中考英语(人教版)考点知识拓展：第20讲+九年级Units+11-12

第20讲九年级Units 11－121．friend(n.)→friendship(n.)友谊；友情2．bank(n.)→banker(n.)银行家3．comfortable(adj.)→uncomfortable(反义词)不舒适的4．weight(n.)→w eigh(v.)称……的重量5．courage(n.)→encourage(v.)鼓励6．agree(v.)→disagree(反义词)不同意→agreement(n.)同意7．expected(adj.)→unexpected(反义词)出乎意料的8．ring(v.)→rang(过去式)→rung(过去分词)9．alive(adj.)→li v e(v.)生活→li v ely(adj.)活泼的；有生气的10．work(v.&n.)→job(同义词n.)工作11．burn(v.)→burnt(过去式)→burnt(过去分词)12．discover(v.)→disco v ery(n.)发现；发觉13．office(n.)→officer(n.)军官；官员14．believe(v.)→belie v able(adj.)可相信的15．disappear(v.)→appear(v.)出现；露面1．would rather宁愿2．drive sb.crazy/mad使人发疯/发狂3．the more．..，the more．..越……，越……4．be friends w ith(sb.)成为(某人的)朋友5．lea v e out忽略；不提及6．call sb.in召来；叫来7．neither...nor．..既不……也不……8．to start w ith起初；开始时9．let...do w n使失望10．kick sb.off开除某人11．be hard on sb.对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉12．rather than而不是13．pull together齐心协力；通力合作14．by the time (that)．..在……以前15．give...a lift捎(某人)一程16．in line with(与……)成一排17．sho w up赶到；露面18．by the end of...在(某时间点)以前19．sell out卖光1．Money and fame don't always make people happy．金钱和荣誉并不总能让人开心。

2．She said that the sad movie made her cry．她说悲剧电影使她哭泣。

3．The more I got to know her，the more I've realized that we had a lot in common．对她了解得越多，我会发现我们的共同之处越多。

4．His face was always pale as chalk.他的脸总是面如灰土。

5．Neither medicine nor rest can help him.药品和休息都帮不了他。

6．But w hate v er it was，don't be too hard on yourself．但不管怎样，不要过分苛刻地要求你自己。

7．Peter went to soccer practice w ith courage rather than fear in his heart.彼得并没有感到害怕，而是鼓起勇气去参加足球训练。

8．When I got to school，I realized that I had left my backpack at home.当我到学校时，我才意识到我把背包落在家里了。

9．My alarm clock didn't go off．我的闹钟没有响。

10．Life is full of the unexpected.生活总是充满难以预料的事。

11．Before I got to the bus stop，the bus had already left．在我到公共汽车站之前，公共汽车已经走了。

12．Many April Fool's jokes may end up being not very funny.许多愚人节玩笑结局并非十分好玩。

►would rather【典例在线】He would rather stay at home in such bad weather.在这么糟糕的天气里，他宁愿待在家里。

He would rather not listen to jazz.他不愿意听爵士乐。

I would rather read a book than watch TV.我宁愿看书也不愿看电视。

【拓展精析】would rather表示主观上的选择，意为“宁愿；宁可；更愿意”，后面接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为would rather not do sth.。

would rather do sth.than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”，相当于prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.。

【活学活用】1)—Driving less，walking more is good for our health.—So I'd rather __C__ an hour's walk to work than consider ________ a car.(2013，襄阳) A．take；drive B．take；to driveC．take；driving D．taking；driving►By the time I got outside，the bus had already left.我到外面的时候，公共汽车已经开走了。

【典例在线】By the time I finished working，they had already gone back home.我下班时，他们已经回家了。

When I got to the cinema，the movie had begun.当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。

【拓展精析】by the time意为“到……时候为止”，引导时间状语从句。

从句用过去时，主句用过去完成时。

过去完成时态表示的是在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。

它表示动作的时间是“过去的过去”。

其结构是由“had(用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词”构成。

其时间状语常为以by，before，by the time，by the end of等引导的时间状语。

【活学活用】1)By the end of last month，I __D__ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.A．collect B．collectedC．have collected D．had collected2)When I got to school，Amy __B__ her homework.A．had invented B．had finishedC．has finished D．had rushed►forget，leave【典例在线】When we relax on the beach，we often forget the time.当我们在沙滩上休闲时，我们经常忘记时间。

I left my watch in the library yesterday.昨天我把手表忘在图书馆了。

【拓展精析】forget与leave都有“遗忘”之意，但二者不能互换。

forget指忘记一件具体的东西(其后没有具体的地点)，忘记(做某事)。

leave指把东西忘在了某地，后接具体的地点，如：leave sth.＋地点。

【活学活用】1)By the time I got to school，I realized I had left (忘记) my math book on the bus.2)Sorry，I forgot (忘记) your e-mail address，please tell me again.►above，over，on【典例在线】Look！A plane is flying above your head.看！一架飞机正在你的头顶上方飞行。

There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。

There's a glass on the desk.课桌上有一个玻璃杯。

The temperature will stay above zero.气温将持续在零度以上。

It costs me over 100 yuan.这花费了我100多元。

2000 feet above sea level海拔2000 英尺【拓展精析】above意为“在……之上”，表示相对高度，不一定是正上方，其反义词为below。

over意为“在……之上”，表示在垂直之上，其反义词为under。

on意为“在……上面”，表示与表面接触。

注意：在表示“超过……；多于……”时，above与最低限度或某固定点(如温度)共联，over与数目、数量、年龄、金钱和时间等连用。

【活学活用】3)Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays __C__ zero.(2013，无锡)A．up B．down C．above D．below4)Mrs.King put a coat __A__ the sleeping girl to keep her warm.(2013，安徽)A．over B．with C．behind D．beside一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。

1．The aim is to give people more po w er (力量) over their own lives.2．His personal w ealth (财富) is around $100 million.3．I o v erslept (睡过头) and missed the bus this morning.4．Jack lives to the w est (西边) of the town.5．Researchers in this field have made some important new disco v eries (发现)．6．He put on w eight since he gave up smoking.7．They wait here till ten o'clock.8．Yesterday the doctor examined her but could find nothing wrong.9．If all of us can pull together，there must be something we can do to improve the environment.二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。