西安交通大学人体解剖学2011年考博真题试卷
2011年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题及详解[部分视频讲解]Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question aboutwhat is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear thequestion, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D, Choosethe best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Now let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. The man is busyB. The man has trouble breathing.C. The man is out of town on business.D. The man is hiding himself from the woman.【答案】A【解析】录音中男士提到最近在做一个项目，甚至连呼吸的时间也没有，可见他最近很忙。
医学博士考试01-06试题 加详解
2000FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）PAPER TWO31.A 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.C 44.D 45.B46.D 47.C 48.B 49.A 50.C51.C 52.B 53.D 54.A55.C 56.D 57.D 58.C59.C 60.C 61.D 62.D63.A 64.B 65.D 66.D67.C 68.B 69.C 70.A71.C 72.C 73.C 74.D 75.D2001FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）PAPER ONE1.A2.C3.D4.B5.A6.A7.C8.A9.D 10.C 11. PAPER TWO1.C2.C3.A4.B5.C6.D7.B8.D9.C 10.D 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.D 20.D 21.D 22.C 23.A 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.A31.C 32.A 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.B46.C 47.D 48.B 49.D 50.A51.C 52.A 53.A 54.D55.D 56.C 57.A 58.A59.C 60.C 61.D 62.A63.B 64.D 65.D 66.C67.A 68.A 69.D 70.D71.C 72.A 73.C 74.D 75.A2002FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）1.B2.C3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.C9.B 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.B16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.D 22.D 23.C 24.C 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.B31.B 32.C 33.A 34.C 35.D 36.C 37.C 38.C 39.D40.D41.B 42.D 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.B 49.A50.B51.B 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.C 56.C 57.C 58.C 59.A60.A61.A 62.D 63.D 64.B 65.A 66.D 67.D 68.A 69.C70.C71.B 72.A 73.A 74.A 75.A 76.B 77.C 78.B 79.C80.D81.C 82.B 83.D 84.D 85.D 86.A 87.B 88.C 89.A 90.D2003FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.A16.C 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.D 23.D 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.D31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.A 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.A 41.A 42.C 43.C 44.D 45.D 46.B 47.D 48.D 49.C 50.A51.B 52.A 53.C 54.A 55.C 56.B 57.A 58.C 59.B60.A61.C 62.B 63.C 64.B 65.C 66.C 67.B 68.D 69.A70.B71.D 72.A 73.D 74.C 75.D 76.B 77.D 78.C 79.C80.A81.A 82.A 83.D 84.C 85.B 86.B 87.C 88.A 89.D 90.B2004年全国医学考博英语试题答案（仅供参考）1.A2.B3.C4.C5.C6.B7.D8.A9.D 10.D11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.A21.A 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.C31.B 32.A 33.D 34.A 35.B 36.B 37.A 38.B 39.C 40.B41.A 42.C 43.B 44.D 45.C 46.D 47.C 48.A 49.D 50.A51.A 52.B 53.D 54.A 55.B 56.C 57.A 58.A 59.B 60.C61.D 62.C 63.B 64.D 65.C 66.D 67.D 68.C 69.D 70.B71.B 72.D 73.B 74.C 75.B 76.B 77.A 78.D 79.A 80.B81.B 82.D 83.C 84.C 85.A 86.B 87.D 88.A 89.A 90.D2005年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答案1-5CACDA6-10CDBCB11-15CADBA16-20DDBCB21-25ABCBD26-30CCDAD31-35CABAA36-40CADAD41-45BACBA46-50ABDCC51-55BACBA56-60ACBCB61-65BCBBC66-70BDABC71-75CACBB76-80CACBB81-85CBACD86-90ADBCC2006年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答案31-40 CDCCB BCBDA41-50 ACACA ACDDB51-60 BCACA AADBC61-70 DDDDA ACABD71-80ACCCC BCAAD81-90DBDBD DDBBC2001part III vocabulary(15%)1.we are all overwhelmed with more facts and information than we can possibly____A.feedB.maintainC.absorbD.consume2.pleasure,or joy, is vital to ____health. vital.生死攸关的, 重大的, 生命的, 生机的, 至关重要的, 所必需的A.optimistic pessimistic悲观的B.optional可选择的, 随意的C.optimal最佳的, 最理想的near optimal近似最佳D.operational3.A ____ effort is required to achieve health.mitted 承担义务的；忠于既定立场的；坚定的B.restrictedposed镇静的, 沉着的D.sophisticated诡辩的, 久经世故的4.A person’s belief ____ and colors his experience.A.contradicts vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触contradict a statement驳斥一项声明contradict oneself自相矛盾B.shapes shape the destiny of决定...的命运C.summarizes概述, 总结, 摘要而言D.exchanges交换, 调换, 兑换, 交流, 交易.exchange experience 交流经验5.Many professors encourage students to question and ____ their idearsA.convey vt.搬运, 传达, 转让I can't convey my feelings in words.我的情感难以言表。
西安交通大学考试题
西安交通大学考试题成绩课程组织学与胚胎学系别临床医学、法医05〔5〕考试日期2007年1月22 日专业班号姓名学号期中期末√一、单项选择题〔每题1分，共25分〕1．光镜下所见的纤毛，在电镜下其结构是( )A. 绒毛B. 微绒毛C. 纹状缘外包质膜，内含纵行微丝外包质膜，内有许多纵向排列的微管2．成纤维细胞的特点不包括( )A. 细胞扁平多突起，呈星形B. 核大，色浅C. 胞质弱嗜碱性D. 质内含大量溶酶体E. 可产生纤维和基质3．下述哪一点不是破骨细胞的特点？( )A. 由多个单核细胞融合而成B. 有多个细胞核可释放乳酸及多种蛋白酶有溶解和吸收骨基质的作用C.可转变为骨细胞4. 电镜下能看出周期性横纹的是〔〕A.弹性纤维B.神经纤维 C.神经原纤维D .胶原原纤维E.平滑肌纤维5.关于红细胞的描述那项错误？()A .双凹圆盘状，无细胞核B.保质中含大量血红蛋白C .细胞器主要有大量线粒体 D.胞膜上有血型抗原未完全成熟的红细胞称为网织红细胞有关神经元的描述哪一项不正确？()胞体上连有许多突起B.突起可分为轴突和树突细胞核大，着色浅，核仁清楚胞体与突起内都有神经元纤维胞体与突起内都可找见尼氏体有关有孔毛细血管的描述哪项不正确？()A. 内皮不含核处很薄B. 基板连续内皮细胞中含吞饮小泡少D. 常见于肝、脾等处E. 周围可见周细胞8. 表皮描述那项不正确？( )由角化的复层扁平上皮组成D.全身各处薄厚不一C.有两类细胞组成细胞间有大量的紧密连接E.基底层仅由一层矮柱状细胞组成9. 关于脾窦描述哪项不正确？( )A. 位于脾索之间B. 属于有孔毛细血管C. 通透性较大血窦外侧有较多巨噬细胞内皮细胞呈长杆状甲状腺素的储存形式是()甲状腺球蛋白前体B.甲状腺球蛋白C. 碘化甲状腺球蛋白D. 酪氨酸T3与T4〔三碘甲状腺原氨酸与四碘甲状腺原氨酸〕11. 脑垂体远侧部嗜酸性细胞分泌( )A. 催乳素B. 催产素C. 抗利尿激素D. 考的松E. 醛固酮12. 胃底腺壁细胞合成盐酸的部位是( )A. 微管泡系统B. 细胞内分泌小管C. 粗面内质网D. 滑面内质网E. 高尔基复合体胰腺腺泡中的泡心细胞是〔〕A. 胰岛细胞B. 浆液性腺泡细胞C. 闰管上皮细胞D. 粘液性腺泡细胞E. 纹状管上皮细胞14. 肺泡外表活性物质哪项描述不正确？〔〕A. 由Ⅰ型肺泡细胞产生B. 主要成分是卵磷脂类C.在肺泡上皮外表形成膜状物可降低肺泡外表张力对稳定肺泡直径起重要作用15.在肝小叶内不能发现下述哪种结构？〔〕A. 肝细胞索C. 中央静脉B.肝血窦D. 贮脂细胞 E. 小叶间胆管16. 原尿流经近端小管后，其中大局部营养物质进入〔〕A. 远端小管直部B. 细段C. 球后毛细血管17. D. 髄袢 E. 远曲小管近曲小管上皮细胞的结构特点是〔〕A. 腔面有刷状缘C. 基底部嗜碱性B. 为高柱状细胞D. 细胞境界清楚 E. 胞质清明18. 以下哪种细胞在睾丸切片上不易见到？〔〕西安交通大学考试题A. 精原细胞B. 次级精母细胞C. 精子D. 支持细胞E. 间质细胞透明带是〔〕卵泡细胞的分泌产物卵母细胞的分泌产物卵母细胞与卵泡细胞的共同分泌产物由卵泡膜分泌以上均不对排卵时卵巢排出的是〔〕整个成熟卵泡B.次级卵母细胞初级卵母细胞、透明带、放射冠及卵泡液次级卵母细胞、透明带、放射冠及卵泡液成熟的卵细胞、透明带、放射冠及卵泡液21.神经板是由下述哪种结构诱导产生的？〔〕A. 原条B. 脊索C. 原结D. 体节E. 间介中胚层22.泌尿生殖系统发生的原基是〔〕A. 胚外中胚层C. 体节B. 间介中胚层D. 侧中胚层 E. 轴旁中胚层23.形成胎盘胎儿局部的结构是〔〕A. 基蜕膜B. 平滑绒毛膜C. 丛密绒毛膜D. 包蜕膜E. 壁蜕膜24．胚泡的组成是( )滋养层、内细胞群、胚外体腔滋养层、内细胞群、胚泡腔胚盘、内细胞群、胚泡腔绒毛膜、内细胞群、胚泡腔滋养层、内细胞群、羊膜腔25．唇裂是由于〔〕上颌突与同侧的外侧鼻突未愈合上颌突与同侧的内侧鼻突未愈合下颌突与同侧的内侧鼻突未愈合上颌突与同侧的正中腭突未愈合A.上颌突与同侧的外侧腭突未愈合二、多项选择题〔每题1分，共10分〕26.对于被覆上皮的描述以下哪些是错误的？〔〕A.呈薄膜状B.血管丰富 C.只分布在体表D .一般染色较深E.有极性27.EM下可见丰富的粗面内质网和兴旺的高尔基复合体的细胞是〔〕A.肥大细胞B.巨噬细胞 C.浆细胞D.成骨细胞E.成纤维细胞2 8.骨与软骨的相似点有〔〕A.胞体位于陷窝内B.突起位于骨小管内C.基质含有纤维D.无血管E.基质中有钙盐沉积2 9.血液中具有特殊颗粒的细胞有() A.红细胞B.淋巴细胞 C.中性粒细胞D .嗜酸性粒细胞E.嗜碱性粒细胞3 0.光镜下HE染色的坐骨神经横断面看不到〔) A.轴突B.髓鞘.神经原纤维D. 尼氏体E. 神经膜细胞的细胞核31. 属于单核吞噬细胞系统的有〔〕A. Kupffer 细胞B. 中性粒细胞C. 网状细胞D.尘细胞E.破骨细胞3 2.缺乏可造成个子矮小的激素是〔〕A.降钙素B.甲状腺激素 C.生长激素D.促肾上腺皮质激素E.加压素3 3.食管与胃的共同结构包括〔〕A.都具有四层结构B.都具有腺体C.上皮均为单层柱状D.都具有皱襞肌层均由平滑肌构成3 4.外胚层分化为〔〕A.肌组织B.中枢神经系统C.周围神经系统D.表皮E.真皮35.胚盘〔〕A .来自内细胞群B.来自滋养层先后有两个和三个胚层构成周围与羊膜和卵黄囊连接C.由于个局部的生长速度不同而发生卷折西安交通大学考试题三、B型题说明：答案在前，试题在后，请在备选答案中选一个最适宜的，将其号码填入题后括号内。
西安交通大学生物化学与分子生物学2008,2012--2018年考博真题
西安交通大学
2008年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：生物化学与分子生物化学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一．单选题（1分x20）
二．不定项选择题（1分x10）
三．名词解释（3分x10）
1. one-carbon unit
2. 内含子
3. 选择性剪接
4. G蛋白
5. 糖酵解
6. 遗传密码
7. 核酸分子杂交
8. 反义RNA
9. 端粒酶
10.
四．简述题（40分）
1. 蛋白质分离、纯化的方法？
2. 试述原核生物复制中的酶及各自的功能？
3. 原核生物基因和真核生物基因表达过程各自的特点？
1. 4. 试述在细胞水平研究基因功能的方法有哪些？
第1页共1页。
2011年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题及详解Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question aboutwhat is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear thequestion, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D, Choosethe best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.Now let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. The man is busy.B. The man has trouble breathing.C. The man is out of town on business.D. The man is hiding himself from the woman.【答案】A【解析】录音中男士回答道，“最近在做一个项目，甚至连呼吸的时间也没有”，可见他最近很忙。
【录音原文】W: I don’t see much of you these days, where have you been?M: I am working on a big project. I don’t even have time to breathe.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?2. A. He has a terrible backache.B. He has a bad headache.C. He has a toothache.D. He has a diarrhea.【答案】A【解析】录音最后一句“My back is killing me”表明男士是背痛才来看医生。
西安交通大学外科学2012年考博真题试卷
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
西安交通大学
2012年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、名词解释（均为英文）
围手术期；等渗性缺水；肠外营养；ARDS；疖；难复性疝；原发性腹膜炎；肠间脓肿；HP；STRING SIGN
4.原发性肝癌治疗
二、简答题
1.无菌术内容及目的
2.高钾血症临床表现
3.休克DIC期诊断
4.急性肾功衰病因
5.无张力山修补术术式有哪些
6.原发性腹膜炎感染途径
7.胰腺损伤的处理原则
8.毕2式吻合的优缺点
三、论述题
1.破伤风定义，临床表现，预防及治疗
2.急性肝功衰的临床表现及治疗
3.肠梗阻的病因分类，临床表现，诊断及治疗
2011年医学博士英语真题听力原稿
2011医学博士听力原稿医学博士听力原稿Part I. Listening Comprehension Section A 1.A: I don’t see much of you these days, where have you been? ’t even have time to breathe. B: I am working on a big project. I donQ: what can we learn from the conversation? 2.A: what time would your doctor be in today? B: He is here after 2:30. Do you need to see him today? A: Yes my back is killing me? Q: What’s the man’s problem? 3.Can that clock be right, 10:30? ’s 11:05 That clock is always off. ItWhat is true about the clock? 4.Well, Mr. Black, What brought you along today? I’ve got a pain in my stomach. How long have it been bothering you? A fortnight How long has the man’s stomach ache? 5.You come from S? Yes. I lived in England for 23 years. Are you married to an English man? I was, but we were divorced 15 years ago. Well, tell me about your trouble. Two hours after eating, I get pain, and then I feel it. What would the man do? 6.I am usually on the job Monday, Tuesday and Friday from 1 to 5 P.M. and Wednesday from 3 to 6 P.M. Do you work on weekends too? Yes, but only in the morning. What day is the man off duty? ’s called stethocope. It 7.Now Daddy I’m wearing this on your chest. It’ll warm it up. Feel the end, OK? First of all I’ll might be a little cold, Ilisten to your front and then your back. She has gone that a lot of times How many people have been involved in the situation? 8.What happened? I was in a fight and got my head hurt. Were your knocked out? No. ’ll need some I want you to go for an X-ray. And come back to me. Youstitches for that wound. What is the doctor going to do for the man? 9.Here, you two guy, you are fucking shot again. It It’’s not very entertaining or wise? Yes, thanks for advising us. It ’s time to enjoy life. What might the men do accordingly? 10. T aking a long view, I ’m leaving the company. Why? I often have to overwork which will do harm to my health. But the job market is very tight, you know. What does the woman mean? 11. W hat hat’’s the most likely diagnosis in this case? Most probably ------(一种病) What What’’s against that dianosis? Well, the infected hasn ’t had any change in the ---habit or lost weight. What are they doing now? 12. I heard all the time that John is dating several girls. But it ’s not true, he has explained everything to me. Do your really believe what he said? Yeah, I believe in our feelings for each other? Who is John? 13. L isa isa says says says that that that the the the job job job takes takes takes the the the back back back seat seat seat to to to the the the family family family after after after she she she is is married. She must be a good wife. This is noly what she says not what she does. What does the woman mean? 14. G ood morning. Would you like the private hotspring room today? For three people, it would be 250 Yuan per hour Are there any discounts? Yes, It is 50 Yuan cheaper for each additional hour. Then We ’ll have two hours. How much will the man pay? 15. Y ou are not thinking of getting back together with him, are you? Would he dream of it? What does the woman mean? Section B Dialogue A lot of doctors can tell what ’s wrong with you by sleeping, so can you er--- by smelling? Oh, Oh, absolutely. absolutely. absolutely. This This This actually actually actually goes goes goes back back back to to to the the the day day day of----. of----. of----. For For For example, example, you can walk into a room or get close to a patient who had diabetes that is not well controlled. There is a kind of sweetish smell. So So you you you mean mean mean often often often you you you can can can walk walk walk into into into a a a room room room and and and tell tell tell if if if a a a patient patient patient has has kidney failure or liver failure? Precisely. And now there is a machine that can do that too. Fascinating. Actually, there have been these machines in the past, but they meant just enormous. Are they used in therapy? They er---. These machines are imposible to use clinically, because, you know, know, it it it a a a whole whole whole room room room for for for the the the equipments----, equipments----, equipments----, but but but the the the newly-invented newly-invented ones are very small and ---. And then what do the new ones use? New laser technology. Is it now available given the size of the machine? It couldn ’t be better. Unlike the previous, this is the size of microwave. And I think it isn ’t far-off, right. Well, it ’s very much in the experimental stage. But interesting. However, unlike any of these things which are produced by commercial company, This work is being done be the federal government. Passage 1 Suicide Suicide is is is a a a very very very real real real risk risk risk for for for young young young people people people who who who suffer suffer suffer from from from clinical clinical depression. In fact during the past two years suicide has increased among youths between the ages of 10 and 19, but there aren ’t treatment that can help. Research show that the most effective treatment is the combination of anti-depression and talk therapy. Anti-depressants work by increasing--- chemcal --- which facilitate communications between neurons neurons in the in the brain. brain. ““Anti-depressants Anti-depressants are are are the the the most most most effective treatment effective treatment for most adults. But when it comes to teenagers, It ’s not enough.” Says doctor R, a psychiatrist with---- university medical center. 13 age years are full of turmoil, emotions and changes. And there are family conflicts and conflicts with relationship that can contribute to distress in adolescents adolescents””, S says. And anti-depressant medications may not be able to deal deal with with with all all all of of of those those those problems. problems. problems. ““Psycho Psycho therapy, therapy, therapy, specifically specifically specifically problem- problem- behavioral therapy need to----,” S says. In his recent major study, with the therapy therapy in in in use use use along along along with with with anti-depressants., anti-depressants., anti-depressants., 75% 75% 75% of of of kids kids kids are are are reported reported feeling feeling better better better and and and less less less suicidal suicidal suicidal after after after 3 3 3 month month month probably probably probably because because because the the problem-behavioral therapy tackle thinking and feeling in a very particular way that medicines may not. And in particalar suicidal case.” Say doctor F, a psychiatrist with---medical college. Passage 2 “Most people think when they are depressed, it just means you feel sad ”, says Doctor R, a psychiatrist with Cornell university medical college. In fact, fact, the the the so-call so-call so-call commonest commonest commonest symptoms symptoms symptoms of of of deppression deppression deppression are are are probably probably probably the the most painful for a lot of people which are a feeling that you are useless, wothless, wothless, unloveable, unloveable, unloveable, no no good or loser. loser. A A commonest symptom and and a a most extreme symptom, of course, is a suicidal feeling where you feel so hopeless that you don ’y believe anything will get better and you are better off. C therapy challenges that kind of thinking. For example, say, you are a a depressed depressed depressed teen, teen, teen, someone someone someone at at at school school school says says says something something something credible, credible, credible, typically typically that might lead you to think you are a completely loser. F says C theray help help patients patients patients see see see all all all the the time time they they they have have have been been been successful, successful, successful, both both both at at at school school and with friends. It is completely the opposite of how you feel. So you challenge challenge them them them with with with reality. reality. reality. And And And then then then you you you correct correct correct their their their disfunctional disfunctional release and that will actually change the way they feel, F says. It ’s a sort of personal reality check that will connect experiece in context. Once the combination of medication and therapy work, patient may decide to stop taking anti-depressants. But they should do so with caution because they may experience side effect. They can get rebound kind of syptoms. It can grow grow things things things like like like feeling feeling feeling anxious, anxious, anxious, or or or having having having insomnia, insomnia, insomnia, very very very dizzy dizzy dizzy and and having Nausea. 。
2011交大专业课博士真题免疫+肾病
Toll样受体
自身免疫和自身免疫病
PAMP和PRR
CD28和CD40
免疫耐受
抗体亲和力成熟
ITAM和ITIM
AICD
IFN-γ和IFN-γ受体结合以后细胞激活的信号传导途径。
病毒感染以后机体的固有免疫和适应性免疫机制，病毒逃逸免疫识别的机制？抗独特型抗体作为肿瘤疫苗的原理和应用。
自身调节性T细胞的来源特征以及应用。
同种自体移植排斥反应识别和效应机制。
TMA
肾小管酸中毒
KDIGO对于CKD-MBD的定义
Fabry病
影响血液透析效能的因素
CKD的GFR评估方式的优缺点
LN的肾小球基本病理病变和分型
急进型肾小球肾炎的免疫病理分型。
Gilteman和Bartter综合征发病机制的异同点。