2018年高三最新 广东省广州东莞五校2018届高三第一次联考(文数) 精品

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2018年高三最新 高考复习广东省高三年级五校联考数学

2018年高三最新 高考复习广东省高三年级五校联考数学

广东省2018届高三年级五校联考数学试卷考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共50分)一 选择题(每小题5分,共10小题,共50分) 把答案涂在答题卡上1.设x ,R y ∈,则0xy >是||||||y x y x +=+成立的 ( ) A .充分条件,但不是必要条件; B .必要条件,但不是充分条件; C .充分且必要条件; D .既不充分又不必要条件2.已知)2,1(=a ,)1,(x b =,且2+与-2平行,则=x ( ) A .1; B .2; C .21; D 33.函数)4sin()4sin()(x x x f -+=ππ是 ( )A .周期为π2的奇函数;B .周期为π2的偶函数;C .周期为π的奇函数;D .周期为π的偶函数4.已知y x y x y x lg lg 2lg )2lg()lg(++=++-,则xy= ( ) A .―1; B .2; C .21; D .―1或2 5.若}{n a 是各项为正的等比数列,且公比1≠q ,则)(41a a +与)(32a a +的大小关系是 ( ) A .3241a a a a +>+; B .3241a a a a +<+; C .3241a a a a +=+; D .不确定6.设全集U 是实数集R ,}4|{2>=x x M ,}112|{≥-=x x N ,则图中阴影部分所表示的集合是 ( ) A .}12|{<≤-x x ; B .}22|{≤≤-x x ; C .}21|{≤<x x ; D .2|{<x x7.若21cos sin 1cos sin 1=-+++θθθθ,则θcos 的值等于 ( )A .53;B .53-;C .54;D .54-8.若}{n a 是等差数列,n S 是其前n 项和,083>+a a ,09<S ,则1S ,2S ,3S ,…,n S 中最小的是 ( )A .4S ;B .5S ;C .6S ;D .S9.设)(x f 是定义在实数集R 上以2为周期的奇函数,已知)1,0(∈x 时,)1(log )(21x x f -=,则)(x f 在)2,1(上 ( )A .是减函数,且0)(>x f ;B .是增函数,且0)(>x f ;C .是减函数,且0)(<x f ;D .是增函数,且)(<x f10.在△ABC 中,︒>∠90C ,下列关系式中正确的是 ( ) A .B A B A C sin sin cos cos sin +<+<;B .B A B A C cos cos sin sin sin +<+<; C .C B A B A sin sin sin cos cos <+<+;D .B A C B A sin sin sin cos cos +<<+2018 届 高 三 年 级 五 校 联 考数学试卷第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共100分)二.填空题:(本大题共4小题;每小题5分,共20分)11.已知函数22()log (1)(0)f x x x =+≤,则1(2)f -将函数x x y co s sin +=的图象按向量),(k h (其中,2π<h )平移后与1cos 2+=x y 的图象重合,则向量坐标=h ,=k13.已知0a >且1a ≠,2()xf x x a =-,当(1,1)x ∈-时,均有1()2f x <,则实数a 的取值范围是14.设函数()sin()f x x ωϕ=+ )22,0(πϕπω<<->,给出下列四个论断:①它的周期为π;②在区间(,0)6π-上是增函数;③它的图象关于点(,0)3π成中心对称;④它的图象关于直线12x π=对称请以其中两个论断为条件,另两个论断为结论,写出一个你认为正确的命题: (请用如下形式答题:①②⇒③④)三 解答题:(共6小题,共80分)15.(本小题满分12分)若A B C 是△ABC 的内角,cosB =21, sinC =53,求cosA 的值16.(本小题满分12分) 已知数列{}n a 满足: )(1 221+=+⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅++n n a a a a ,∈N n 求证:数列{}n a 是等比数列,并求其通项公式17 (本小题满分14分)已知函数:为常数,θθθθ,3)2(cos 32)2cos()2sin(2)(2R x x x x x f ∈-++++=(Ⅰ)求函数)(x f 的最大值和最小值; (Ⅱ)3πθ=当时,求函数)(x f 满足1)(≥x f 的x 的集合18 (本小题满分14分)设函数.;11)(R a x ax x f ∈+-=其中 (Ⅰ)当时,1=a 求函数满足1)(≤x f 时的x 的集合;(Ⅱ)求a 的取值范围,使f (x )在区间(0,+∞)上是单调减函数19 (本小题满分14分)已知:f(x)=214x+-,数列{n a }的前n 项和记为n S ,点n P (n a ,11+-n a )在曲线y =f(x)上(n ∈N +),且11=a , >n a(I )求数列{n a }的通项公式; (II )求证:∈++>N n n n S n ,1142(Ⅲ)数列{n b }的前n 项和为n T ,且满足:381622121--+=++n n a T a T n n nn设定1b 的值,使得数列{n b }是等差数列20 (本小题满分14分)若定义在区间D 上的函数)(x f y =对于区间D 上的任意两个值21x x 、总有以下不等式)2()]()([212121x x f x f x f +≤+成立,则称函数)(x f y =为区间D 上的凸函数;(1)证明:定义在R 上的二次函数)0()(2<++=a c bx ax x f 是凸函数; (2)对于(1)中的二次函数)0()(2<++=a c bx ax x f ,若3|)3(|,2|)2(|,1|)1(|≤≤≤f f f ,求|)4(|f 取得最大值时函数)(x f y =的解析式; (3)定义在R 上的任意凸函数*∈=N n m q p x f y 、、、),(,若n m q p q n m p +=+<<< ,且,证明:()()()(n f m f q f p f +≤+广东省2018届高三五校联合考试数学试卷考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一 选择题(每小题5分,共10小题,共50分),把答案涂在答题卡上1.( A )2.( C )3.( D )4.( B )5.( A ) 6.( C )7.( B )8.( B )9.( D )10.( B )第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共100分)二.填空题:(本大题共4小题;每小题5分,共20分)11. 3- 12 ,4π-=k 1 13. 1[,1)(1,2⋃ 14. ①④⇒②③或 ①③⇒②④三 解答题:(共6小题,共74分)15.(本小题满分12分)若A B C 是△ABC 的内角,cosB =21, sinC =53,求cosA 的值解:∵ cosB =21, ∴sinB =23, 又sinC =53, cosC =±54, …………4分若cosC =-54, 则角C 是钝角,角B 为锐角,π-C 为锐角,而sin(π-C)=53,sinB =23, 于是: sin(π-C)< sinB ……(5分) ∴ B >π-C, B +C>π,矛盾,∴ cosC ≠-54, …………7分 cosC =54,…………8分 π=++C B A故:cosA =-cos(B +C)=-(cosBcosC -sinBsinC)=10433-, …………12分 (说明:本题如果没有去掉cosC =54-,扣3分)16.(本小题满分12分) 已知数列{}n a 满足: )(1 221+=+⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅++n n a a a a ,∈N n 求证:数列{}n a 是等比数列,并求其通项公式16 解:⋅⋅⋅=,2,1,}{ n S n a n n 项和为前设数列 依题意得:+∈+=N n , 22n n a S …………2分 2211+=∴++n n a S)(2111n n n n n a a S S a -=-=∴+++ (n=1,2,…)…………5分++∈=∴N n ,21n n a a …………8分故数列{}n a 是等比数列 …………10分2 N n , 221-=∴∈+=+a a S n n ,又+-∈-=⨯-=N n a n n n ,2221 …………12分17 (本小题满分14分)已知函数:)2(cos 32)2cos()2sin(2)(2-++++=θθθx x x x f(Ⅰ)求函数)(x f 的最大值和最小值;(Ⅱ)当θ=3π时,求函数)(x f 满足1)(≥x f 的x 的集合17. 解:(Ⅰ)1)2(cos 2[3)2sin()(2-+++=θθx x x f ] ………………2分)2cos(3)2sin(θθ+++=x x ……(4分)= ))32sin(2)(()62cos(2πθπθ++=-+x x f x 或……………6分2 ,2max min =-=y y ………………8分(Ⅱ)由y =得:及3)62cos(2πθπθ=-+x 2162cos ,162cos 2,1)(≥+∴≥+⇒≥)()(ππx x x f ……………………12分Z k k x k ∈+≤+≤-⇒,326232πππππ},124|{Z k k x k x x ∈+≤≤-∴ππππ的集合是所求…………14分18 (本小题满分14分)设函数.;11)(R a x ax x f ∈+-=其中 (Ⅰ)当时,1=a 求函数满足1)(≤x f 时的x 的集合;(Ⅱ)求a 的取值范围,使f (x )在区间(0,+∞)上是单调减函数18.解:(Ⅰ)当时,1=a 1)(≤x f 111≤+-⇒x x ,化为012≤+-x ……(3分),01>+⇒x 1->x 即:故,满足(Ⅰ)条件的集合为{}1->x x ……(5分)(Ⅱ)在区间),0(+∞上任取21,x x ,则1111)()(112212---+-=-x ax x ax x f x f ……(7分))1)(1())(1(1212++-+=x x x x a ……(8分) 因12x x >故012>-x x ,又在),0(+∞上012>+x ,011>+x ……(10分)∴只有当01<+a 时,即1-<a 时才总有0)()(12<-x f x f , ……(12分)∴当1-<a 时,)(x f 在),0(+∞上是单调减函数 (14分)说明:本题若令0)()(12<-x f x f 求出1-<a ,没有考虑a 的充分性扣2分 19 (本小题满分14分)已知:f(x)=214x+-,数列{n a }的前n 项和记为n S ,点n P (n a ,11+-n a )在曲线y =f(x)上(n ∈N +),且11=a , >n a(I )求数列{n a }的通项公式; (II )求证:∈++>N n n n S n ,1142(Ⅲ)数列{n b }的前n 项和为n T ,且满足:381622121--+=++n n a T a T n n nn设定1b 的值,使得数列{n b }是等差数列19 解:(Ⅰ)由于y =214x+-∵点An(n a ,11+-n a )在曲线y =f(x)上(n ∈N +)∴11+-n a = f(n a )= 214na +- , 并且0>n a ……(2分)21141nn a a +=∴+ , ),1(411221N n n a a nn ∈≥=-∴+∴数列{21na }为等差数列,并且首项为211a =1,公差为4 ……(4分)∴21na =1+4(n —1) , ∴3412-=n a n∵ 0>n a , ∴341-=n a n ……(5分)(II )+∈-=N n n a n ,34123414341423422--+=-++>-=n n n n n a n ……(8分)+∈++=-+>-∑=∴N n n n n n S n ,1142)114(21341……(10分)(Ⅲ)由341-=n a n ,381622121--+=++n n a T a T n n nn得:)14)(34()14()341+-++=-+n n T n T n n n (134141+-=+⇒+n T n T nn ……(12分) =n c 令34-n T n,如果11=c ,此时11=b+∈=⨯-+=∴N n n n c n ,1)1(1 ……(13分) +∈-=-=N n n n n n T n ,34)34(2则: +∈-=⇒N n n b n ,89,此时,数列{n b }是等差数列 ……(14分)20 (本小题满分14分)若定义在区间D 上的函数)(x f y =对于区间D 上的任意两个值21x x 、总有以下不等式)2()]()([212121x x f x f x f +≤+成立,则称函数)(x f y =为区间D 上的凸函数 ;(1)证明:定义在R 上的二次函数)0()(2<++=a c bx ax x f 是凸函数; (2)对于(1)中的二次函数)0()(2<++=a c bx ax x f ,若3|)3(|,2|)2(|,1|)1(|≤≤≤f f f ,求|)4(|f 取得最大值时函数)(x f y =的解析式;(3)定义在R 上的任意凸函数*∈=N n m q p x f y 、、、),(,若n m q p q n m p +=+<<<且,,证明:()()()(n f m f q f p f +≤+20 证明:(1)任取x 1 x 2∈R,则2f(221x x +)-[f(x 1)+f(x 2)] =2[a(221x x +)2 + b 221x x ++c] -[a x 12+bx 1+c] - [a x 22+bx 2+c] =2a [(x 1+x 2)2-2(x 12+x 22)]= -2a(x 1-x 2)2 ……(2分) a<0 ∴2f(221x x +)-[f(x 1)+f(x 2)] ≥ 0 ∴)2()()([212121x x f x f x f +≤+ ∴由定义得 y = f(x)是R 上的凸函数 ……(4分)(2) ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧++=++=++=cb a fc b a f c b a f 39)3(24)2()1(解得⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧+-=-+-=+-=)3()2(3)1(3)3(23)2(4)1(25)3(21)2()1(21f f f c f f f b f f f a ……(5分)|f(4)|=|16a+4b+c|=|f(1)-3f(2)+3f(3)|≤|f(1)|+3|f(2)|+3|f(3)||f(1)| ≤1,|f(2)| ≤2,|f(3)| ≤3∴|f(4)| ≤|f(1)|+3|f(2)|+3|f(3)| ≤16 ……(6分)a<0时f(x)= ax 2+bx+c 开口向下,∴当且仅当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==-=3)3(2)2(1)1(f f f 时取等号,代入上式得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==-=12154c b a∴f(x)= -4x 2+15x -12 ……(8分)(3) p q m n R ∈且p<m<n<q不妨设m = p+i, 其中i *∈N p+q = m+n∴m -p = q -n = i由定义知,任意x 1 x 2∈R,有f(x 1)+f(x 2)≤ 2f(221x x +) ……(9分) 取x 1 = p x 2 = p+2则有f(p)+f(p+2) ≤ 2f(p+1) 变形得f(p) -f(p+1) ≤ f(p+1) - f(p+2) 同理有 f(p+1) -f(p+2) ≤ f(p+2) - f(p+3) f(p+2) -f(p+3) ≤ f(p+3) -f(p+4) f(p+4) -f(p+5) ≤ f(p+5) - f(p+6) … …f(p+k-2) - f(p+k -1) ≤ f(p+k -1) -f(p+k) 累加求和得:f(p)-f(p+k -1) ≤ f(p+1) -f(p+k)即 f(p)+ f(p+k) ≤ f(p+1)+ f(p+k -1) ……(11分) 递推i 次得f(p)+ f(p+k) ≤ f(p+1)+ f(p+k -1) ≤f(p+2)+f(p+k -2) ≤…≤ f(p+i)+f(p+k -i)∴ f(p)+ f(p+k)≤ f(p+i)+f(p+k -i)令p+k = q,得f(p)+f(q) ≤ f(p+i) + f(q -i) m -p = q -n = i∴f(p)+f(q) ≤f(m)+f(n) ……(14分)。

【高三】广东省五校2018届高三文综第一次联考月试题(含答案)

【高三】广东省五校2018届高三文综第一次联考月试题(含答案)

广东省五校2018届高三文综第一次联考(1月)试题第Ⅰ卷本卷共35小题,每小题4分,共140分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

清华大学建筑设计研究院设计的第四代城市住房,又称之为城市森林花园。

第四代城市住房主要特征是,每一层楼房都有一个公共院落、私人小院和一块几十平米的土地,可供住户种花种菜、遛狗养鸟,也可将车停放在自家门口,建筑外墙长满植被,人与自然和谐共生。

图1为第四代住房(该楼共20层)的中低层——第8楼层的平面设计图(一层十户),图2为其植物外墙景观图。

据此回1~3题。

图1 图21、城市森林花园的设计,将()A.大幅降低楼房建造成本B.有利于增加城市绿化面积,改善人居环境C.有利于缓解中心商务区停车难的问题D.有利于加强城市风,缓解城市热岛效应2、若该设计率先在成都建成并投入使用,且整栋楼周围无其它高大建筑影响,则关于该高层住宅8层的相关户型选房观点合理的是()A.夏季午后,810住户受暴晒程度比806少B.春分日,804住户受807住户遮挡不便观赏日出C.隆冬季节,801住户受冷空气影响较810住户小D.冬至日,809住户的庭院获得的光照时间较802住户少3、关于植物外墙的说法,正确的是()A.基质层的主要作用是控制雨水下渗的速度B.砾石层的主要作用是增大昼夜温差,促进植被生长C.植被层的作用主要是截留水分,涵养水源D.屋顶保护层的主要作用是防止水分下渗和根系向下发育一个较为稳定的气旋某月3~9日自西向东作匀速运动经过南昌市。

下图是南昌市某学校气象站记录的该时段部分天气要素变化情况。

读图3回答4~6题。

图34、6日降水强度明显增大的原因是()A.冷锋过境B.暖锋过境C.上升气流控制D.下沉气流控制5、导致6~9日气温下降的主要原因是()A.湿度减小B.风力减小C.偏北风影响D.天气转晴6、6日的最低气温是13℃,则7日的最低气温可能是()A.12℃B.11℃C.10℃D.9℃由于自身或外界环境的变化,使原始植被被另一种植被所替代的现象叫作演替。

2018届广东五校高三联考英语试题及答案

2018届广东五校高三联考英语试题及答案

广东五校2018届高三年级联考试题英语本试卷共10页,三大题,满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用2B铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原先的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

Ⅰ 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

What are the basic elements of good manners? Certainlya strong sense of justice is one; modesty is often nothing more than a highly developed sense of fair play. A friendof mine once told me about a time he was 1 along a narrow, unpaved(未铺柏油的) mountain road. Ahead was another car that produced clouds of 2 , and it was a long way to the nearest 3 highway. Suddenly, at a 4 place, the car ahead pulled off the road. 5 that its owner might have engine trouble, my friend stopped and askedif anything was wrong. “No,” said the other driver, “but you’ve tolerated my dust this far; I’ll 6 with yours the rest of the way.”Another element of courtesy is considerate, a 7 that enables a person to see into the mind or heart of someone else, to understand the pain or 8 there and to do something to minimize it. A man 9 alone in a restaurant was trying to open the cap of a beer bottle, buthe couldn’t do it because of badly injured 10 . He asked a young busboy to help him. The boy took the bottle, turned his back 11 and loosened the cap without difficulty. Then he 12 it again. Turning back to the man, he 13 to make great efforts to open the bottlewithout success. 14 he took it into the kitchen and returned shortly, saying that he had managed to loosen it ----but only with a pair of pliers(钳子).Yet another element of politeness is the ability to treat all people 15 , in spite of all status or importance. Even when you have doubts about some people, act as if they are worthy of your best manners. You may also be astonished to find out what they really are.Courtesy is the key to a happier world.1. A. walking B. running C. riding D. driving2. A. dust B. smoke C. gas D. pollution3. A. opened B. used C. paved D. repaired4. A. smaller B. wider C. narrower D. bigger5. A. Hoping B. Seeing C.RecognizingD. Thinking6. A. do away B. catch up C. put up D. go on7. A. tool B. way C. behavior D. quality8. A.unhappinessB. joyC. feelingD. thought9. A. dining B. singing C. working D. sitting10. A. legs B. arms C. fingers D. ears11. A. hurriedly B. happilyC.momentarilyD. secretly12. A. loosened B. took C. hidD.tightened13. A. seemed B.pretendedC. managedD. tried14. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Happily D. Sadly15. A. alike B. kindly C. warmly D. nicely第二节语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答卷标号为16—25的相应位置上。

2018广东省五校高三1月联考英语试题及答案

2018广东省五校高三1月联考英语试题及答案

广东省五校协作体2018届高三第一次联考试卷英语本试卷共12页,满分120分,考试时间120分钟第I卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AOur Kids Activity Camp In CambridgeSummerWe will also have one of our fantastic inflatable water parks on site; always a big hit with children of all ages.Standard opening hours are 8.30am to 5.30pm but these can be extended from 8am to 6am with our Early and Late Clubs. These flexible hours mean busy parents can relax knowing their children are well entertained all day!Add cover to your booking for unforeseen circumstances and illnesses with our Customer Protection Plan. Full details can be found in our Terms and Conditions.To see a copy of the camps latest Ofsted report please click here.Further questions about Barracudas? Visit our FAQs section or call our friendly team on 0845 123 5299. Don’t forget you can also visit our Testimonials section for cust omer reviews too.21.At the activity camp of St. Faith’s School in Cambridge, children can _________.A. develop a good habitB. build up their bodiesC. bring arts created to lifeD. team up with other classmates22. Why do busy parents probably feel relaxed if their children join the camp?A. They will get relaxed knowing the kids are provided with great fun.B. They can earn more during the summer holidays.C. Their kids will learn how to enjoy themselves.D. Their kids will master many life skills.23.How much will you pay if you want to book three kids for two weeks?A.£881.B.£924.C.£1,057.D.£1,203BFour years ago, Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before —he moved his team into an open concept office.His staff had been exclusively working from home, but he wanted everyone to be together, to bond and collaborate more easily. It quickly became clear, though, that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted, productivity suffered and the nine employees were unhappy, not to mention Nagele himself.In April 2015, about three years after moving into the open office, Nagele moved the company into a 10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space — complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have embraced the open office —about 70% of US offices are open concept — and by most accounts, very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors. But research that we’re 15% less productive, we hav e immense trouble concentrating and we’re twice as likely to get sick in open working spaces, has contributed to a growing backlash against open offices.Since moving, Nagele himself has heard from others in technology who say they long for the closed office lifestyle. It’s unlikely that the open office concept will go away anytime soon, but some companies are following Nagele’s example and making a return to private spaces.There’s one big reason we’d all love a space with four walls and a door that shuts: focus. The truth is, we can’t multitask and small distractions can cause us to lose focus for upwards of 20 minutes.What’s more, certain open spaces can negatively impact our memory. We retain more information when we sit in one spot, says Sally Augustin, an environmental and design psychologist in La Grange Park, Illinois. It’s not so obvious to us each day, but we offload memories — often little details — into our surroundings, she says.Beside the cheaper cost, one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases collaboration. However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd.24.What does the writer imply according to Paragraph 2:A. Nagele felt delighted with open concept officeB. Nagele felt unsatisfied with open concept officeC. Nagele felt puzzled about open concept officeD. Nagele felt curious about open concept office25. What does the underlined words “have embraced” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. have dislikedB. have neededC. have acceptedD. have misunderstood26. Which one is true according to the passage?A. It is hard to concentrate in open offices.B. The minority of US companies choose open offices.C. Open offices benefit people’s memory a lot.D. Traditional offices can increase teamwork.27. What is the best title for the text?A. The advantages of traditional officesB. The disadvantages of traditional officesC. The drawbacks of open officesD. The benefits of open officesCWhen it comes to carbon emissions, certain unhealthy snacks may carry an unexpected blessing compared to healthier choices.As humankind faces the threat of global warming, we are becoming increasingly aware that our every indulgence(享受) will leave its mark on the environment. This is particularly true of the food we put in our mouths.Farming, production in factories and transport of goods are all largely powered by the burning of fossil fuels, generating greenhouse gases. Scientists measure this impact as a “carbon footprint”, commonly expressed as the volume of carbon dioxide produced per 100g serving of food.With this, it is possible to create a food pyramid based on the harm each snack and delicacy(美味) does to the environment. Meat and dairy products lie at the bottom, causing the greatest damage, while fruit and vegetables are the most environmentally friendly at the top. Grain-based foods like bread and noodles, and candies lie roughly in the middle.This approach, however, doesn’t consider how much energy our bodies get from those food s. You need to eat a far greater weight of lettuce(生菜) to get the same number of calories as a piece of bacon, for instance-with one study finding that it would release three times as many greenhouses toprovide the same nutritional energy. Processed vegetables, or those imported from distant farms, may fare even worse.In a paper in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Adam Drewnowski tried to take this into account by estimating(估计) the carbon emissions for every 100calories of different foods.Viewed in this way, the pyramid turns upside down. Now, cake or chocolate has a carbon footprint that is about a tenth of the environmental impact of tinned or frozen vegetables, for instance. Meat tends to produce about half the carbon emissions of eggs.Th is shouldn’t be seen as a green card to indulge your sweet tooth-lots of evidence shows the excessive consumption of sugar leads to all kinds of health problems, including diabetes and heart disease. And local fresh vegetables will still be the best option for the environment and your health.28.What can we learn according to the theory of “carbon footprint”?A.Meat does the greatest harmB.Vegetables does no harm at allC.Noodles do more harm than breadD.Fruit doe more harm than dairy products29.If you get the same number of calories,_____________.A.vegetables will do more harm to your health than meatB.meat will produce more greenhouse gases than vegetablesC.vegetables will produce more greenhouse gases than meatD.vegetables will produce as many greenhouse gases as meat30.The writer gives us a suggestion in the last paragraph___________.A.based on the new approachB.based on the previous studyC.for the benefit of the environmentD.for the benefit of our personal health31.What’s the writer’s purpose of the text?A.To tell readers a factB.To explain a theoryC.To offer a suggestionD.To analyze a phenomenonDThe term “healthy obesity” has gained value over the past 15 years, but scientists have recently questioned its very existence. “Our new findings suggest that health measures may be necessary for all obese(肥胖的)individuals, even those previously considered to be metabolically(代谢的)healthy, "says study first author Mikael, “Since obesity is the major driver changing gene expression in fat cells, we should continue to focus on pre venting obesity.”Obesity has been a global problem, affecting approximately 600 million people worldwide and increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, and so on. But in the 1970s and 80s, experts began to question the extent to which obesity increases the risk for these disorders. Later studies in the late 90s and early 2000s showed that some obese people show a relatively healthy life.However, there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesity, and whether or not such a thing exists is now up for discussion. “Our study suggests that the idea of metabolically healthy obesity may be more difficult than thought,” Mikael says, “There doesn’t appear to be a clear line that separates obese subjects with high or low insulin(胰岛素)sensitivity, indicating that obesity is the major driver explaining the changes in gene expression.”One limitation of the study is that it examined gene expression only in white fat cells, not other types. Moreover, all of the obese subjects were scheduled to experience obesity operations, so the findings may only apply to people with severe obesity. In future research, Mikael and his group will track the study patients after surgery to determine whether weight loss normalizes gene expression responses. They will also look for specific genes linked to improved metabolic health in these people.In the meantime, the study has an important take-home message. “Obese people may not be as metabolically healthy as previously believed,” Ryden says.32. Wha t does the underlined phrase “healthy obesity” mean?A. It can be healthy with obesity.B. Obesity is necessary to be healthy.C. Unhealthy people have no obesity.D. Health has something to do with obesity.33. What leads to healthy obesity failing to prove true?A. Lack of related patients.B. Lack of genetic evidence.C. Lack of research funding.D. Lack of needed standards.34. What advice can readers get from the passage?A. People should have a healthy lifestyle.B. People should accept obesity in a way.C. People should keep a balanced weight.D. People should avoid obesity operations.35. Which can best describe the author's intention in writing the passage?A. Compare, analyze and conclude.B. Show, appreciate, and persuade.C. Introduce, argue and advertise.D. Present, inform and inspire.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

广东省五校2018届高三语文第一次联考(1月)试题 (1)

广东省五校2018届高三语文第一次联考(1月)试题 (1)

广东省五校2018届高三语文第一次联考(1月)试题温馨提示:本套试卷满分为150分,用时为150分钟。

请把答案写在答题卡上。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)当我们追根溯源去追寻中国文化的最初形态时,我们看到,它就是史前巫教系统以及随之而来的三代天命神学,它们同时构成了中国文化的最初形态和总体,为中国文化的诞生和发展奠定了第一块基石,在各个方面对中国文化产生了极为深刻的影响。

后来,当诸子百家纷纷起来冲破传统宗教的束缚,获得了相对独立的发展,不再与天命神学体系混而为一,从此才有了本质上完全不同于天命神学体系的各种世俗文化形态。

在诸子思想体系中,人文主义的因素极大地突显,消解和转化了传统宗教的神学内容,改变了它的迷狂与非理性成分,从而在本质上有别于天命神学体系。

但是诸子百家也不是一下子突显出来的,它脱胎于传统天命神学这一文化母体;同时诸子百家的思想体系中也并没有完全推倒先前思想文化所取得的成果,而是在相当的程度上把它们保留了下来,使之成为新的文化形态,成为他们创立思想体系的思想酵母和出发点。

只要我们具体地去分析诸子百家的思想体系,就能从中强烈地感受到传统天命神学的影响。

从传统宗教这一方面来说,当它失去作为文化整体或总体的地位以后,也并不是对世俗文化形态不再具有任何影响力。

认识到宗教与中国文化的这种根源性关系,对把握两汉以后,尤其是形成了以儒释道为中国文化的整体结构以后,我们认为宗教对中国文化具有启示性的影响。

无视这种影响,完全忽略中国文化的宗教性,就不可能完整准确地领会中国文化。

从理论上说,宗教是中国文化的整体结构中不可或缺的组成部分,宗教与中国文化的各种形态构成了具有内在统一性的完整的文化共同体。

这是一种动态互补结构,宗教与中国文化整体之间在长期的历史行程中彼此认同,相互影响,共同发展。

因此当我们说宗教受制于中国文化背景,体现中国文化精神,并只有在中国文化所能提供的框架内合理地发展,从中国文化的其他各种形态中吸收养料来充实丰富自身时,同时也就表明了宗教在中国文化中不纯然只是一个消极的因素,只能被动地去适合中国文化,而是在相当广泛的领域内对中国文化产生了深刻的影响,对中国文化的发展起积极的推动作用。

广州市2018届高三第一学期第一次调研测试文科数学试题(解析版)

广州市2018届高三第一学期第一次调研测试文科数学试题(解析版)

A. sin x
【答案】 C 【解析】
B. cos x
∵ f0 x sinx ,
f 1( x)=cos x, f 2( x)= - sin x, f 3( x)= - cos x, f 4( x)=sin x, f 5( x)=cos x. ∴题目中的函数为周期函数,且周期 ∴ f ( 2018 x)= f 2( x)= - sin x. 故选: C.
3
2 ∴ sin 2
0 , 2 2 kπ,k Z ,
kπ , k Z ,又
0
3
3
23
当 k 1 时, 的最小值为 6
故选: B
11. 在直角坐标系
xOy 中,设
F 为双曲线
C:
x2 a2
y2
b2 1(a 0,b 0) 的右焦点, P 为双曲线 C 的右支上一
点,且△ OPF 为正三角形,则双曲线 C 的离心率为
面积等于
7 , c 4 , cosB
3 ,则△ ABC 的
4
A. 3 7
【答案】 B
B. 3 7 2
C. 9
9
D.
2
【解析】
由余弦定理得: b2 c2 a2 2ca?cosB ,即 7 16 a2 6a ,解得: a 3
∴ S ABC 1 casinB 1 4 3 7 3 7
2
2
42
故选: B
8. 在如图的程序框图中, f i ( x) 为 fi ( x) 的导函数,若 f0 (x) sin x ,则输出的结果是
直线的斜率进行比较,避免出错 ; 三,一般情况下,目标函数的最大值或最小值会在可行域的端点或边界上
取得 .
6. 如图所示,四个相同的直角三角形与中间的小正方形拼成一个边长为

广东省东莞市2018届高三上学期第一次调研考试数学(文)试卷(含答案)

广东省东莞市2018届高三上学期第一次调研考试数学(文)试卷(含答案)

2018届东莞市高三第一次调研考试试题文科数学注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

(1)设集合2{|430}A x x x =-+< ,{|230}B x x =->,则A B =I(A )3(3,)2-- (B )3(3,)2- (C )3(1,)2 (D )3(,3)2(2)若复数z 满足(12)(1)i z i +=-,则||z =(A )25 (B )35(C (D (3)等差数列}{n a 的前9项的和等于前4项的和,若0,141=+=a a a k ,则=k(A )3 (B )7 (C )10 (D )4(4)双曲线)0,0(1:2222>>=-b a by a x C 的离心率213=e ,则它的渐近线方程(A )x y 23±= (B )x y 32±= (C )x y 49±= (D )x y 94±= (5)已知 1.22a =,8.02=b ,52log 2c =,则,,a b c 的大小关系为(A )c b a << (B )c a b << (C )b a c << (D )b c a << (6)已知tan 2θ=,且θ∈0,2π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,则cos2θ= (A)45 (B) 35 (C) 35- (D) 45- (7)已知两点()1,1A -,()3,5B ,点C 在曲线22y x =上运动,则AB •AC 的最小值为A .2B .12 C .2- D .12- (8)四个人围坐在一张圆桌旁,每个人面前放着完全相同的硬币,所有人同时翻转自己的 硬币.若硬币正面朝上, 则这个人站起来; 若硬币正面朝下, 则这个人继续坐着. 那么, 没 有相邻的两个人站起来的概率为 (A )14 (B )716 (C )12 (D )916(9)已知三棱锥S ABC -的底面是以AB 为斜边的等腰直角三角形,2,2,AB SA SB SC ====则三棱锥的外接球的球心到平面ABC 的距离是(A )33 (B )1 (C 3 (D 33(10)如图,格纸上小正方形的边长为1,粗线画出的是某三棱锥的三视图,则该三棱锥的体积为A .83 B .163C .323D .16(11)设关于y x ,的不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>-<+>+-00012m y m x y x 表示的平面区域内存在点),(00y x P 满足2200=-y x ,则m 的取值范围是 (A ))34,(--∞ (B ))0,32(-(C ))31,(--∞ (D ))32,(--∞(12)已知函数()2sin 4f x x πω⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭(0ω>)的图象在区间[]0,1上恰有3个最高点,则ω的取值范围为 A .1927,44ππ⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭ B .913,22ππ⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭ C .1725,44ππ⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭ D .[)4,6ππ 第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。

2018年高三最新 广东省五校2018年—2018学年高三第一学期期末联考数学试题(文科) 精品

2018年高三最新 广东省五校2018年—2018学年高三第一学期期末联考数学试题(文科) 精品

广东省五校2018—2018学年第一学期高三期末联考数学试题(文科)本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共4页,满分为150分,考试时间120分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

第一部分 选择题(共50分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合 题目要求的。

)1.设I 是全集,I={0,1,2,3,4},集合A={0,l ,2,3},集合B={4},则=B C A C I I ( ) A .{0} B .{0,1} C .{0,1,2,3,4} D .{0,1,4} 2.2)3(31i i +-= ( )A .i 4341+ B .i 4341-- C .i 2321+ D .i 2321-- 3. 已知函数⎩⎨⎧≤>=)0(3)0(log )(2x x x x f x,则1[()]4f f 的值是 ( )A .9B .91C .-9D .-91 4.设,)cos 21,31(),43,(sin x b x a ==→-→-且→-→-b a //,则锐角x 为 ( ) A .6π B .4π C .3π D .π1255.如下图,该程序运行后输出的结果为 ( )A .1B .2C .4D .166.不等式组⎩⎨⎧≤≤-≥+--+210)1)(1(x y x y x 所表示的平面区域是 ( )A .一个三角形B .一个梯形C .直角三角形D .两个等腰直角三角形 7.设下表是某班学生在一次数学考试中数学成绩的分布表那么分数在100,110中的频率和分数不满110分的累积频率约分别是 ( ) A .0.18, 0.47 B .0.47, 0.18 C .0.18, 1 D .0.38, 18.已知等比数列}{n a 的首项为8,n S 是其前n 项的和,某同学经计算得1S =8,2S =20,3S =36,4S =65,后来该同学发现其中一个数算错了,则该数为 ( ) A .1S B .2S C .3S D .4S9.已知 则实数 时均有 当 且a x f x a x x f a a x,21)()1,1(,)(,102<-∈-=≠>的取值范围是( ) A .[)∞+⎥⎦⎤ ⎝⎛,,221 0 B .(]4,11,41 ⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡ C .(]2 11,21, ⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡ D .[)∞+⎥⎦⎤ ⎝⎛, 441,0 10.定义两种运算:,22b a b a -=⊕a ⊗b=2)(b a -,则函数f(x)=2)2(2-⊗⊕x x为( )A .奇函数B .偶函数C .奇函数且为偶函数D .非奇函数且非偶函数第二部分 非选择题(共100分)二、填空题:(每小题5分,共20分,其中14小题为选做题,考生从给出的两题中选择其中一道作答, 若两题全答的只计算前一题得分。

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2018届高三级第一次阶段综合测试五校联考
数学(文)科试卷
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选
项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) 1.集合{1,0,1}A =-,A 的子集中,含有元素0的子集共有 ( )
A.2个
B.4个
C.6个
D.8个
2.设1
{1,,1,2,3}2
n ∈-,则使得()n f x x =为奇函数,且在(0,)+∞上单调递减的n 的个数
是( ) A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4
3.已知函数3log ,0()2,0x x x f x x >⎧=⎨≤⎩,则1
(())9f f =( )
A.4
B.
14 C.4- D.1
4
- 4.为了得到函数sin(2)3y x π=-的图象,只需把函数sin(2)6
y x π
=+的图象( )
A.向左平移4π个单位
B.向左平移2π
个单位
C.向右平移4π个单位
D.向右平移2π
个单位
5.“1a =”是“直线0x y +=和直线0x ay -=互相垂直”的( )
A.充分不必要条件
B.必要不充分条件
C.充要条件
D.既不充分也不必要条件 6.设有直线m 、n 和平面α、β,下列四个命题中,正确的是( ) A.若//,//m n αα,则//m n B.若,,//,//m n m n ααββ⊂⊂,则//αβ C.若,m αβα⊥⊂,则m β⊥ D.若,,m m αββα⊥⊥⊄,则//m α
7.设抛物线28y x =的焦点为F ,准线为l ,P 为抛物线上一点,,PA l A ⊥为垂足. 如
果直线AF 的斜率为||PF =( )
A. B.8 C. D.16
8.如图,程序框图的输出值x =( )
A.10
B.11
C.12
D.13
9.分别在区间[1,6]和[1,4]内任取一个实数,
依次记为m 和n ,则m n >的概率是( )
A.25
B.310
C.35
D.7
10
10.
的线段,在该几何体的侧视图与俯视图中,这条棱的投影分别是长为a 和b 的
线段,则a b +的最大值为( )
A.
B. C.4
D.
二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)
11.复数5
12i
+的共轭复数为 ;
12.若方程2(2)210x k x k +-+-=的两根中,一根在0和1之间,另一根在1和2之 间,则实数k 的取值范围是 ;
13.设P 为曲线2:1C y x x =-+上一点,曲线C 在点P 处的切线的斜率的范围是
[1,3]-,则点P 纵坐标的取值范围是 .
下面两题选做一题,两题都做按14题给分:
14.在极坐标系中,过圆6cos ρθ=的圆心,且垂直于极轴的直线的极坐标方程为

15.如图,四边形ABCD 是圆O 的内接四边形, 延长AB 和DC 相交于点P ,若1,3PB PD ==,
则BC AD 的值为 .
P
三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共80分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演
算步骤)
16.(本小题满分12分)已知0a >,且1a ≠,设:p 函数log (1)a y x =+在(0,)+∞ 上单调递减;:q 函数2(23)1y x a x =+-+有两个不同零点,如果p 和q 有且只有
一个正确,求a 的取值范围.
17.(本小题满分12分)(本小题满分12分)△ABC 的面积是30,内角,,A B C 所对边长分别为,,a b c 12
,cos .13
A =
(1)求AB AC ⋅; (2)若1c b -=, 求a 的值
18.(本小题满分14分)已知四边形ABCD 为矩形,
4,2,AD AB E ==、F 分别是线段AB 、
BC 的中点,PA ⊥平面.ABCD
(1)求证:PF FD ⊥;
(2)设点G 在PA 上,且//EG 平面PFD ,试确定点G 的位置.
19.(本小题满分14分) 已知函数1
()ln ,(0,)f x x ax x x =++∈+∞(a 为实常数).
(1)当0a =时,求()f x 的最小值;
(2)若()f x 在[2,)+∞上是单调函数,求a 的取值范围.
P
A
B
E
F
C
D ·
20.(本小题满分14分)如图,椭圆的中心在原点,F 为椭圆的左焦点, B 为椭圆的一个顶点,过点B 作与FB 垂直的直线BP 交x 轴于P 点, 且椭圆的长半轴长a 和短半轴长b 是关于x
的方程22320x c -+=(其中c 为半焦距)的两个根. (1)求椭圆的离心率;
(2)经过F 、B 、P 三点的圆与直线
0x +=相切,试求椭圆的方程.
21.(本小题满分14分)已知函数2().1
x
f x x =
+ (1)当1x ≥时, 证明: 不等式()ln f x x x ≤+恒成立;
(2)若数列{}n a 满足*1121
,(),1,3n n n n
a a f a
b n N a +===-∈,证明数列{}n b 是等比数列,
并求出数列{}n b 、{}n a 的通项公式;
(3)在(2)的条件下,若*11()n n n n c a a b n N ++=⋅⋅∈,证明:12313
n c c c c ++++<.
2018届高三级第一次阶段综合测试五校联考
数学(文)科答卷
二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)
11. 12. 13.
14. 15 .
三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤
16.(本题满分12分)
17. (本题满分12分)
18. (本题满分14分)
班 姓名 学号
P
19. (本题满分14分)
21. (本题满分14分)
2018届高三级第一次阶段综合测试五校联考
数学(文)科答案
一、选择题(每小题5分,共50分):
BABCC DBCDC
二、填空题(每小题5分,共20分):
12i +; 12(,)23; 3
[,3]4

cos 3ρθ=;
1
3
. 三、解答题:
16.(本题满分12分) 由题意易知:10:<<a p ,
04)32(:2>--a q
即.2
1
025<<>
a a 或 ……4分 又因为p 和q 只有一个正确, 所以若p 真q 假,
即⎪⎩⎪⎨
⎧≤≤<<252110a a ,得121<≤a ; ……7分 若p 假q 真,即⎪⎩⎪⎨
⎧><<≥252101a a a 或, 得2
5
>a , ……10分
综上可得,
a 的取值范围是).,2
5
()1,21[+∞
……12分
17. (本题满分12分) 由12cos 13
A =

得5
sin .13
A == ……2分 又
1
sin 302
bc A =,。

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