翻译测试稿
英语翻译资格考试初级口笔译真题
英语翻译资格考试初级口笔译真题英语翻译资格考试初级口笔译真题英语翻译资格考试是从事英语翻译工作人员进行的英语初级、中级、高级翻译专业资格(水平)考试，下面，店铺为大家搜索整理了英语翻译资格考试初级口笔译真题，希望能给大家带来收获，Questions 16～20 At the beginning of 1613，about two hundred Polish soldiers arrived at a little Russian village. They lost their way in the thick forest and asked for a man to show them the way to town. But no one wanted to help them."You will have to go through that forest，" said an old man. "The road is on the other side." "Show us the way，" cried the enemy officer，" or we‘ll kill every one in the village!""I‘m old，" said the old man. "I may be not able to walk so far."But to himself he said，"I‘ll have to show them the way，but if I lead them into the thickest part of the forest， they will die there and I‘ll help to save my country."The old man went in front，and two hundred soldiers followed him. For many hours they moved on through the forest."Where is the road?" they cried. "We must be near the road by now.""I‘m old，" answered the old man. "Perhaps I have lost my way.""He wants money and give him some gold，" said the soldiers. "But if he doesn‘t show us the way we will kill him.""We‘ll soon be on the road now，" said the old man when he got the money. "And you will be able to go to the town."But the trees closed round them and it became darker and darker though it was still the middle of the day. It was even harderto walk on in the heavy snow."This cannot be the road，" the men said to one another，but they could do nothing but follow those in front."So，" said the old man when they stopped，"you can neither go farther not turn back. You will be here and you will die here. I will never turn against my country for your gold."16. The story happened _________.(A) in Russia(B) in a city(C) in Poland(D) in the soldiers‘ hometown17. The soldiers couldn‘t get to the town ______________.(A) because the old man was too old to walk(B) they lost their way in the thick forest(C) they killed every one in the village(D) they had to go through that forest18. At last all the soldiers _____________.(A) died in the forest(B) moved on through the forest(C) followed those in front(D) turned back to the village19. It became darker and darker because ______________.(A) it was going to rain(B) the trees were thicker and thicker(C) it was very late(D) it was not the middle of the day20. The old man _______.(A) turned against his country by getting gold(B) helped to save his country(C) killed all the soldiers(D) showed the soldiers back to townQuestions 21～25There are thousands of different languages in the world. Everyone seems to think that his native language is the most important one， as it is their first language. For many people it is even their only language all their lives. But English is the world‘s most widely used language.As a native language，English is spoken by nearly three hundred million people， in the U.S.A.，England，Australia and some other countries.For people in India and many other countries，English is often necessary for business， education and other activities. So English is the second language there.As a foreign language，no other language is more widely studied or used than English. We used it to listen to the radio，to read books or to travel. It is also one of the working languages in the United Nations and is more used than the others.21.The native language is a person‘s ______ language.(A)first(B)only(C)one(D) foreign22. People in ______ use English as their second language.(A) in the U.S.A.(B) India(C) China(D) Australia23. People in China use English as a _______ language.(A) first(B) second(C) foreign(D) native24. English is _____ widely used working language in the United Nations.(A) much(B) more(C) the more(D) the most25. As a second language, English is used in ____ ways by people all over the world.(A)one(B) two(C) three(D) fourQuestions 26~30What is your favorite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be a person full of hopeful happy feeling about life. Do you like grey and blue? Then maybe you are quiet, and you would rather go after than go before. And sometimes you feel unhappy. If you love green, you are strong-minded. You wish to do everything well and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologists tell us. They tell us that we don‘t choose our favourite colour as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.A yellow room makes us feel happier and more comfortable than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and gladness to the saddest winter day. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder and have few accidents whentheir machines are painted orange rather than black dark grey.Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colourful things. Remember also that you will know your friends better when you find out what colours they like and dislike. And don‘t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose something in different colours.26. If you love green, ___________.(A) you feel unhappy(B) you are strong-minded(C) you are happy(D) you feel comfortable27. Factory workers will have fewer accidents when ______.(A) they work in yellow or orange rooms(B) they work harder in red coats(C) they work on the orange machines(D) they work on the black machines28. It‘s important for us to choose colours because ______.(A) colours do affect our feeling in many ways(B) sometimes colours will do our feeling good(C) sometimes light and bright colours make us happy(D) colours will help us to do everything well29. If you feel low, you can brighten your day __________.(A) with more things to do(B) by helping others to do everything(C) with a new shirt(D) by seeing psychologist30. According to this passage, you know four friends better _______.(A) when you find out what colours they like and dislike(B) when you stay longer with them(C) if you see them often(D) when you choose something different for themSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes 20 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in thecorresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.As late as 1800, women‘s only place was in the home. The idea of women in the business was unthinkable. No “nice” woman would dream of entering what was strictly a “man‘s world”.Teaching was the first profession open to women soon after 1800. But even that was not an easy profession for women to enter because most high schools and colleges were open only to men.Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Florence Nightingale became famous. Miss Nightingale opened England‘s first training sc hool for nurses in 1860.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes 20 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.这儿是位于福建省北部的松溪县。
100篇英汉汉英翻译段落练习
1Lexicography1)Lexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language2) One isimmersed in the details of language as in no other field. 3) Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and endless they sap the spirit and depress the mind4) Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole 5) As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being 6)People must plan them collect information and write them.7 )Writing takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.8 )No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical.9) Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind.10) It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication to hard work.11) If one has produced a dictionary one has the satisfaction of having produced a work of enduring value.2.Pollution1) Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 3) Now “growth” indus tries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.1参考译文词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。
CAR T cell trogocytosis and cooperative killing regulate tumour antigen escape翻译稿
CAR T cell trogocytosis and cooperative killing regulate tumour antigen escapeCAR T细胞胞啃以及协同杀伤调节肿瘤抗原逃逸Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic antigen receptors that reprogram T cell specificity, function and persistence1 . Patientderived CAR T cells have demonstrated remarkable efficacy against a range of B-cell malignancies1–3 , and the results of early clinical trials suggest activity in multiple myeloma4 . Despite high complete response rates, relapses occur in a large fraction of patients; some of these are antigen-negative and others are antigen-low1,2,4–9 . Unlike the mechanisms that result in complete and permanent antigen loss6,8,9 , those that lead to escape of antigen-low tumours remain unclear. Here, using mouse models of leukaemia, we show that CARs provoke reversible antigen loss through trogocytosis, an active process in which the target antigen is transferred to T cells, thereby decreasing target density on tumour cells and abating T cell activity by promoting fratricide T cell killing and T cell exhaustion. These mechanisms affect both CD28- and 4-1BB-based CARs, albeit differentially, depending on antigen density. These dynamic features can be offset by cooperative killing and combinatorial targeting to augment tumour responses to immunotherapy.嵌合抗原受体(car)是一种人工合成的抗原受体，可以对T细胞的特异性、功能和持久性进行重新编程。
21cfr177.1520翻译稿
21cfr177.1520翻译稿模塑粉的⼤⼩。
这可以做到⽅便使⽤⼩规模商业塑料造粒机和切割样品通过⼀个屏幕有4英⼨⽹状。
细颗粒物应分开削减筛选树脂，通过⼀个20 -丝⽹。
材料上保留屏幕是适合提取测试。
（⼆）必须是有机溶剂美国化学学会分析试剂级;蒸馏⽔使⽤。
约30克的准备到最近的样品称重毫克。
权衡的树脂转移⼀个500毫升圆底配备回流冷凝器的烧瓶。
⼤约300毫升的溶剂添加到烧瓶和内容轻轻地⽤回流8⼩时加热套。
然后过滤溶剂⽴即关闭趁热，使⽤布⽒漏⽃约直径为5英⼨，吸瓶，和硬化滤纸（⽡特曼第50或同等学历）。
该⽂件是湿的与溶剂和轻微的吸⼒应⽤刚刚开始前的过滤。
该树脂是洗两次约100毫升的部分溶剂和合并滤液，洗涤是减少⾄约汞，绝对），作为加热必要的。
烧瓶的内容被转移到蒸发⽫（已在真空⼲燥器举⾏⽆⽔硫酸钙已达到⾄恒重）并仔细蒸发⼲燥。
固体残渣的重量是由区别在举⾏在⽆⽔的真空⼲燥器硫酸钙直⾄恒体重已经达到。
百分⽐固体中提取的计算⽅法是固体残渣的重量样品的重量乘以100。
（5）粘度（VN）的。
（⼀）粘度（VN）的尼龙6 / 12树脂在⼀个96％的硫酸溶液（5应毫克每毫升树脂）在25 °C（77 °F）的⽅法决定ISO 307-1984（五），“塑料聚酰胺粘数的测定，这是中以供参考。
市民可从中⼼⾷品安全与应⽤营养学（HFS- 200），⾷品和药物管理局，5100涂料科PKWY学院公园，MD20740，或可供查阅在联邦注册办公室，800北国会街，净重。
套房700，华盛顿特区，20408。
（⼆）粘数（越南）尼龙6 /69和尼龙PA- 6 - 3- T树脂在99％的甲酚溶液（5毫克应确定每毫升树脂）在25 °C（77°F）的⽅法ISO 307-1984（E）“塑料- 聚酰胺的测定粘数。
“这是中以供参考。
“给定值（d）段（5）（我）本节。
[42 FR14572，1977年3⽉15⽇]编者按：ForFEDERAL寄存器参考⽂献影响§177.1500，看到名单CFR第影响，这将出现在寻找艾滋病印量的部分GPO的访问烯烃聚合物。
UL8750：2008中文翻译稿
UL8750中文翻译稿1.范围1.1下列要求是针对发光二极管作为任何 1.3节所列的灯具产品光源，规范了最小的安全要求1.2发光二极管光源包含了下列的零组件：a)提供照明的单一发光二极管或是发光二极管阵列。
b)提供适当的电压与电流使发光二极管运作的电源。
c)提供开关、闪烁或是其它控制发光二极管能量的控制电路。
1.3符合本规格要求的发光二极管光源，可作为符合下列标准要求的灯具产品的照明。
下列产品适用于600V以下的电源分支，并在于依照美国国家电工法规（ANSI/NFPA 70）内所列的非危险的环境下使用。
本规格要求也适用于发光二极管光源连接到如一般电池组、燃料电池等独立电源的情况：a)灯具 UL 1598b)携带式灯具 UL 153c)舞台与工作室照明 UL 1573d)潜水用照明 UL 676e)游泳池照明 UL 676f)轨道灯系统 UL 1574g)号志 UL 48h)紧急照明灯与出口标示灯 UL 924i)内置电子安定器电灯 UL 1993j)逃生出口路径标示系统照明 UL 1994k)小夜灯 UL 1786l)可挠式照明, UL 2388m)低电压照明系统 UL 2108n)灯座配件 UL 496o)景观用照明 UL 18381.4用于危险场所、健康照护、紧急或海军用的LED照明产品应用，因具有其它额外的标准要求，并不包含在本评估指南中2.一般通则2.1零组件2.1.1除了 2.1.2节的例外情形，本指南涵盖的产品零组件必须符合该组件的要求。
参考附录A关于本指南所涵盖的产品零组件。
2.1.2符合下列情形下的零组件不需要遵守本指南的要求a)不具有本指南涵盖产品内零组件功能的特征。
b)本指南对零组件的要求已被取代。
2.1.3零组件的使用，必须符合其上标示的额定等级。
2.1.4零组件的结构并非完整，功能也会受到限制。
这些零组件仅能用在特定的情况下，例如:对于操作环境温度有限制时，零组件就仅能在不高于该额定温度下使用。
英语翻译测试1
英语翻译测试1试译⽂稿（通⽤篇）中译英：在李明读⼤⼀期间，我⼀直教授其“⼈⼒资源管理”专业知识，她以她的勤奋、好学、上进、聪慧给我留下了⾮常深刻的印象。
每次上课，她都认真预习并积极回答专业⽅⾯的问题，落落⼤⽅，谈吐清晰。
对于⼀些较难的知识点，她总是在下课后和我⼀起讨论并认真记录。
在这些讨论中，我发现她的许多见解很独特，是⼀个善于思考的学⽣。
她不仅很快理解概念，同时针对⽼师提出的问题，她能够进⾏多⾓度分析并提出解决⽅案。
“⼈⼒资源管理”是⼀门理论性、实践性⾮常强的学科，李明在课外阅读了⼤量的课外读物和资料：⼀是相关教材，⼆是相关期刊⽂章，三是利⽤互联⽹搜集资料。
通过⼴泛的阅读和搜集资料，李明掌握了学科的前沿理论和学科动态，具备⼴博的知识⾯。
Translation test (general)English to Chinese：When I was very young, the best footballer in the world--probably the best ever--played for my local team. My first set of colouring pencils bore his name; they were the only ones you could buy. Throughout the 80s, statues of the Madonna were gradually removed from their alcoves on street corners all over Napoli(那不勒斯) and replaced with busts of her near-namesake. Football in Italy is played on a Sunday, and while I would attend the Anglican church with my family and wait for them to drink tea with their expat friends, a far less genteel（⽂雅的，有教养的，上流社会的）, but more religious, ceremony would be going on outside. What seemed like the entire population of this most chaotic and downtrodden of cities would clog the streets leading to the Stadio San Paolo, leaning on their car horns in a raucous, polyphonic hymn to their little god. Everyone was having a great time, not least of all el Diego himself; by the end of the decade, the high life was taking its toll, and he began the long and sad descent into addiction(上瘾) and obesity. I never saw him play.管理类试译⽂（英译中）Organize weekly meetings with your team to discuss what went well and what went wrong duringthe execution of the different plans. Address critical issues and possible solutions.Go frequently to the shop floor and give the opportunity to people to indicate their main problemsand concerns.Implement and visualize a KPI dashboard to track operational performance vs target, use it to learnfrom the past and to focus your team on achieving the targets in the future.Create a Daily Control System together with your team to follow up on the operational processes and remaining workload, using clear workflows, assigning clear accountabilities and measurable PPIs (process performance indicators). It helps to monitor whether the process is under control and anticipate situations where targets will not be reached. Keep the daily control system focused on the operational process checks and ensure they are aligned with the KPIs in the dashboard. Identify which activities, KPIs and PPIs are influenced by other functions (e.g. Commerce, Purchasing). Monitor this interaction (e.g. forecast accuracy, supplier OTIF) and discuss this regularly with the other functions to identify potential improvements.Create a roadmap/masterplan for each department of the Logistics team to follow the main projectson a monthly basis. Ensure the roadmap contains clear milestones and deadlines.法律类翻译项⽬——试译⽂第⼗⼀条不可抗⼒当事⼈双⽅的任何⼀⽅由于不可抗⼒的原因不能履⾏合同时，应及时向对⽅通报不能履⾏或不能完全履⾏的理由，并应在____天内提供证明，允许延期履⾏、部分履⾏或者不履⾏合同，并根据情况可部分或全部免予承担违约责任。
AS4167.8-2010翻译稿E2
AS 4176.8-2010 澳大利亚标准™多层压力管材第8部分：最大工作压力达（和包括）5 bar（500 kPa）的用户煤气装置用多层管道系统–系统规范（ISO 17484-1:2006, 修订版）MSB-WL-03浙江铭仕管业有限公司二○○九年七月澳大利亚标准多层压力管材第8部分：最大工作压力达（和包括）5 bar（500 kPa）的用户煤气装置用多层管道系统–系统规范（ISO 17484-1:2006, 修订版）序本标准由澳大利亚/新西兰联合标准委员会的澳大利亚成员编制，PL-006聚烯烃管道系统将在一定程度上代替AS 4176—1994聚乙烯/铝和交联聚乙烯/铝宏观复合压力管道系统。
经两国的利益相关方协商，澳大利亚和新西兰联合标准委员会将本标准列入澳大利亚标准，而不是澳大利亚/新西兰标准。
本标准规定了最大工作压力达（和包括）5 bar（500 kPa）的用户煤气装置用多层管材及其接头的一般要求和性能要求。
PE-X 和PE管材应由压力设计层，胶层和阻挡层组成，AS 4176标准的这一部分对此进行了规定。
本标准采用国家标准修订内容，且为ISO 17484-1:2006 《塑料管道系统- 最大工作压力达（和包括）5 bar（500 kPa）的室内煤气装置用多层管道系统第1部分：系统规范》及其勘误表ISO 17484-1:2006勘误表1:2008（包含下述源文本）的修订版资料。
修订内容及附加要求在附录ZZ中有所描述。
附录ZA规定了证明产品符合本标准的方法。
由于本标准为国际标准，下述情况也适用于本标准。
(a) 无需在文件的每页都显示编号，仅需在封面上标注文件名称。
(b) 在源文本上，“ISO 17484标准的这一部分”应改为“AS 4176标准的这一部分”。
(c) 涉及十进制标记时，句号应用逗号替换。
本标准的术语“标准性”用于定义所用的附录的适用。
“标准性”附录是标准的一个组成部分。
本标准要求在附注和表格中使用规范性术语。
VDE测试认证程序中文翻译文稿
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5. 技术产品的测试与认证
5.1. 总则
5.1.1. 产品的商标、标志或其他商业命名（以下简称“商标”）必须符合法律要求，以使产 品认证获得准许。特别是客户必须对所提交的产品拥有所需的权利。
5.1.2. 客户应向指定的地址寄送所需数量的测试样品并随附文件，其引起的费用由客户自 身承担。测试样品必须标有客户名称和 VDE 研究院给出的项目号。样品应当以包装 的形式寄出，应能寄返并再次使用。
3.9. VDE 研究院拥有向第三方提供关于认证有效性信息的权利。
3.10.
若客户发生与德国破产诉讼本质相似的破产诉讼或国外的债务人保护诉讼，VDE 研 究院有权中止服务，并无需承受客户对此索要的任何赔偿。与此同时，签发的一切 证书和评定均失效，并且，除 VDE 研究院另有决定外，客户不再拥有使用由 VDE 研 究院授予的证书标志的权利。但是，VDE 研究院应同时适度考虑客户的合法利益， 并不应故意使之遭受损失。
PM 102
2013 年 7 月
VDE 测试认证院 测试和认证程序 （VDE 研究院）
（信息仅供参考，在任何情况下均以德文版本为准）
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VDE 测试认证院 测试和认证程序 PM102 (VDE 研究院)
目录
1. 范围 2. 合同的基本知识 3. 基本条款 4. 订单与账单的提交 5. 技术产品的测试和认证 5.1 总则 5.1 产品测试 5.2 测试样品的使用 5.4 产品的认证 5.5 生产监督 6 管理体系 6.1 专家意见与认证 6.2 审计员的委派 6.3 体系认证的相关附加条款 7 证书和认证标志的相关附加条款 8 证书的期限 9 证书的终止 10 证书的撤销和暂停 11 特殊审查，专家意见和测试 12 申诉程序 13 授权，法律责任，废除，合同违约金 14 其他
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汉译英：
为推广高效节能产品，提升社会整体能效，有效拉动消费，促进产业结构调整，2009年国家发展改革委、财政部组织实施了“节能产品惠民工程”，通过财政补贴方式推广高效节能产品，推动用能产品能效水平提升，节约能源。
同时，完善能效标准标识体系和节能监管体系，发挥它们对高效节能产品市场消费的引导和监督，构建有利于高效节能产品推广的长效机制。
“节能产品惠民工程”的推广产品是根据产品总体能耗水平和高效节能产品市场份额等情况对能效等级为1、2级以上或按一定原则确定为高效节能的家用电器、工业设备、交通工具等产品进行推广。
《节能产品惠民工程高效节能房间空调器推广实施细则》中明确规定了推广资格申请应该提交的资料应包含能效标识的备案证明和推广产品能效检测报告。
由此可见，能效标准标识是节能产品惠民工程实施的技术基础。
英译汉：
The security mindset envisions the worst-case scenario, then strives to prevent it from happening. Security consultants make a living from imagining “what if” — if an intruder breaks in, a robber holds up a store or a random force of nature flattens a building. By understanding risks, technology can be creatively deployed to minimize the damage. For example, sensors can alert homeowners about an intruder. Video surveillance can document an armed robbery and capture the assailant’s face. A smart building can issue evacuation alerts or direct people to a shelter before a tornado hits.
Keeping in mind potential dangers means a security business cannot be run like a consumer or IT business. Selling smartphones hinges on coolness and boosting unit sales, while security could care less about popularity. While smart business principles do apply, a security company is not focused on short-term returns.。