KEGG分类
KEGG通路注释及富集分析
KEGG通路注释及富集分析KEGG（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes）数据库是系统分析基因产物在细胞中的代谢途径以及这些基因产物功能的数据库。
KEGG该数据库有助于把基因及表达信息作为一个整体的网络进行研究。
KEGG整合了基因组、化学分子和生化系统等方面的数据，包括代谢通路（PATHWAY）、药物（DRUG）、疾病（DISEASE）、基因序列（GENES）及基因组（GENOME）等。
1. 所有鉴定蛋白KEGG Mapping结果统计2. 所有鉴定蛋白KEGG结果注释统计3. KEGG通路注释统计在生物体内，不同的基因产物相互协调来行使生物学功能，对差异表达基因的通路（Pathway）注释分析有助于进一步解读基因的功能。
差异表达蛋白的通路注释图，如下：图1 KEGG注释结果通路图注：相对于对照组来说，红色框标记的酶与上调蛋白有关，绿色框标记的酶与下调蛋白有关。
蓝色框标记的酶与上调和下调蛋白均有关，框内的数字代表酶的编号（EC number），而整个通路由多种酶催化的复杂生化反应构成，此通路图中与差异表达基因相关的酶均用不同的颜色标出，根据研究对象间的差异，重点研究某些代谢通路相关蛋白的差异表达情况，通过通路解释表型差异的根源。
4. KEGG通路分类对差异表达基因KEGG的注释结果按照KEGG中通路类型进行分类，结果如下图所示：图2 差异表达蛋白的KEGG分类图注：纵坐标为KEGG代谢通路的名称，横坐标为注释到该通路下的蛋白个数及其个数占被注释上的蛋白总数的比例。
5. KEGG通路富集分析分析差异表达蛋白在某一通路上是否过出现（over-presentation）即为差异表达蛋白的通路富集分析。
我们采用Kobas软件进行差异表达蛋白的KEGG通路富集分析。
差异表达蛋白的KEGG通路富集分析结果见下图图3 差异表达蛋白KEGG通路富集统计图注：图中每一个点表示一个KEGG通路，通路名称见左侧坐标轴。
KEGG的使用方法
KEGG的使用方法KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) 是一个重要的生物信息学数据库，提供了基因、基因组、代谢通路和化合物等生物信息的综合性资源。
它为研究人员提供了一个系统性地探索生物学的工具和平台。
以下是KEGG的一些主要功能和使用方法的详细介绍。
1.数据库结构：KEGG数据库由四个主要模块组成：-通路数据库：包含了多种生物学过程的代谢通路、信号转导通路以及生物化学途径等信息。
-基因数据库：提供了多种物种的基因组、基因的序列、注释和分类信息。
-组数据库：提供了基于基因和化合物之间关系的信息，例如基因座与化合物之间的关联。
-化合物数据库：提供了化合物的结构、属性以及相关的代谢途径和药物作用信息。
2.基因和基因组数据：KEGG基因数据库包含了多个物种的基因组序列以及相关的注释信息。
通过KEGG的基因功能，可以输入基因的名称、ID或者序列来与之相关的信息。
结果将提供基因的位置、功能注释、代谢途径及相关通路等信息。
3.代谢通路和生物化学途径：KEGG通路数据库提供了多种生物学过程的代谢通路、信号传导通路和生物化学途径等信息。
通过KEGG的通路功能，可以输入通路的名称或者基因的名称来与之相关的信息。
结果将提供通路的组成成分、相关基因、代谢产物等详细信息。
4.同源基因比较和功能注释：KEGG基因数据库提供了基因的同源比较和功能注释工具，如BLAST和Motif等。
通过这些工具，研究人员可以比较不同物种中的基因，并预测它们的功能。
5.化合物数据和药物发现：KEGG的化合物数据库提供了大量的化合物结构、属性以及与生物过程相关的代谢通路和药物作用等信息。
研究人员可以使用KEGG的化合物功能，输入化合物的名称、结构或者KCF格式的化学表达式来与之相关的信息。
6.KEGG图谱和数据可视化：KEGG提供了多种图谱和数据可视化工具，包括通路图谱、基因组图谱和基因表达图谱等。
kegg解读
KEGG，全称Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes，是一个综合性的数据库资源，主要用于从基因组和分子水平信息中了解生物系统的高级功能和效用。
这个数据库包含了三个主要部分：用于表示相互作用分子网络的高阶函数的pathway、收集所有完全测序的基因组和一些部分基因组的基因目录的GENES，以及用于化学品收集的LIGAND。
KEGG被广泛用于基因表达研究、转录组分析、生物药理学研究、细胞谱系研究等领域。
其富集分析是一种统计描述方法，可以检测和理解数据集中基因的表达或相关性，利用准确的数据、结构和信息，探索已知或未知的生物过程或功能。
以上信息仅供参考，如有需要，建议访问相关网站获取更具体的内容。
kegg pathway通路一级分类注释
kegg pathway通路一级分类注释全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：KEGG Pathway是一种生物信息学工具，用于研究生物体内代谢通路的组织和功能。
KEGG Pathway提供了多种生物体的代谢通路图和相关信息，帮助研究人员了解生物体内不同生物化学反应之间的关联，促进对生物体代谢网络的研究和探索。
在KEGG Pathway中，通路被分为不同级别，其中一级分类是对通路的整体功能进行总结和归类的描述。
下面我们就来详细了解一下KEGG Pathway通路一级分类的注释。
KEGG Pathway通路一级分类的注释是对不同类型的生物通路进行综合分类和描述。
在KEGG数据库中，通路被分为代谢通路、遗传信息处理通路和细胞过程通路三大类。
代谢通路主要涉及生物体内的代谢过程，包括糖酵解、脂肪酸代谢、核苷酸代谢等；遗传信息处理通路包括DNA修复、RNA合成、蛋白质合成等生物过程；而细胞过程通路则涉及细胞的各种功能和复杂的信号传导网络。
在代谢通路的一级分类中，KEGG Pathway提供了多种代谢通路的分类，包括碳水化合物代谢、氮代谢、脂类代谢、能量代谢等。
碳水化合物代谢通路涉及糖类物质在生物体内的代谢过程，包括糖酵解、糖异生、戊二酸循环等；氮代谢通路涉及氮元素在生物体内的运转和利用，包括氨基酸代谢、尿素循环等；脂类代谢通路包括脂肪酸代谢、甘油磷酸代谢、胆固醇代谢等；能量代谢通路涉及生物体内能量的产生和利用，包括糖原分解、氧化磷酸化等。
在遗传信息处理通路的一级分类中，KEGG Pathway提供了DNA 修复、转录、翻译等遗传信息处理过程的分类。
DNA修复通路涉及DNA分子在生物体内的修复和维护，包括直接损害修复、错配修复、双链断裂修复等；转录通路涉及RNA合成和RNA后期修饰等生物过程；翻译通路涉及蛋白质的合成和后期修饰，如蛋白质折叠、修饰和降解等。
在细胞过程通路的一级分类中，KEGG Pathway提供了多种细胞过程的分类，包括信号转导、细胞周期、囊泡运输等。
kegg go 解读
kegg go 解读KEGG（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes）是一个基因组的知识库，它提供了广泛的生物信息资源，包括基因组、酶、代谢通路和疾病等。
KEGG GO（Gene Ontology）是KEGG数据库的一个子集，它专注于基因功能和生物过程的描述，提供了与基因有关的术语和注释。
KEGG GO通过对基因和蛋白质功能进行分类和注释，帮助研究人员理解基因的功能和相互作用。
该数据库的目标是建立一个广泛应用于基因功能研究的标准化词汇，以促进生物信息学和分子生物学的发展。
KEGG GO将基因功能分为三个方面：细胞组成、分子功能和生物过程。
细胞组成描述基因或蛋白质在细胞中的位置和分布情况，如细胞核、线粒体等。
分子功能描述基因或蛋白质的功能特性，如催化、结合、传递等。
生物过程描述基因或蛋白质在生命过程中的参与情况，如代谢、细胞诱导、信号转导等。
KEGG GO通过与其他数据库的整合，提供了大量关于基因功能的信息。
例如，通过与UniProt数据库的整合，可以获取有关基因的注释信息，包括基因名称、功能描述、序列等。
通过与GO数据库的整合，可以获取与基因功能相关的术语和注释信息。
在KEGG GO中，每个基因都被分配了一个唯一的标识符，称为KEGG ID。
这个ID可以用来搜索基因的相关信息，包括基因组位置、序列特征、功能注释等。
此外，KEGG GO还提供了一些工具和数据库，如KEGG Pathway和KEGG BRITE，用于研究基因之间的相互作用和通路调控等。
KEGG GO的使用可以对基因功能进行全面的分析和注释。
研究人员可以通过搜索基因的ID或关键词，获取与基因功能相关的信息。
同时，KEGG GO还提供了可视化工具，如通路图和基因互作图，帮助研究人员理解基因之间的相互作用和信号传递。
总之，KEGG GO是一个强大的基因功能注释工具，为生物信息学和分子生物学研究提供了丰富的资源和工具。
一文读懂KEGG数据库
一文读懂KEGG数据库KEGG数据库介绍在进行生物学实验或者生物信息的学习中，都会听说KEGG富集分析，而且该方法在高通量测序分析中已然成为数据分析中必不可少的一环。
这种分析方法依托的是由 Kanehisa实验室在1995年开发的KEGG数据库，全称为 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （京都基因与基因组百科全书）。
它拥有多个子数据库，包含基因组，生化反应，生化物质，疾病与药物，以及最常用PATHWAY通路信息。
进入KEGG官网：，可以看到主页由以下几部分构成:KEGG数据库构成KEGG子库中存储的信息是生物系统的计算机表示形式，由基因和蛋白质（基因组信息）和化学物质（化学信息）的分子部件组成，这些部件的相互作用，反应和关系构成调控网络图（系统信息），除此之外，还包含疾病和药物信息（健康信息）。
具体的分类及数据库如下：KEGG PATHWAY 数据库在所有子数据库中最重要也是最常用的就是KEGG PATHWAY，它包括大量由科研人员根据已有研究文献，通过手动绘制的KEGG通路图，代表着代谢过程，环境信息过程，细胞过程，生物系统，人类疾病和药物开发。
每个通路标识符都由一个五位数字，和以下任意一个：map，ko，ec，rn和三字母或四字母生物代码组成，它们分别代表五种通路类型：•map编号：代表reference pathway，根据已有的知识绘制的、概括的、详尽的具有一般参考意义的代谢图。
一个点同时表示一个基因，这个基因编码的酶或这个酶参加的反应•org编号：物种特异性通路，这里就是将K编号基因（直系同源基因，后面会介绍）换为每个物种中对应的基因•ko编号：KO通路中的点表示直系同源基因•ec编号：EC通路中的点表示相关的酶•rn编号：化学反应通路中的点只表示该点参与的某个反应、反应物及反应类型在了解每种通路之前我们先学会在KEGG中切换每种通路类型地址：/kegg-bin/show_pathway?org_name=map&mapno=00020&mapscale =&show_description=hide使用过程中切换各种通路类型，比如进入TCA循环，可以通过左上角下路菜单来切换：接下来，我们详细介绍每种通路：1参考通路图 (map)这里以 TCA循环的通路图为例，进入参考通路图(Reference pathway)。
网络生物分析 KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
KEGG中的通路分为七大类： 1. Metabolism 2. Genetic Information Processing 3. Environmental Information Processing 4. Cellular Processes 5. Organismal Systems 6. Human Diseases 7. Drug Development
Eg.输入Asthma （哮喘）
病名称
对疾病概况性描述
疾病分类
组成通路的基因
KEGG中的编号
涉及的通路编号和链接
有+P、一P、+g、+m 、 +u的标签，分别代表磷酸化 作用、去磷酸化作用、糖基 化、甲基化、加蛋白
KEGG ORTHOLOGY(KO)是一个直系同源基 因的分类系统，即不同物种间功能相同基因的 集合。随着基因组信息的不断增加，利用KO系 统并根据同源性质分类显得更为合理。
随着现代生物信息学的进展，我们可以通过计 算机来展示，以至预测细胞内的代谢途径。
KEGG是系统分析基因功能的数据库，它将基 因组的信息与基因功能联系起来，旨在揭示生 命现象的遗传与化学蓝图。
KEGG分类
KEGG分类Carbohydrate Metabolism00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)00030 Pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径00040 Pentose and glucuronate interconversions戊糖与葡萄糖醛酸脂互 00051 Fructose and mannose metabolism果糖与甘露糖代谢00052 Galactose metabolism00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism00500 Starch and sucrose metabolism00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism00620 Pyruvate metabolism00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism00640 Propanoate metabolism00650 Butanoate metabolism00660 C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism00562 Inositol phosphate metabolismEnergy Metabolism00190 Oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化00195 Photosynthesis00196 Photosynthesis - antenna proteins00710 Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms00720 Reductive carboxylate cycle in photosynthetic bacteria 00680 Methane metabolism00910 Nitrogen metabolism00920 Sulfur metabolismLipid Metabolism00061 Fatty acid biosynthesis00062 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria 00071 Fatty acid metabolism00072 Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies 00100 Steroid biosynthesis00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesis00121 Secondary bile acid biosynthesis00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesis00561 Glycerolipid metabolism00564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism00565 Ether lipid metabolism00600 Sphingolipid metabolism00590 Arachidonic acid metabolism00591 Linoleic acid metabolism00592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism01040 Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids Nucleotide Metabolism00230 Purine metabolism00240 Pyrimidine metabolismAmino Acid Metabolism00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism 00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism 00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolism 00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation 00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis 00300 Lysine biosynthesis00310 Lysine degradation00330 Arginine and proline metabolism00340 Histidine metabolism00350 Tyrosine metabolism00360 Phenylalanine metabolism00380 Tryptophan metabolism00400 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis Metabolism of Other Amino Acids00410 beta-Alanine metabolism00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism00440 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism00450 Selenoamino acid metabolism00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolism00471 D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism00472 D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolism00473 D-Alanine metabolism00480 Glutathione metabolismGlycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism00510 N-Glycan biosynthesis00513 High-mannose type N-glycan biosynthesis00512 O-Glycan biosynthesis00514 O-Mannosyl glycan biosynthesis00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate 00534 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate00533 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradation00563 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesis00601 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series 00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo series 00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesis00511 Other glycan degradationMetabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins00730 Thiamine metabolism00740 Riboflavin metabolism00750 Vitamin B6 metabolism00760 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis00780 Biotin metabolism00785 Lipoic acid metabolism00790 Folate biosynthesis00670 One carbon pool by folate00830 Retinol metabolism00860 Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism00130 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesisMetabolism of Terpenoids and Polyketides00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis00902 Monoterpenoid biosynthesis00909 Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis00904 Diterpenoid biosynthesis00906 Carotenoid biosynthesis00905 Brassinosteroid biosynthesis00981 Insect hormone biosynthesis00908 Zeatin biosynthesis00903 Limonene and pinene degradation00281 Geraniol degradation01052 Type I polyketide structures00522 Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolides 01051 Biosynthesis of ansamycins01056 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone01057 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide products00253 Tetracycline biosynthesis00523 Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis01054 Nonribosomal peptide structures01053 Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides 01055 Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics Biosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis00945 Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis 00941 Flavonoid biosynthesis00944 Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis00942 Anthocyanin biosynthesis00943 Isoflavonoid biosynthesis00901 Indole alkaloid biosynthesis00950 Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis 01058 Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis00232 Caffeine metabolism00965 Betalain biosynthesis00966 Glucosinolate biosynthesis00402 Benzoxazinone biosynthesis00311 Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis00312 beta-Lactam resistance00521 Streptomycin biosynthesis00524 Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis00331 Clavulanic acid biosynthesis00231 Puromycin biosynthesis00401 Novobiocin biosynthesisXenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism00362 Benzoate degradation00627 Aminobenzoate degradation00364 Fluorobenzoate degradation00625 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation 00361 Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation 00623 Toluene degradation00622 Xylene degradation00633 Nitrotoluene degradation00642 Ethylbenzene degradation00643 Styrene degradation00791 Atrazine degradation00930 Caprolactam degradation00351 DDT degradation00363 Bisphenol degradation00621 Dioxin degradation00626 Naphthalene degradation00624 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation 00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 00982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P45000983 Drug metabolism - other enzymesOverviewmap00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesismap00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)map00030 Pentose phosphate pathwaymap00040 Pentose and glucuronate interconversions map00051 Fructose and mannose metabolismmap00052 Galactose metabolismmap00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolismmap00061 Fatty acid biosynthesismap00062 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondriamap00071 Fatty acid metabolismmap00072 Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies map00100 Steroid biosynthesismap00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesismap00121 Secondary bile acid biosynthesismap00130 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis map00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesis map00190 Oxidative phosphorylationmap00195 Photosynthesismap00196 Photosynthesis - antenna proteinsmap00230 Purine metabolismmap00231 Puromycin biosynthesismap00232 Caffeine metabolismmap00240 Pyrimidine metabolismmap00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolismmap00253 Tetracycline biosynthesismap00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolismmap00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolismmap00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradationmap00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesismap00300 Lysine biosynthesismap00310 Lysine degradationmap00311 Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesismap00312 beta-Lactam resistancemap00330 Arginine and proline metabolismmap00331 Clavulanic acid biosynthesismap00340 Histidine metabolismmap00350 Tyrosine metabolismmap00351 DDT degradationmap00360 Phenylalanine metabolismmap00361 Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation map00362 Benzoate degradationmap00363 Bisphenol degradationmap00364 Fluorobenzoate degradationmap00380 Tryptophan metabolismmap00400 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesismap00401 Novobiocin biosynthesismap00402 Benzoxazinoid biosynthesismap00410 beta-Alanine metabolismmap00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolismmap00440 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolismmap00450 Selenoamino acid metabolismmap00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolismmap00471 D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolismmap00472 D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolismmap00473 D-Alanine metabolismmap00480 Glutathione metabolismmap00500 Starch and sucrose metabolismmap00510 N-Glycan biosynthesismap00511 Other glycan degradationmap00512 O-Glycan biosynthesismap00513 High-mannose type N-glycan biosynthesismap00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism map00521 Streptomycin biosynthesismap00522 Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolidesmap00523 Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesismap00524 Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesismap00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradationmap00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfatemap00533 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfatemap00534 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfatemap00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesismap00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesismap00561 Glycerolipid metabolismmap00562 Inositol phosphate metabolismmap00563 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesismap00564 Glycerophospholipid metabolismmap00565 Ether lipid metabolismmap00590 Arachidonic acid metabolismmap00591 Linoleic acid metabolismmap00592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolismmap00600 Sphingolipid metabolismmap00601 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series map00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo seriesmap00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series map00620 Pyruvate metabolismmap00621 Dioxin degradationmap00622 Xylene degradationmap00623 Toluene degradationmap00624 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradationmap00625 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradationmap00626 Naphthalene degradationmap00627 Aminobenzoate degradationmap00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolismmap00633 Nitrotoluene degradationmap00640 Propanoate metabolismmap00642 Ethylbenzene degradationmap00643 Styrene degradationmap00650 Butanoate metabolismmap00660 C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolismmap00670 One carbon pool by folatemap00680 Methane metabolismmap00710 Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms map00720 Reductive carboxylate cycle (CO2 fixation) map00730 Thiamine metabolismmap00740 Riboflavin metabolismmap00750 Vitamin B6 metabolismmap00760 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism map00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesismap00780 Biotin metabolismmap00785 Lipoic acid metabolismmap00790 Folate biosynthesismap00791 Atrazine degradationmap00830 Retinol metabolismmap00860 Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism map00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesismap00901 Indole alkaloid biosynthesismap00902 Monoterpenoid biosynthesismap00903 Limonene and pinene degradationmap00904 Diterpenoid biosynthesismap00905 Brassinosteroid biosynthesismap00906 Carotenoid biosynthesismap00908 Zeatin biosynthesismap00909 Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesismap00910 Nitrogen metabolismmap00920 Sulfur metabolismmap00930 Caprolactam degradationmap00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesismap00941 Flavonoid biosynthesismap00942 Anthocyanin biosynthesismap00943 Isoflavonoid biosynthesismap00944 Flavone and flavonol biosynthesismap00950 Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesismap00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis map00966 Glucosinolate biosynthesismap00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 map00981 Insect hormone biosynthesismap00982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450map00983 Drug metabolism - other enzymesmap01040 Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acidsmap01051 Biosynthesis of ansamycinsmap01053 Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides map01055 Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibioticsmap01056 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbonemap01057 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide productsmap01058 Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis碳水化合物代谢酸脂互变现象能量代谢脂代谢核苷酸代谢氨基酸代谢其它氨基酸代谢多糖合成与代谢辅助因子与维生素代谢萜类和聚酮代谢次级代谢物的生物合成异源物质的生物降解6413-Chloroacrylic acid degradation。
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Carbohydrate Metabolism00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)00030 Pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径00040 Pentose and glucuronate interconversions戊糖与葡萄糖醛酸脂互 00051 Fructose and mannose metabolism果糖与甘露糖代谢00052 Galactose metabolism00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism00500 Starch and sucrose metabolism00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism00620 Pyruvate metabolism00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism00640 Propanoate metabolism00650 Butanoate metabolism00660 C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism00562 Inositol phosphate metabolismEnergy Metabolism00190 Oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化00195 Photosynthesis00196 Photosynthesis - antenna proteins00710 Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms00720 Reductive carboxylate cycle in photosynthetic bacteria00680 Methane metabolism00910 Nitrogen metabolism00920 Sulfur metabolismLipid Metabolism00061 Fatty acid biosynthesis00062 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria00071 Fatty acid metabolism00072 Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies00100 Steroid biosynthesis00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesis00121 Secondary bile acid biosynthesis00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesis00561 Glycerolipid metabolism00564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism00565 Ether lipid metabolism00600 Sphingolipid metabolism00590 Arachidonic acid metabolism00591 Linoleic acid metabolism00592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism01040 Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acidsNucleotide Metabolism00230 Purine metabolism00240 Pyrimidine metabolismAmino Acid Metabolism00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolism00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis00300 Lysine biosynthesis00310 Lysine degradation00330 Arginine and proline metabolism00340 Histidine metabolism00350 Tyrosine metabolism00360 Phenylalanine metabolism00380 Tryptophan metabolism00400 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesisMetabolism of Other Amino Acids00410 beta-Alanine metabolism00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism00440 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism00450 Selenoamino acid metabolism00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolism00471 D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism00472 D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolism00473 D-Alanine metabolism00480 Glutathione metabolismGlycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism00510 N-Glycan biosynthesis00513 High-mannose type N-glycan biosynthesis00512 O-Glycan biosynthesis00514 O-Mannosyl glycan biosynthesis00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate00534 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate00533 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradation00563 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesis00601 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series 00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo series00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesis00511 Other glycan degradationMetabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins00730 Thiamine metabolism00740 Riboflavin metabolism00750 Vitamin B6 metabolism00760 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis00780 Biotin metabolism00785 Lipoic acid metabolism00790 Folate biosynthesis00670 One carbon pool by folate00830 Retinol metabolism00860 Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism00130 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesisMetabolism of Terpenoids and Polyketides00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis00902 Monoterpenoid biosynthesis00909 Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis00904 Diterpenoid biosynthesis00906 Carotenoid biosynthesis00905 Brassinosteroid biosynthesis00981 Insect hormone biosynthesis00908 Zeatin biosynthesis00903 Limonene and pinene degradation00281 Geraniol degradation01052 Type I polyketide structures00522 Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolides01051 Biosynthesis of ansamycins01056 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone01057 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide products00253 Tetracycline biosynthesis00523 Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis01054 Nonribosomal peptide structures01053 Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides 01055 Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibioticsBiosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis00945 Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis00941 Flavonoid biosynthesis00944 Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis00942 Anthocyanin biosynthesis00943 Isoflavonoid biosynthesis00901 Indole alkaloid biosynthesis00950 Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis 01058 Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis00232 Caffeine metabolism00965 Betalain biosynthesis00966 Glucosinolate biosynthesis00402 Benzoxazinone biosynthesis00311 Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis00312 beta-Lactam resistance00521 Streptomycin biosynthesis00524 Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesis00331 Clavulanic acid biosynthesis00231 Puromycin biosynthesis00401 Novobiocin biosynthesisXenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism00362 Benzoate degradation00627 Aminobenzoate degradation00364 Fluorobenzoate degradation00625 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation00361 Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation00623 Toluene degradation00622 Xylene degradation00633 Nitrotoluene degradation00642 Ethylbenzene degradation00643 Styrene degradation00791 Atrazine degradation00930 Caprolactam degradation00351 DDT degradation00363 Bisphenol degradation00621 Dioxin degradation00626 Naphthalene degradation00624 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P45000982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P45000983 Drug metabolism - other enzymesOverviewmap00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesismap00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)map00030 Pentose phosphate pathwaymap00040 Pentose and glucuronate interconversionsmap00051 Fructose and mannose metabolismmap00052 Galactose metabolismmap00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolismmap00061 Fatty acid biosynthesismap00062 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondriamap00071 Fatty acid metabolismmap00072 Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodiesmap00100 Steroid biosynthesismap00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesismap00121 Secondary bile acid biosynthesismap00130 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis map00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesismap00190 Oxidative phosphorylationmap00195 Photosynthesismap00196 Photosynthesis - antenna proteinsmap00230 Purine metabolismmap00231 Puromycin biosynthesismap00232 Caffeine metabolismmap00240 Pyrimidine metabolismmap00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolismmap00253 Tetracycline biosynthesismap00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolismmap00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolismmap00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradationmap00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesismap00300 Lysine biosynthesismap00310 Lysine degradationmap00311 Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesismap00312 beta-Lactam resistancemap00330 Arginine and proline metabolismmap00331 Clavulanic acid biosynthesismap00340 Histidine metabolismmap00350 Tyrosine metabolismmap00351 DDT degradationmap00360 Phenylalanine metabolismmap00361 Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation map00362 Benzoate degradationmap00363 Bisphenol degradationmap00364 Fluorobenzoate degradationmap00380 Tryptophan metabolismmap00400 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesismap00401 Novobiocin biosynthesismap00402 Benzoxazinoid biosynthesismap00410 beta-Alanine metabolismmap00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolismmap00440 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolismmap00450 Selenoamino acid metabolismmap00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolismmap00471 D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolismmap00472 D-Arginine and D-ornithine metabolismmap00473 D-Alanine metabolismmap00480 Glutathione metabolismmap00500 Starch and sucrose metabolismmap00510 N-Glycan biosynthesismap00511 Other glycan degradationmap00512 O-Glycan biosynthesismap00513 High-mannose type N-glycan biosynthesismap00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolismmap00521 Streptomycin biosynthesismap00522 Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolidesmap00523 Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesismap00524 Butirosin and neomycin biosynthesismap00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradationmap00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfatemap00533 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfatemap00534 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfatemap00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesismap00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesismap00561 Glycerolipid metabolismmap00562 Inositol phosphate metabolismmap00563 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesismap00564 Glycerophospholipid metabolismmap00565 Ether lipid metabolismmap00590 Arachidonic acid metabolismmap00591 Linoleic acid metabolismmap00592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolismmap00600 Sphingolipid metabolismmap00601 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series map00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo seriesmap00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio seriesmap00620 Pyruvate metabolismmap00621 Dioxin degradationmap00622 Xylene degradationmap00623 Toluene degradationmap00624 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradationmap00625 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradationmap00626 Naphthalene degradationmap00627 Aminobenzoate degradationmap00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolismmap00633 Nitrotoluene degradationmap00640 Propanoate metabolismmap00642 Ethylbenzene degradationmap00643 Styrene degradationmap00650 Butanoate metabolismmap00660 C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolismmap00670 One carbon pool by folatemap00680 Methane metabolismmap00710 Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organismsmap00720 Reductive carboxylate cycle (CO2 fixation)map00730 Thiamine metabolismmap00740 Riboflavin metabolismmap00750 Vitamin B6 metabolismmap00760 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolismmap00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesismap00780 Biotin metabolismmap00785 Lipoic acid metabolismmap00790 Folate biosynthesismap00791 Atrazine degradationmap00830 Retinol metabolismmap00860 Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolismmap00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesismap00901 Indole alkaloid biosynthesismap00902 Monoterpenoid biosynthesismap00903 Limonene and pinene degradationmap00904 Diterpenoid biosynthesismap00905 Brassinosteroid biosynthesismap00906 Carotenoid biosynthesismap00908 Zeatin biosynthesismap00909 Sesquiterpenoid biosynthesismap00910 Nitrogen metabolismmap00920 Sulfur metabolismmap00930 Caprolactam degradationmap00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesismap00941 Flavonoid biosynthesismap00942 Anthocyanin biosynthesismap00943 Isoflavonoid biosynthesismap00944 Flavone and flavonol biosynthesismap00950 Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesismap00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis map00966 Glucosinolate biosynthesismap00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450map00981 Insect hormone biosynthesismap00982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450map00983 Drug metabolism - other enzymesmap01040 Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acidsmap01051 Biosynthesis of ansamycinsmap01053 Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides map01055 Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibioticsmap01056 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbonemap01057 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide productsmap01058 Acridone alkaloid biosynthesis碳水化合物代谢酸脂互变现象能量代谢脂代谢核苷酸代谢氨基酸代谢其它氨基酸代谢多糖合成与代谢辅助因子与维生素代谢萜类和聚酮代谢次级代谢物的生物合成异源物质的生物降解6413-Chloroacrylic acid degradation。