she is not the first animal (9)________(create) masterpieces. Elephants, sea lions, and even penguins have shown similar artistic ability in exchange for some(10)________(treat),of course!【答案】whose,Discovered,amused,To,weighing,a,currently,its,to create,treats【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文介绍第一位猪艺术家Pigcasso.它真的是一头猪,不是历史上的毕加索.两年前,Joanne Lefson从一家屠宰场拯救了猪Pigcasso,发现了这只动物的艺术天赋.【解答】1.whose.考查定语从句.这是世界上第一个已知的猪艺术家,他的作品以数千美元的价格出售.此处artist是先行词,后面的定语从句缺少定语,故答案为关系代词whose.2.Discovered.考查谓语动词.两年前,Joanne Lefson从一家屠宰场拯救了猪Pigcasso,发现了这只动物的艺术天赋.根据two years ago可知句子用一般过去时态,故答案为Discovered.3.amused.考查过去分词做宾语补足语.他说,为了让这只四周大的猪开心起来,所有的玩具中是那只画笔最吸引她.Keep +宾语+过去分词,此处是过去分词做宾语补足语,故答案为amused.4.To.考查固定结构.To one’s delight使某人高兴的是﹣﹣﹣,故答案为To.5.weighing.考查现在分词.此处the celebrated pig和weigh之间是主动关系,用现在分词做原因状语,“这头著名的猪中450磅﹣﹣﹣”,故答案为weighing.6. a.考查不定冠词.根据上文可知“猪太重”,所以“有一个特殊的画室”,故答案为a.7.currently.考查副词.此处副词修饰后面的介词短语on display,故答案为currently.8.its.考查形容词性物主代词.“它的主要目标”,此处是形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故答案为its.9. to create.考查动词不定式做后置定语.The first/last﹣﹣﹣ to do sth.第一个或最后一个做某事的﹣﹣﹣,此处是动词不定式做后置定语,故答案为to create.10.treats.考查名词复数.当然,大象、海狮、甚至企鹅都表现出了类似的艺术才能,以换取一些美食.Some修饰可数名词复数,故答案为treats.第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文,文中共有10 处语言误,每句中最多有两处。
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2018届高三全国(新课标区)全优试卷模拟冲刺卷(一)英语试题第I卷第一部分听力(百强校英语解析团队专供)(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Mike doing now?A. Eating a hamburger.B. Drinking coffee.C. Preparing dinner.2. How many copies must the woman make?A. 80.B. 48.C. 503. When is the woman going to have a test?A. This Saturday.B. Next Sunday.C. This Sunday.4. Where is the man now?A. In a suitcase shop.B. On a plane.C. In a baggage hall.5. What did the woman probably do before she arrived home yesterday?A. She made a call to her friend.B. She looked for her car keys.C. She went shopping.第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
6. When does the conversation most probably take place?A. In the morning.B. At noon.C. In the evening.7. Which subject did the boy do best in?A. English.B. History.C. Maths.8. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Noises.B. School grades.C. Music.9. How long can ants survive underwater?A. For two days.B. For a week.C. For two weeks.10. What do ants usually do in the morning?A. They like to have a rest.B. They put out their legs and yawn.C. They live in dry places.11. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Mother and son.C. Colleagues.12. What do we know about the bookstore?A. It’s three blocks away.B. It’s on Green Street.C. Its next to a supermarket.13. Which bus can get the man to the bookstore?A. The NO. 4 bus.B. The NO. 14 bus.C. The NO. 40 bus.14. What can we infer from the conversation?A. The man is going to the bookstore by himself.B. The woman’s native language may not be English.C. The man is sightseeing in the city.15. What does the woman do probably?A. She’s a host.B. She’s a student.C. She’s an athlete.16. Where are the two speakers most probably?A. At a spots meeting.B. Ata radio station.C. At a school.17. When will the man retire?A. When he can’t win medals.B. When he feels very tired.C. When he is too old to run.18. What should people in Beijing do when they go out tomorrow?A. Wear more clothes.B. Protect their skin from the sun.C. Bring an umbrella or raincoat.19. Which city will have good weather tomorrow for outdoor activities?A. Seoul.B. London.C. Paris.20. What do we know about the weather in Tokyo tomorrow?A. It will be sunny in the afternoon.B. There will be thunderstormsC. It will be cold.第二部分阅读理解(百强校英语解析团队专供)(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
ALocated in Times Square and the Broadway theatre district, this hotel offers free coffee, tea and hot chocolate. Continental breakfast is provided. A flat—screen satellite TV with HBO is included in every room at Econo Lodge Times Square. A safety deposit box and a desk are provided, and free local and long distance calls to the US and Canada are offered.The 50th Street underground station is 3 blocks from the Econo Lodge Times Square. Rockefeller Center and the Museum of Modern Art are a 5-minute walk from the hotel.Hell’s Kitchen is a great choice for travellers interested in sightseeing, shopping and theatre. This is our guests favourite part of New York, according to independent reviews.This property is also rated for the best value in New York! Guests are getting more for their money when compared to other properties in this city.We speak your language!Most popular facilities: Free WiFi, Parking, Non-smoking rooms, Facilities for disabled guests, Daily maid service.Good to knowAddress: 302 West 47th Street, Hell’s Kitchen, New York, NY 10036, USA reservations@econolodgetimessquarem Tel: (212) 2461991Welcome to the brand new EconoLodge ® Times Square1. What is the best choice if you go to Rockefeller Center from the hotel?A. On foot.B. By subway.C. By taxi.D. By train.2. Which of the following isn’t free in Econo Lodge Times Square?A. WiFi.B. Parking.C. All long distance calls.D. Coffee, tea and hot chocolate.3. What can be learnt from the passage?A. The best time to live in the hotel is 3:00 am.B. All children under 5 years stay free of charge.C. The cancellation policies of each room in the hotel are the same.D. Customers from all over the world have no difficulty communicating with the hotel.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】本文是一则广告。
介绍纽约Econo Lodge Times Square酒店。
这家酒店位于时代广场和百老汇剧院区,提供免费咖啡、茶和热巧克力。