2d_electro
AD元器件英文对照
AD元器件英文对照1.电阻固定电阻：RES半导体电阻：RESSEMT电位计；POT变电阻；RV AR可调电阻;res12.电容定值无极性电容；CAP定值有极性电容;CAP半导体电容：CAPSEMI可调电容：CAPV AR3.电感：INDUCTOR4.二极管：DIODE.LIB发光二极管：LED5.三极管:NPN16.结型场效应管：JFET.lib7.MOS场效应管8.MES场效应管9.继电器：PELAY. LIB10.灯泡:LAMP 11.运放:OPAMP12.数码管：DPY_7-SEG_DP (MISCELLANEOUS DEVICES.LIB)13.开关;sw_pb原理图常用库文件：Miscellaneous Devices.ddbDallas Microprocessor.ddbIntel Databooks.ddbProtel DOS Schematic Libraries.ddbPCB元件常用库：Advpcb.ddbGeneral IC.ddbMiscellaneous.ddb部分分立元件库元件名称及中英对照AND 与门初学protel DXP 碰到最多的问题就是：不知道元件放在哪个库中。
这里我收集了DXP2004常用元件库下常见的元件。
使用时，只需在libary中选择相应的元件库后，输入英文的前几个字母就可看到相应的元件了。
通过添加通配符*，可以扩大选择范围。
下面这些库元件都是DXP 2004自带的不用下载。
########### DXP2004下Miscellaneous Devices.Intlib元件库中常用元件有：电阻系列（res*）排组（res pack*）电感（inductor*）电容（cap*，capacitor*）二极管系列（diode*，d*）三极管系列（npn*，pnp*，mos*，MOSFET*，MESFET*，jfet*，IGBT*）运算放大器系列（op*）继电器（relay*）8位数码显示管（dpy*）电桥（bri*bridge）光电耦合器( opto* ，optoisolator )光电二极管、三极管（photo*）模数转换、数模转换器（adc-8，dac-8）晶振（xtal）电源（battery）喇叭（speaker）麦克风（mic*）小灯泡（lamp*）响铃（bell）天线（antenna）保险丝（fuse*）开关系列（sw*）跳线（jumper*）变压器系列（trans*）？？？？（tube*）（scr）（neon）（buzzer）（coax）晶振（crystal oscillator）的元件库名称是Miscellaneous Devices.Intlib, 在search 栏中输入*soc 即可。
Developing device, process cartridge, and electrop
专利名称：Developing device, process cartridge, andelectrophotographic image formingapparatus发明人：Toru Oguma,Ken Kikuchi申请号：US10394215申请日：20030324公开号：US20030180061A1公开日：20030925专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：A developing device that is mounted to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body to be used for developing an electrostatic latent image formed onan electrophotographic photosensitive member, which includes a developing sleeve for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a first electrode; a second electrode opposed to the first electrode, and an electrical contact portion for receiving a bias applied to the developing sleeve and the second electrode from the electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body, and in which the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in positions to which a developer can be admitted, and a value corresponding to a capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode which exists at the time of applying a voltage to the second electrode is detected by the electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body, thereby detecting a developer amount by the electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body.申请人：CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA更多信息请下载全文后查看。
光电英语词汇（T2）
光电英语词汇(T2)time-averaged interferometer 时间平均干涉仪time-averaged interferometry 时间平均干涉量度学time-averaged shadow-moire method 时间平均阳影条纹法time-base filtering 时基滤波time-based optical rang finder 时基光学测距仪time-dependent lensing effect 时间相关透镜效应time-dependent propagation 时间相关传播time-distance curve 时间距离曲线time-evolution 时间演变time-interval 时间间隔，时段time-lag action 时滞作用time-lapse 时间推移（快速拍摄慢速放映）time-lapse cinematography 时移[变速]电影摄影术time-of-flight mass spectrometer 飞行时间质谱仪time-of-flight probe 飞行时间探针time-resolved 时间分辨的time-resolved fluorescence 时间分辨荧光time-resolved interference spectroscopy 时间分辨干涉光谱学time-resolved microphotography 时间分辨显微照相术time-resolved spectrograph 时间分辨摄谱仪time-resolved spectroscopy 时间分辨光谱学time-resolved spectrum 时间分辨谱time-resolving image converter 时间分辨变像管time-resolving spectrometer 时间分辨分光光度计time-share 分时的time-sharing laser 分时激光器time-sharing radiometer 分时辐射计time-sharing two frequency laser 分时双频激光器time-varying gradient 时变陡度time-varying parameter 时变参数time-varying phasor 时变相辐矢量time0base 时基timer (1)计时器(2)定时器(3)定时延时继电器timeshare computer 分时计算机timing (1)定时(2)计时timing circuit 定时电路timing control 时间控制timing device 定时装置timing electronics 计时电子学设备timing recovery 定时[同步]恢复timing system (1)定时装置(2)时标系统timing tape 定时带tin (1)鍚（sn） (2)马口铁tin brass 鍚黄铜tin oxide (sno2)氧化鍚tin plate 马口铁，白铁皮tin-cadmium phosphide detector 磷鍚镉探测器tin-cadmium phosphide monocrystal 磷鍚镉单晶tin-copper alloy film 鍚铜合金膜tinfoil 鍚箔tinge 色调，色彩tinned 镀鍚的tinning 镀鍚tinsel 金属丝，金属片tint (1)色辉(2)着色，染色tint plate 色板，全波片tinted lens 色辉透镜tintometer 色辉计tiny hole 微孔tip angle 顶锥角tip circle 顶圆tip cone 顶锥tissue (1)[细胞]组织(2)织物tissue-paper 薄纸，纱纸titanate silicate glass 钛酸盐硅酸盐玻璃titanium (ti)钛titanium dioxide 二氧化钛titanium doped silica 掺钛二氧化硅titanium film 钛薄膜titanium getter pump 钛吸气泵titanium silicate 硅酸钛titanium-aluminium 钛铝合金titration 滴定法to-and-fro movement 往返运动todd-ao system 托德–ao系统宽银幕电影toggle (1)肘节(2)反复电路toggle flip-flop 反转触发器toggle joint 弯头接合，肘环套接token 标记，记号tolerance (1)容限(2)公差(3)容许tolerance and fit 公差及配合tolerance deviation 容许偏差tolerance for aberration 像差容限tolerance for indistinctness 不清晰度容限tolerance in alignment 对准公差tolerance of fit 配合公差toluene 甲苯tombac 德国黄铜tomogram 层析x射线照片tomographic scanner 层析x射线扫描器tomography 层析x射线照相术tomosynthesis 层析x射线照相组合tonal value (1)色调(2)灰度tonal wedge 色楔tonality (1)色调(2)音调tone (1)色调(2)音调(3)[单]音，纯音tone control (1)色调控制(2)音调控制tone reproduction 色调再现tongs 钳，夹子tongue (1)舌，舌状物(2)舌簧tonometer and accessories 眼压计及其附件tonometer sterilizer 眼压计消毒器tonotron 雷达显示管tool (1)工具(2)刀具，刃具tool box 工具箱tool steel 工具钢toolmaker 工具制造者toolmaker measuring microscope 工具测量显微镜tool[room] microscope 工具显微镜tooth clutch 齿式离合器tooth profile 齿形，齿廓tooth ripple 齿形纹波tooth thickness 齿厚tooth (复数:teeth)(1)齿(2)轮齿toothed gearing 齿轮装置top (1)顶，顶端(2)陀螺top base 上基座，上基面top level 高能级top view 顶视图，俯视图topaz 黄玉，黄晶topgraphic surveying 地形测量toplimit 上限topogon lens 托卜岗[航摄]镜头topographics 地形测量学topography 地形学torch (1)喷灯(2)焊枪(3)火炬toric lens 复曲面透镜toric lenticular 复曲面双凸透镜toric smoothing machine 复曲面细磨机toric surface 复曲面torid (1)复曲面，超环面(2)环形线toroidal (1)环形线的(2)超环面的toroidal astigmatism 环形像散toroidal cavity resonator 环形空腔共振器toroidal lenses 超环面透镜toroidal sphere 复曲球面toroidally-deformed grating 环形形变光栅torque 转矩torque motor 转矩马达torr 托（真空度单位，=1/760大气压）torsion (1)扭转(2)转矩(2)扭力torsion interferometer 测扭干涉仪torsion meter 扭力计torsion pendulum 扭[转]摆total (1)总计的(2)总计，合计total absorptance 总吸收率total band absorption 总带吸收total brightness 总亮度total differential 全微分total diffuse reflectance 全漫反射比total diffuse reflection 全漫反射total dispersion 全色散total exposure time 总曝光时间total flux 总通量total image run-out 全像偏转total impulse 总冲量total internal reflection 全内反射total internal reflection cavity 全内反射腔total inversion 全反转total light flux 总光通量total light output 总发光量total light yield 总发光量total radiant power 总辐射功率total radiation 总辐射total radiator 全辐射器total reflection 全反射total reflection prism 全反射棱镜total reflection refractometer 全反射折射计total scattering 全散射total systematic error 总的系统误差total tolerance 综合公差total transmittance 总透射比total-absorption spectrometer 全吸收分光光度计totalizing measuring instrument 累计式测量器具touch 接触touch panel 触控面板touch-wire system 触线系统tough 坚轫的toughened glass 钢化玻璃toughening 坚轫化toughness (1)坚轫的(2)坚轫度tourmaline polariscope 电石偏振光镜tousey monochromator 陶赛单色仪towsend ionization coefficient 汤森德电离系数trace (1)描图(2)跟踪(3)轨迹(4)痕量(2)图样trace amount 痕量trace of impurities 微量杂质traceable (1)可描绘的(2)可跟踪的traced drawing 描图tracer (1)描图器(2)描图员(3)云踪物(4)曳光剂(5)曳光器(6)曳光弹(7)故障检导器tracer atom 示踪原子tracer element 痕量元素tracer isotope 示踪同位素tracer method 示踪[原子]法tracer stylus 仿形器指销tracer technique 示踪技术tracheoscope 气管镜track (1)径迹(2)跟踪track angle 轨迹角track infrared system 红外跟踪系统track way 轨道track-and-guidance laser radar 跟踪制导激光雷达tracker 跟踪仪，跟踪装置tracker telescope 跟踪望远镜tracking ball 跟踪球tracking camera 跟踪摄影机tracking control unit 跟踪控制器tracking device 跟踪装置tracking encoded theodolite 跟踪编码经纬仪tracking error 跟踪误差tracking flare 跟踪闪光tracking instrument 跟踪仪tracking laser radar 跟踪激光雷达tracking lidar 跟踪激光雷达tracking radar 跟踪雷达tracking rate 跟踪速率tracking system 跟踪系统tracking telescope 跟踪望远镜traction (1)牵引(2)牵引力traffic lights 交通信号灯trail 痕迹trailer (1)片尾(2)预告片（电影）trailing (1)曳尾（电影图像）(2)曳尾的trailing edge [脉冲]後沿train [序]列train frequency 群频率train of gears 齿轮系train of waves 波列train wave 列波training film 数学用影片trajectory (1)轨道，轨迹(2)弹道(3)[光线]径迹trans-illuminator 透射照明器transadmittance 跨导纳transceiver 无线电收发机transceiver , tx/rx 光收发模组transconductance 跨导transcription 录制transducer (1)换能器(2)传感器transductor 饱和电抗器transfer (1)传递，传导(2)转换(3)转换transfer blocking 转换上盘transfer characteristic 转换持性transfer chemical laser 转换化学激光器transfer matrix 转换矩阵transfer speed 转换速度transfluxer 多孔磁心transfokator 特仑斯福步托透镜（连续变焦望远附加镜头）transform optics 变换光学transform pair 变换对transformation 变换transformation matrix 变换矩阵transformer (1)变压器(2)变量器(3)变换器transience 瞬态，暂态transient 瞬变的，瞬态的transient analyzer 瞬变分析器transient behaviour 瞬变行为transient buildup 瞬态结构transient current 瞬态电流transient dipole moment 瞬时偶极矩transient plasma 瞬间等离子体transient self-defocusing 瞬变自散焦transient self-focusing 瞬变自聚焦transient state 瞬[时状]态transient statistics 瞬变统计学transient temperature gradient 过渡温度陡度transient thermal blooming 瞬变热晕transient thermal defocusing 瞬变热[自]散焦[过程]transient-double-resonance 瞬时双共振transillumination 透射照明transilluminator 透照器transistor 晶体管transistor amplifier 晶体管放大器transistor-driven 晶体管激发的，晶体管激励的transistorization 晶体管化transistorized electronic digital computer 晶体管电子数字计算机transit (1)经纬仪(2)跃迁transit circle 子午仪transit compass 经纬仪罗盘transit level 经纬水准仪transit survey 经纬仪测量transit time 渡越时间transit with stadia wires 视距丝式经纬仪transit-time lidar velocimeter 渡越时间激光雷达速度计transition (1)转变(2)过渡(3)跃迁transition between states 态间跃迁transition cross section 跃迁截面transition energy 跃迁能transition fit 过渡配合transition frequency 跃迁频率transition linewidth 跃迁线宽transition matrix 跃迁矩阵transition metal 过渡金属transition metal ions 过渡金属离子transition probability 跃迁概率transition process 跃迁过程transition rate 跃迁率transition state 跃迁状态transition wave-length 过渡波长transitional (1)跃迁的(2)过渡的transitional element 过渡元素transitivity 传递性transitrol 自动校频管transitron 负跨导管translation (1)平移(2)变换translation plane 平移面translation wave 平移波translational reference beam 平移参考光束translator (1)转换器(2)译码器(3)翻译器translucence (1)半透明性(2)半透明度translucency (1)半透明性(2)半透明度translucent 半透明的translucent body 半透明体translucent glass 半透明玻璃translucent mosaic 半透明镶嵌屏幕translucent projection screen 半透明镶嵌屏幕translucent screen 半透明屏幕translucent surface 半透明表面transmission (1)递送，传输(2)发射(3)透射(4)变速器transmission berg-barrett technique 透射伯格–巴雷特技术transmission camera 透射摄影机transmission coefficient 透射系数transmission curve 透射曲线transmission densitometer 透射光密度计transmission density 透射密度transmission film 透射膜transmission filter 透射滤光片transmission grating 透射光栅transmission hologram 透射全息图transmission laser system 激光传输系统transmission light 透射光transmission modulation 传输调制transmission of information 信息传输transmission plane 透射平面transmission spectrum 透射谱transmission type star optical couplers 星状光纤耦合器(穿透形)transmission window 透射窗transmissive 传输的transmissivity 透射率transmissometer 透射计transmittance 透射比transmittance meter 透射比测量仪transmittance of atmosphere 大气透射比transmittance-exposure cure (t/e curve)透射比–曝光量曲线（t∕e曲线）transmittancy 透射系数，透射比transmitted illumination 透射照明（显微镜transmitted intensity 透射[光]强度transmitted light 透射比transmitted power 发射功率transmitter 光发送器transmitter ,tx 光发送器transmitter-receiver 收发报机transmitter-telescope 发射望远镜transmitting aperture 发射孔径transmitting objective lens 发射物镜transmitting optics (1)发射光学(2)发射光学装置transmitting set 传输装置transmodulator 转换transmutation 嬗变，锐变transonic 跨声速的transonic effect 跨声速效应transonic mach number 跨声速马赫数transonic thermal blooming 跨声速热晕transparence 透明性，透明度transparency (1)透明性(2)透明度transparent 透明的transparent body 透明体transparent film 透明膜transparent grating 透明光光栅transparent illumination 透射照明transparent paramagnetic material 透明顺磁材料transpex (i)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（光学塑料商品名）transport coefficient 迁移系数transport efficiency 迁移效率transport film 输片transposed matrix 位调矩阵transposition (1)换位(2)导线交叉(3)移项transptex (ii)聚苯乙烯（光学塑料商品名）transversal 横向的transversal comparator 横动比较仪transversal magnification 横向放大[率] transversal spherical aberration 横向球差transversal wave 横波transversality 横截性，横向性transversality condition 横截性条件transverse 横向[的]transverse axis 横轴，水平轴transverse cavity mode selection 横腔模选择transverse chromatic aberration 横向色差transverse coherence 横向相干性transverse coma 横向彗差transverse diffraction 横向衍射transverse discharge laser 横向放电激光器transverse electric wave 横电波transverse electromagnetic mode 横向电磁波型transverse field electrooptic modulator 横场电光调制器transverse flow co2 laser 横向流动二氧化碳激光器transverse gas laser 横向气体激光器transverse illumination 横向照明transverse junction stripe laser 横向结型条状激光器transverse magnification (1)横向放大(2)横向放大率transverse mode (1)横向波型(2)横模transverse mode electrooptic modulator 横模电光调制器transverse mode selection 横模选择transverse mode-locking 横锁模transverse module 端面模数transverse optical modulator 横向光学调制器transverse relaxation 横向弛豫transverse section 横截面，横断面transverse slide 横向滑板transverse vibration 横振动transverse wave 横波transverse-discharge excitation 横向放电激发，横向放电激励transverse-excitation atmospheric co2 laser 横向激发大气压co2激光器transversely bounded layer 横向边界层transversely excited atmospheric chemical laser 横[向]激[发]大气压化学激光器transversely excited atmospheric pressure co2 laser 横激大气压二氧化碳激光器transversely excited mode 横激模transverter (1)变换器(2)变流器(3)变频器trap (1)陷阱(2)陷波电路(3)陷获，俘获trap level 陷阱能级trapeze 吊架trapezium (1)梯形(2)不规测四边形trapezium distortion 梯形畸变trapezoid (1)不规测四边形(2)梯形trapezoidal 梯形的trapezoidal thread 梯形螺纹trapezoidal wave 梯形波trapped mode 陷模trapper 陷波器trapping action 陷获作用trapping center 陷获中心，俘获中心trapping of laser beam 激光束自陷作用travel (1)行程(2)冲程(3)[光波]传播travel of table 工作台行程travel-time curve 时间距离曲线travelling (traveling)(1)行进的(2)传播的travelling interference pattern 行波干涉图样travelling microscope 移测显微镜travelling plane wave 平面行波travelling table 移动工作台travelling wave 行波travelling-wave cavity 行波腔travelling-wave laser 行波激光器travelling-wave maser (1)行波微波激射(2)行波微波激射器travelling-wave modulator 行波调制器travelling-wave pipe 行波管travelling-wave resonator 行波共振腔travelling-wave single mode laser 单模行波激光器travelling-wave tube 行波管traverse (1)横动(2)横的traverse gyro 方位陀螺traverse servo power amplifier 方位伺服功率放大器traverse table 移动工作台tray (1)浅盘(2)垫座treadle 踏板trebler 三倍倍频器trepanning 穿孔，打孔tri-gun colo[u]r tube 三枪彩色显像管triad (1)三重轴(2)三价元素trial lenses 验光透镜triangle (1)三角形(2)三角triangle belt 三目皮带triangular 三角形的triangular graph paper 三角座标纸triangular laser 三角形激光器triangular prism 三面体棱镜，三角棱镜triangular wave 三角形波triangular-path gas laser 三目形行程气体激光器triangulation distance meters 三角测量法距离感测器trianopia 第三原色盲，蓝色盲triaxial 三轴的triaxial uv dye laser 三轴紫外染料激光器tribar method 三杆法（分辨率检查）triboluminescence 摩擦发光tricarbocyanine dye 三羰花青染料trichloroethylene 三氯乙烯trichlorosilane 三氯氢硅，三氯硅烷trichroism 三色现象，三原色性trichromatic 三[原]色的trichromatic coefficient 三色系数trichromatic color system 三原色系统trichromatic colorimeter 三原色色度计trichromatic response theory 三色响应理论trichromatic system 三原色系统，三基色系统trichromatic theory of colour vision 视觉三色理论trichromatic vision 三色视觉triclinic 三斜[的]triclinic crystal 三斜晶体triclinic holohedral prism 三斜多面柱镜triclinic symmetry 三斜[晶系]对称tricolo[u]r 三色的，三原色的tricolo[u]r exposing 三色曝光tricolo[u]r filter 三色滤光片tricolo[u]r vidicon 三色摄像管tricro 万亿tridimensional 三维的，三度的，立体的triethanolamine 三乙醇胺trifocal 三焦点的，三焦距的trifocal spectacle 三焦眼镜片trigger 触发器trigger electrode 触发电极trigger pulse 触发脉冲trigger reflector 触发脉冲反射器triggering system 触发系统triglycine sulfate 硫酸三甘钛trigon (1)三角形(2)三角板trigonal 三角形的trigonal crystal system 三角晶系trigonal symmetry 三角对称trigonal system 三角晶系trigonometric calculation 三角计算trigonometric function 三角函数trigonometric leveling 三角水准测量trigonometric ray tracing 三角光线跟踪trigonometric ray-trace method 三角光线跟踪法trigonometric survey 三角测量trigonometric[al] 三角[学]的trigonometry 三角学trihedral 三面的trihedral corner reflector 三面正交反射器trihedral prism 三面体棱镜，三角棱镜trim 微调trimethylborate 硼酸三甲酯trimetric projection 三度投影trimetrogon 三棱头航摄机trimetrogon photography 三镜头航摄机摄影术trimmer 微调器trimming 微调trimorphism 三晶现像triniscope 单枪三速彩色显像管trinitron 单枪三束彩色显像管triode 三极管triode gas laser 三极管气体激光器triode laser 三极管激光器trioxid 三氧气trip 跳开，断开trip ring (1)档圈(2)扣环，定位环(3)开口环trip-out 断开，跳开tripartite concave prating 三重凹面光栅triphase 三相triple (1)三层的(2)三重的(3)三倍的triple anastigmat 消像散三合透镜triple aplanat 三层消球差镜triple condenser 三透镜聚光器triple correlator 三重相关器triple grating polychromator 三层光栅多色仪triple half-wave filter 三半波滤光片triple interferometer 三次干涉仪triple mirror 三面镜，三垂面反射镜triple prism 三棱镜triple state quench agent 三重态猝灭剂triple thin lens 三合薄透镜triple thread 三头螺纹triple-crystal diffractometer 三晶衍射仪tripler 三倍频器triplet (1)三合透镜(2)三重态(3)三重线(4)三通管triplet interval 三重线间环triplet lens 三合透镜triplet-singlet 三重线–单谱线triplet-state effect 三重态效应tripod 三脚架tripod head [三脚架]云台tripod magnifier 三脚架放大镜tripod-mounted binocular 炮队镜（安装在三角架上的双筒望远镜）tripositive 带二单位正电荷的（离子）tripping 解扣，跳闸tristimulus 三色刺激的tristimulus colorimeter 三色刺激值色度计tristimulus mask colorimeter 三色刺激掩模色度计tristimulus theory vision 三色刺激视觉理论tristimulus value 三色刺激值tritium (t)氚，超重氢triton (1)氚核(2)三硝基甲苯tritone process 三色调法trivalent 三价的trivalent ion 三价离子trivalent neodymium 三价钕trivalent rare-earth molecular vapor laser 三价稀土分子蒸气激光器trochoidal 余摆[线]的trochoidal mass analyzer 余摆式质谱仪trochoidal mass spectrometer 余摆式质谱仪trochoidal wave 余摆波trochotron 余摆管troland 特罢兰（视网膜照度单位）tropia [双眼]斜视tropic 回归线tropical 热带的tropical climate 热带气候tropopause 对流屋顶，休止层troposcatter 对流层散射troposphere 对流层tropospheric 对流层的tropospheric wave 对流层反射波trouble 故障trouble-proof 防故障的trough (1)谷(2)槽(3)波谷trough reflector 槽式反射器true aperture 有效孔径，实际孔径true field 物方视场，真视场true focus 实焦点true image 实像true temperature 实际温度true value 真值true zenith distance 实际天顶距true-up (1)校准(2)整形trueness (1)真实性(2)精度，准确度truer 整形器，校准器truing (1)核查(2)校正truing face 修正面truing tools 修准工具trumpet-shaped ruby laser 喇叭状红宝石激光器truncated doppler profile 截多普勒轮廓truncated prism 截棱柱truncated pyramid 截棱锥truncation (1)截断(2)舍位，舍项truncation error (1)截断误差(2)舍项误差trunk 干线，中断线truss (1)桁架(2)构架truss head rivet 半圆头铆钉，埋头圆顶铆钉truth table 真值表try square 直角尺，角尺tube (1)管，镜管(2)电子管tube bore 毛细管（气体激光器）tube plug 塞tube socket 管座tube-in-sleeve alidade 套筒式照准仪，转镜照准仪tubular 管状的tubular collimator 视准管tubular gas lens 管状气体透镜tubular inside micrometer 棒型内径千分尺，内径千分量杆tubular lamp 管状灯tubular level 管形水准器tumbler (1)转臂，转筒(2)摆动换向齿轮tumbler gear (1)摆动换向齿轮(2)三星齿轮tumbler switch 旋转开关tumbling (1)滚筒清理法(2)滚光tunability 可调谐度，可调谐性tunable 可调[谐]的tunable birefringent crystal 可调谐双折射晶体tunable coherent light source 可调谐相干光源tunable dfb laser 可调分布反馈激光器tunable diode laser spectroscopy 可调谐二极管激光光谱学tunable dye laser 可调谐染料激光器tunable e-beam laser 可调电子束激光器tunable filter 可调谐滤光器tunable ir diode laser 可调红外二极管激光器tunable laser 可调谐激光器tunable laser oscillator 可调激光振荡器tunable laser source 可调谐激光源tunable metal film filter 可调金属膜滤光器tunable optical bandpass filter 可调光学带通滤波器tunable organic dye laser 可调谐有机染料激光器tunable raman laser 可调谐喇曼激光器tunable sulfur laser 可调谐硫激光器tune 调谐tune-in 调入，调谐tune-out 失调，解调tune-up 调准tuned amplifier 调谐放大器tuned laser 调谐激光器tuned pulsed dye laser 调谐脉冲染料激光器tuned-anode 调屏的tuned-grid 调栅的tuner 调谐器，调谐设备tungar 充电整流管tungar rectifier 充电整流器tungstate 钨丝盐tungsten (w)钨tungsten boat 钨舟tungsten filament 钨丝tungsten filament lamp 钨丝灯tungsten halide lamp 卤钨灯tungsten lamp 钨灯tungsten oxide 氧化钨tungsten strip lamp 钨带灯tungsten-halogen lamp 卤钨灯tungsten-iodine lamp 碘钨灯tuning 调谐tuning dial 调谐度盘tuning eye 调谐指示管，电眼tuning fork 音叉tunnel 隧道tunnel diagram 对折图tunnel diagram of prism 棱镜展开图tunnel diode 隧道二极管tunnel effect 隧道效应tunnel photodiode 隧道光电二极管tunnel-injection laser 隧道注入式激光器tunneling 隧道作用，隧道效应tunneling leaky mode 隧道效应漏模turbid medium 混浊媒质turbidity 浊度，混浊[性]turbine 涡轮机，透平turbulence (1)湍流(2)湍性turbulence detector 湍流探测器turbulence effect 湍流效应turbulent distortion 湍流畸变turbulent flow 湍流，涡流turbulent medium 湍性媒质，扰动媒质turn (1)转动(2)匝数turn around time (1)解题周期（分时系统中用）(2)换[方]向时间（数据传输的）turn ratio 匝数比turn-off 断开turn-on 接通，开启turnable filter 可调式滤光镜turned-down edge 塌边turnings 切屑turnmeter 转速计turntable 电路盘，转盘turpentine 松节油turquois[e] 绿蓝色的turret (1)转台(2)转盘(3)转塔刀架turret finder 转台瞄准器turret gun sight 炮塔瞄准镜turret periscope 炮塔潜望镜turret-condenser 转盘聚光镜turret-front camera 转台前摄影机turret-gun sighting telescope 炮塔瞄准望远镜tv camera 电视摄像机tv cameras 电视摄影机tv microscope 电视显微镜tv-camera tube 电视摄像管tweeter 高频扬声器tweezers 镊子，钳子twilight (1)曙光(2)暮光(3)微光twilight band 半阳影区，微明区twilight efficiency 昏暗效应twilight polarization measurement 微光偏振测量twin (1)孪晶(2)孪生的，双的twin crystals 孪晶twin diode 孪生二极体twin image seperation 双象分离twin images 孪生象，双象twin laser 孪生激光器，双光激光器twin lens reflex camera 双镜头反光摄影机twin lens reflex viewing finder 双镜头反光取景器twin photogrammetric camera 双镜测量摄影机twin pulse code 双脉冲编码twin serial camera 双镜连续摄影机twin wave 双生波twin-carbon arc lamp 双碳弧灯twin-prism separator 双棱镜分离器twinkler (1)发光体(2)闪光体twinkling 闪光，闪烁twist pitch 扭矩twisted mode (1)扭曲波型(2)扭曲模twisted wire 绞合线two circle goniometer 双圆测角仪two dimension detector arrays 面型检光元件two magnon scattering 二磁振子散射two mirror anastigmat 双[反射]镜消像散镜two wavelength holographic interferometry 双波长全息干涉量度学two-beam interferometry 双光束干涉量度学two-colour detector array 双色探测器陈列two-colour hologram 二色全息图two-cup edging machine 双压盖磨边机two-dimensional 二维的two-dimensional array 二维列陈two-dimensional convolution 二维卷积two-dimensional display 二维显示two-dimensional focusing 双向聚焦two-dimensional grating 二维光栅two-dimensional laser scnning system 二维激光扫描系统two-dimensional sampling theory 二维抽样理论two-dimensional steadystate chemical laser 二维稳态化学激光器two-excimer 双激元two-excimer laser 双激元激光器two-fold diffraction 双重衍射two-frequency gas laser 双频气体缴光器two-frequency laser 双激光器two-hole grating 两孔光栅two-level energy system 二能级系统two-level laser 二能级激光器two-level maser 二能级激射器two-mode ring gas laser 双模环状气体激光器two-package spectrometer 双束分光光度计two-pass 双行程[的]two-phase 二相[的]two-photon 双光子[的]two-photon absorption 双光子吸收two-photon laser 双光子激光器two-photon-fluorescence method 双光子荧光法two-photon-fluorescence monitor 双光子荧光监测器two-point resolution 两点分辨率two-rube lens 双筒透镜two-slit diffraction 双缝衍射two-stage electron image converter 二级电子变像管two-stage electrostatic image intensifier 二级静电像增强器two-stage parametric 二阶参量two-step photoionization 二级光电离two-step roman scatter 二级喇曼散射two-way radio 收发报机two-way valve 两通阀twofold axis 二重轴twofold axis of symmetry 二重对称轴twyman interferometer 特外曼干涉仪twyman-green interferometer 特外曼–格临干涉仪twystron 行波速调管tyndal scattering 廷德尔散射typesetter 排字机typotron 高速字标管tywman green interferometers tywman green干涉仪。
2D数字伺服阀的简介_时梦
为了实际测得电-机械转换器及 2D 数字伺服阀的 频率特性，建立如图 4 的测试系统。 测试系统主要由液 压加载子系统、控制子系统和指令及记录子系统组成。 液压加载子系统主要由液压控制回路和所设计的样阀 组成；控制子系统主要由 2D 数字阀控制器组成，其主 要完成在指令信号作用下实现对步进电动机运动进行 控制；指令及记录子系统主要由信号发生器、记忆示波 器和工控机组成， 信号发生器主要发出实验时所需要 的信号，记忆示波器主要记录信号发生器发出的信号、 激光位移传感器测得的阀芯位移的信号以及电机转子 角位移信号 （该信号由固定在电机转子上的角位移传 感器— ——AS5045 芯片所检测）。
图 1 2D 数字伺服阀的示意图
1.1 2D 伺服阀阀体 2D 伺服阀的结构原理图如图 2 所示。 图 2 中，P 口
为进油口，T1 口和 T2 口为回油口，A 口和 B 口为负载 口。 阀右腔通过小孔 b、阀芯杆内通道和小孔 a 与进油 口 P 相通，进油口压力为系统压力，即阀右腔压力为系 统压力，右腔面积为左敏感腔面积的一半。 左腔的压力 由开设在阀芯左端台肩上的一对高低压孔和开设于阀 芯孔左端的螺旋槽相交的两个微小弓形面积串联的液 压阻力半桥控制。 静态时，若不考虑摩擦力和阀口液动 力的影响，阀左敏感腔的压力为右腔压力的一半，阀芯 轴向处于平衡状态，此时，螺旋槽与高低压孔相交的弓 形面积相等。 工作时，在控制器的控制下，步进电机通 过齿轮传动机构驱动阀芯转过一定的角度， 若阀芯以 逆时针（面对阀芯伸出杆）方向旋转，螺旋槽与高压孔 相交的弓形面积增大， 而与低压孔相交的弓形面积减 小，从而导致阀左敏感腔压力增大，阀芯两腔产生的压 力差推动阀芯轴向向右运动， 此运动的结果使得螺旋 槽与高低压孔相交的弓形面积又重新相等， 左敏感腔 的压力恢复为右腔压力的一半， 阀芯恢复轴向平衡状 态；若阀芯以顺时针方向旋转，则变化相反。 在 2D 阀 中，阀芯的轴向运动由液压静压力驱动，因此实现阀芯 转角与轴向位移（主阀开口）转换的导控结构也称为液 压伺服螺旋机构。 从结构原理和工作原理可以看出 2D 伺服阀为双极位置反馈液压流量伺服阀。
2D electrophoresis
1. 9M urea (or 7M urea + 2M
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thiourea)
2. 4% CHAPS
3. 1% DTT
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4. 0.8% carrier ampholyte
5. 0.02% bromophenol blue.
6. Protease inhibitor
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sample處理
先以pH7.4 Tris-HCl清洗生物樣品(組織 或細胞)去除干擾物質其步驟如下: • 將生物樣品浸泡於Tris-HCl •以震盪器震盪約一分鐘 •離心(25℃ 2000g 15分鐘 )後去上層液 體 •再重複上述三步驟一次
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2-DE are in denaturing condition
Three components must present in 2-DE denaturing condition (namely, in IEF lysis buffer); It usually neutral condition
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Native gel electrophoresis polypeptides retain their higher-order structure and often retain enzymatic activity and interaction with other polypeptides migration of proteins depends on many factors, including size, shape, and native charge. • native gels omit (刪去) the SDS and reducing agent (DTT) • do not put SDS or DTT in the sample buffer • do not heat the samples • prepare the gel and tank buffer solutions without SDS.
Maxwell 2D简介
Maxwell 2D是一个功能强大、结果精确、易于使用的二维电磁场有限元分析软件，一般在电磁物体满足轴向均匀或RZ对称的条件下采用。
Maxwell 2D采用图形化的设计界面，使用Maxwell 2D可以直观、快捷地进行电磁场的仿真。
Maxwell 2D具有强大的后处理能力，在仿真结束之后，用户可以通过后处理工具对得到的数据进行多种分析。
Maxwell 2D的主要功能如下：1 二维交流磁场Maxwell 2D的交流磁场模块能求解受涡流、集肤效应、邻近效应影响的系统。
它求解的频率范围可以从0Hz到数百兆Hz。
应用范围覆盖母线、电机、变压器、绕组以及无损系统评估。
它能自动计算损耗、铁耗、不同频率所对应的阻抗、力、转矩、电感以及储能。
此外，还能给出整个相位的磁力线、B和H 的分布、电流分布以及能量密度等图形结果。
功率与铁耗可导入二维温度场作为耦合温度场的热源。
2 二维直流磁场利用Maxwell 2D 的直流磁场模块可用来分析由直流电流、永磁体以及外部激磁引起的磁场。
它适用于激励器、传感器、电机以及永磁体等。
分析的对象可包括非线性的BH曲线（如钢材、铁氧体以及永磁体），材料的各向异性和随位置变化等特性都包含其中。
该模块可自动计算力、转矩、电感和储能。
其他感兴趣的物理量可利用后处理器中集成的计算器从磁场计算结果中提取出。
此外后处理器还能绘制磁力线、B 和H 场分布、能量密度以及饱和程度图。
3 二维静电场Maxwell 2D静电场能用来分析由直流电压源、永久极化材料、高压绝缘体中的电荷/电荷密度、套管、断路器以及其他静态泄放装置所引起的电场。
材料类型包括各种绝缘体（各向异性及特性随位置变化的材料）以及理想导体。
该模块能自动计算力、转矩、电容、以及储能等参数。
其余物理量可利用强大的磁场计算器从场的结果中获得。
后处理功能包括了等压线绘制、D 场和E 场以及能量密度等图形结果。
4 二维瞬态场Maxwell 2D的瞬态模块可以方便的求解某些牵涉到运动和任意波形的电压、电流源激励的装备。
Maxwell 软件培训—2D静电场
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2DVelocity_model
Introduction to the use of 2D-velocity models within REFLEXWA 2D-velocity model will be used for different applications:•migration•time-depth conversion•CMP-stacking•NMO-correctionDepending on your data different methods for creating a 2D-velocity model are suitable.A layered model may be useful if distinct reflections are visible whereas a more smooth velocity model might be a good choice if only diffractions are present. It is possible to extract the velocity informations from the data to be processed (e.g. ZO data with diffractions for a subsequent migration or single shot data for a subsequent stacking) or from totally different data (e.g. refraction data). Therefore different methods for creating a 2D-velocity field are implemented wihin Reflexw:•interactive velocity analysis of zero offset data•CMP velocity analyis•layer picking within zero offset data•interactive model generation based on seismic refraction data•tomographic inversionZO (zero offset)-data2D-rasterfile containing mean velocities by spatial interpolationTime-depth conversionMigration 1. 2D-model from the interactive diffraction analysis-> single mean velocity points from which a 2D-mean velocity model is created by spatial interpolationstep by step guide:•load the ZO-profile •activate the option velocity adaptation •choose and adapt the wanted diffractions or use the coredata adaptation •save the adaptations on file •click on 2D and enter a rasterfilename (optional)•activate within the processing migration menu any of the 2D migrations or the timedepth conversion•choose hyperb.adaptation (creates automatically a 2D-rasterfile) or rasterfile mean if you manually created a rasterfile using the option 2D•perform the processing - the hyperb.adaptation file or the mean rasterfile will be queried.CMP (1D)-velocity analysisCMP-stacking Time-depth conversionNMO-correction Migration 2. 2D-model from CMP velocity analysis-> single 1D-layer models from which a 2D layer velocity model is created by spatial interpolationstep by step guide for shot data (for a detailed description of the CMP-geometry and stacking see the seismic reflection guide)•load the single shot data (all shots must have been stored within one single file)•activate the option CMP and choose the wanted ensembles for the velocity analysis •enter the velocity analysis and create the 1D-models for the chosen ensembles•enter the 2D-model panel and create the 2D-model (2dm-file). If a rasterfilename has been entered this Reflexw rasterfile can be used later for stacking•close the velocity analysis menu and activate load 2D-model. Activate for filetype 2D-models if you want to load the created 2D-model (spatial interpolation will be done automatically). The filetype Reflexw rasterfile mean allows you to load the already rastered mean velocityfile when creating the 2D-model.•perform the stacking or the nmo correctionstep by step guide for ZO-data and additional single CMP-data•enter the CMP(1D)-velocity analysis menu load the single CMP data•create the 1D-model for the choosen CMP and enter the shot and model position•load the next CMP and create the next 1D-model together with the correct shot and model position•enter the 2D-model panel and create the 2D-model (2dm-file). If a rasterfilename has been entered this Reflexw rasterfile can be used later for migration or timedepth conversion •close the velocity analysis menu and enter the 2D-analysis module•activate within the processing migration menu any of the 2D migrations or the timedepth conversion•choose CMP-analysis (creates automatically a 2D-rasterfile) or rasterfile mean for the already rastered mean velocityfile when creating the 2D-model.•perform the processing - the hyperb.adaptation file or the mean rasterfile will be queried.2D-rasterfile containing layer velocities by spatial interpolationMigration Time-depth conversion3. 2D-model from the layershow (picked interfaces)-> Reflexw layer rasterfilestep by step guide:•load the ZO data within the 2D-dataanalysis•activate pick and pick the interfaces and store each interface on a separate file with thevelocity above the interface (layernumber must increase with depth)•pick and save a last horizontal layer at the max. traveltime or a little bit less by setting onepick at the profilestart and another pick at the profileend and use the option interpolate (the interface will be continuous). Use for velocity the velocity of the lowermost layer•enter the layershow and create the layershow using the pickfiles (option layer pick vel.within the velocity choice panel must be chosen).•click on export and activate the option generate Reflexw rasterfile, click on start•close the layershow panel and activate within the processing migration menu any of the 2Dmigrations or the timedepth conversion•choose rasterfile layer for the already rastered layer velocityfile•perform the processing - the layer rasterfile will be queried. menuInteractive model generation ZO (zero offset)-data4. 2D-model from the modelling menu, e.g. from refraction data-> Reflexw layer rasterfile which will be used for a different dataset like a zero offset file for subsequent processingstep by step guide:•enter the model generation menu•create manually a 2D-velocity depth model or generate the model from seismic refraction data or from single 1D-models•enter a rasterfilename and activate the option fill•close the model generation menu and load the different dataset (either ZO-data or single shot data)single shot data:•load the single shot data and activate the option CMP•choose the wanted ensembles for the stacking•activate load 2D-model - choose for filetype Reflexw rasterfile layer for the already rastered layer velocityfile•perform the stacking or the nmo correctionzero offset data:•load zero offset data and activate within the processing migration menu any of the 2D migrations or the timedepth conversion•choose rasterfile layer for the already rastered layer velocityfile•perform the processing - the layer rasterfile will be queried2D-rasterfile containing mean velocitiesshot data (prestack)Time-depth conversion NMO-correction CMP-stacking Migration 5. 2D-model from tomography-> Reflexw mean rasterfile which will be used for a different dataset like a zero offset file for subsequent processingstep by step guide:•enter the model generation menu•perform a transmission or refraction tomography•close the model generation menu and load the different dataset (either ZO-data or single shot data)single shot data:•load the single shot data and activate the option CMP•choose the wanted ensembles for the stacking•activate load 2D-model - choose for filetype Reflexw rasterfile mean for the tomographic model•perform the stacking or the nmo correctionzero offset data:•load zero offset data and activate within the processing migration menu any of the 2D migrations or the timedepth conversion•choose rasterfile mean for the tomographic model•perform the processing - the mean rasterfile will be queried。