South Africa ends mediation role in Ivory Coast
争取南非种族平等英语作文
争取南非种族平等英语作文英文：As a South African, I believe that the fight for racial equality is an ongoing battle that requires constant effort and dedication. The history of apartheid in South Africa has left deep scars on our society, and it is our responsibility to work towards healing these wounds and creating a more inclusive and equal future for all.One of the key ways in which we can strive for racial equality is through education. By promoting diversity and inclusivity in our schools and universities, we can help to break down the barriers that have been erected by years of segregation and discrimination. For example, my own experience attending a diverse university has taught me the value of learning from people of different backgrounds and perspectives. This has not only enriched my education, but has also helped me to develop a deeper understanding and empathy for others.Another important aspect of the fight for racial equality is the need for representation and opportunities in the workplace. It is essential that people of all races have equal access to job opportunities and are able to advance in their careers based on their skills and abilities, rather than their race. This can be achieved through affirmative action policies and diversityinitiatives that aim to level the playing field for all individuals. I have personally witnessed the positive impact of such initiatives in my own workplace, where a more diverse and inclusive environment has led to greater creativity and innovation.In addition to education and employment, it is crucial that we address the systemic issues that perpetuate racial inequality in our society. This includes tackling issues such as housing discrimination, healthcare disparities, and the criminal justice system. By advocating for policy changes and supporting organizations that work towards racial justice, we can make a meaningful impact in creating a more equitable society for all.中文：作为一个南非人，我相信争取种族平等是一场持续不断的斗争，需要不断的努力和奉献。
VOA
obstacle to peace.
The death threats are being taken seriously. In 1995, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin
VOA News Item 3 政治：参议院就索托马约尔就任最高法院大法官进行了讨论
On the second day of debate all signs continued to point toward an easy confirmation win for
Sotomayor, the 55-year-old federal court judge nominated by President Barack Obama earlier this
VOA News Item 2 政治：英国政党领袖进行电视辩论第二轮角逐
Britain’s political life has been dominated for the past three decades by two parties —
the
Conservatives, now led by David Cameron, and Labor headed by current Prime Minister Gordon
in
Maputo to
prepare a report on the region’s political crises. It is to be presented to African leaders at their
南非洲隔离过程英语作文
文章标题The Process of Apartheid in Southern AfricaThe apartheid era in Southern Africa, specifically in South Africa, was a dark chapter in the continent's history. This system of racial segregation and political oppression was designed to maintain the dominance of the whiteminority over the black majority. The apartheid process was a gradual one, evolving from policies of discrimination to full-fledged institutionalized segregation.In the early years of apartheid, the government beganto enforce strict laws that limited the rights of non-white citizens. These laws dictated where different racial groups could live, work, and socialize, effectively dividing the country into separate and unequal spaces. Black South Africans were confined to overcrowded townships, denied access to basic services and amenities, and forced to labor under often exploitative conditions.The apartheid government also manipulated the political system to ensure the continued domination of white politicians. Elections were rigged, and politicalopposition was often brutally suppressed. This created a political landscape where the voices of the majority were silenced, and the minority's interests were paramount.The apartheid system had profound social and economic consequences. It destroyed families, communities, and cultures, and led to widespread poverty and inequality. The black population was systematically denied access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, creating a cycle of poverty that was difficult to break.However, the apartheid system did not go unchallenged. The black population, along with supporters from around the world, resisted apartheid through various means. Protests, strikes, and underground resistance movements were common, and many activists paid the ultimate price for their beliefs.International pressure also mounted against the apartheid government. Many countries imposed sanctions and cut diplomatic ties with South Africa, while the United Nations and other international organizations condemned the system. This international isolation and economic pressure eventually contributed to the collapse of apartheid.In 1990, the apartheid government began to negotiate a transition to a democratic system, and in 1994, SouthAfrica's first multi-racial democratic elections were held. This marked the official end of apartheid and the beginning of a new era of political freedom and equality.The process of apartheid in Southern Africa was atragic example of the consequences of racial discrimination and political oppression. It destroyed lives, communities, and cultures, and left a lasting legacy of inequality and poverty. However, the resilience and determination of the black population, along with international support, ultimately led to the downfall of apartheid and the emergence of a democratic South Africa.**南非洲隔离过程**南非洲，特别是南非的种族隔离时期，是非洲大陆历史上一个黑暗的时代。
英语作文-尼日利亚广播电视接收设备制造业：非洲地区的领导者
英语作文-尼日利亚广播电视接收设备制造业：非洲地区的领导者In the heart of Africa, Nigeria's broadcast and television reception equipment manufacturing industry stands as a testament to the continent's industrial progress. This sector has not only transformed the way information is disseminated across the region but has also positioned Nigeria as a leader in technological innovation within Africa.The journey of Nigeria's ascendancy in this field is rooted in the country's commitment to technological advancement and local industry development. Recognizingthe pivotal role of communication in the modern world, Nigeria has invested significantlyin developing a robust manufacturing base capable of producing high-quality broadcastand television reception devices. This strategic move has enabled the country to meet its domestic demands while also catering to the needs of neighboring countries.Nigeria's success in this industry can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the government's supportive policies have created an enabling environment for growth and innovation. Tax incentives, investment in research and development, and the establishment of technology parks have all played crucial roles in fostering a thriving manufacturing ecosystem.Secondly, the collaboration between academic institutions and the industry has been instrumental in driving innovation. Universities and technical schools have tailored their curricula to meet the industry's needs, ensuring a steady supply of skilled professionals. These collaborations have also led to the development of cutting-edge technologies that have propelled Nigerian products to the forefront of the market.Moreover, Nigerian manufacturers have emphasized quality and affordability,making their products competitive on a global scale. By utilizing locally sourcedmaterials and adopting efficient production techniques, they have managed to keep costslow without compromising on quality. This approach has not only made technologyaccessible to a wider population within Nigeria but has also attracted international buyers seeking cost-effective solutions.The industry's focus on sustainability and environmental responsibility has further enhanced its reputation. Manufacturers have adopted green technologies and processes, minimizing waste and reducing the carbon footprint of their operations. This commitment to sustainability resonates with global consumers who are increasingly conscious of the environmental impact of their purchases.Nigeria's broadcast and television reception equipment manufacturing industry also benefits from a strategic geographical location. Situated at the crossroads of trade routes, Nigeria serves as a gateway to both the African and global markets. This advantage has facilitated the export of Nigerian-made products, expanding the industry's reach and influence.The impact of this industry extends beyond economic gains. It has played a pivotal role in bridging the digital divide, providing communities with access to information and entertainment. The proliferation of Nigerian-made reception devices has enabled more people to connect with the world, fostering education, cultural exchange, and social development.In conclusion, Nigeria's broadcast and television reception equipment manufacturing industry embodies the spirit of African innovation. Through strategic investments, partnerships, and a commitment to quality and sustainability, Nigeria has established itself as a leader in the region. The industry's success story serves as an inspiration for other African nations, highlighting the potential for technological self-reliance and economic prosperity on the continent. As Nigeria continues to innovate and expand, it paves the way for a future where Africa is not just a consumer of technology but a key player in its creation. 。
种族隔离
The vestiges of apartheid still shape South African politics and society. Although the official abolition of apartheid occurred in 1991 with repeal of the last of the remaining apartheid laws, nonwhites were not allowed to vote until 1993 and the end of apartheid is widely regarded as arising from the 1994 democratic general elections，won by the African National Congress under Nelson Mandela. 种族隔离的余毒仍然侵蚀着南非社会。在1991年时种 族隔离政策及一些尚未废止的相关法令被正式废除， 不过非白人在1993年才有资格投票，最后在1994年多 民族的民主选举中，由曼德拉带领的非洲人国民大会 胜出。一般将1994年的民主普选视为南非种族隔离政 策的正式结束。
This is the end of my presentation.
Thank you!
Apartheid in South Africa
Introduction
History Performance
Development
&End
Introduction
Hale Waihona Puke Apartheid is an official policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites. Apartheid operated from 1948 to 1990.
So why aren’t Topic Maps ruling the world
Extreme Markup Languages 2002Montréal, QuébecAugust 6-9, 2002 So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?Eric FreeseElectronic Data FoundryAbstractThis paper raises some issues and questions intended to spark debate, raisesome hackles and spur action. It may upset some people in the process, buthopefully the debate will enrich the topic map community as a whole. The hopeof the author is that by bringing these items to light, smart people with goodideas and lots of energy may step forward in order to solve these problems.So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?Table of Contents1 Introduction (1)2 10 Things the Topic Map Community Has Done Wrong (1)2.1 The Topic Map community has lost sight of its roots (1)2.2 The success stories have either been few or invisible. The problems have been too easy tosee (1)2.3 There hasn't been a "killer app" for topic maps yet (2)2.4 Topic maps needs a good PR effort (2)2.5 The topic map conceptual "package" is not complete (3)2.6 The topic map/RDF convergence demanded at Extreme Markup Languages 2000 has notbeen delivered (3)2.7 Few, if any, tools exist to create topic maps from scratch (3)2.8 Does anyone really know how scope is supposed to work? If so, why haven't they told us?42.9 The ability to embed XTM syntax is limited (4)2.10 The topic naming constraint is a bad idea (4)3 Conclusion (5)Bibliography (5)The Author (6)So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?Eric Freese§1 IntroductionThis paper raises some issues and questions intended to spark debate, raise some hackles and spuraction. It may upset some people in the process, but hopefully the debate will enrich the topic mapcommunity as a whole. The hope of the author is that by bringing these items to light, smart peoplewith good ideas and lots of energy may step forward in order to solve these problems. The opinionsexpressed herein are not necessarily those of the author's employer, , OASIS, ISOor any other organization which may have a vested interest in promoting the topic map model.§2 10 Things the Topic Map Community Has Done WrongOk, "has done wrong" may not necessarily the best phrase to use. Perhaps "could improve upon"might be more constructive. In any case, there are several things the topic map community couldcertainly be doing better. The following sections will introduce these items, discuss them and possiblysuggest courses of action to remedy what the author perceives as the main issue.2.1 The Topic Map community has lost sight of its roots.Topic navigation maps, as the ISO standard calls them, were originally intended to model back-of-bookindexes. The main goal was to be able to interchange this information and provide a model whereindexes could also be merged and navigated in an intelligent manner. The originators had a relativelysimple goal in mind that seemed rather doable. Of course, there was also the secondary goal ofactually coming up with a widespread application of HyTime. However, now you hear many of thesame people bandying terms such as "global knowledge federation" around, while talking about thesame subject. How did the change in focus occur and why?Much of the topic map community has been caught up in the "knowledge management" hype thatgrips much of the industry right now. They seem to think that in order to gain any real acceptance,topic maps must be pushed into that space in any way possible. The author is just as guilty as anyoneon this account, but has heard on numerous occasions that one way for topic maps to gain tractionis to show success in its original space. After that time, by building on a successful topic navigationsystem to demonstrate real knowledge management in action, it would be much easier to get thedesired attention.One well-known, and seemingly successful application was the one done for the French encyclopedia,Quid (www.quid.fr). This application showed the simplicity of the model and how it could be appliedto a large set of information. This application was also very much based on the original view of topicmaps; an intelligent, navigable index.2.2 The success stories have either been few or invisible. The problems havebeen too easy to see.Early on at conferences there were presentations about how topic maps had been used in specificapplications. However, lately very little has been said. Is this due to the fact that topic maps are soubiquitous that individual projects no longer warrant attention? I think not. A review of the XMLCover Pages, and the web sites of the main topic map tool vendors yielded very little informationabout new, exciting topic map implementations. One has to assume that there are some, since thesecompanies continue to be in business. Why don't we hear more about the new cool things beingdone?Kal Ahmed presented a few successes in his talk at XML Europe in Barcelona [AHMED]. Hehighlighted the following:So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?•the United States Internal Revenue Service uses topic maps in its 2001 Tax ProductsCD-ROM;•Creuna and Ontopia collaborated to create an open source toolkit that allow topic mapinformation to be stored persistently in a Zope database, called OpenZTM;•South Africa's Council for Scientific and Industrial Research created a collaborative webapplication where all research and communication efforts could be aggregated;•Patrimoine and Mondeca manage financial information using topic maps in conjunctionwith a content management system and displayed to users through a portal;•Starbase Corporation, with the help of Ontopia, uses topic maps to integrate several disparateinformation systems into a single collabortive solution;•empolis has reengineered its content management product to use topic maps to managemost, if not all of the internal metadata within the system.As far as the author can tell, Kal had a role in only one of these efforts. Why is it that the topic mapvendors and consultants who did these projects haven't been showcasing them?Initially, topic navigation maps that were distributed at conferences such as this were a goodintroduction to the topic map model. However, in some cases, the response, was "Is this it?" In othercases, the topic maps that were auto-generated from the data provided by speakers containedinconsistent (or dirty) data. The major thing they showed is that dirty data makes dirty topic maps.Or perhaps, that bad data floats to the top where it is easy to see. In any case, they were not only notvery rich or useful, they were somewhat embarrassing.A classic example of the effects of dirty data can be found on the Infoloom site containing topicmaps from several past conferences (/gcaconfs/WEB/index.htm). If one looksin the author index for "Freese, Eric", an employment association is displayed with ISOGENInternational. However, when the company index is searched, several different variations on "ISOGENInternational" appear except for the one employing "Freese, Eric". When trying to explain the powerof topic map merging to a potential user, this can be problematic.2.3 There hasn't been a "killer app" for topic maps yet.RDF has Dublin Core, Open Directories, RSS and DAML+OIL to show that it has the potential forwidespread applicability. It is debatable whether these are "killer apps". However, they are widelyused and known applications of the RDF architecture. Unfortunately, the closest thing topic mapshas to any of these is NewsML. The problem with NewsML is that it doesn't even use topic maps aspublished in the ISO standard, but uses some structures that very vaguely resemble topic mapconstructs.2.4 Topic maps needs a good PR effort.The topic map community is showing all too well its roots in SGML. SGML was a valid concept,burdened with a reputation for being too hard. We all know that XML is merely SGML with betterPR behind it. Topic maps seem to be suffering the same fate as SGML -- a lack of good PR. Thesplashy XTM announcement was a good start, but any momentum has fizzled into nothingness. Iftopic maps are good for indexes, why doesn't the indexing community embrace it? If it's good forknowledge interchange, why don't we see topic maps featured at knowledge management conferencesother than those run by IDEAlliance?Another place where a good PR effort is really needed is when the debates (or fights, or wars) betweenthe members of the topic map community explode into public view. In many cases, this perceivedinstability has frightened many early adopters from using topic maps.So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?2.5 The topic map conceptual "package" is not complete.It has long been understood that the topic map model needs to be completed by the creation of somecompanion standards. These include a conceptual model, an application model a query language,and a constraint language. On more than one occasion, the author has been told by organizationsconsidering the use of topic maps that they are delaying adoption until the concept has been completelydefined in standards.Earlier this year, a decision was made to give standards development work back to ISO while OASISwent on with community building. While this separation of labor seems logical, it raises somequestions. For example, was created as a sort of "tiger team" to develop an XMLencoding scheme for topic maps more quickly than could be done in ISO or W3C. Overall, this wasa successful, and sometimes painful, experiment.More than 18 months have passed since the announcement of the XTM specification. Just thissummer, the XTM DTD was added to the ISO standard. Why have none of the anticipated companion specifications been delivered? Work has been done on them, but nothing has been completed. Thereason for the delay is the all too familiar problem of limited numbers of people with limited bandwidthdonating a great deal of time to the work of completing these standards. This is a prime opportunityfor a few more smart people to contribute in order to speed the progress in this area.The delay in developing and releasing companion standards has led to another common problem.Vendors are beginning to implement interim capabilities in order to fill the void. This creates theperception that interoperability of information has become secondary in importance. Even if theinterim solution is based on ongoing standards development, it can introduce a fear of proprietarysolutions into the community.2.6 The topic map/RDF convergence demanded at Extreme Markup Languages2000 has not been delivered.Extreme Markup Languages 2000 featured a matchup between representatives from the topic mapcommunity and the RDF community. The goal was to determine which model was the better model.At the end, the consensus was that the models were very similar. The closing keynote of thatconference called on both communities to end the confusion and determine how they should co-existand let the world know.To the knowledge of the author, this hasn't happened. Certainly there have been meetings anddiscussions, both formally and informally. At the Knowledge Technologies 2002 conference therewas an evening session that focussed on the beginning of what could become a RDF Schema fortopic maps. This appeared to be progress. However, at the same conference several papers talkedabout "RDF topic maps", but discussed vastly different things[RDF-TM2][RDF-TM1]. This led toeven more confusion.A great deal of confusion still exists concerning the differences and similarities between topic mapsand RDF. This confusion serves neither community. It is the belief of the author that there will notbe a unification of the models, as had been hoped early on. If this is, in fact, the case, then cleardefinitions of the key differences between the models and the selling points of each model shouldbe developed in order for prospective users to make informed decisions.2.7 Few, if any, tools exist to create topic maps from scratch.A common reaction from people introduced to topic maps is "Wow! That's cool!!" However, whenit comes time for them to try to use them, their response ranges from "What do we do with it?" to"How the heck do we get one?"Although at least 3 companies have announced topic map or topic map-based products, none of themhas currently announced an editor that enables users to create topic maps from scratch. The lack ofan easy-to-use development interface prevents many of the possible early adopters away fromSo why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?tinkering with topic maps. If such an interface existed, these early adopters could become some ofthe best champions for the possibilities of topic maps. Granted, this is not the most effective methodof topic map generation, but there needs to be a way to create even the most basic constructs in atopic map. However, hope is not lost. There are rumors that product announcements in this directionare forthcoming.Also curious is that none of the XML editor vendors have announced modules to support XTM orRDF authoring. Why is that? They apparently haven't been caught up in any groundswell of demandfor such tools.This isn't simply an issue of which came first: the chicken or the egg? Editing tools haven't beencreated due to a perceived lack of market. The market has hesitated to adopt topic maps due to a lackof tools. It is the simple fact that one of them has to come first. An editing tool needs to be availablein order to allow people to take advantage of the topic map management capabilities offeredcommercially.2.8 Does anyone really know how scope is supposed to work? If so, whyhaven't they told us?Steve Pepper raised this issue at Extreme Markup Languages 2001 [SCOPE]. It is an important issuethat has received very little consideration in public forums. Scope is one of the things that differentiatestopic maps and RDF. Even the RDF people acknowledge that they are missing something when theylook at scope. The problem is that there is not a consensus about what scope is supposed to be andhow it is supposed to work in an interchangeable fashion between topic map applications.Some people will espouse the theory that the scope functionality is best left up to the application.As a user I cringe every time I hear that statement because it tells me that the functionality is probablyunderspecified. It also tells me that the likelihood of proprietary implementations of a so-calledstandard are quite possible, maybe even likely. There are several notable "standards" that when leftup to implementations caused the creation of information that cannot be interchanged betweensystems, even though they are supposedly in compliance with the same standard. Doesn't this defeatthe purpose of the standard in the first place?2.9 The ability to embed XTM syntax is limited.One of the most powerful things about RDF is that it can be embedded inside other documents, evenat a small scale. The decision by the XTM committee to make topic maps a standalone data set seemsto limit its applicability to merely interchange. Papers have been given with interesting possibilitiesfor mixing XTM and SVG, for example. The problem is that the XTM definition states that a topicmap within an SVG graphic must be an entire unit, rather than several smaller atomic units that canbe interspersed throughout, as is possible with RDF.2.10 The topic naming constraint is a bad idea.The topic naming constraint is a rule within the topic model which says that if two topics have thesame name in the same scope, they really represent the same topic and should therefore be merged.I have disliked this idea from the start. In SGML and XML, unique identification schemes exist toguarantee uniqueness of elements within a document. It's called an ID attribute. Why in God's namewould you place some sort of limitation on the content within an information set, especially in astandard that touts the ability to merge as one of its strengths? Anyone who has looked under "Smith"in a large city phone book knows that names are not unique. Why burden a topic map developer withtrying to develop some sort of bogus scope in order to prevent a merge from happening?The authors of XTM specification had the opportunity to rectify this situation and didn't. Publishedsubject indicators are available to provide a URI to uniquely identify the subject about which a topicspeaks. This makes infinitely more sense than using names.So why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?§3 ConclusionThis paper has probably done one or more of the following things:•Made you think topic maps are a load of bullIf so, please take another look, they really aren't. There is room for improvement, but theconcepts are essentially good ones.•Upset you to the point of rushing the stage or throwing rotten foodIf so, please harness that energy and refocus it in nonviolent pursuits that make it impossiblefor me to make these statements at future conferences.•Made you curious about some of these statementsPlease take the time to learn more and argue the points. That's what this conference is bestat.•Caused you to consider how you might be able to solve the issuesThere's always room in the community. Let's get to work.If it has done one or more of the above things, I've accomplished my purpose for writing this paper.Bibliography[AHMED] Topic Maps - A Practical Introduction With Case Studies, Kal Ahmed, XML Europe 2002, Barcelona, Spain./papers/xmle02/dx_xmle02/papers/03-05-01/03-05-01.html[RDF-TM1] DAML and RDF Topic Maps, Nikita Ogievetsky, Knowledge Technologies 2002, Seattle, Washington, USA. /kt2002[RDF-TM2] Strategies for Subject Navigation of Linked Web Sites Using RDF Topic Maps, Carol Jean Godby, Knowledge Technologies 2002, Seattle, Washington, USA.[SCOPE] Towards a General Theory of Scope, Steve Pepper and Geir Ove Gronmo, Extreme Markup Languages 2001, Montreal, Canada./topicmaps/materials/scope.htmSo why aren't Topic Maps ruling the world?The AuthorEric FreeseElectronic Data Foundry1722 Elm StreetWhite Bear LakeMinnesotaUSA55110efreese@tel: 651 748 5945Eric Freese has 15 years of experience in the areas of document, information, and knowledgemanagement with specific expertise in the development and implementation of XML technologies.His experience includes research, analysis, specification, design, development, testing, implementation,integration and management of information systems in a wide range of environments. He hassignificant research experience in human interface design, graphics interface development andartificial intelligence. Freese is a founding member of , the organization that developedthe XTM specification, and currently serves as the chairman of this group. He is also the chiefarchitect and developer of SemanText, an open source application that uses topic maps to harvestand manage knowledge.Extreme Markup Languages 2002Montréal, Québec, August 6-9, 2002This paper was formatted from XML source via XSLMulberry Technologies, Inc., August 2002。
对曼德拉的评价英文版整理
对曼德拉的评价英文版整理名人的（故事）伴随着我们成长。
但是（自我评价）要怎么写呢?下面是我为大家带来对曼德拉的评价英文版，信任对你会有关心的。
对曼德拉的评价英文版篇一South African spiritual leader of human rights Mandela.He was really gone, but left freedom and equality for mankind.He taught us to forget hatred and open the process of national reconciliation.Mandela, forever, is the world of Mandela.He no longer belongs to us, he belongs to all ages. - ObamaNelson Raleigh Hera Hella Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, in Transkay, South Africa, has won the University of South Africa Bachelor of Arts and Witwatersrand University Bar. He was the national secretary and chairman of the ANU Youth League. From 1994 to 1999 the South African president, is the first black president, is known as the father of South Africa.Prior to his presidency, Mandela was an active anti-apartheid and a leader of the National Spear of the Armed Forces of the African National Congress. When he led the anti-apartheid movement, the South African court convicted him of conspiracy to overthrow the government and other charges. According to the verdict, Mandela served a prison sentence for 27 years. After being released from prison in 1990, he moved to supportmediation and consultation and to lead South Africa in the transitional period of promoting multi-ethnic democracy. Since the end of the apartheid regime, Mandela has been praised from all walks of life, including former opponents.Mandela has won more than 100 awards in 40 years, most notably the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. In 2023, it was chosen as the greatest South African. December 6, 2023, Mandela died in Johannesburg residence at the age of 95 years. South Africa held a state funeral for Mandela, the national flag.Mandelas grandfather was king, his father was a tribal leader, but he himself has become a revolutionary. In order to overthrow the white racist rule of South Africa, Mandela undertook an arduous struggle for as long as 50 years (1944-1994) for 28 years (1962-1990). Eventually, from the prisoners jumped into South Africas first black president, for the new South Africa to create a democratic and unified situation. Lifetime Honorary President of South Africa. Because the face often with a smile, the South African people called smile ambassador. Nelson Mandela was one of the most dazzling pacifists of Africa in the 1990s and the world. The ANC he led played an extremely important role in ending racism in South Africa. The birth of the new South Africa in April 1994 marked the successful completion of the political liberation task of the African continent against imperialism, colonialism and against apartheid. Was elected to the history of South Africas first black president, enjoy a high reputation, known as the global president. Even in prison, Mandela has repeatedly become the focus of the world, his appeal and influence throughout the world, the worlds 53 countries, 2000 mayor Mandelas release and signature petitions; 78 members of the British published Joint statement, more than 50 mayors in London dress parade, asked the British Prime Minister to exert pressure on South Africa, to restore Mandelafreedom.Mandela is a sign that he represents the political transformation that the South African people have traded at the cost of their lives. For this country, he played the role of father of the nation. Glory days is Hong Kong rock singer Huang Jiaju for South African black human rights spiritual leader Mandela a carol of freedom. Bell sounded the signal home in his life as if a little bit of black skin to his sense of meaning is a lifetime of sacrifice color fight in the yearsHave changed to do tired eyes with hope only residual body today to meet the glorious years in the wind and rain in the hold free life after a struggling self-confidence can change the future to ask who can do it regardless of the color of the boundaries of this land regardless of You and I show the beauty of high and low color is because it does not separate each color.For the factional group with radical ideas within the non-Congress Party, Mandela actively worked to clarify that the one man, one vote system should not, and could not, mean immediate black majority rule under the current balance of power. The radical Pan-African National Congress, which splits from the ANC, is working in multiple ways, exchanging views, coordinating positions and striving for its participation in political negotiations. The ANC made a major adjustment to the negotiating strategy through the discussion of the National Working Committee of the Policy-Making Organs. The strategy of forcing the current regime to surrender by negotiation was adjusted to a strategy for a phased transition through negotiation. Nelson Mandela made a clear conclusion: even if the ANC won the election, but also with the election losers to share power. He told a group of radical blacks that it was not time to get whites into the sea, but to throw your weapons into the sea.Mandelas generosity is also reflected in his always abide by aphilosophy: 1993 is a Mandela raised the age of voting from 18 to 14 years of age conception, but it attracted a lot of criticism, so He gave up the idea that it would not work. In 1999, after the expiration of his presidency in South Africa, he might be able to learn from other African leaders and call himself a lifelong president, but he decided to respect democratic mechanisms and never be in love with the power of the throne, but left South Africa with precious assets. .Mandela said that the demise of apartheid is not the final step of the journey, but to embark on a more long and rugged road, because freedom is not just out of chains, but to respect and promote the freedom of others to live.Mandela to human society left many good things, this sentence, I hope this land, regardless of the level of you and me, the slogan is through his fight, was able to be more acceptable, and even by some Vested interests to accept. Is such a person, so that the rules of the world cold, shining from the glory of human nature. Remind us, look at the world, in addition to hard angle, can also have another side. Yes, not required.The reason why people are, is the pursuit, longing for good things, even at the expense of their own interests. Mandelas life merits, left to future generations comment. But ask yourself what Mandela has done in his life, a firm pursuit of ideals, and ask who can do it? Mandelas greatness is that he is a determined fighter, and always confident to change the future. In his body, the power of human nature than any other. His pursuit, also won the universal recognition of human society, whether black or white.It is such a persons existence, the world is worthy of our nostalgia.Those history, it is worth to move us. The controversy over Mandela will not end, he wrong place, to reflect on, the right place to commemorate. He has a variety of problems, we are now commemorating Mandela, is to commemorate his spirit.He is right and wrong, but this does not prevent his great, everyone from his life to get different things. Mandela left us with great spiritual wealth for a long period of time in the future social construction has a very positive significance. Mourning Mandela, pay tribute to the great hero!对曼德拉的评价英文版篇二Mandela is a totem-style figure, and Martin Luther King, with extraordinary personal charm, with a firm political ideals. As a politician, there is no ideal not, but the ideal is not enough light. He is a good leader, but not a good leader.Mandela as South Africas father and saint, and not eager to the presidency, he must be a president, this is a sign, but also very fun notre-elected. Since 1999, South Africa has entered the post-Mandela era, many countries around the world, have also experienced a similar period.Countries have experienced their own transition period, and may even lead to civil war, these are the strong historical assets of the negative process of liquidation. As with Mandela, reverse discrimination is one of them. No one is perfect, we have no reason to ask Mandela is a perfect person.There is still a long way to go to achieve true racial reconciliation.Mandelas contribution is to portray the right outlook for South Africas future, point out a clear direction, and gain broad politicalacceptance. In this way, despite the various problems now facing South African politics, it can still be expected that the buffer period after the current situation in South Africa will be improved.In international politics, although the reality is always ruthless, we still have no reason to abandon the yearning for the good things of equality, freedom and peace. It is too early for a new country, unstable and only twenty years old, to come to a conclusion. The general social problems of black administration, including the prevailing conditions in Africa, war, AIDS,Economic backwardness, the future will not be improved, whether out of this vicious circle, I do not know. But I believe that this is because the economy, the reasons behind education, but not because of race.Desire civilized happiness, you have to suffer the pain of civilization, this is for the future happiness. In fact, some time, I will feel racism is an unsolvable problem, but often see there are a lot of people in this effort, put away the idea. Mandela has left many beautiful things for human society. The slogan Let the land be high or low, regardless of you and me is the result of his struggle for more people to accept it. Vested interests to accept. Is such a person, so that the rules of the world cold, shining from the glory of human nature.The reason why people are, is the pursuit, longing for good things, even at the expense of their own interests. Mandelas life merits, left to future generations comment. But ask yourself what Mandela has done in his life, a firm pursuit of ideals, and ask who can do it? Mandelas greatness is that he is a determined fighter, and always confident to change the future. In his body, the power of human nature than any other. His pursuit, also won the universal recognition of human society, whetherblack or white.It is such a persons existence, the world is worthy of our nostalgia. Those history, it is worth to move us. The controversy over Mandela will not end, he wrong place, to reflect on, the right place to commemorate. He has a variety of problems, we are now commemorating Mandela, is to commemorate his spirit.对曼德拉的评价英文版篇三Nelson Mandel is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in a fully representative democratic election, who held office from 1994–1999. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist. The South African courtsconvicted him on charges of sabotage, as well as other crimes committed while he led the movement against apartheid. In accordance with his conviction, Mandela served 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island.Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990, Mandela supportedreconciliation and negotiation, and helped lead the transition towards multi-racial democracy in South Africa. Since the end of apartheid, many have frequently praised Mandela, including former opponents. Mandela has received more than one hundred awards over four decades, most notably the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. He waschosen as the present of South Africa in 1994.This speech was his inaugural address speech.The night of South Africa lasted too long. Since the 17th century, western colonizers and their descendants to take possession of this beautiful and fertile land lawfully vigorously implemented the apartheid system. Especially after the fifties in this century, white regime put the use of penalties and punishments to the top of the system. Meanwhile, the white dictator’s perverse acts were resisted by the majority of black, scorned and imposed long-term sanctions by the international community as well. The abused blacks fought for freedom and national equality for three centuries, and finally gained the power of multi-racial elections in a peaceful way. On May 10th, 1994, the famous black movement leader Nelson Mandela was sworn as President of the new democratic South Africa.In this remarkable historical moment, Mandela, standing at the microphone, published his stirring human hearts inaugural address.The speech successfully set a emotional tone with mingled happiness and sadness. At that time, for one hand, the miserable blacks were full of excitement, with their broken hearts; for another hand, the whites who had conscious repented their unhappy past, though the stubborn whites left. Long-term isolation having become the past,South Africa restored dignity, but racial barriers and the same racial discriminations cannot be immediately eliminated. Feelings of South Africa’ people were extremely complex. The whole world contemplating it was also surprise and excited. As the first president in the new South Africa, who has lived in prison for 27 years and struggled for the whole life, Mandela filled with emotions. Facing this audience, the speaker was neither condemning past nor praising peace. It was sad without angry and happy without crazy. What’s more, the mingled feelings caused thebroadest vibe.The speaker focused on national reconciliation, unity and reconstruction, dealing with misfortunes intellectually, doing away with ultra words. The grief and resentment stayed in audience’s heart for a long time, but words are very quiet and nice, which let us have a lingering aftertaste. Mandela used “us” to contain different races, and omitted the contradictory procedure but stressed the results, being cautious and politely telling the desire of reconciliation, which of course pleasant and acceptable. Today, South Africa has become a wealthy and powerful country. With the coming of the 2023 World Cup, she will become better and better!对曼德拉的评价英文版文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
英语作文-莫桑比克广播电视接收设备制造业：非洲市场的新兴力量
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South Africa ends mediation role in Ivory Coast
Nico Colombant Listen to this story
South Africa says it is abandoning mediation efforts in divided Ivory Coast after renewed delays in implementing a peace deal and calls to postpone elections. Warring sides now fear a peaceful solution will be impossible.
Across the continent in Pretoria, the South African deputy foreign minister, Aziz Pahad, said his country was concluding its mediation efforts and would hand over these duties to the African Union and the United Nations.
He said northern Ivorian rebels and the opposition were refusing to honor their side of the deal, even though Ivory Coast President Laurent Gbagbo had agreed to what he called South African formulations.
Mr. Pahad called the obstacles legalistic gymnastics. The Security Council w ill discuss the situation Wednesday in New York, where Ivorian warring parties face the threat of sanctions for being unable to implement a peace deal, first mediated in early 2003 in France.
Rebels and the opposition say Mr. Gbagbo is failing to abide by the accords, by changing agreements enough so they become meaningless and by not allowing free and fair elections on October 30, as scheduled.
They have called for Mr. Gbagbo's removal and the establishment of a transitional government.
A rebel supporter, Timithee Ali Baba, says rebels are refusing to disarm , because he says under Mr. Gbagbo's conditions, very few northerners would be able to vote.
"They do not have their identity cards, they cannot vote. We know that some materials have been destroyed and we do not have the specific statistics about the different people which may vote. It is impossible in this situation, it is clearly impossible to organize elections even if the international community wants it."
An opposition spokesman told VOA it is clear this was the failure of yet another mediation effort, after previous attempts by the former colonial power France as well as numerous West African countries collapsed.
Meanwhile, a staunch supporter of President Gbagbo, Charles Ble Goude, the leader of the
so-called Young Patriots, said he felt vindicated. Both the opposition spokesman and Mr. Ble Goude refused to be recorded, saying the information was so important, they needed more time to make
full statements.
Other officials from the two warring sides, speaking anonymously, said they feared hostilities could resume, even with the presence of about 10,000 U.N and French peacekeepers.
Ivory Coast, the world's leading cocoa producer, has been torn by growing ethnic divisions in many parts of the country, since the start of the rapid insurgency nearly three years ago, raising fears of large-scale violence.
Vocabulary:
mediation: negotiation to resolve differences conducted by some impartial party（仲裁，调解）
disarm : take away the w eapons from; render harmless（解除武装）
staunch : fir m and dependable especially in loyalty（坚定的）。