201306-2听力原文+答案
2013年6月英语四级真题听力原文及答案解析
2013年6月英语四级真题听力短文原文2013年6月大学英语四级考试Part III Listening Comprehension长对话答案+解析Conversation1【听力原文】W:Good afternoon,Mr.Jones.I am Teresa Chen,and I’ll be interviewing you.How are you today?M:I am fine,thank you.And you,Miss Chen?Good,Thanks.W:Can you tell me something about your experiences in this kind of work?M:Well,for several years,I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit,Michigan.Now I work part time because I also go to school at night.I’m getting a business degree.W:Oh,how interesting.Tell me,why do you want to leave your present job?M:I’ll finish school in a few months,and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W:And why would you like to work for our company?M:Because I know your company’s work,and I like it.W:Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M:Of course,I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish.I used to take classes in Spanish at the local nd I like travelling a lot.W:Can you give me any references?M:Yes,certainly.You can talk to Mr.McCaw,my boss,at the Brownstone Company.I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers.W:All right,Mr.Jones,and would you like to ask me any questions?M:Yes,I wonder when I’ll be informed about my application for the job?W:Well,we’ll let you know as soon as possible.Let’s stay in touch.Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M:Thank you.Questions19-22are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What does the man say about his working experience?20.Why does the man want to leave his present job?21.What is the man interested in?22.What question did the man ask the woman?【总评】这是一篇以面试为场景的听力对话。
英语六级201306-2听力原文+答案
听力短对话11.W: I was shocked to hear ofyour wife's illness. Isshe going to be all ri ght?M: At first, the doctors weren'tsure, but she'sreally improved. She'll b e home next week.Q: What do we learn about theman's wife from the conversation?12.M: Excuse me, can I get aticket for a sleeping compartment on this tra in?W: Yes, there are four left. Theprice is ￡60 per person including aco ntinental breakfast.Q: What is the man doing?13.M: Janet, here's the book Iborrowed from you, but I'm so sorry that I can't find its jacket.W: It doesn't matter. Anyway, youare one of the few people who actu ally return books tome.Q: What does the woman imply?14.M: Lisa, have you been to thenew supermarket yet?W: Yes, and no. I went there lastSaturday for their grand opening sale , but I drove aroundthe parking lot fornearly an hour, looking for a space before I finally gave up and came home.Q: What does the woman mean?15.W: You've been sitting at thecomputer for hours. Let’s take a coffee b reak, shall we?M: I wish I could. You know, I'mup to my neck in work. I've got to fi nish this report. I don'twant to miss thedeadline.Q: What does the man mean?16.M: What do you think of thisgallery space? They offer to let me exhi bit some of mypaintings here.W: Are you kidding? Any artstudent I know would die to have an exh ibition here.Q: What can we infer from theconversation?17.W: Gary, my assistant is inhospital now. Is there anyone in your depa rtment who could givea hand for afew days?M: I think so. I'll ask aroundand get back to you.Q: What do we learn from theconversation?18.W: Did you read the articlein the paper about the mayor's speech at th e economic forum?M: Sure I did, but I think theytwisted the meaning of what he said. It's not the first time forthem to do so.Q: What does the man say about the paper's article?听力长对话原文1Conversation OneW: Oh, hello, John. Are you usingyour dictatingmachine this morning ? I've got a long report I must dictate. CanI borrow your machine?M: Of course. But can you spareme a second?It's the message you sen t me about the delivery delay of thecontrol desks. What's gonewrong?W: Everything, John. We have toget the steel sheets we need for these desks from newsuppliers. Well, the suppliers have got some troubleor ot her. They say they will be a bit latewith the delivery.M: But they can't be. Those controldesks are a special order. They are wanted for one ofthe big computercompanies. It's a very important contr act.W: When did we promise thedelivery?M: On Thursday next week. Andthere's a penalty clause. We stand to lose 10 percent ofour price for eachweek of overdue delivery.W: Oh, these penalty clauses! Whydid you sales people accept them?M: We have to accept them;otherwise, we don't get the contracts.W: Well, let's get on to theBuying Department. I only heard about the delay yesterdaybecause we kept theproduction line clear to handle these special sheets. It's a dreadfulnuisance.M: It will be more than anuisance if we don't meet on delivery date. I t will cost us a lot ofmoney.W: Keep calm, John. We canperhaps claim compensation from the st eel suppliers forfailure to deliver ontime. Then we will offset the penalty clause.M: Well, if you can.Questions 19 to 22 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.19. Why did the woman send themessage to the man?20. What does the woman say aboutthe new suppliers?21. How did the man get thecontracts?22. What does the woman suggest they do?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoM: Kathy, chaos theory seems tobe a branch of physics or mathemati cs. You are aneconomist, so how does itinfluence your work?W: Well, in several ways. I amresponsible for financial development programs in many partsof the world, soforecasting long range trends and making predictions on the basis ofpresentevidence is what I do. Chaos the ory was developed by scientists, trying toexplain the movement of the pla nets and the changes in environmentalconditions. Both of these thingsare also about making long-term predictions onthe basis of present evidence.M: Are many economists involvedin this field?W: An increasing number. In the1990s, many economists began to lo ok at chaos theory asa way of providingmodels for forecasting.M: What kind of"models" are we talking about here?W: Well, that's a good question,because the basic idea of chaos theor y is that there aren'tany"models" as such—there aren't guaranteed forms, but rather patternsof change indevelopment.M: Doesn't that mean thatforecasting is impossible?W: No, but it certainly makes itmore of a challenge.]Mandelbrot, wh o didthe experimentwith stock exchanges prices, for example, noted that althoughthe outcomes were variable,there were in fact certain constanc y. What we haveto do is make sure we know what theseare and take into account all thepossible variables.M: But do economics and financework in the same way as weather co nditions or the movement of planets?W: Well, no, of course not. Thereare certain underlying similarities. Butwe have to leavethem for the other time.Questions 23 to 25 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.23. What is the woman'sprofession?24. What was chaos theorysupposed to do when it was first formulate d?25. What are the speakers mainlytalking about?听力短文原文Passage OnePeople write to ask me if there'scorrelationbetween academic intellig ence and emotionalintelligence. My answeris no. You can have a high I Qand a high EQ, which, of course, is awinningcombination, or be high inone and low in the other. The best study was done atBellLabs in New Jers ey, a very high IQ place. They do research intodevelopment for thecomm unications industry. In a division of electronicengineers, who were design ing equipment so advanced that they work in teams ofup to 150, co-work ers and managers were asked to nominate the standouts thestars in produ ctivity and effectiveness. They came up with 10 or15 names, andthat gro up of stars was compared with everyone else. It turned out there wasnodif ference in IQ, no difference in academic qualifications, no difference iny ears on the job.The only difference was emotional intelligence. The stars were people who knew how to getalong, who knew how to motivate the mselves,usually the kind of people you like to hang outwith. When these people ran upagainst a technical problem, to which they'd have to turn to someone else foran answer, they'd e-mail and get an answer right away, b ecause they built upanetwork of people before they needed them. The oth er people would e-mail andwait up to twoweeks for an answer. So you ca n see how being good in theinterpersonal realm actually was adirect bene fit, even for effectivelypursuing a technical task.Questions 26 to 28 are based onthe passage you have just heard.26. What does the speaker sayabout Bell Labs?27. What characterizes the starsnominated at Bell Labs?28. What does the speaker saycontributes to effectively pursuing a tec hnical task?Passage TwoJ's (Biography of John Muir)—JohnMuir's own writings to bring read ers a life story of this remarkable man whodid so much to raise American 's awareness of environmental issues. AsAmerica'sfirst environmentalist , John Muir lived his life forever daring to undertakenewadventures. He s pent most of his days outdoors and had deep love for thewild lands. In the book, we meet John Muir as a youth fearlessly climbing theroof of his ho use. He captures birdsonly to let them go when he realizes thecruelty invo lved. He becomes an inventor and sells hisinventions in order toattend the university. As a young man, he began walking over tens ofthousandsof m iles during his lifetime, through the south to Florida, the west toCalifornia andnorth to Alaska, where readers are taken a long and particularlyhair-r aising adventure on alarge mass of floating ice. Muir's learning inobserv ation throughout his life led him to devote hislast years to preservingthe n atural environment. His writing and speaking raised the awareness of the importance of conservation and helped bring about our national parksyst em.Readers will feel they know John Muir after reading his story and ma y catch hispassionfor preserving the riches of our land. The other's portra yal of Muir'slife is a testimony to whatit means to be lifelong learners an d to use thatlearning to inform and bring about change.Questions 29 to 31 are based onthe passage you have just heard.29. What kind of book is thespeaker introducing?30. What do we learn about JohnMuir when he was young?31. What did John Muir intend todo through writing and speaking?Passage ThreeDisaster movies often portraycatastrophes that destroy, or at least thre aten to destroyearth's entirepopulation. In fact, a virus emerged in the 19 70s that could've been just d after a river that passes throug h the Congo, the Ebola virusoriginally manifested itself inthe interior of Africa in 1976. Two strains ofthe disease, with almost identical symptom s,affected humans—Ebola-Zaire andEbola-Sudan. The Sudan version wa s deadly enough, killing50% of those itinfected. However, Zaire, with its 90% mortality rate, was even worse.Theorigins, though not the cause of Ebola-Sudan, can be traced back to a singleindividual in aSudanese town. Ebola-Zaire seemed to erupt in over 50 villagessimultaneously. Both str ainsquickly invaded local hospitals when needlesharing and other unheal thy practices ensured therapid spreading of theinfection by bringing peop le into contact with contaminated body fluids.If thevirus had been capab le of spreading through the air, or if one infected personhadunknowingly entered a large population center, Ebola might have become aworldwide epidemic. However, soon after these fierce outbreaks, the virus diedout,at least temporarily.Ebola was so deadly and killed so quickly thatwithin a short period of time, there was no onearound to infect. Hospitalworkers in at least one case deserted their workplace in panic, thushaltingthe ad ministering of potentially unclean disease spreading injections, butEbola has notdisappeared. With no known vaccination or cure available, itsee ms only a matter of time untilanother epidemic erupts.Questions 32 to 35 are based onthe passage you have just heard.32. What is Ebola virus namedafter?33. What do we learn aboutEbola-Zaire and Ebola-Sudan?34. How do people get infectedwith the disease according to the speak er?35. What does the speaker believe?听力填空The ideal companion machinewould not onlylook, feel, and sound friend ly but would also beprogrammed tobehave in an agreeable manner.Those qualities that make interaction withotherpeople enjoyable would be sim ulated as closelyas possible, and the machinewould appear to be charmin g stimulating, and easygoing. Its informalconversational style would ma ke interaction comfortable, and yet the machine wouldremain slightly un predictable and thereforeinteresting. In its first encounterit might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as itcame to know the userit would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machinewould notbe a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information,an dopinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changi ng thetopic andwould have a personality of its own. The machine would c onveypresence. We have all seen howa computer’s use of personal names oftenfascinates people and needs them to treat themachine as if it were al mosthuman. Such features are easily written into the software. Byintrodu cing adegree of forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented as a vivid andunique character. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would bemore acceptable as a friend if it simulated the gradual changes that occur whenone person is gettingto know another. At an appr opriate time it might alsoexpress the kind of affection thatstimulates atta chment and intimacy.1-15 DCADC16-20 AABAC21-26 BBDBC26-30 DBADB31-35 CDABC36. qualities37. charming38. unpredictable39. encounter40. relaxed41. participant42. initiative43. personality44. often fascinates people andneeds them to treat the machine as if it were almost human45. By introducing a degree offorcefulness and humor, the machine c ould be presented as a vivid and uniquecharacter46. if it simulated the gradualchanges that occur when one person is g etting to knowanother。
2013年6月六级听力第二套
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SectionA注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
11．A)Take her to another hike．B)Go hiking again next week．C)Plananother rally for next week．D)Go to the rally when it takes place again．12．A) He is looking for a better employment in New York．B1 He’slooking forward to working in New York．C)Hehopes to work in the same place．D1 Heexpects his company to move to New York．13．A)Seeing a doctor．B)Having the dinner．C)Givinga lecture．D)Studying in some place．14．A)The man will be punished for his lateness．B)ProfessorLee is always punctual．C)Thewoman thinks that the man is playing a joke on her．D)Thewoman suggests the man give a watch to Professor Lee．15．A)Have a sound sleep right away．B)Try something less sweet．C)Visitthe College Board．D)See the campus．doctor．16．A)They are a bargain worth buying．B)They are of poor quality．C)Theyare available everywhere．D)They are over priced．17．A)He decided not to sell the piano．B)He found a place to store the piano．C)No onehas bought the piano．D)He'll post notices at local stores．18．A)It is going to be sunny with breeze．B)It is going to be cloudy with heavy wind．C)It isgoing to be hot，humid and gloomy．D)It is going to be very cold．Conversation One19．A)The one with the lowest price．B)The one from a famous maker．C)Theone that is on sale．D)He doesn't care about the price．20．A)A digital watch with the date and time．B)A distal watch with yellow gold platin9．C)Amechanical watch with a leather strap．D)A mechanical watch with a metal strap．21．Al The saleswoman writes words on the back of the watch for free．B)Theman feels surprised that the shop can do him a special favor．C)Theshop charges a little sum of money for this extra service．D)Thesaleswoman promises to finish writing the words in no time．22．A)Difficult to satisfy and full of demands．B)Polite but reluctant to spend money．C)Considerate，and loving his mother．D)Good at shopping but careless about money．ConversationTwo23．Al Her neighbors’son comes home late and wakes up her kids at night．B)Herneighbors often hold a party at home and make big noise．C1 Herneighbors' son keeps the radio in his car turned on all the night．D)Herneighbors have far too much pride and show unfriendliness．24．A)She is too weak to show her dissatisfaction．B)She is afraid of upsetting the relationship．C)Herfamily will move to a new place soon．D)Her communication skills are too poor．25．A)Give her neighbors a call and make her requests．B)Meet her neighbors and tell them her trouble．C)Reportthe incident to the police directly．D)Keep silent until she can't bear them any more．SectionB注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
2013年6⽉四级英语真题与听⼒原⽂及答案解析完整版2013年6⽉⼤学英语四级考试真题（标准卷）Total score: 710 Total time allowed: 125 minutes特注：2013年6⽉⼤学四级考试采⽤多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题，考⽣可以任选其⼀。
Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题1) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题2) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they’re heavy, with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’s limited budget, typically costing hundre ds of dollars every semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they’re basically stuck with a four pound paper-weight that they can’t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these shortcomings. But till now, they’ve been something li ke a mirage（幻影）in the distance, more like a hazy（模糊的）dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition（过渡）over to digital books. Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at the University of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooks just last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine’s medical program this fall. “They weren’t using it as a source of communication because they couldn’t read or write in it. So a third of the people in my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn’t caught on yet, he tells me, is that the fun ctionality of e-edition textbooks is incredibly limited, and some students just aren’t motivated to learn new study behavior.But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an updated version last week, and it’ll be utilized in over 50 undergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year.“Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he’s giving me a demo（演⽰）over coffee.“What I mean by that is the current perspective of th e digital textbook is it’s an exact copy of the print book. There’s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’s how we’re defining digital textbooks, there’s no hope of that becoming a mainstream product.”He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the ground up, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton.At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping（敲击）into the iPad app (应⽤软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through (浏览) afew chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks.“Publishers give us all of the source media, artwork, videos,” he says, “We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It’s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It’s clear why this would be something a music major would love.But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation（批注）system. Here’s how it works!When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner’s highlights and notes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to help improve your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).But with lnkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’s where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple lnkling users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebook friends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorted democratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in (插话) on discussions. They’ll be able to answer the questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook versions are constanly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs (the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as $2.99.There are, however, challenges.“It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it’s clear why.Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’t have such a luxury it’s an added layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won’t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distance?A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.1. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that _____. A)A) they are not reused once a new edition comes outB) they cost hundreds of dollars every semesterC) they are too heavy to carry aroundD) they take a longer time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A) It’s not likely t hey will replace traditional textbooks.B) They haven’t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C) Very few of them are available in the market.D) Many people still have difficulty using them.3. According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil because _____.A) they find it troublesome to take notes with an iPadB) they are unwilling to change their study behaviorC) they have get tired of reading on the iPadD) they are not used to reading on the screen4. Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart’s current digital textbooks is that _____.A) they have to be revised repeatedlyB) they are inconvenient to use in classC) they are different from most mainstream productsD) they are no more than print versions put on a screen5. Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of lnkling as _____.A) a good example of the mainstream productsB) a marvelous product of many creative ideasC) a platform for building multimedia contentD) a mere skeleton of traditional textbooks6. The author is most excited about lnkling’s notation system because one can_____.A) share his learning experience with the best and brightest thinkersB) participate in discussions with classmates and Facebook friendsC) vote for the best learners democraticallyD) store information on the cloud7. One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that _____.A) students can switch to different discussions at any pointB) students can download relevant critical commentsC) professors can join in students’ online discussionsD) professors can give prompt feedback to students’ homework8. One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of _____.9. One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high ______ of the hardware.10. According to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still _____.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12. A) Fitness training. B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming. D) Directorship of the club.13. A) He needs to buy a new sweater. B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed. D) The hea ting system doesn’t work.14. A) Committing theft. B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping. D) Posing for the camera.15. A) She is taking some medicine. B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man’s advice. D) She has almost recovered from the cough.16. A) Pamela’s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D) Pamela’s mistakes could have been avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office. B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room. D) At an airport.18. A) She was an excellent student at college. B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech. D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer’s latest fashion show.C) Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D) Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20. A) Her travel to Japan.B) The awards ceremony.C) The proper hairstyle for her new role.D) When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Romero’s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Make an appointment for an interview.B) Send in an application letter.C) Fill in an application form.D) Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23. A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B) Someone experienced in business management.C) Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D) Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24. A) Travel opportunities.B) Handsome pay.C) Prospects for promotion.D) Flexible working hours.25. A) It depends on the working hours.B) It’s about 500 pound a week.C) It will be set by the Human Resources.D) It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B) To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C) To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D) To give space for more profitable products.27. A) On the top shelves.B) On the bottom shelves.C) On easily accessible shelves.D) On clearly marked shelves.28. A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D) Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29. A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B) Sales assistants following customers around.C) Customers competing for good bargains.D) Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B) Doing research in an institute.C) Studying for a college degree.D) Working in a high-tech company.31. A) He studied the designs of various choices.B) He did experiments to different materials.C) He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D) He asked different people for their opinions.32. A) Its automatic mechanism.B) Its manufacturing pattern.C) Its way of waking people up.D) Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’t require any special attention.C) It usually appears all of a sudden.D) It usually lasts for several years.34. A) They can’t mix w ell with others.B) They emotionally receive their friends.C) They depend severely on family members.D) They share similar interests with friends.35. A) They lack consistent support from peers.B) They doubt their own popularity.C) They were born psychologically weak.D) They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36)________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39)________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40) ________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) ________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ___________ _________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ___________________________________________________ _________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the 47 risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get 48 benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important 49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and 50 bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, 51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are 52 important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are 53 , and simple flexibility training can 54 these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ll get an idea of how natural it is. The g eneral 55 is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to 56 stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity（肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and mor e access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people’s behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At su permarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realized.58. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.60. What is the purpose of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.61. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to “complacency(⾃满) ,” that explanation doesn’t acknow-ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film —and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was blin d to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan’s Fuji photo.64. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak’s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak’s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo’s emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡）habit is a smart, healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to cope 69 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 70 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 71 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 72 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying 73 heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.Of course, napping isn’t74 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 75 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze （⼩睡）can 77 creativity.According to /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html , you 78 a natural dip in body temperature 79 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness 80 several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t81 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html 82 snappingon the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less83 to snooze for too long.Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 84 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking 85 that puts babies to sleep works 86 for grown-ups, too.67. A) enforce B) promote C) operate D) support68. A) feeling B) frame C) sense D) mind69. A) with B) aside C) about D) upon70. A) remark B) consider C) remember D) concern71. A) reportedly B) incredibly C) constantly D) frankly72. A) regularly B) enormously C) heavily D) strongly73. A) off B) under C) against D) from。
2013年6月CET6 真题(第二套) 快速阅读+听力原文+阅读理解
2013年6月CET6 真题（第二套）快速阅读+听力原文+阅读理解Part IA smile is the shortest distance between two peoplePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Welcome,Freshmen. Have an iPod.Taking a step that many professors may view as a bit counterproductive, some colleges and universities are doling out Apple iPhones and Internet-capable iPods to their students.The always-on Internet devices raise some novel possibilities, like tracking where students gather together. With far less controversy, colleges could send messages about canceled classes, delayed buses, campus crises or just the cafeteria menu.While schools emphasize its usefulness —online research in class and instant polling of students, for example — a big part of the attraction is, undoubtedly, that the iPhone is cool and a hit with students. Being equipped with one of the most recent cutting-edge IT products could just help a college or university foster a cutting-edge reputation.Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumers with decades of technology pur-chases ahead of them. The lone losers, some fear, could be professors.Students already have laptops and cell phones, of course, but the newest devices can take class distractions to a new level. They practically beg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor strug-gling to pass on accumulated wisdom from the front of the room — a prospect that teachers find most irritating and students view as, well, inevitable.“When it gets a little boring, I might pull it out,” acknowle dged Naomi Pugh, a first-year student at Freed-Hardeman University in Henderson, Term., referring to her new iPod Touch, which can connect to the Internet over a campus wireless network. She speculated that professors might try even harder to make classes interesting if they were to compete with the devices.Experts see a movement toward the use of mobile technology in education, though they say it is in its infancy as professors try to come up with useful applications. Providing powerful hand-held devices is sure to fuel debates over the role of technology in higher education.“We think this is the way the future is going to work,” said Kyle Dickson, co-director of re-search and the mobile learning initiative at Abilene Christian University in Texas, which has bought more than 600 iPhones and 300 iPods for students entering this fall.Although plenty of students take their laptops to class, they don’t take them everywhere and would prefer something lighter. Abilene Christian settled on the devices after surveying students and finding that they did not like hauling around their laptops, but that most of them always carried a cell phone, Dr. Dickson said.It is not clear how many colleges and universities plan to give out iPhones and iPods this fall; officials at Apple were unwilling to talk about the subject and said that they would not leak any institution’s plans.“We can’t announce other people’s news,”said Greg Joswiak, vice president of iPod and iPhone marketing at Apple. He also said that he could not discuss discounts to universities for bulk purchases.At least four institutions — the University of Maryland, Oklahoma Christian University, Abilene Christian and Freed-Hardeman — have announced that they will give the devices to some or all of their students this fall.Other universities are exploring their options. Stanford University has hired a student-run com-pany to design applications like a campus map and directory for the iPhone. It is considering whether to issue iPhones but not sure it, snecessary, noting that more than 700 iPhones were registered on the university’s network last year.At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, iPhones might already have been everywhere, if AT&T, the wireless carrier offering the iPhone in the United States, had a more reliable network, said Andrew Yu, mobile devices platform project manager at M.I.T.“We would have probably gone ahead with this, maybe just getting a thousand iPhones and giving them out,” Mr. Yusaid.The University of Maryland at College Park is proceeding cautiously, giving the iPhone or iPod Touch to 150 students, said Jeffrey Huskamp, vice president and chief information officer at the university. “We don’t think that we have all the answers,” Mr. Huskamp said. By observing how st udents use the gadgets, he said, “We’re trying to get answers from the students.”At each college, the students who choose to get an iPhone must pay for mobile phone service. Those service contracts include unlimited data use. Both the iPhones and the iPod Touch devices can connect to the Internet through campus wireless networks. With the iPhone, those networks may provide faster connections and longer battery life than A T&T’s data network. Many cell phones allow users to surf the Web, but only some newer ones are capable of wireless connection to the local area computer network.University officials say that they have no plans to track their students (and Apple said it would not be possible unless students give their permission). They say that they are drawn to the prospect of learning applications outside the classroom, though such lesson plans have yet to surface.“My colleagues and I are studying something called augmented reality (a field of computer research dealing with the combination of real-world a nd virtual reality),” said Christopher Dede, professor in learning technologies at Harvard University. “Alien Contact,” for example, is an exer-cise developed for middle-school students who use hand-held devices that can determine their location. As they walk around a playground or other area, text, video or audio pops up at various points to help them try to figure out why aliens were in the schoolyard.“You can imagine similar kinds of interactive activities along historical lines,” like following the Fre edom Trail in Boston, Professor Dede said. “It’s important that we do research, so that we know how well something like this works.”The rush to distribute the devices worries some professors, who say that students are less likely to participate in class if they are multi-tasking. “I’m not someone who’s anti-technology, but I,m always worried that technology becomes an end in and of itself, and it replaces teaching or it replaces analysis,,’ said Ellen Millender, associate professor of classics at Reed Coll ege in Portland, Ore. (She added that she hoped to buy an iPhone for herself once prices fall.)Robert Summers, who has taught at Cornell Law School for about 40 years, announced this week — in a detailed, footnoted memorandum —that he would ban laptop computers from his class on contract law.“I would ban that too if I knew the students were using it in class,” Professor Summers said of the iPhone, after the device and its capabilities were explained to him. “What we want to encourage in these students is an active intellectual experience, in which they develop the wide range of complex reasoning abilities required of good lawyers.”The experience at Duke University may ease some concerns. A few years ago, Duke began giving iPods to students with the idea that they might use them to record lectures (these older models could not access the Internet).“We had assumed that the biggest focus of these devices would be consuming the content,” said Tracy Futhey, vice president for information technology and chief information officer at Duke. But that is not all that the students did. They began using the iPods to create their own “content,” making audio recordings of themselves and presenting them. The students turned what could have been a passive interaction into an active one, Ms. Futhey said.1. Many professors think that giving out Apple iPhones or Internet-capable iPods to studentsA) updates teaching facilities in universitiesB) has started a revolution in higher educationC) can facilitate teacher-student interactionD) may not benefit education as intended2. In the author’s view, being equipped with IT products may help colleges and universitiesA) build an innovative imageB) raise their teaching efficiencyC) track students’ activitiesD) excite student interest in hi-tech3. The distribution of iPhones among students has raised concerns that they will_________ .A) induce students to buy more similar productsB) increase tension between professors and studentsC) further distract students from class participationD) prevent students from accumulating knowledge4. Naomi Pugh at Freed-Hardeman University speculated that professors would_________ .A) find new applications for iPod Touch devicesB) have to work harder to enliven their classesC) have difficulty learning to handle the devicesD) find iPhones and iPods in class very helpful5. Experts like Dr. Kyle Dickson at Abilene Christian University think that________ .A) mobile technology will be more widely used in educationB) the role of technology in education cannot be overestimatedC) mobile technology can upgrade professors’ teaching tool-kitD) iPhones and iPods will replace laptops sooner or later6. What do we learn about the University of Maryland at College Park concerning the use of iPhones and iPods?A) It has sought professors’ opinions.B) It has benefited from their use.C) It is trying to follow the trend.D) It is proceeding with caution.7. University officials claim that they dole out iPhones and iPods so as to_________ .A) encourage professors to design newer lesson plansB) help improve professor-student relationshipsC) facilitate students’ learning outside of classD) stimulate students’ interest in updating techno logy8. Ellen Millender at Reed College in Portland is concerned that technology will take the place of_____.9.Professor Robert Summers at Cornell Law School banned laptop computers from his class because he thinks qualified lawyers need to possess a broad array of_____.10.The experience at Duke University may ease some concerns because the students have used iPods for active_____.【参考答案】：1. D. may not benefit education as intended2. A. build an innovative image3. C. further distract students from class participation4. B. have to work harder to enliven their classes5. A. mobile technology will be more widely used in education6. D. It is proceeding with caution.7. C. facilitate students’ learning outside of class8. teaching or analysis9. complex reasoning abilities required of good lawyers10. InteractionPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A 短对话11.W: What's wrong with your phone, Gary? I tried to call you all night yesterday.M: I'm sorry. No one's able to get through yesterday. My telephone was disconnected by the phone company.Q: What does the woman ask the man about?12.W: I finally found a really nice apartment that's within my price range.M: Congratulations! Affordable housing is rare in this city. I've been looking for a suitable place since I got here six months ago.Q: What does the man mean?13.M: I got this in my mailbox today, but I don't know what it is. Do you have any idea?W: Oh, that's your number for the new photocopier. It acquires an access code. Everyone got one. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: Jane told me that you'll be leaving at soon. Is it true?M: Yeah, my wife's maternity leave is close to an end. And since she wants to go back to work, I've decided to take a year off to raise the baby.Q: What does the man mean?15M: We'll never find a parking space here. What about dropping you at thesouth gate and I'll find parking somewhere else.W: Well, OK. It looks like everyone in town came to the mall today.Q: What does the woman mean?16W: When will the computers be back online?M: Probably not until tomorrow. The problem is more complicated than I thought.Q: What does the man mean?17M: Did you catch Professor Smith on TV last night?W: I almost missed it, but my mother just happened to be watching at home and gave me a call. Q: What does the woman imply?18M: May I get this prescription refilled?W: I'm sorry, sir, but we can't give you a refill on that. You'll have to get a new prescription.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Conversation OneW: Well, it’s the South Theater Company. They want to know if we’d be interested in sponsoring a tour they want to make to East Asia.M: East Asia? uhh… and how much are they hoping to get from us?W: Well, the letter mentions 20,000 pounds, but I don’t know if they might settle for us.M: Do they say what they would cover? Have they anything specific in mind?W: No, I think they are just asking all the firms in tongue for as much money as they think they’ll give.M: And we are worth 20, 000 pounds, right?W: It seems so.M: Very flattering. But I am not awfully happy with the idea. What we get out of it?W: Oh, good publicity I suppose. So what I suggest is not that we just give them a sum of money, but that we offer to pay for something specific like travel or something, and that in return, we ask for our name to be printed prominently in the program, and that they give us free advertising space in it.M: But the travel bill would be enormous, and we could never manage that.W: I know. But why don’t we offer to pay for the printing of the programs ourselves on condition that on the front cover there's something like This program is presented with the compliments of Norland Electronics, and free advertising of course.M: Good idea. Well, let’s get b ack to them and ask what the program they want will cost. Then we can see if we are interested or not.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the South Theater Company?20. What benefit does the woman say their firm can get by sponsoring the Theater Company?21. What does the woman suggest they do instead of paying the South Theater Company’s travel expenses?Conversation TwoW: Rock stars now face a new hazard --- voice abuse. After last week's announcement that Phil Collins might give up touring because live concerts are ruining his voice, doctors are counseling stars about the dos and don'ts of voice care. Here in the studio today, we have Mr. Paul Phillips, an expert from the High Field Hospital. Paul, what advice would you give to singers facing voice problems?M: If pop singers have got voice problems, they really need to be more selective about where they work. They shouldn't work in smoky atmospheres. They also need to think about resting their voices after a show. Something else they need to be careful about is medicines. Aspirin, for example, singers should avoid aspirin. It thins the blood. And if a singer coughs, this can result inthe bruising of the vocal cords.W: And is it true that some singers use drugs before concerts to boost their voices when they have voice problems?M: Yes, this does happen on occasion. They are easily-available on the continent and they are useful if a singer has problems with his vocal cords and has to sing that night. But if they are taken regularly, they cause a thinning of the voice muscle. Most pop singers suffer from three things: lack of training, overuse and abuse of the voice, especially when they are young. They have difficult lives. When they go on tour, they do a vast number of concerts, singing in smoky places.W: So, what would you advise the singers to do?M: Warm you voice up before a show and warm it down after.Questions 22-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. What does last week's announcement say about rock star, Phil Collins?23. What does Paul Philips say about aspirin?24. What does Paul Philips say about young pop singers?25. What are the speakers mainly talking about?Passage 1Would you trust a robot to park your car? The question will confront New Yorkers in February as the city's first robotic parking opens in Chinatown.The technology has been successfully applied overseas, but the only other public robotic garage in the United States has been troublesome, dropping vehicles and trapping cars because of technical problems.Nonetheless, the developers of the Chinatown garage are confident with the technology and are counting on it to squeeze 67 cars in an apartment-building basement that would otherwise fit only 24, accomplished by removing a maneuver space normally required.A human-shaped robot won't be stepping into your car to drive it. Rather, the garage itself does the parking. The driver stops the car on a flat platform and gets out. The platform is lowered into the garage, and it is then transported to a vacant parking space by a computer-controlled device similar to an elevator that also runs sideways.There is no human supervision, but an attendant will be on hand to accept cash and explain the system to newly users. Parking rates will be attracted about $400 monthly or $25 per day, according to Ari Milstein, the director of planning for Automation Parking Systems, which is the U.S. subsidiary of a German company. This company has built automated garages in several countries overseas and in the United States for residents of a Washington, D.C. apartment building.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about the robot parking in the U.S. so far?27. What advantage does robotic parking have according to the developers?28. What does the attendant do in the automated garage?29. What does the company say about the parking rate?Passage 2A recent study shows that meat consumption is one of the main ways that human can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicles. So how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all animals, such as cows, pigs and sheep, always gas limed methane, which is the second most common green house gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that methane is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane that released into the atmosphere coming from farm animals. Another way in which meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef. While 20 gallons of water are need to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland use to for raising cows can produce 250 pounds of beef. One acre of farmland use to for crop production can produce 1,500 pounds of tomatoes. Many people now say the benefits of switching to vegetarian diet which excludes meat and fish. Not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian diet. They believe such a diet which includes no products from animal sources can be deficient in many of the necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need. Today many people have come to realize that help the environment and for the human race to survive, more of us will need to become vegetarian.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you've just heard.30. What does the recent study show?31. What do some nutritionists say about the strict vegetarian diet?32. What does the speaker think more people need to do?Passage 3Alcoholism is a serious disease. Nearly nine million Americans alone suffer from the illness. Many scientists disagree about what the differences are between the alcohol addict and social drinker. The difference occurs when someone needs to drink. And this need gets in the way of his health or behavior. Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness. After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. The illness is dangerous, because it is involved in half of all automobile accidents. Another problem is that the victim often denies being an alcohol addic t and won’t get help. Solutions do exist. Many hospitals and centers help patients cope. Without the assistance, the victim can destroy his life. He would detach himself from the routines of life. He may lose his employment, home or loved ones.All the causes of the sickness are not discovered yet. There is no standard for a person with alcoholism. Victims range in age, race, sex and background. Some groups of people are morevulnerable to the illness. People from broken homes and North American Indians are two examples. People from broken homes often lack stable lives. Indians likewise had the traditional life taken from them by white settlers who often encourage them to consume alcohol to prevent them from fighting back. The problem has now been passed on. Alcoholism is clearly present in society today. People have started to get help and information. With proper assistance, victims can put their lives together one day.Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33. What is the problem of the victims about alcoholism according to the speaker?Q34. Why did white settlers introduce alcohol to Indians?Q35. What does the speaker seem to believe about those affected by alcoholism?复合式听写Self-image is the picture you have of yourself, the sort of person you believe you are. Included in your self-image are the categories in which you place yourself, the roles you play and other similar descriptors you use to identify yourself. If you tell an acquaintance you are a grandfather who recently lost his wife and who does volunteer work on weekends, several elements of your self-image are bought to light — the roles of grandparent, widower and conscientious citizen.But self-image is more than how you picture yourself; it also involves how others see you. Three types of feedback from others are indicative of how they see us: conformation, rejection, and disconfirmation. Conformation occurs when others treat you in a manner consistent with who you believe you are.You believe you have leadership abilities and your boss put you in charge of a new work team. On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with yourself definition. Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his first election. He thought he was a good public official, but the voters obviously thought otherwise— Their vote was inconsistent with his self-concept. The third type of feedback is disconfirmation, which occurs when others fail to respond to your notion of self by responding neutrally. A student writes what he thinks is an excellent composition, but the teacher writes no encouraging remarks. Rather than relying on how others classify you, consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify yourself is the best refection of yourself-image.Part IV Reading ComprehensionSection AQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Oil is the substance that lubricates the world's economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The “energy crisis” of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect U.S. government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.By 1973, domestic U.S. sources of oil. were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973，the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC’s d esire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to U.S. support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo (禁运) created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortages drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.In response to the embargo, the U.S. government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources (such as those on Alaska’s North Slope), res uming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month’s supply.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2013年6月六级真题(第2套)英语六级听力原文
[ti:0][ar:0][al:0][by:0][offset:0][00:02.95]College English Test (Band 6)[00:05.69]Part Listening Comprehension[00:09.04]Section A[00:10.72]Directions: In this section,[00:13.09]you will hear 8 short conversations[00:15.90]and 2 long conversations.[00:19.21]At the end of each conversation,[00:22.02]one or more questions will be asked[00:24.11]about what was said.[00:26.33]Both the conversation and the questions[00:29.09]will be spoken only once.[00:31.98]After each question there will be a pause.[00:35.65]During the pause,[00:37.01]you must read the four choices[00:38.94]marked A), B), C) and D),[00:42.10]and decide which is the best answer.[00:46.36]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1[00:50.38]with a single line through the centre.[00:53.70]Now lets begin with the eight short conversations.[00:59.36]1. W: I was shocked to hear of your wife's illness.[01:04.12]Is she going to be all right?[01:06.35]M: At first, the doctors weren't sure,[01:08.48]but she's really improved.[01:10.29]She'll be home next week.[01:13.05]Q: What do we learn[01:14.21]about the man's wife from the conversation?[01:33.76]2. M: Excuse me,[01:34.87]can I get a ticket for a sleeping compartment on this train? [01:38.81]W: Yes, there are four left.[01:40.67]The price is 60 per person including a continental breakfast. [01:46.69]Q: What is the man doing?[02:05.38]3. M: Janet, here's the book I borrowed from you,[02:07.59]but I'm so sorry that I can't find its jacket.[02:11.05]W: It doesn't matter.[02:11.96]Anyway, you are one of the few people[02:14.26]who actually return books to me.[02:17.46]Q: What does the woman imply?[02:35.11]4. M: Lisa, have you been to the new supermarket yet?[02:40.06]W: Yes, and no.[02:41.97]I went there last Saturday for their grand opening sale,[02:45.89]but I drove around the parking lot for nearly an hour,[02:50.02]looking for a space before I finally gave up and came home. [02:54.71]Q: What does the woman mean?[03:12.17]5. W: You've been sitting at the computer for hours.[03:16.11]Let's take a coffee break, shall we?[03:19.18]M: I wish I could. You know, I'm up to my neck in work.[03:22.86]I've got to finish this report.[03:25.15]I don't want to miss the deadline.[03:27.70]Q: What does the man mean?[03:44.62]6. M: What do you think of this gallery space?[03:48.87]They offer to let me exhibit some of my paintings here.[03:52.70]W: Are you kidding?[03:53.95]Any art student I know would die to have an exhibition here. [03:59.07]Q: What can we infer from the conversation?[04:17.47]7. W: Gary, my assistant is in hospital now.[04:22.16]Is there anyone in your department[04:23.58]who could give a hand for a few days?[04:25.86]M: I think so. I'll ask around and get back to you.[04:29.59]Q: What do we learn from the conversation?[04:47.37]8. W: Did you read the article in the paper[04:50.70]about the mayor's speech at the economic forum?[04:53.88]M: Sure I did, but I think they twisted the meaning of what he said.[04:58.50]It's not the first time for them to do so.[05:02.06]Q: What does the man say about the paper's article?[05:20.11]Now you will hear the two long conversations.[05:25.22]Conversation One[05:27.28]W: Oh, hello, John. [05:28.55]Are you using your dictating machine this morning?[05:31.60]I've got a long report I must dictate.[05:33.93]Can I borrow your machine?[05:35.36]M: Of course. But can you spare me a second?[05:38.36]It's the message you sent me[05:40.41]about the delivery delay of the control desks.[05:42.84]What's gone wrong?[05:44.73]W: Everything, John.[05:45.77]We have to get the steel sheets we need[05:48.47]for these desks from new suppliers.[05:51.44]Well, the suppliers have got some trouble or other.[05:54.40]They say they will be a bit late with the delivery.[05:56.61]M: But they can't be.[05:59.52]Those control desks are a special order.[06:02.46]They are wanted for one of the big computer companies.[06:05.29]It's a very important contract.[06:08.50]W: When did we promise the delivery?[06:10.71]M: On Thursday next week.[06:12.69]And there's a penalty clause.[06:14.40]We stand to lose 10 percent of our price[06:16.86]for each week of overdue delivery.[06:19.89]W: Oh, these penalty clauses![06:22.20]Why did you sales people accept them?[06:24.98]M: We have to accept them; otherwise, we don't get the contracts. [06:29.92]W: Well, let's get on to the Buying Department.[06:32.83]I only heard about the delay yesterday[06:34.97]because we kept the production line clear[06:38.31]to handle these special sheets. It's a dreadful nuisance.[06:41.30]M: It will be more than a nuisance[06:43.05]if we don't meet on delivery date.[06:45.15]It will cost us a lot of money.[06:47.91]W: Keep calm, John. We can perhaps claim compensation from the steel suppliers[06:53.04]for failure to deliver on time.[06:55.73]Then we will offset the penalty clause.[06:59.02]M: Well, if you can.[07:02.12]Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation[07:05.19]you have just heard.[07:08.30]9. Why did the woman send the message to the man?[07:27.79]10. What does the woman say about the new suppliers?[07:48.33]11. How did the man get the contracts?[08:07.67]12. What does the woman suggest they do?[08:27.02]Conversation Two[08:29.19]M: Kathy, chaos theory seems to be[08:31.83]a branch of physics or mathematics.[08:33.53]You are an economist,[08:36.00]so how does it influence your work?[08:39.17]W: Well, in several ways.[08:40.66]I am responsible for financial development programs[08:43.92]in many parts of the world,[08:45.88]so forecasting long range trends[08:48.90]and making predictions on the basis of present evidence[08:51.68]is what I do.[08:53.07]Chaos theory was developed by scientists,[08:55.80]trying to explain the movement of the planets[08:58.26]and the changes in environmental conditions.[09:01.41]Both of these things are also about[09:03.26]making long-term predictions[09:05.61]on the basis of present evidence.[09:07.93]M: Are many economists involved in this field?[09:11.30]W: An increasing number.[09:12.84]In the 1990s,[09:14.74]many economists began to look at chaos theory[09:17.01]as a way of providing models for forecasting.[09:21.39]M: What kind of "models" are we talking about here?[09:25.15]W: Well, that's a good question,[09:27.06]because the basic idea of chaos theory is that[09:29.98]there aren't any "models" as such[09:32.36]there aren't guaranteed forms,[09:34.67]but rather patterns of change in development.[09:38.18]M: Doesn't that mean that forecasting is impossible?[09:41.51]W: No, but it certainly makes it more[09:43.81]of a challenge.[09:45.21]Mandelbrot,[09:46.32]who did the experiment with stock exchanges prices,[09:49.37]for example,[09:50.28]noted that although the outcomes were variable,[09:52.69]there were in fact certain constancy.[09:55.85]What we have to do is[09:57.39]make sure we know what these are[09:59.56]and take into account all the possible variables.[10:03.42]M: But do economics and finance work in the same way [10:06.41]as weather conditions or the movement of planets?[10:09.49]W: Well, no, of course not.[10:12.01]There are certain underlying similarities.[10:14.38]But we have to leave them for another time.[10:18.84]Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation[10:22.04]you have just heard.[10:25.03]13. What is the woman's profession?[10:44.28]14. What was chaos theory supposed to do[10:48.21]when it was first formulated?[11:05.47]15. What are the speakers mainly talking about?[11:25.29]Section B[11:26.98]Directions: In this section,[11:29.56]you will hear 3 short passages.[11:32.08]At the end of each passage,[11:33.64]you will hear some questions.[11:35.66]Both the passage and the questions[11:37.66]will be spoken only once.[11:39.67]After you hear a question,[11:41.13]you must choose the best answer[11:43.38]from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D)[11:47.78]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1[11:51.36]with a single line through the centre.[11:54.75]Passage One[11:56.33]People write to ask me[11:57.63]if there's correlation between academic intelligence[12:01.04]and emotional intelligence.[12:03.63]My answer is no.[12:05.38]You can have a high IQ and a high EQ,[12:08.64]which, of course, is a winning combination,[12:11.24]or be high in one and low in the other.[12:14.33]The best study was done at Bell Labs in New Jersey,[12:17.76]a very high IQ place.[12:20.27]They do research into development[12:22.67]for the communications industry.[12:24.74]In a division of electronic engineers,[12:26.68]who were designing equipments so advanced[12:30.37]that they work in teams of up to 150,[12:33.64]co-workers and managers were asked to nominate the standouts- [12:38.65]the stars in productivity and effectiveness.[12:41.95]They came up with 10 or 15 names,[12:45.26]and that group of stars was compared with everyone else. [12:49.10]It turned out there was no difference in IQ,[12:51.89]no difference in academic qualifications,[12:55.51]no difference in years on the job.[12:57.81]The only difference was emotional intelligence.[13:01.81]The stars were people who knew how to get along,[13:05.15]who knew how to motivate themselves,[13:07.56]usually the kind of people you like to hang out with.[13:11.20]When these people ran up against a technical problem,[13:14.14]to which they'd have to turn to someone else for an answer, [13:17.53]they'd e-mail and get an answer right away,[13:21.54]because they built up a network of people[13:24.29]before they needed them.[13:29.10]The other people would e-mail and wait up to two weeks [13:30.78]for an answer.[13:31.59]So you can see how being good in the interpersonal realm [13:34.78]actually was a direct benefit,[13:37.21]even for effectively pursuing a technical task.[13:41.97]Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. [13:47.58]16. What does the speaker say about Bell Labs?[14:07.29]17. What characterizes the stars nominated at Bell Labs? [14:28.58]18. What does the speaker say contributes[14:32.56]to effectively pursuing a technical task?[14:50.30]Passage Two [14:51.93]J's (Biography of John Muir)-John Muir's own writings[14:55.31]to bring readers a life story of this remarkable man[14:59.08]who did so much to raise American's awareness[15:01.61]of environmental issues.[15:03.50]As America's first environmentalist,[15:05.50]John Muir lived his life forever daring[15:08.08]to undertake new adventures.[15:10.34]He spent most of his days outdoors[15:12.14]and had deep love for the wild lands.[15:14.88]In the book, we meet John Muir[15:16.84]as a youth fearlessly climbing the roof of his house.[15:20.43]He captures birds only to let them go[15:23.02]when he realizes the cruelty involved.[15:25.64]He becomes an inventor[15:26.95]and sells his inventions in order to attend the university.[15:30.88]As a young man,[15:32.33]he began walking over tens of thousands of miles[15:35.32]during his lifetime,[15:36.82]through the south to Florida,[15:38.76]the west to California and north to Alaska,[15:40.34]where readers are taken a long[15:42.19]and particularly hair-raising adventure[15:43.95]on a large mass of floating ice.[15:46.34]Muir's learning in observation throughout his life[15:51.24]led him to devote his last years to preserving the natural environment.[15:54.17]His writing and speaking raised the awareness[15:58.43]of the importance of conservation[16:00.59]and helped bring about our national park system.[16:03.53]Readers will feel they know John Muir[16:05.55]after reading his story[16:06.97]and may catch his passion for preserving the riches of our land. [16:11.04]The other's portrayal of Muir's life[16:12.99]is a testimony to what it means to be lifelong learners[16:16.99]and to use that learning to inform and bring about change. [16:21.12]Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. [16:26.92]19. What kind of book is the speaker introducing?[16:47.00]20. What do we learn about John Muir when he was young? [17:06.83]21. What did John Muir intend to do through writing and speaking?[17:28.37]Passage Three[17:30.27]Disaster movies often portray catastrophes that destroy,[17:34.35]or at least threaten to destroy earth's entire population.[17:38.50]In fact, a virus emerged in the 1970s[17:42.15]that could've been just that fatal.[17:44.95]Named after a river that passes through the Congo,[17:47.60]the Ebola virus originally manifested itself[17:51.56]in the interior of Africa in 1976.[17:55.87]Two strains of the disease,[17:57.63]with almost identical symptoms, affected humans-[18:01.76]Ebola-Zaire and Ebola-Sudan.[18:04.11]The Sudan version was deadly enough,[18:07.54]killing 50% of those it infected.[18:10.37]However, Zaire, with its 90% mortality rate,[18:14.58]was even worse.[18:16.30]The origins, though not the cause of Ebola-Sudan,[18:19.66]can be traced back to a single individual in a Sudanese town. [18:24.63]Ebola-Zaire seemed to erupt in over 50 villages simultaneously. [18:30.02]Both strains quickly invaded local hospitals[18:32.95]when needle sharing and other unhealthy practices[18:36.28]ensured the rapid spreading of the infection[18:39.45]by bringing people into contact with contaminated body fluids. [18:44.13]If the virus had been capable of spreading through the air, [18:47.42]or if one infected person had unknowingly entered a large population center,[18:52.50]Ebola might have become a worldwide epidemic.[18:56.40]However, soon after these fierce outbreaks,[18:59.19]the virus died out, at least temporarily.[19:02.90]Ebola was so deadly and killed so quickly that[19:06.95]within a short period of time,[19:08.80]there was no one around to infect.[19:11.66]Hospital workers in at least one case deserted their workplace in panic,[19:16.53]thus halting the administering of potentially unclean disease spreading injections,[19:23.01]but Ebola has not disappeared.[19:25.53]With no known vaccination or cure available,[19:28.99]it seems only a matter of time until another epidemic erupts. [19:34.94]Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage[19:39.24]you have just heard.[19:40.85]22. What is Ebola virus named after?[20:00.29]23. What do we learn about Ebola-Zaire and Ebola-Sudan? [20:21.53]24. How do people get infected with the disease[20:25.16]according to the speaker?[20:42.48]25. What does the speaker believe?[21:02.02]Section C[21:03.70]Directions: In this section,[21:05.49]you will hear a passage three times.[21:08.05]When the passage is read for the first time,[21:10.51]you should listen carefully for its general idea.[21:13.68]When the passage is read for the second time,[21:16.42]you are required to fill in the blanks[21:18.70]with the exact words[21:19.86]you have just heard.[21:21.98]Finally,[21:22.87]when the passage is read for the third time,[21:25.42]you should check what you have written.[21:28.26]Now listen to the passage.[21:31.93]The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel,[21:34.78]and sound friendly but would also be programmed[21:37.98]to behave in an agreeable manner.[21:40.46]Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable [21:44.10]would be simulated as closely as possible,[21:47.46]and the machine would appear to be charming stimulating, and easygoing.[21:52.29]Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable,[21:56.63]and yet the machine would remain slightly[22:00.62]unpredictable and therefore interesting.[22:02.43]In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming,[22:07.11]but as it came to know the user it would progress[22:10.26]to a more relaxed and intimate style.[22:12.96]The machine would not be a passive participant[22:15.89]but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; [22:20.18]it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or[22:23.18]changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. [22:27.59]The machine would convey presence.[22:30.25]We have all seen how a computers use of personal names[22:33.65]often fascinates people and needs them to treat the machine [22:37.45]as if it were almost human.[22:39.97]Such features are easily written into the software.[22:43.74]By introducing a degree of forcefulness and humor,[22:47.33]the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character. [22:51.69]Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer[22:54.85]would be more acceptable as a friend if it simulated[22:58.45]the gradual changes that occur when one person[23:01.86]is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also [23:06.44]express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.[23:12.34]Now the passage will be read again.[23:15.61]The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel,[23:20.05]and sound friendly but would also be programmed[23:23.00]to behave in an agreeable manner.[23:25.41]Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable [23:29.43]would be simulated as closely as possible,[23:32.73]and the machine would appear to be charming stimulating, and easygoing.[23:37.99]Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable,[23:42.60]and yet the machine would remain slightly[23:45.04]unpredictable and therefore interesting.[23:47.85]In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming,[23:52.36]but as it came to know the user it would progress[23:55.23]to a more relaxed and intimate style. [23:58.25]The machine would not be a passive participant[24:01.08]but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; [24:05.59]it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or[24:09.17]changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. [24:14.37]The machine would convey presence.[24:17.40]We have all seen how a computers use of personal names[24:21.32]often fascinates people and needs them to treat the machine [24:25.56]as if it were almost human.[24:28.00]Such features are easily written into the software.[24:31.91]By introducing a degree of forcefulness and humor,[24:35.80]the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character. [24:40.42]Friendships are not made in a day,[24:43.13]and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend[24:47.04]if it simulated the gradual changes that occur when one person [24:51.25]is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also [24:55.97]express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.[25:03.77]Now the passage will be read for the third time.[25:07.52]The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel,[25:11.34]and sound friendly but would also be programmed[25:14.32]to behave in an agreeable manner.[25:17.17]Those qualities that make interaction with other people enjoyable [25:20.82]would be simulated as closely as possible,[25:24.23]and the machine would appear to be charming stimulating, and easygoing.[25:29.31]Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable,[25:33.67]and yet the machine would remain slightly[25:37.50]unpredictable and therefore interesting.[25:39.47]In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming,[25:44.00]but as it came to know the user it would progress[25:47.09]to a more relaxed and intimate style.[25:49.87]The machine would not be a passive participant[25:53.08]but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; [25:56.99]it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or[26:00.01]changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. [26:04.48]The machine would convey presence.[26:07.06]We have all seen how a computers use of personal names[26:10.39]often fascinates people and needs them to treat the machine [26:14.41]as if it were almost human.[26:16.96]Such features are easily written into the software.[26:20.53]By introducing a degree of forcefulness and humor,[26:24.07]the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character. [26:28.48]Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer[26:31.84]would be more acceptable as a friend if it simulated[26:35.66]the gradual changes that occur when one person[26:38.87]is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also [26:43.42]express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.[26:49.24]This is the end of listening comprehension.。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
2013 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（标准卷）Total score: 710Total time allowed: 125 minutes特注：2013年 6 月大学四级考试采用多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题，考生可以任选其一。
Part I Writing(多题多卷写作题1) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing ( 多题多卷写作题2) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given inthe passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they’ re with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’ re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’ s limited budget, typically costingdsof hundredollarsevery semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions.Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom,essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they ’ basicallyre stuck with afour pound paper- weight that they can’ t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many ofthese shortcomings. But till now, they’ ve beenkesomethingamirage li（幻影）in the distance,more like a hazy（模糊的） dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all yourtextbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition （过渡） over to digital books.Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at theUniversity of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooksjust last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“ People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalp who will be going into his second year at Irvine’ s medical program this fall.“ They weren it as a source of communication because they couldn ’ t read or write in it. So a third of the peoplein my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops andthe last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn’ t caught on yet, he tells me, is that thectionalityfun of e-edition textbooksis incredibly limited, and some students just aren’ t motivated to learn new study behavior.But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released anupdated version last week, and it utilized’ inllbeover 50 undergraduate and graduate classroomsthis coming school year.“ Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he’me a demo（演示） over coffee. “ WhatI mean by that is the current perspective of the digitaltextbook is it’ s an exact copy of the print book. There’ s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’ s how we’ re defining digital textbooks, there no hope of that becoming a mainstream product. ”He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the groundup, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as askeleton.At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping（敲击）into the iPad app (应用软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through ( 浏览 ) afew chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view itsvarious building blocks. “ Publishersgive us all of the source media, artwork, videos,he” says,“ We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It’ s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It ’clears why this would besomething a music major would love.But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation （批注） system. Here’ s how itworks!When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner ’highlights andnotes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to helpimprove your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).But with lnkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’ s where thin get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple lnkling users,that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook tocome across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebookfriends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorteddemocratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with thebest and brightest thinkers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in ( 插话) on discussions. They’ ll be able to answerthe questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well.Textbook versions are constanly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs(the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able topurchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing aslittle as $2.99.There are, however, challenges.“ It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it’ s clear why.Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you cantell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions aregiving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’ t have such a luxury it’ s layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite sometime. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen,and we probably won’ t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now,that hazy mirage in the distance? A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.1. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that _____.A)A)they are not reused once a new edition comes outB)they cost hundreds of dollars every semesterC)they are too heavy to carry aroundD)they take a longer time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A)It ’ s not likelyheyt will replace traditional textbooks.B)They haven ’ t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C)Very few of them are available in the market.D)Many people still have difficulty using them.3.According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil because _____.A) they find it troublesome to take notes with an iPadB) they are unwilling to change their study behaviorC) they have get tired of reading on the iPadD) they are not used to reading on the screen4.Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart ’currents digital textbooks is that _____.A) they have to be revised repeatedlyB) they are inconvenient to use in classC) they are different from most mainstream products D)they are no more than print versions put on a screen5.Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of lnkling as _____.A)a good example of the mainstream productsB)a marvelous product of many creative ideasC)a platform for building multimedia contentD)a mere skeleton of traditional textbooks6. The author is most excited about lnkling’notations system because one can _____.A)share his learning experience with the best and brightest thinkersB)participate in discussions with classmates and Facebook friendsC)vote for the best learners democraticallyD)store information on the cloud7.One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that _____.A) students can switch to different discussions at any pointB) students can download relevant critical commentsC) professors can join in students’ online discussionsD) professors can give prompt feedback to students’ homework8.One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of _____.9.One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high ______ of the hardware.10.According to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still _____.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B)Children shouldn’ t drink so much orange juice.C)There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D)Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12.A) Fitness training.B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming.D) Directorship of the club.13.A) He needs to buy a new sweater.B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed.D) The heating system doesn’ t work.14.A) Committing theft.B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping.D) Posing for the camera.15.A) She is taking some medicine.B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C)She does not trust the man ’ s adviceD). She has almost recovered from the cough.16.A) Pamela ’ s report is not finished as scheduled.B)Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C)Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D)Pamela ’ s mistakes could haveben avoided.17.A) In the left-luggage office.B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room.D) At an airport.18.A) She was an excellent student at college.B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech.D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’ s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer fashion’sshowlatest.C)Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D)Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20.A) Her travel to Japan.B)The awards ceremony.C)The proper hairstyle for her new role.D)When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Romero’ s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’ s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) Make an appointment for an interview.B)Send in an application letter.C)Fill in an application form.D)Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23.A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B)Someone experienced in business management.C)Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D)Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24.A) Travel opportunities.B)Handsome pay.C)Prospects for promotion.D)Flexible working hours.25.A) It depends on the working hours.B)It ’ s about 500 pound a week.C)It will be set by the Human Resources.D)It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B)To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C)To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D)To give space for more profitable products.27.A) On the top shelves.B)On the bottom shelves.C)On easily accessible shelves.D)On clearly marked shelves.28.A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B)A few of them are fathers with babies.C)A majority of them are young couples.D)Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29.A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B)Sales assistants following customers around.C)Customers competing for good bargains.D)Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B)Doing research in an institute.C)Studying for a college degree.D)Working in a high-tech company.31.A) He studied the designs of various choices.B)He did experiments to different materials.C)He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D)He asked different people for their opinions.32.A) Its automatic mechanism.B)Its manufacturing pattern.C)Its way of waking people up.D)Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’ s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’ t require any special attention.C)It usually appears all of a sudden.D)It usually lasts for several years.34.A) They can’ t mixellwith others.B)They emotionally receive their friends.C)They depend severely on family members.D)They share similar interests with friends.35.A) They lack consistent support from peers.B)They doubt their own popularity.C)They were born psychologically weak.D)They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36) ________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39) ________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40)________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43)________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ____________________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ____________________________________________________________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the47risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get48benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and50bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week,51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are52important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are53 , and simple flexibility training can54these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated ( 润滑 ). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ ll get an idea of how naturaleneralitis. The55g is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to56stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’ reeating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’ redoing and yet we do it anyway.So here ’ s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take alesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’ s displayed “ Manypolicy measures to control obesity（肥胖症） assume that people consciously andrationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information andmore access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“ Incontrast,the” researchers continue, “ manyregulations that don ’assumet people makerational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance—like food—ofwhich immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people ’behaviors with food and alcohol and results ofalcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising ifapplied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’ t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted （分配） based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These makealcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it.So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories?And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren’ t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cashregisters in gas stations, and in most places you can’ t buy-througalco h olfacilitiesatdrive. Atsupermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’ re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines.The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals forjunk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57.What does the author say about junk food?A)People should be educated not to eat too much.B)It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C)Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D)It causes more harm than is generally realized.58.What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A)They should be implemented effectively.B)They provide misleading information.C)They are based on wrong assumptions.D)They help people make rational choices.59.Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?B)There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C)Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers-consumption’over.60. What is the purpose of California’ s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B)To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C)To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.61.What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A)Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B)Enhancing people’ s awareness of their own health.C)Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D)Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak ’ s decision to file for bankruptcy （破产） protection is a sad, though not unexpected,turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography anddominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak ’ sdownfall to“complacency(自满) ,”that explanationdoesn ’acknowt -ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago,Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film—and in fact, Kodak inventedthe first digital camera in 1975—but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its newdiscovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’ t that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at HarvardBusiness School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time thecompany realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent alot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult timeswitching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the newbusinesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fullyembrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them.Now their history has become a liability.Kodak ’ sdownfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the companycommanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which underminedKodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’ s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid wentinstead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62.What do we learn about Kodak?A)It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B)It is approaching its downfall.C)It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D)It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak’ s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B)To show its effort to overcome complacency.C)To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.64.Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A)They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B)They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C)They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D)They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak’ s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak’ s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo’ s emergence.C)Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D)Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡） habit is a smart,healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and asharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep,a mid-day nap was the best way to cope69the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter,several studies have shown that people70new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most71, a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped72had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying73heart disease compared to peoplewho didn’ t nap.Of course, napping isn ’t74for everyone. If you ’ resuffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can75with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡） can77creativity.According to , you78 a natural dip in body temperature79 1 p.m.and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness80several hours and, for most people, shouldn ’t81being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’ s not too warm or too chilly. prevention.82com snapping。
2013年6月四级听力(第2套)
[01:45.84]College English Test (Band 4)Part ⅢListening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. Now let’s begin with the 8 short conversations.Now let’s begin with the 8 short conversations.[02:39.49]11. M: I don’t know what to do with Timmy. This morning I found orange juice spilled all over the kitchen floor.W: Don’t be so hard on him. He’s only four.Q: What does the woman mean?[03:10.96]12. W: Excuse me, sir. I would like to know about the fitness training program in your club.M: I’ll have you speak with the director in charge of new accounts.Q: What is the woman interested in?[03:42.22]13. W: It’s really cold in this apartment. Can we turn up the heat a little bit?M: Sorry. I’ve run out of money and can hardly pay the fuel bill. Maybe you’d better put on a sweater.Q: What does the man mean?[04:15.63]14. M: I’m sorry, Miss. But you have to come with me to the security office. The video cameras in our shop have recorded everything you did.W: No. No. I...I didn’t do anything.I’ll call the police if you dare insult me.Q: What does the man think the woman was doing?[04:53.36]15. M: I think you ought to see a doctor right away about that cough.W: Well, I’ll wait a few more days.I’m sure I’ll get over it soon.Q: What do we learn about the woman?[05:25.64]16. M: I’ve hear d that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report.W: Well, she wouldn’t have if she hadn’t been in such a hurry to get it done.Q: What does the woman imply?[05:58.07]17. M: We’d better check out before 12 o’clock, Marry. And now there are only thirty minutes left.W: Let’s hurry up. You go pay the bill and I’ll call the reception to have our luggage taken downstairs.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?[06:35.06]18. W: Have you ever heard this speaker before?M: Yeah. She’s excellent. She gets her point across and it’s entertaining at the same time.Q: What does the man say about the speaker?[07:06.96]Now you will hear the two long conversations.[07:11.36]Conversation OneM: What should I do about Mr. Romero? Remember? He said it was important and couldn’t wait. I think he may want you for that new movie he’s directing.W: That’s absolutely correct. Now, we have to fit him in somewhere. Mmm, what does Monday morning look like?M: That doesn’t look so good. You have a make-up session starting at 6:00. Then filming starts at 8:00 and that’s going to take the whole morning.W: Well, what’s after that?M: You have lunch with your agent to discuss the awards ceremony and you’ll have to meet him at one o’clock at the restaurant.W: Oh, terrific. Listen, I cannot miss that. But I still have to make time for Mr. Romero.M: Well, now, don’t forget you’ve got a three-o’clock appointment with your fashion designer. W: That’s right.You know he’s showing the latest fashions from Japan?You know that loose-fitting look? Those clothes are on show in this year.M: At 4:30, you have an appointment with your hairdresser. Then at 7:00, you have dinner with a journalist. Now remember, be nice to that guy.W: Do I have to? That won’t be easy and it’s likely to run late. How does Tuesday look?M: Well, you have to spend the whole morning at the photographer’s.They’ll take you photos to publicize your new movie.W: What about the afternoon? Am I free then?M: Let me see… Yes, you are free after 3:30.W: Then you can set up a meeting with Mr. Romero at 4:00.M: Ok. I’ll get on it right away.[09:03.86]Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What are the speakers doing?20. What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday?21. What do we learn from the conversation about the man?[10:16.28]Conversation TwoM: I’m phoning up about this job you advertise in this paper. This...er...young sales manager? W: Oh, yes.M: I’d like to apply for it. Would you send me an application form?W: No. You simply send in a written application, a letter.M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job?W: Well, we are very looking for someone who isn’t too concerned about working fairly long hours.M: What do you mean by long hours?W: This is a job which does, as the advertisement says, have travel possibilities, and very often, one would be away at weekends, for instance.M: Oh, I thought you meant working in the evenings and working overtime.W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings. But for a managerial post, I’m afraid we don’t pay overtime. Mmm, that’s for other grades.M: Oh. What kind of money are you paying then?W: Well, this is to be negotiated. Oh, it depends partly on your experience and education. Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is?M: I’ve just left school and got A level in geography.W: Oh, I see.M: And it’s the travel that appeals to me.That’s why I’m inquiring about the job.W: Yes, I see. What sort of salary were you thinking in terms of?M: Starting off, I thought it would be something like ￡500 a week?W: Well, send in a written application and then we’ll consider your case along with all the other applicants.M: Alright. Many thanks. Good bye.W: Bye.[12:02.82]Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job?23. What kind of a person is the company looking for?24. What does the man like most about the job?25.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?[13:39.79]Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.[14:12.34]Passage OneA typical large supermarket offers around 17 000 to 20 000 items for sale and it wants to make sure that customers see as many of them as possible. That’s why you’ll normally find the central goods like bread, vegetables and meat in completely different parts of the store. Products with a high profit margin are always placed on shelves within easy reach of the customer, while lower margin items like sugar or flower are on the top or bottom shelves. Many people make shopping list before they visit supermarkets. But even so, around 60% of all supermarket purchases are the result of decisions that are taken in the store. For this reason, supermarkets try to attract their customers by placing certain kinds of product next to each other.In the UK, beer will often be found next to items for babies because research shows that fathers of babies buy them on their way home from work and will buy beer at the same time. Research has also shown that this kind of impulse buy happens more frequently when no sales assistants are nearby. Supermarkets have made selling such a fine art that their customers often lose all sense of time. When interviewed, customers normally guess t hey’ve only spent half an hour in the supermarket even when they have been there for over 45 minutes. But that shouldn’t be too surprising. Any really profitable supermarket knows that it should keep its clocks well hidden. [16:06.68]Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. Why are central goods displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket?27. Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found?28. What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?29. What shouldn’t be too surprising according to the speaker?[17:42.51]Passage TwoWhen Matty Sallin was working on a degree in art and technology at university, he got an interesting assignment in electronics class: Create something for the household. He decided to create an alarm clock. "Everybody has to use an alarm clock of some kind every day, and it’s extremely unpleasant!" he says. He asked different people what they'd like to wake up to instead of a noisy alarm. A lot of them said, "The smell of bacon." So Sallin invented a new kind of alarm clock: a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock that uses the smell of cooking bacon rather than sound to wake someone up.He explains, "There's no danger of burning, because I built it carefully. It uses light bulbs instead of a flame for cooking and turns off automatically after ten minutes." Just a few easy steps are required to set the "alarm." "What you do is put in a couple of frozen strips the night before," says Sallin. Bacon is preserved, so there is no danger of its spoiling overnight. " If you set the alarm for 8:00, it will turn on at 7:50 and slow cook for ten minutes under the bulbs," he says. Then the bulbs turn off and a fan blows the smell out through the nose of the pig. "So instead of an alarm, you smell yourself awake," says Sallin. "Then you can open the door on the side and pull the bacon out and eat it."[19:31.91]Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock?31. What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clock?32. What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique?[20:47.16]Passage ThreeMost people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon and have identified three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation, for example, a divorce or moving to a new place.Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems it usually does not last for more than a year. Unlike the second type, the third kind of loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others.Unfortunately, many of them think there is little or nothing they can do about it. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, for example, friends, family members, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons.For instance, our families give us emotional support and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have. In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, theysometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.[22:45.98]Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. What does the speaker say about situational loneliness?34. What problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness?35. Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists?[24:00.71]Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.[24:49.83]Now listen to the passage.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and locked away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often forgotten, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then.Responsible for the change has been the astonishingly swift development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is collected about us in one place or another— and for one reason or another—can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, leading institutions, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government agencies at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening invasion of their privacy. Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people questioned felt their privacy was being invaded. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had soared up to 76 percent.。
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听力短对话11.W: I was shocked to hear ofyour wife's illness. Isshe going to be all ri ght?M: At first, the doctors weren'tsure, but she'sreally improved. She'll b e home next week.Q: What do we learn about theman's wife from the conversation?12.M: Excuse me, can I get aticket for a sleeping compartment on this tra in?W: Yes, there are four left. Theprice is ￡60 per person including aco ntinental breakfast.Q: What is the man doing?13.M: Janet, here's the book Iborrowed from you, but I'm so sorry that I can't find its jacket.W: It doesn't matter. Anyway, youare one of the few people who actu ally return books tome.Q: What does the woman imply?14.M: Lisa, have you been to thenew supermarket yet?W: Yes, and no. I went there lastSaturday for their grand opening sale , but I drove aroundthe parking lot fornearly an hour, looking for a space before I finally gave up and came home.Q: What does the woman mean?15.W: You've been sitting at thecomputer for hours. Let’s take a coffee b reak, shall we?M: I wish I could. You know, I'mup to my neck in work. I've got to fi nish this report. I don'twant to miss thedeadline.Q: What does the man mean?16.M: What do you think of thisgallery space? They offer to let me exhi bit some of mypaintings here.W: Are you kidding? Any artstudent I know would die to have an exh ibition here.Q: What can we infer from theconversation?17.W: Gary, my assistant is inhospital now. Is there anyone in your depa rtment who could givea hand for afew days?M: I think so. I'll ask aroundand get back to you.Q: What do we learn from theconversation?18.W: Did you read the articlein the paper about the mayor's speech at th e economic forum?M: Sure I did, but I think theytwisted the meaning of what he said. It's not the first time forthem to do so.Q: What does the man say about the paper's article?听力长对话原文1Conversation OneW: Oh, hello, John. Are you usingyour dictatingmachine this morning ? I've got a long report I must dictate. CanI borrow your machine?M: Of course. But can you spareme a second?It's the message you sen t me about the delivery delay of thecontrol desks. What's gonewrong?W: Everything, John. We have toget the steel sheets we need for these desks from newsuppliers. Well, the suppliers have got some troubleor ot her. They say they will be a bit latewith the delivery.M: But they can't be. Those controldesks are a special order. They are wanted for one ofthe big computercompanies. It's a very important contr act.W: When did we promise thedelivery?M: On Thursday next week. Andthere's a penalty clause. We stand to lose 10 percent ofour price for eachweek of overdue delivery.W: Oh, these penalty clauses! Whydid you sales people accept them?M: We have to accept them;otherwise, we don't get the contracts.W: Well, let's get on to theBuying Department. I only heard about the delay yesterdaybecause we kept theproduction line clear to handle these special sheets. It's a dreadfulnuisance.M: It will be more than anuisance if we don't meet on delivery date. I t will cost us a lot ofmoney.W: Keep calm, John. We canperhaps claim compensation from the st eel suppliers forfailure to deliver ontime. Then we will offset the penalty clause.M: Well, if you can.Questions 19 to 22 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.19. Why did the woman send themessage to the man?20. What does the woman say aboutthe new suppliers?21. How did the man get thecontracts?22. What does the woman suggest they do?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoM: Kathy, chaos theory seems tobe a branch of physics or mathemati cs. You are aneconomist, so how does itinfluence your work?W: Well, in several ways. I amresponsible for financial development programs in many partsof the world, soforecasting long range trends and making predictions on the basis ofpresentevidence is what I do. Chaos the ory was developed by scientists, trying toexplain the movement of the pla nets and the changes in environmentalconditions. Both of these thingsare also about making long-term predictions onthe basis of present evidence.M: Are many economists involvedin this field?W: An increasing number. In the1990s, many economists began to lo ok at chaos theory asa way of providingmodels for forecasting.M: What kind of"models" are we talking about here?W: Well, that's a good question,because the basic idea of chaos theor y is that there aren'tany"models" as such—there aren't guaranteed forms, but rather patternsof change indevelopment.M: Doesn't that mean thatforecasting is impossible?W: No, but it certainly makes itmore of a challenge.]Mandelbrot, wh o didthe experimentwith stock exchanges prices, for example, noted that althoughthe outcomes were variable,there were in fact certain constanc y. What we haveto do is make sure we know what theseare and take into account all thepossible variables.M: But do economics and financework in the same way as weather co nditions or the movement of planets?W: Well, no, of course not. Thereare certain underlying similarities. Butwe have to leavethem for the other time.Questions 23 to 25 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.23. What is the woman'sprofession?24. What was chaos theorysupposed to do when it was first formulate d?25. What are the speakers mainlytalking about?听力短文原文Passage OnePeople write to ask me if there'scorrelationbetween academic intellig ence and emotionalintelligence. My answeris no. You can have a high I Qand a high EQ, which, of course, is awinningcombination, or be high inone and low in the other. The best study was done atBellLabs in New Jers ey, a very high IQ place. They do research intodevelopment for thecomm unications industry. In a division of electronicengineers, who were design ing equipment so advanced that they work in teams ofup to 150, co-work ers and managers were asked to nominate the standouts thestars in produ ctivity and effectiveness. They came up with 10 or15 names, andthat gro up of stars was compared with everyone else. It turned out there wasnodif ference in IQ, no difference in academic qualifications, no difference iny ears on the job.The only difference was emotional intelligence. The stars were people who knew how to getalong, who knew how to motivate the mselves,usually the kind of people you like to hang outwith. When these people ran upagainst a technical problem, to which they'd have to turn to someone else foran answer, they'd e-mail and get an answer right away, b ecause they built upanetwork of people before they needed them. The oth er people would e-mail andwait up to twoweeks for an answer. So you ca n see how being good in theinterpersonal realm actually was adirect bene fit, even for effectivelypursuing a technical task.Questions 26 to 28 are based onthe passage you have just heard.26. What does the speaker sayabout Bell Labs?27. What characterizes the starsnominated at Bell Labs?28. What does the speaker saycontributes to effectively pursuing a tec hnical task?Passage TwoJ's (Biography of John Muir)—JohnMuir's own writings to bring read ers a life story of this remarkable man whodid so much to raise American 's awareness of environmental issues. AsAmerica'sfirst environmentalist , John Muir lived his life forever daring to undertakenewadventures. He s pent most of his days outdoors and had deep love for thewild lands. In the book, we meet John Muir as a youth fearlessly climbing theroof of his ho use. He captures birdsonly to let them go when he realizes thecruelty invo lved. He becomes an inventor and sells hisinventions in order toattend the university. As a young man, he began walking over tens ofthousandsof m iles during his lifetime, through the south to Florida, the west toCalifornia andnorth to Alaska, where readers are taken a long and particularlyhair-r aising adventure on alarge mass of floating ice. Muir's learning inobserv ation throughout his life led him to devote hislast years to preservingthe n atural environment. His writing and speaking raised the awareness of the importance of conservation and helped bring about our national parksyst em.Readers will feel they know John Muir after reading his story and ma y catch hispassionfor preserving the riches of our land. The other's portra yal of Muir'slife is a testimony to whatit means to be lifelong learners an d to use thatlearning to inform and bring about change.Questions 29 to 31 are based onthe passage you have just heard.29. What kind of book is thespeaker introducing?30. What do we learn about JohnMuir when he was young?31. What did John Muir intend todo through writing and speaking?Passage ThreeDisaster movies often portraycatastrophes that destroy, or at least thre aten to destroyearth's entirepopulation. In fact, a virus emerged in the 19 70s that could've been just d after a river that passes throug h the Congo, the Ebola virusoriginally manifested itself inthe interior of Africa in 1976. Two strains ofthe disease, with almost identical symptom s,affected humans—Ebola-Zaire andEbola-Sudan. The Sudan version wa s deadly enough, killing50% of those itinfected. However, Zaire, with its 90% mortality rate, was even worse.Theorigins, though not the cause of Ebola-Sudan, can be traced back to a singleindividual in aSudanese town. Ebola-Zaire seemed to erupt in over 50 villagessimultaneously. Both str ainsquickly invaded local hospitals when needlesharing and other unheal thy practices ensured therapid spreading of theinfection by bringing peop le into contact with contaminated body fluids.If thevirus had been capab le of spreading through the air, or if one infected personhadunknowingly entered a large population center, Ebola might have become aworldwide epidemic. However, soon after these fierce outbreaks, the virus diedout,at least temporarily.Ebola was so deadly and killed so quickly thatwithin a short period of time, there was no onearound to infect. Hospitalworkers in at least one case deserted their workplace in panic, thushaltingthe ad ministering of potentially unclean disease spreading injections, butEbola has notdisappeared. With no known vaccination or cure available, itsee ms only a matter of time untilanother epidemic erupts.Questions 32 to 35 are based onthe passage you have just heard.32. What is Ebola virus namedafter?33. What do we learn aboutEbola-Zaire and Ebola-Sudan?34. How do people get infectedwith the disease according to the speak er?35. What does the speaker believe?听力填空The ideal companion machinewould not onlylook, feel, and sound friend ly but would also beprogrammed tobehave in an agreeable manner.Those qualities that make interaction withotherpeople enjoyable would be sim ulated as closelyas possible, and the machinewould appear to be charmin g stimulating, and easygoing. Its informalconversational style would ma ke interaction comfortable, and yet the machine wouldremain slightly un predictable and thereforeinteresting. In its first encounterit might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as itcame to know the userit would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machinewould notbe a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information,an dopinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changi ng thetopic andwould have a personality of its own. The machine would c onveypresence. We have all seen howa computer’s use of personal names oftenfascinates people and needs them to treat themachine as if it were al mosthuman. Such features are easily written into the software. Byintrodu cing adegree of forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented as a vivid andunique character. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would bemore acceptable as a friend if it simulated the gradual changes that occur whenone person is gettingto know another. At an appr opriate time it might alsoexpress the kind of affection thatstimulates atta chment and intimacy.1-15 DCADC16-20 AABAC21-26 BBDBC26-30 DBADB31-35 CDABC36. qualities37. charming38. unpredictable39. encounter40. relaxed41. participant42. initiative43. personality44. often fascinates people andneeds them to treat the machine as if it were almost human45. By introducing a degree offorcefulness and humor, the machine c ould be presented as a vivid and uniquecharacter46. if it simulated the gradualchanges that occur when one person is g etting to knowanother。