2#楼住宅楼外墙保温施工组织设计
2用英语怎么写
1.2用英文怎么写2的英文是two。
词汇分析音标：英[tuː] 美 [tu]释义：n. 两个adj. 两个的num. 二短语Two Whatevers 两个凡是Two Women 烽火母女泪；两个女人；战地两女性；两女Two Cops 特警冤家；两个警察；锄暴特警；两个刑警Two Soldiers 两个士兵；两名士兵；同胞兄弟；幽默英语故事两名士兵Two Lamps 两盏巨灯Perfect Two 新天生一对；天生一对；咸菜贤才大贤永才例句1、They teamed Class One with Class Two.他们将一班和二班编成一队。
我们用两个师包围了这座城市。
3、We talked about two hours, but he hedged over my questions.我们用两个师包围了这座城市。
4、Working together for two months welded them into a group.在一起工作两个月使他们形成了一个团体。
5、He died two months ago.他两个月前去世了。
2.2的英文怎么写2的英文是two。
two英 [tu：] 美 [tu]n. 两个；两个东西；两点钟；一对；adj. 两个的；我同；num. 两个；第二；二；双语例句1. It's a long way to go for two people in their seventies.对于两个七十几岁的人来说，这段路太远了。
他在那儿的时候体重下降了2英石。
3. I undid the bottom two buttons of my yellow and grey shirt.我解开了自己黄灰相间的衬衫上最下面的两个纽扣。
4. It would be difficult to find two men who were more dissimilar.很难找到彼此间差异更大的人了。
语言学练习Exercise2
Chapter 2 5
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks. 11. _____ is the smallest linguistic unit. Phoneme 12. According to _____, when there is a choice as to where to place a consonant, it is put into the onset rather than the coda. the maximal onset principle
Chapter 2 7
Exercises
II. Choose the best answer. 15. An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _____ of the p phoneme. A. analogues B. tagmemes C. morphemes D. allophones D 16. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as _____. A. glottis B. vocal cavity C. pharynx D. uvula A
Chapter 2 14
Exercises
III. Decide whether the following statements are true [T] or false [F]. __ 29. Two sounds are in free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contrast, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation. T __ 30. [p] is voiced bilabial stop. F
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）我的揪痧瘾医⽣在线⽹2008/12/1709:22来源：我叫⼩美，⼩时侯经常看见⼈们揪痧，但从没体验过，是在我⾼中后，有⼀次重感冒，吃药也不见好，晚上妈妈说我给你揪揪痧吧，我没说什么，妈妈就在我脖⼦后边揪开了，刚开始还不是很疼，但随着吧吧的揪痧声，妈妈的⼿劲越来越⼤，我疼的乱叫，妈妈说痧很重，必须得揪透了才⾏，不管我怎么喊叫，妈妈就是不停⼿，⽽且我越动她就越⽤⼒，我只好咬着⽛强忍着，妈妈从脖⼦⼀直连着揪到肩膀，⼜把整个后背都揪了个遍.我以为终于揪完了，可妈妈⼜在我前胸揪了起来，特别疼，我眼泪都出来了，可妈妈就是不⼿软，揪了⼀个多⼩时，只到把我上⾝揪的紫⿊紫⿊的没⼀块好地⽅才罢⼿，揪出我⼀⾝汗，可别说，揪完我就特轻松舒服了.从此以后我⼀感冒发烧的就让妈妈给揪，我还真喜欢上了这种痛并很快乐的感觉.隔⼀段时间不舒服了就让⽼妈给揪揪全⾝.后来结婚了，我很希望⽼公能给我好好揪⼀次，可他不喜欢揪，总也不给我揪，⽽且他不舒服也不让我给他揪.有⼀次我发烧，晚上实在难受的不⾏，让⽼公给揪揪他怎么也不肯，后来看我不⾏就给我在后背刮了刮痧，可我总觉的没有揪痧的过瘾.⽣完孩⼦后我落下了腰疼的⽑病，去诊所拔了⼏次罐后，感觉挺管⽤，⽼公看我腰疼的直不起来也很着急，后来我治我的腰学会了拔罐，经常在我腰疼的时候给我拔罐、⾛罐、按摩、揪痧等，现在⽼公拔罐揪痧的技术很⾼，不光给我整治腰，在我感冒的时候也会给我揪痧、拔罐，现在我⼜可以感受揪痧拔罐了。
在⽼公的经常拔罐按摩下我的腰疼的次数少多了。
在我的影响下⽼公也爱上了揪痧拔罐，在他不舒服的时候，我也会很体贴的为他揪痧拔罐，他也没那么怕疼了。
现在⽼公⼀不舒服就主动让我给他揪痧。
我们两经常是旧痕未去⼜添新伤，但我们都很快乐！⽼公有⼀次在外地感冒了给我打电话说：“⽼婆我越来越离不开你了，你要在我⾝边就可以给我揪痧了，我真的好难受。
”我说：“你以前不是怕疼⽼不让揪吗？现在想起我的好了？你到外边诊所拔拔罐吧！回来我给你揪。
2020新译林版高中英语选修第二册unit2课文翻译(英汉对照)
Unit2Building the future构建未来ReadingRenewable energy:a gift for the future可再生能源:给未来的礼物There was once a village surrounded by fertile fields with farmers tending their crops and farm animals grazing lazily below a mighty mountain.Then coal was discovered,and soon titanic-sized earth-digging machines circled the village. Villagers eagerly accepted the high-paid jobs the mining company provided,bringing a temporary economic boom.Meanwhile,the machines cut through everything in their path to access the coal buried beneath.Many years later,all that remained was a deserted village and an enormous hole.从前有一个村庄，四周都是肥沃的田地，农民们在那里照料着他们的庄稼，家畜在巍峨的山下懒洋洋地吃草。
后来，人们发现了煤，很快，巨型挖土机就环绕了整个村子。
村民们急切地接受了矿业公司提供的高薪工作，带来了短暂的经济繁荣。
与此同时，采煤机穿过路上的一切障碍物来开采埋在地下的煤炭。
许多年后，只剩下一个废弃的村庄和一个巨大的洞。
The scenario is tragic,but it only partly describes the damaging effects fossil fuels have on the environment when they are mined.Actually,once burnt,they produce a large quantity of carbon dioxide,which in turn traps heat and causes global warming.Humans are clearly facing a critical moment,so a move towards clean, renewable energy is inevitable.Renewable energy sources,which include solar,wind, hydroelectric,tidal,biomass and geothermal energy,are perfect alternatives to fossil fuels.One of the reasons is that their carbon dioxide emissions tend to be lower.A study found that renewable energy sources emit about50g or less of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour over their lifetime,compared to about1,000g for coal.Besides, fossil fuels are non-renewable,whose reserves are estimated to dry up one day in the future.In contrast,renewable energy sources are basically inexhaustible and will be available to us for a few billion more years if our planet remains safe and healthy.这种情况是悲惨的，但它只是部分描述了化石燃料在开采时对环境的破坏性影响。
周边地面 2
周边地面——对没有地下室的建筑指底层房间外墙内侧两米范围内的地面。
对有地下室埋墙的建筑，指从室外地面和埋墙的交线算起向下两米内为周边地面。
非周边地面——对没有地下室的房间指底层地面中周边地面以外的部分。
有地下室埋墙的建筑，非周边地面指埋墙和地面面积的和减去从室外地面和埋墙交线算起向下两米的面积。
关于周边地面和非周边地面的几点说明1．周边地面和非周边地面的定义周边地面指距外墙内表面2m以内的地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
位于室外地面以下的外墙（地下室外墙）应从与室外地面相平的墙壁算起，往下2m范围内为周边地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
2．节能标准中对周边地面和非周边地面传热阻的计算《民用建筑节能设计标准》（采暖居住部分）JGJ26-95和《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB50189-2005对周边地面和非周边地面热阻采用了不同的计算方法，应分别对待。
A) 居住建筑：换热阻计算依据来源于《供热工程》（贺平孙刚编著）。
由于室内热量通过地面传到室外的路程长短不同，即热阻值不同，靠近外墙的室内地面，距离室外路程短，热阻值小，传热量大，反之远离外墙的地面热阻值大，传热量小，离外墙8m以远的地面，传热量基本不变。
基于上述情况，在工程上一般采用近似方法计算，把地面沿外墙平行的方向分成四个计算地带（每2m为一个地带，8m以外地面按第四地带考虑），如图1示。
1) 对于贴土非保温地面（组成地面的各层材料导热系数λ都大于1.16W/m?℃），各地带的传热系数和换热阻如下：周边地面传热系数限值为0.52 W / m2·℃地区，考虑到非保温地面第一地带（周边地面）的传热系数为0.47 W / m2·℃，小于限值0.5 2W / m2·℃,可不做保温；非周边地面（第二、三、四地带）不做保温时传热系数最大值为0.23 W / m2·℃,小于限值0.3 W / m2·℃，同样也能满足非周边地面限值的要求。
2的书写方法
2的书写方法在日常生活中，我们经常会涉及到数字2的书写。
无论是在学习、工作还是生活中，正确的书写方法都是非常重要的。
下面，我们就来详细了解一下数字2的书写方法。
首先，我们要明确数字2的基本形态。
数字2是阿拉伯数字中的一个，它的基本形态是一个弯曲的弧线，上面有一个小圆圈。
这是我们最常见的数字2的书写形式，也是最标准的书写形式。
在书写时，我们需要注意保持数字2的整体形状，保持圆润、匀称，不要出现歪斜、变形等情况。
其次，我们要注意数字2的书写顺序。
在书写数字2时，一般是从上到下、从左到右的书写顺序。
首先画出数字2的上半部分的曲线，然后再画下半部分的曲线，最后在上半部分的曲线上方画一个小圆圈。
这样的书写顺序可以帮助我们更好地掌握数字2的书写方法，保持数字的整体形状和美观度。
除了基本形态和书写顺序外，我们还需要了解数字2的书写规范。
在正式的文件、文书、报告中，数字2的书写需要符合一定的规范。
一般来说，数字2要与其他数字保持一致的字体、大小和风格，以保持整个文档的统一性和美观度。
在手写时，我们也需要注意字迹工整、规范，避免出现潦草、模糊的情况。
此外，数字2的书写还需要注意与其他数字的区分。
在一些情况下，数字2可能会与字母z混淆，因此在书写时要特别小心，确保数字2的书写清晰可辨，不会引起误解。
总的来说，正确的数字2的书写方法对我们的学习、工作和生活都是非常重要的。
通过掌握数字2的基本形态、书写顺序和书写规范，我们能够更好地书写出整洁、规范的数字2，提高书写质量，避免出现错误和混淆。
希望大家能够重视数字2的书写方法，不断提升自己的书写水平，为自己的学习和工作增添亮点。
新标准大学英语视听说教程2（听力材料文本及答案）
新标准⼤学英语视听说教程2（听⼒材料⽂本及答案）College culture Unit 1Unit 1 College cultureInside viewConversation1Janet ：So this is the Cherwell Boathouse –it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy.Mark ：I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate an d I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved.Janet ：Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don’t usually do that.Mark ：Stu dents often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting.Janet ：Sponsored punting! What’s that?Kate ：Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something –like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt.Janet ：What a great idea! I’d love to join you!Mark ：That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do.Kate ：I’ll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity. Mark ：Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve got one here.Kate ：That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that? Mark ：I’ll do that. What have we got so far? Kate ：Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form…Um … We have to decide where the punt will start from.Mark ：Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently.Kate ：I’m with you on that.Janet ：Me too …Conversation2Janet ：I’m not used to boats – Woah!Mark ：Whoops!Kate ：Watch out! You nearly hit me with that thing!Mark ：Sorry! I didn’t mean to. … OK, we’re off!Kate ：Maybe I should do the punting.Mark ：It’s fine. I’ve got the hang of it now – give me a chance.Kate ：Well, I’d like to have a go.Mark ：Supposing I do the first hour. Then you can take over for a while, if youwant to.Kate ：Yes, great.Janet ：You’re really good at it, Mark! This is fantastic! It’s exactly how I imagined lifehere! Look over there –isn’t it lovely!Kate ：Yes, it is.…Janet ：Kate, everything’s organized, isn’t it, for8 collecting the sponsorship money?Kate ：Yes, I’ve arranged for people to get the money to me by next Friday – if they haven’t paid online. I’ll coun t it all up. Janet ：Good. We’d better have a meeting soon after that, don’t you think? How much have weraised?Kate ：About 600.Janet：Fantastic! I’m so enjoying this!Mark ：Hey guys, I’ve got a suggestion – how about moving over to the bank and we can have ourpicnic! Hey, look, there’s Louise and Sophie!Mark ：Whoo …Girls Mark!Janet ：Are you all right?Mark ：Er … Of course I’m all right. Kate, I think it’s your turn to punt!Outside viewV/OHarvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the best and most talented students from around the world.AlexHarvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and law school, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, for the John F. Kennedy School of Government, so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them.V/OWe asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have. AshleyUm, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and … Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.AdamIt is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that.BrianSocially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fra ternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10 o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night. JodieNot everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be.Int.Have you made a lot of friends?JodieOh, definitely.Int. ：Mm.JodieMany.Int.What, what do you do with your friends?JodieUm, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend.V/OWe asked the Harvard students if they use theInternet.AshleyUm, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so.Int.So how often do you use it, a week, a day?AshleyUm, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week. BrianOh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail.JohnUm, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to /doc/7b7573332.htmlto see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.Listening inPassage1V/OHi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers –now half-way through their first year –the question, “How are you finding uni?” Here are some of the answers we got. Speaker 1It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing f or the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already. Speaker 2I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away.I went home at Christmas for a month – that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much.Speaker 3“How am I finding uni?” It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I – I talked about it with my parents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades. Speaker 4Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy … everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently –yeah, they have. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah –I’m feeling a lot happier now.Speaker 5Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem –is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just isn’t –it’s just not enough for me to live on, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress – a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end.Speaker 6I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.Passage2Oxford and Cambridge – two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as“Oxbridge”. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities.The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old,was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive.Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them.In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enough to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking.Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life.They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives.Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famous debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy club Footlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their careers at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK.So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.Unit 2Inside viewConversation1Kate ：Come in. Hey, Janet.Janet ：Hi Kate, are you busy?Kate ：Yes, I’m just doing an essay. But it’s great to see you. So what’s new? Janet ：Well, nothing much.Kate ：You look a bit fed up. What’s bugging you?Janet ：Well, I had a phone call from my parents and it made me feel homesick. It happens everytime they call, and it gets me down.Kate ：I’m sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but Ialways feel miserable after the call.Janet ：My dad doesn’t say muc h, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say.Kate ：Don’t let it get to you. My dad doesn’t say much on the phone either. I call, he answersthe phone, and says, “Hi, I’ll pass you to your mother.” It’s really irritating. Janet ：But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hear his voice.Kate ：Just tell him what you’re up to.Janet ：Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager. Kate ：Try not to worry about it, Janet. It’s normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, butI bet everything will be fine next term. You’ll get used to it. Hey, why don’t you do what I do?Janet ：What’s that?Kate ：When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I getto hear his voice!Janet ：Maybe. I’m sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye! Kate ：Wait a minute …!Conversation2Kate ：I think I may have upset Janet last night.Mark ：What happened?Kate ：She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She’d had a call from home, and said she was feeling homesick.Mark ：Poor kid! It must be tough on you guys, living so far away from home.Kate ：I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry about it, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenly she looked miserable, and then she got up and said, “I must go now” and left my room. It was really sudden. I felt as if I’d said something wrong.Mark ：Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were working and didn’t want to disturb you.Kate ：I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn’thave tried to make her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn’t taking her seriously. Mark ：I wouldn’t worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes. How would you feel if you were a student at college in China?Kate ：I know. That’s why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more.Janet ：Hey, everyone!Mark ：Hi Janet, you look cheerful!Janet ：Yes, I’ve just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus!Kate ：What an amazing grade! Well done.Mark ：I’m really happy for you, Janet.Janet ：I feel on top of the world!Outside viewSebastienHi. I’m Sebastien. I’m from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ –your emotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more importan t. If you look at it, businesses will … Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, … I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference betweenIQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a “brainiac”, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.KimHi. This is Kim. I’m originally from Korea, and I was raised in Ca lifornia. And today, we are going to talk about the differences between IQ and EQ – IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in … When I was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had to take … I think I’d taken like two or three IQ tests before the age of ten, which is when I moved to California. So, I guess we stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on having great IQ scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnt how to associate with people, and along the linesthat this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring about … It’s basically how you deal with people, howyou make people feel, and how people make you feel.I think they’re equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days. But I think again, you know, now that with Internet and people are communicating so much faster, there’s a better mixture of the two I think. There’s a stress on EQ in Korea as well, and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.TedHello. My name is Ted, and I’m from the United States of America. Today, I’m going to talk a little bit about IQ or EQ – which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, “IQ. What’s your IQ? Take an IQ test.” But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they’re …that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ – how you deal with people, how you interact with people –is important. Now, a big part of this, in my opinion, is listening.I know I’m talking a lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then you can understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening – listening to others – and it can be more important than IQ.Listening inPassage1PresenterWe’re fortunate to have as our guest to day Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how colours affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It’s called Market Colours. Dr Hudson, which are the most common colours in advertising and marketing?Dr HudsonWell, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn’t suggest strong emotions. So it’s a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it’s often used tosuggest something is pure and fresh.What about red?You can sell almost anything with red. It’s a hot colour, which su ggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it lookscheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to re d, it’s upbeat and happy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it’s especially popular in advertising and on packaging for baked food. What about yellow, for instance?Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it’s a positive, happy colour, so it’s used a lot in advertising. But it’s also often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance.What about less popular colours for advertising?Surprisingl y, green isn’t used much in advertising except for garden products. It’s friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many people associate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. But most colours are not primary colours, they’re a combination. Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give an impression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it’s not often used in letters because it’s not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick.Blue-green works well as a cool colour, suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green. Fascinating.Thank you very much, DrScriptsHudson. Market Colours by Dr JennaHudson is on sale from next week,priced ￡15.99 …Passage2Presenter ：What makes you embarrassed, Sally?Sally ：Oh, I’m easily embarra ssed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people sing me Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed.Presenter ：And what makes you upset?Sally ：When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty –I can’t bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children. Presenter ：Jake, what makes you depressed?Jake ：I hate it when it rains, and I don’t like people who look down on me, who think they’re superior to me without any reason.Presenter ：And what makes you angry?Jake ：When people don’t behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train.Presenter ：Andrew, what makes you cheerful?Andrew ：I like to see everyone around me being happy and having a positive attitude towards the future, optimistic people. Presenter ：And what makes you jealous?Andrew ：Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can’t see the point of it.Presenter ：Monica, what makes you proud?Monica ：I’m proud when I’m successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I’m very proud of them.Presenter ：And what makes you nervous?Monica ：Every time I teach a new c lass. The night before I’m very nervous. You don’t know what the kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they’re going to like you.Presenter ：Anything else?Monica ：Doing interviews like this.Unit 3 Crime watchInside viewConversation1Kate ：So, what did you think of the movie?Mark ：It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate ：Yes, me too.Kate ：Hey, where’s my bike? I don’t believe it! It’s gone!Mark ：It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate ：Someone’s stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark ：Oh, Kate!Kate ：How could someone have done this! The creep!Mark ：It’s a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate ：It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune –I don’t have the money to buy another one. Mark ：Listen, I’ll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don’t you go into that shop and see if they’ve seen anything suspicious? I’ll be back in a minute. Kate ：OK.…Kate ：Well?Mark ：No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate ：I asked th e shopkeeper if she’d seen anything –Mark ：And?Kate ：She said she hadn’t. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark ：Listen, let’s get back so you can report it.Kate ：I’ve got no bike. I’m just so upset!Mark ：It’s not far to college. Come on!。
商务英语阅读教程Unit 2
Unit 2 Multinational CorporationPart I Pre-reading Questions1.Multinational corporations are business entities that operate in more than one country. One typical function is located in one country, while other facilities are located in other countries. In some circles, this type of corporation refers to a multinational enterprise or a transnational corporation.2. Multinational corporations have many branches at home and abroad, and their strategic objectives are oriented to the international market, aiming at maximizing global profits and controlling foreign companies through holdings.3. Corporate social responsibility refers to the responsibility for consumers, the community and the environment while creating profits for shareholders and the staff. The social responsibility of the enterprise requires taking the profit as the goal, emphasizing the concern of the human value in the production process and the contribution to the environment, consumers and society.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Going Global1.主旨归纳：The function of CSR has become more and more important in the world. Manycompanies begin to focus on the establishment of CSR. We are aware of the significance that CSR takes a part in obtaining certification and establishing the brand of a corporation. CSR will continue to expand across the globe if the market remains to open up.2.结构分析Part I The rich countries like Britain, America and Japan focus on different aspects of CSR. (Paras. 1-2)Part II The lead on CSR shifts from the rich world to the big emerging markets. (Paras. 3-13)A.India wants to improve basic services like schools and health care.B.China begins to redefine CSR to gain acceptability and build the brand.C.NGOs make great efforts to manage their reputation.Part III The conclusion: CSR has influenced the emerging countries, which will continue if markets stay open. (Paras. 14-18)3. 难句解析(1) Such differences in priorities are bound to grow in importance as the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — and other emerging markets gain in economic clout and confidence. (Para. 3)随着金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国）以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信的不断增强，发展优先性方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。
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外墙外保温施工方案1.编制依据：1.1施工图纸:平阴县云翠嘉苑小区2#楼施工图纸1.2 主要规范、规程序号名称编号1. 建筑工程施工质量统一验收标准GB50300-20012. 建筑节能工程施工质量验收规范GB50411-20073 山东省民用建筑节能条例4 建筑节能外墙保温工程培训教材5 居住建筑保温构造详图L06J113 2.工程概况:2.1 总体简介：工程名称平阴县云翠嘉苑小区2#楼建设单位济南富海置业有限公司设计单位北京龙安华诚建筑设计有限公司监理单位平阴县工程建设监理有限责任公司质量监督单位平阴县工程质量与安全生产监督站施工单位济南铸诚建筑工程集团有限公司质量目标合格2.2 设计概况：住宅楼建筑设计概况序号项目1 建筑面积5944.90㎡屋面保温层为70厚挤塑型聚苯板2节能设计外墙外墙外保温层为50厚横向梯形槽聚苯板外窗60系列（6+12+6）塑钢中空玻璃窗不采暖区隔墙抹20厚玻化微珠保温层储藏室顶板75厚岩棉保温层阳台外侧25厚胶粉聚苯颗粒保温层层间楼板20厚阻燃型挤塑聚苯保温板分户墙20玻化微珠保温层2.3. 该工程应采取的其他节能措施2.3.1、外墙热桥部位—混凝土梁、过梁、女儿墙的保温均同外墙保温做法。
2.3.2、顶部阳台顶板、底部阳台楼板、阳台栏板屋顶构架及外挑构件采取保温措施，外抹25厚胶粉聚苯颗粒。
2.3.3、外门窗框与门窗洞口之间的缝隙，应采用聚氨酯等高效保温材料填实，并用密封膏嵌缝。
2.3.4、外门窗洞口周边侧墙、女儿墙内侧采用25厚胶粉聚苯颗粒保温砂浆，5厚抗裂砂浆压入耐碱玻璃纤维网格布。
2.3.5、本工程外墙饰面为仿面砖涂料，一、二层为面砖，粘贴面砖时，面砖规格不应大于0.015 m2，面砖荷载不应大于20 Kg/ m22.3.6、本工程选用保温材料燃烧性能不应低于B2级，每两层应设置300mm水平防火隔离带，屋顶与外墙交界处，屋顶开口部位四周，应做宽度不小于500mm的水平防火隔离带3.施工部署：3.1 建筑节能工程技术质量管理体系为了贯彻国家建筑节能的政策，加强建筑节能工程的施工管理。
我项目经理部成立了以项目经理为组长；项目生产副经理、项目总工为副组长的建筑节能工程施工领导小组，其机构组成、人员编制及责任分工如下：施工组织总负责人3.2 质量保证体系 以质量生存、求发展是我公司的质量方针。
我项目经理部通过认真学习建筑节能工程相关规程、规范、标准，强化质量意识，建立了行之有效的规范化质量管理体系，能够使建筑节能工程的各项工作均处于良好的受控状态。
建筑节能施工前，施工单位应编制建筑节能工程施工方案并经监理（建设）单位审查批准。
施工单位应对从事建筑节能工程施工作业的人员进行技术交底和必要的实际操作培训。
在施工过程中，我项目经理部将严格按照相关规程、规范、标准等执行。
为完成好本工程的建筑节能工程，根据本工程的特点，我项目经理部将对以下环节作为建筑节能工程的质量控制点：（1）分包单位的选择：建筑节能工程的分包单位，应选择有类视工程施工经验的队伍，并对其在施工程（或已完工的工程）进行考察。
（2）建筑节能材料和设备的要求：A. 建筑节能工程使用的材料、设备等，必须符合设计要求及国家有关标准的规定。
严禁使用国家明令禁止使用与淘汰的材料和设备。
B.材料和设备进场验收应遵守下列规定：（1）.对材料和设备的品种、规格、包装、外观和尺寸等进行检查验收，并应经监理工程师（建设单位代表）确认，形成相应的验收记录。
（2） 对材料和设备的质量证明文件进行核查，并应经监理工程师（建设单位代表）确认，纳入工程技术档案。
进入施工现场用于节能的材料和设备均应具有出厂合物资负责工程部 技术协调 机电安装部 现场施工负责人 机电负责人技术负责人外墙保温作业班组 安全监控 质量监控格证，中文说明书及相关性能检测报告，定型产品和成套技术应有型式检验报告。
(3) 对材料和设备应按照建筑节能工程施工质量验收规范GB50411-2007第59页符附录A及本规范各章的规定在施工现场抽样复验。
复验应为见证取样送检。
C. 建筑节能工程使用的材料应符合国家现行有关标准对材料有害物质限量的规定，不得对室内外环境造成污染。
D. 现场配制的材料如聚合物砂浆等，应按设计要求或试验室给出的配合比配制.当未给出要求时，应按照施工方案和产品说明书配制。
E. 节能保温材料在施工使用时的含水率应符合设计要求、工艺要求及施工技术方案要求。
当无上述要求时，节能保温材料在施工使用时的含水率不应大于正常施工环境湿度下的自然含水率，否则应采取降低含水率的措施。
（3）施工过程控制。
A.建筑节能工程应按照经审查合格的设计文件和经审查批准的施工方案施工。
B.施工前应做好图纸审查工作，将技术关口前移。
施工前认真编好作业指导书,做好技术交底。
C.施工过程中严格执行三检制和样板引路制度,做好预测预控及全方位的过程控制。
D.做好技术复测及资料整理工作,主要材料及施工过程操作要留有痕迹,具有可追溯性。
E.对关键部位及特殊工序要责任到人，从“人、机、料、法、环”五个方面进行控制。
F. 做好各专业接口及预留预埋的专业检查。
G. 建筑节能工程的施工作业环境和条件，应满足相关标准和施工工艺的要求。
节能保温材料不宜在雨雪天气中露天施工。
4) 建筑节能工程现场检验:A 建筑围护结构施工完成后，应对围护结构的外墙节能构造和严寒、寒冷、夏热冬冷地区的外窗气密性进行现场实体检测，当条件具备时，也可直接对围护结构的传热系数进行检测。
B. 外墙节能构造和外窗气密性的现场实体检验，其抽样数量可以在合同中约定，但合同中约定的抽样数量不应低于本规范的要求，当无合同约定时应按照下规定抽样:①每个单位工程的外墙至少抽查3处，每处一个检查点。
②每个单位工程的外窗至少抽查3樘，当一个单位工程外窗有2种以上品种，类型和开启方式时，每种品种、类型和开启方式的外窗应抽查不少于3樘。
C 外墙节能构造的现场实体检验应在监理（建设）人员见证下实施，可委托有资质的检测机构实施，也可由施工单位实施。
D 外窗气密性的现场实体检测应在监理（建设）人员见证下实施，可委托有资质的检测机构实施.E 当外墙节能构造或外窗气密性现场实体检验出现不符合设计要求和标准规定的情况时，应委托有资质的检测机构扩大一倍数量抽样，对不符合要求的项目或参数再次检验，仍然不符合要求时应给出“不符合设计要求”的结论。
对于不符合设计要求的围护结构节能构造应查找原因，对因此造成的对建筑节能的影响程度进行计算或评估，采取技术措施予以弥补或消除后重新进行检测，合格后方可通过验收。
对于建筑外窗气密性不符合设计要求和国家现行标准规定的，应查找原因进行修理，使其达到要求后重新进行检测，合格后方可通过验收。
A 建筑节能分部工程的质量验收，应在检验批，分项工程全部验收合格的基础上，进行外墙节能构造实体检验，严寒、寒冷和夏热冬冷地区的外窗气密性现场检测，以及系统节能性能检测和系统联合试运转与调试，确认建筑节能工程质量达到验收条件后方可进行。
B 建筑节能工程验收的程序和组织应遵守《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》GB50300的要求,并应符合下列规定:①节能工程的检验批验收和隐蔽工程验收应由监理工程师主持，施工单位相关专业的质量检查员与施工员参加.②节能分项工程验收应由监理工程师主持，施工单位项目技术负责人和相关专业的质量检查员，施工员参加，必要时可邀请设计单位相关专业的人员参加。
③节能分部工程验收应由总监理工程师（建设单位项目负责人）主持，施工单位项目经理、项目技术负责人和相关专业的质量检查员，施工员参加，施工单位的质量或技术负责人应参加。
7）建筑节能工程的检验批质量验收合格，应符合下列规定：A 检验批应按主控项目和一般项目验收。
B 主控项目应全部合格，C 一般项目应合格，当采用计数检验时，至少应有90%以上的检查点合格，且其余检查点不得有严重缺陷。
D 应具有完整的施工操作依据和质量验收记录。
8) 建筑节能分项工程质量验收合格，应符合下列规定：A 分项工程所含的检验批均应合格。
B 分项工程所含检验批的质量验收记录应完整。
9) 建筑节能分部工程质量验收合格，应符合下列规定：A 分项工程应全部全格。
B 质量控制资料完整。
C 外墙节能构造现场实体检验结果应符合设计要求。
D 严寒冷，寒冷和夏热冬冷地区的外窗气密性现场实体检测结果应合格。
E 建筑设备工程系统节能性能检测结果应合格。
K 其他对工程质量有影响的重要技术资料。
3.3 本工程采用的建筑节能措施：①外墙外贴50厚横向梯形槽聚苯板外墙体节能工程；②屋面采用70厚的挤塑聚苯板保温；③层间楼板上铺20厚的挤塑聚苯板；4主要施工方法4.1聚苯板外墙体节能工程4.1.1 工程概况:本工程外墙采用聚苯板为主要保温隔热材料，膨胀锚栓锚固，聚合物抗裂砂浆复合耐碱玻纤网格布为保护增强层的外墙保温系统。
4.1.2 材料组成（1）聚苯保温板50厚横向梯形槽聚苯板（2）面层抗裂砂浆按厂家比例配制，现场施工时加水用手持式电动搅拌机搅拌.（3）耐碱玻纤网格布用于增强保护层抗裂及整体性；孔径5mm×5mm，宽度1000mm，每卷长度100m。
（5）聚乙烯泡沫塑料棒用于填塞膨胀缝，作为密封膏的隔离背衬材料，其直径按照缝宽的1.4倍选用。
4.1.3 施工要求及条件（1）经业主、监理、施工单位、外保温施工单位联合验收的外墙体基层（可分段进行）垂直、平整度满足规范要求，门窗框安装到位，阳台栏板、挑檐等突出墙面部位尺寸合格，办理交接单即可进行外墙外保温施工。
（2）雨天施工时，须采取有效防雨措施，防止雨水冲刷刚施工完但粘结砂浆或面层聚合物砂浆尚未初凝的墙面。
（3）施工现场环境温度及找平层表面温度在施工中及施工后24h内均不得低于5℃，风力不大于5 级。
4.1.4 外保温构造采用50mm厚的横向梯形槽聚苯板，10mm厚粘结型胶粉聚苯颗粒将聚苯板与结构墙面粘贴，再抹10mm粘结型胶粉聚苯颗粒，2层及以下为10厚抗裂砂浆复合热镀锌电焊网，贴面砖，3层及以上为5厚抗裂砂浆复合耐碱玻纤网格布，刷弹性涂料。
如下图：4.1.5 工艺流程基层清理、水泥砂浆修补找平→弹线→配制粘结剂聚合物砂浆→粘贴聚苯板→钻孔及安装固定件→抹底层抗裂砂浆→压入网格布→抹抗裂砂浆→验收→膨胀缝填封密胶→验收（1）基层清理①清理墙面上残留的浮灰、脱模剂油污等杂物,墙体基层用界面砂浆找平。
② 窗台挑檐按照2%用水泥砂浆找坡，外墙各种洞口填塞密实。
③ 要求粘贴聚苯板表面平整度偏差不超过4mm ，超差时对突出墙面处进行打磨，对凹进部位进行找补（需找补厚度超过6mm 时用1∶3水泥砂浆抹灰，需找补厚度小于6mm 时由保温施工单位用聚合物粘结砂浆实施找补）；以确保整个墙面的平整度在4mm 内，阴阳角方正、上下通顺。