课时作业45

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高三英语(外研版)一轮复习课时作业45 选修8 Module 3 Word版含解析

高三英语(外研版)一轮复习课时作业45 选修8 Module 3 Word版含解析

课时作业45Module 3Foreign Food一、单元扣点Ⅰ.根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空address remark remend consumedelicacy altogether tendency banquet1.We ________ all our achievements to the wise leadership of our Party.2.The students of Grade 3 are ________ for the ing final examination now. 3.The football captain ________ his team. 4.A state ________ was given in honor of the visiting president.5.He provided local ________ for his guests' meal.6.He had ________ a large quantity of alcohol before he died.7.There is a growing ________ towards earlier retirement.8.________ the centre lost more than 1,500 trees in this hurricane.9.They made a lot of rude ________ about the food there.10.I ________ the latest book to my students.答案 1.owe 2.preparing 3.addressed 4.banquet5.delicacies 6.consumed7.tendency 8.Altogether9.remarks10.remend Ⅱ.翻译句子1.人类不能违背自然。

课时作业45:第13课 装在套子里的人

课时作业45:第13课 装在套子里的人

装在套子里的人一、基础巩固1.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的一项是( )A.陶冶筋疲力尽兴高彩烈战战兢兢B.怂恿没精打采性情孤僻一桩心事C.籍贯绣花衬衫心慌意乱胀红了脸D.讥诮竭力辩护哎声叹气垂头丧气2.依次填入下列各句横线处的成语,最恰当的一组是( )(1)本周市场受消息面影响较多,增加融券标的、降低存款准备金率、《证券法》修订草案一审、新股发行提速、开展“证监法网”专项执法行动等消息。

(2)一年多来,无论晨曦微露的清晨,抑或落霞满天的黄昏,在这条绿道上健身锻炼的人。

(3)在冒险之余,闭上眼睛仔细聆听,旋律,丝丝入扣,时而清新愉悦,时而扣人心弦,令人心醉,心驰神往,也是另一种游戏享受。

A.络绎不绝纷至沓来不绝如缕B.络绎不绝不绝如缕纷至沓来C.纷至沓来络绎不绝不绝如缕D.纷至沓来不绝如缕络绎不绝3.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( )A.作为牵头单位,北京协和医院派出了首个援藏医疗队,于8月19日从北京飞赴西藏,开展为期三年的医疗援藏工作。

B.会议要求,各级教育部门须加强学校毒品预防教育兼职教师队伍,不断开发内容新颖、适合学生特点的教育资料。

C.各级政府应以“十三五”规划为契机,利用包括新媒体在内的各种媒体,征求广泛公众建议,为经济社会发展建言献策。

D.此次足协调整改革,不仅包含对足协自身发展路径、发展模式的“破与立”,更是一次确立全新运行系统的大胆探索。

4.填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,最恰当的一句是( )植物睡眠在植物生理学中被称为睡眠运动。

最初,解释植物睡眠运动最广泛的理论是“月光理论”。

提出这个论点的科学家认为,叶子的睡眠运动能使植物尽可能少地遭受月光的侵害。

因为过多的月光照射, 。

然而,这个理论不久就受到质疑。

A.植物正常的光周期感官机制可能受到干扰,也会损害植物对昼夜变化的适应B.可能干扰植物正常的光周期感官机制,损害植物对昼夜变化的适应C.使植物正常的光周期感官机制都受到干扰,也会损害植物对昼夜变化的适应D.可能干扰植物正常的光周期感官机制,植物对昼夜变化的适应也会受损害二、阅读鉴赏阅读下面的文字,完成5~8题。

【与名师对话】2021高考数学课时作业45 文(含解析)北师大版(1)

【与名师对话】2021高考数学课时作业45 文(含解析)北师大版(1)

课时作业(四十五)一、选择题1.(2021年深圳模拟)假设曲线C:x2+y2+2ax-4ay+5a2-4=0上所有的点均在第二象限内,那么a的取值范围为( )A.(-∞,-2) B.(-∞,-1)C.(1,+∞)D.(2,+∞)解析:曲线C的方程能够化为(x+a)2+(y-2a)2=4,那么该方程表示圆心为(-a,2a),半径等于2的圆.因为圆上的点均在第二象限,因此a>2.答案:D2.(2021年长春模拟)已知点A(1,-1),B(-1,1),那么以线段AB为直径的圆的方程是A.x2+y2=2 B.x2+y2=2C.x2+y2=1 D.x2+y2=4解析:AB的中点坐标为(0,0),|AB|=[1--1]2+-1-12=22,∴圆的方程为x2+y2=2.答案:A3.圆心在y轴上,半径为1,且过点(1,2)的圆的方程为( )A.x2+(y-2)2=1 B.x2+(y+2)2=1C.(x-1)2+(y-3)2=1 D.x2+(y-3)2=1解析:设圆心坐标为(0,b),那么由题意知0-12+b-22=1,解得b=2,故圆的方程为x2+(y-2)2=1.答案:A4.(2021年东北三校联考)已知圆x2+y2+2x-4y+1=0关于直线2ax-by+2=0(a ,b ∈R )对称,那么ab 的取值范围是 ( )解析:配方得(x +1)2+(y -2)2=4,圆心(-1,2)在直线上.∴a +b =1,∴ab ≤⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a +b 22=14,∴选A. 答案:A5.(2021年济南质检)已知圆C :(x -1)2+(y -1)2=9,过点A (2,3)作圆C 的任意弦,那么这些弦的中点P 的轨迹方程为( )2+(y -2)2=54B .(x -3)2+(y -1)2=52+(y -2)2=54D .(x -1)2+(y -1)2=5解析:解法一:设P (x ,y ),圆心C (1,1). ∵P 点是过点A 的弦的中点,∴PA →⊥PC →. 又∵PA →=(2-x,3-y ),PC →=(1-x,1-y ), ∴(2-x )·(1-x )+(3-y )·(1-y )=0,∴P 点的轨迹方程为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x -322+(y -2)2=54.解法二:由已知,PA ⊥PC .由圆的性质可知, 点P 在以AC 为直径的圆上,圆心C (1,1),AC 中点为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫32,2,|AC |=2-12+3-12=5,因此半径为52.故P 点的轨迹方程为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x -322+(y -2)2=54.答案:A6.在圆x 2+y 2-2x -6y =0内,过点E (0,1)的最长弦和最短弦别离为AC 和BD ,那么四边形ABCD 的面积为( )A .5 2B .10 2C .152D .202解析:由题意可知,圆的圆心坐标是(1,3)、半径是10,且点E (0,1)位于该圆内,故过点E (0,1)的最短弦长|BD |=210-12+22=25(注:过圆内必然点的最短弦是以该点为中点的弦),过点E (0,1)的最长弦长等于该圆的直径,即|AC |=210,且AC ⊥BD ,因此四边形ABCD 的面积等于12|AC |×|BD |=12×210×25=102,选B.答案:B 二、填空题7.假设直线3x +y +a =0过圆x 2+y 2+2x -4y =0的圆心,那么a 的值为________. 解析:化圆为标准形式(x +1)2+(y -2)2=5,圆心为(-1,2). ∵直线过圆心,∴3×(-1)+2+a =0,∴a =1. 答案:18.已知圆心在x 轴上,半径为2的圆O 位于y 轴左侧,且与直线x +y =0相切,那么圆O 的方程是________________.解析:设圆心为(a,0)(a <0),那么|a |2=2,解得a =-2,故圆O 的方程为(x +2)2+y 2=2.答案:(x +2)2+y 2=29.(2021年武汉模拟)已知点P (x ,y )在圆x 2+(y -1)2=1上运动,那么y -1x -2的最大值为________.解析:设y -1x -2=k ,那么k 表示点P (x ,y )与点(2,1)连线的斜率.当该直线与圆相切时,k 取得最大值与最小值.由|2k |k 2+1=1,解得k =±33. 故y -1x -2的最大值为33. 答案:33三、解答题10.依照以下条件求圆的方程:(1)通过点P (1,1)和坐标原点,而且圆心在直线2x +3y +1=0上; (2)圆心在直线y =-4x 上,且与直线l :x +y -1=0相切于点P (3,-2); (3)过三点A (1,12),B (7,10),C (-9,2). 解:(1)设圆的标准方程为(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2, 由题意列出方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 2+b 2=r 2,a -12+b -12=r 2,2a +3b +1=0,解之得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a =4,b =-3,r 2=25.∴圆的标准方程是(x -4)2+(y +3)2=25.(2)解法一:设圆的标准方程为(x -a )2+(y -b )2=r 2,那么有⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧b =-4a ,3-a 2+-2-b2=r 2,|a +b -1|2=r ,解得a =1,b =-4,r =2 2.∴圆的方程为(x -1)2+(y +4)2=8.解法二:过切点且与x +y -1=0垂直的直线为y +2=x -3,与y =-4x 联立可求得圆心为(1,-4).∴半径r =1-32+-4+22=22,∴所求圆的方程为(x -1)2+(y +4)2=8. (3)设圆的一样方程为x 2+y 2+Dx +Ey +F =0,则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1+144+D +12E +F =0,49+100+7D +10E +F =0,81+4-9D +2E +F =0.解得D =-2,E =-4,F =-95. ∴所求圆的方程为x 2+y 2-2x -4y -95=0.11.已知圆x 2+y 2-4x +2y -3=0和圆外一点M (4,-8).(1)过M 作圆的割线交圆于A 、B 两点,假设|AB |=4,求直线AB 的方程; (2)过M 作圆的切线,切点为C 、D ,求切线长及CD 所在的直线方程. 解:(1)圆的标准方程为(x -2)2+(y +1)2=8,圆心为P (2,-1),半径r =22.①假设割线斜率不存在时,AB 方程为x =4,代入圆方程得y 2+2y -3=0,y 1=1,y 2=-3,符合题意.②假设割线斜率存在时,设AB 方程为y +8=k (x -4),即kx -y -4k -8=0.设AB 的中点为N ,那么|PN |=|2k +1-4k -8|k 2+1=|2k +7|k 2+1,由|PN |2+⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫|AB |22=r 2,得k =-4528,∴AB 的方程为45x +28y +44=0.综上,直线AB 的方程为x =4或45x +28y +44=0. (2)切线长为|MC |=|PM |2-r 2=4+49-8=35.以M 为圆心,|MC |为半径的圆的方程为(x -4)2+(y +8)2=45,即x 2+y 2-8x +16y +35=0. 又已知圆的方程为x 2+y 2-4x +2y -3=0, 两式相减,得2x -7y -19=0. ∴直线CD 的方程为2x -7y -19=0.12.如图,已知点A (-1,0)与点B (1,0),C 是圆x 2+y 2=1上的动点,连接BC 并延长至D ,使得|CD |=|BC |,求AC 与OD 的交点P 的轨迹方程.解:设动点P (x ,y ),由题意可知P 是△ABD 的重心,故连接AD .由A (-1,0),B (1,0),令动点C (x 0,y 0),那么D (2x 0-1,2y 0),由重心坐标公式:⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x =-1+1+2x 0-13,y =2y3,则⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 0=3x +12,y 0=3y 2y 0≠0,代入x 2+y 2=1,整理得所求轨迹方程为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x +132+y 2=49(y ≠0).[热点预测]13.假设圆C 的半径为1,圆心在第一象限,且与直线4x -3y =0和x 轴都相切,那么该圆的标准方程是( )A .(x -3)2+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫y -732=1 B .(x -2)2+(y -1)2=1 C .(x -1)2+(y -3)2=12+(y -1)2=1解析:设圆心C (a ,b )(a >0,b >0),由题意可得b =1. 又圆心C 到直线4x -3y =0的距离d =|4a -3|5=1,解得a =2或a =-12(舍).因此该圆的标准方程为(x -2)2+(y -1)2=1. 答案:B14.已知点M (1,0)是圆C :x 2+y 2-4x -2y =0内的一点,那么过点M 的最短弦所在直线的方程是________.解析:过点M 的最短弦与CM 垂直,圆C :x 2+y 2-4x -2y =0的圆心为C (2,1),∵k CM =1-02-1=1,∴最短弦所在直线的方程为y -0=-1(x -1),即x +y -1=0.答案:x +y -1=015.由直线y =x +1上的一点向圆(x -3)2+y 2=1引切线,求切线长的最小值. 解:如下图,设直线上一点P ,切点为Q ,圆心为M ,那么|PQ |即为切线长,MQ 为圆M 的半径,长度为1,|PQ |=|PM |2-|MQ |2=|PM |2-1,要使|PQ |最小,即求|PM |的最小值,此题转化为求直线y =x +1上的点到圆心M 的最小距离,设圆心到直线y =x +1的距离为d ,则d =|3-0+1|12+-12=22,∴|PQ|=|PM|2-1≥222-1=7.。

课时作业45

课时作业45

课时作业(四十五)选修8Unit 23Conflict Ⅰ.单项填空1.(2013·安徽皖南八校第二次联考)—Shall we have a discussion about how to spend the coming National Day of 2013?—________A.You are right.B.Don’t bother me!C.That sounds great. D.Have a good time!2.(2013·山东青岛质检)—Of the two bags,which one do you prefer?—________bigger one.It’s________most beautiful one,I think.A.The;a B.The;theC.A;/ D.A;the3.No sooner________the last chapter of his drawing than he was asked to draw another.A.had he finished B.he had finishedC.finished he D.did he finish4.(2013·浙江六校联盟第一次联考)Dora has some shortcomings but________she seems like an intelligent,likable person.A.on the contrary B.up to nowC.in return for D.on the whole5.This is the first time that a woman________to the post of sales director in this company.A.has appointed B.had been appointedC.has been appointed D.had appointed6.Having lost all their________in a big fire,the Blacks had to depend on their friends and relatives for a living.A.galleries B.reputationsC.signatures D.possessions7.(2013·北京东城区示范校联考)________computers are convenient to us in daily life,it may also cause other problems.A.Whether B.BecauseC.As D.While8.Nowadays,children are________to too many violent online games,which is bad for the development of their character.A.linked B.ledC.used D.exposed9.Encourage your children to reach a(n)________between what he wants and what you want.A.achievement B.appointmentC.compromise D.adaptation10.—Is Tom there?—________,please.I’ll see if I can find him for you.A.Hold up B.Hold onC.Hold out D.Hold off11.(2013·南京第三次模拟)You can’t complain of being lonely ________ you don’t make an effort to meet people and make friends with them.A.while B.whenC.whenever D.though12.(2013·江西盟校二联)—I hope I can see you at my birthday party.—Oh,dear,I________.When is it?A.almost forgot B.had almost forgottenC.will almost forget D.have almost forgotten13.(2013·山东高考预测卷)—Isn’t that our English teacher?—No,it________be him.He is making a speech in the hall.A.Can’t B.mustn’tC.won’t D.may not14.(2013·北京东城二模)Johnson is a new graduate.He has difficulty in dealing with________problems arise.A.wherever B.whicheverC.whatever D.whenever15.(2013·山西四校联考)Not until________school________how much their teachers loved them and helped them.A.they left;did they realize B.did they leave;did they realiseC.they left;had they realized D.they left;they realisedⅡ.完形填空[建议用时15′](2013·荆州市质量检测) Elaine was a saleswoman,who drove all over the city five days a week.When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop,she would drive quickly along the emergency lane.While driving she usually__1__on her cellphone,drinking a soda or eating a sandwich—her hands,legs and mouth were always__2__while she was driving.Last night she got__3__in Friday evening rush hour.She was going to be __4__for herdate.She was already__5__when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped.Elaine drove__6__over to the emergency lane.Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror.She had to__7__her car.A good-looking officer walked up.“Officer,my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant.I have constant morning sickness.I’m just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my__8__.” She looked at the officer with__9__eyes.He looked at her pitifully,then said__10__,“Okay,ma’am.Take the first exit.I hope you’ll be feeling better.”The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on.This was the second time that__11__had worked for her.She had one more thing to do before she got home.She had to mail a package.When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm,no parking was__12__,except for the handicapped space.Elaine drove right into it.She would only be a minute,she told__13__.All she had to do was __14__the post office,get the package__15__,and pay the clerk.Fortunately,there was no__16__in the store.Everything was done so __17__that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car.Then she stopped__18__.There was an envelope on the windshield (挡风玻璃).She opened it slowly.She knew__19__it was,but not how much it was.She screamed when she saw the__20__.A dog started barking.1.A.depended B.carriedC.talked D.sold2.A.full B.openC.free D.busy3.A.stuck B.hurtC.annoyed D.punished4.te B.readyC.excited D.mad5.A.satisfied B.angryC.exhausted D.calm6.A.reluctantly B.immediatelyC.guiltily D.gratefully7.A.stop B.startC.discard D.speed8.A.gas B.ticketC.medicine D.package9.A.innocent B.aggressiveC.addicted D.proud10.A.softly B.rudelyC.strictly D.skeptically11.A.officer B.excuseC.driver D.mistake12.A.adoptable B.accessibleC.acceptable D.available13.A.the clerk B.the guardC.the worker D.herself14.A.take out B.get outC.run into D.push into15.A.weighed B.printedC.repaired D.paid16.A.car B.lineC.police D.service17.A.quickly B.slowlyC.strangely D.quietly18.A.talking B.drivingC.thinking D.whistling19.A.how B.whyC.what D.that20.A.letter B.orderC.amount D.invitationⅢ.阅读理解(2013·安徽七校高三第二次大联考) Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners,city squares and in suburban supermarkets.In these free-for-all libraries,people can grab whatever they want to read,and leave behind anything they want for others.There’s no need to register,no due date,and you can take or give as many as you want.“This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read.It is open for everybody,”Michael Aubermann,one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.The western city’s latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm.It is the fourth free shelf that Aubermann’s group,the Cologne Citizen’s Foundation,has placed outside.“We set up ourother outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well,”said Aubermann.The public bookshelves,which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups,have appeared independently of each other in many cities,suburbs and villages.Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover,with all the old titles replaced by new ones.Even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this project rather as a sales promotion than as competition,”said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere,it helps our business,too.”So far,the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems.Aubermann said,“Propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.”At another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood,the lower shelves are reserved for children’s literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this ‘reading culture on the street’—from old readers to kids to immigrants,” Aubermann said.While most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale_neighborhoods,Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods,where citizens often don’t have as much access to literature.1.Which of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves?A.People can take the books and leave their books at will.B.People can’t borrow books unless they donate books.C.People can borrow whatever they like after registering.D.People have to return the books according to the required time.2.According to Aubermann,the public bookshelves________.A.are financed by local volunteersB.have been going well since their birthC.were managed by the local governmentD.will hold more books and take a shorter turnover3.The underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to________.A.communities that have many peopleB.communities that have many tall buildingsC.communities that are free to live inD.communities that are of high grade4.Which might be the best title for the passage?A.Public Reading Becomes Popular WorldwideB.New Trends of Bookshelves in GermanyC.Public Bookshelves Spread Across GermanyD.Reading Culture on the Street in Europe详解答案课时作业(四十五)Ⅰ.单项填空1.解析:第一句是提出建议,因此应该用“That sounds great.”来接受对方的提议。

2021年高考英语外研版选修8-课时作业(四十五) Module 3 Foreign Food

2021年高考英语外研版选修8-课时作业(四十五) Module 3 Foreign Food

课时作业(四十五)选修8Module 3 Foreign Food班级:姓名:建议时间 / 40分钟根底检测Ⅰ.词形转换1.The school makes a (require) to the librarians that books in the library be classified by subject.2.The young athlete hurt his foot in the race. (consequent), he missed the chance to get the gold medal.3.In the good care of the nurses, the boy is(gradual) recovering from his heart operation.4.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of (entertain).5.At the feast of New Year's Eve there is an (abundant) of food and drink.Ⅱ.单句填空6.With his work (complete),the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling very pleased.7.The president addressed his remarks to the young people in the college,(refer) to his notes frequently.8.You must come to the meeting (hold) tomorrow.9.He has devoted himself to(serve) the people in the poor area.10.I like to cook dishes (contain) a lot of vegetables.Ⅲ.短语填空11.(总之),he's one of the most promising students I've ever known.12.His writing is so confusing that it's difficult (弄清楚) what it is that he is trying to express.13.Bob and Peter(有很多共同之处) with each other, so they often go to school and go home together.14.You really angered him by(违犯) his wishes.15.The young man(放火烧) the house was caught on the scene.Ⅳ.句型训练16.We helped each other in those hard times and(结果成了好朋友).17.—I watched the football match until midnight.—(难怪你看上去又累又困) now.18.He walked along the street (手插入衣袋).19.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase (它的价格非常合理).20.Whenever talking about his success, Robert always (把它归功于他的家庭), especially his wife.才能提升Ⅴ.阅读理解A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素) given to farm animals is expected to increase by two thirds over the next 15 years. Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat, milk and eggs. However, the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotic-resistant infections(感染).Such infections are already a major public, health concern in the United States.The World Health Organization notes when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat. With the rapid development of Asia, people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and other milk products as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need, farmers have put many animals into smaller space. As the animals are crowded together, the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics. It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster. But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually.Nowadays, doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work. The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs. The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible forthe growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. In the United States, at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year and at least 23,000 die from an infection.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth. And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.21.What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?A.The desire for new drugs.B.The less effective antibiotics.C.The outdated farm technology.D.The need for more various foods.21.What do most people want to do first when they get rid of poverty according to the WHO?A.Making a lot of money.B.Focusing more on health.C.Having more meat in their diet.D.Living in a better environment.23.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Antibiotics do harm to animals.B.Antibiotics help animals stay healthy.C.Antibiotics are used heavily in Europe.D.Antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to people.24.What's the passage mainly about?A.A new way of raising farm animals.B.The advantages of using antibiotics.C.The reason for banning the use of antibiotics.D.The negative effect of antibiotics in farm animals.Ⅵ.完形填空I used to believe politeness was a thing of the past, but I had to change my thinking after my experience in a happening coffee place with two of my grown-up daughters. The place was 25 so we had to climb a 26 and steep(陡的) flight of stairs in order to find an empty table. After 27 coffee and snacks, we were going down the stairs one by one, leaving hardly any 28 for another person to either climb up or come down.Just as I was in the middle of my way down, a gentleman 29 the restaurant through the main entrance, which was right 30 the staircase. I was sure I would be 31 roughly by this man who would want to go up in a hurry. I kept coming down as fast as I could,32 the banister(扶手). My 33 were already down, looking up at me 34, hoping I would reach them 35 the stranger started up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort. Nearly reaching them, I 36 the man still standing near the 37. I reached my daughters and passed the 38 at the entrance door which he 39 holding open.Looking back on this matter, all three of us felt 40 that we did not even thank the 41gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to 42 through before going up. Suchwell-mannered people are hard to find these days, when jostling(推撞) and pushing is 43 in our advanced but aggressive(好斗的) society. The gentleman in the coffee place restored my faith in human 44.25. A.cold B.noisyC.crowdedD.decorated26. A.narrow B.brokenC.darkD.short27. A.delivering B.makingC.enjoyingD.ordering28. A.time B.spaceC.paceD.step29. A.left B.blockedC.checkedD.entered30. A.above B.in front ofC.behindD.at the top of31. A.punished B.pulledC.attackedD.pushed32. A.making way for B.sitting onC.holding on toD.jumping over33. A.colleagues B.daughtersC.friendsD.neighbours34. A.worriedly B.excitedlyC.doubtfullyD.patiently35. A.before B.onceC.unlessD.if36. A.imagined B.heardC.sensedD.noticed37. A.door B.tableC.windowD.counter38. A.manager B.strangerC.waiterD.cook39. A.appreciated B.suggestedC.admittedD.kept40. A.bad B.gratefulC.delightedD.heartbroken41. A.courageous B.generousC.politeD.responsible42. A.drive B.searchC.runD.pass43. A.popular B monC.avoidableD.favourable44. A.feelings B.emotionsC.kindnessD.behaviourⅦ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

高中生物高考课时作业45

高中生物高考课时作业45

课时作业45细胞工程基础巩固1.(2019·山西太原五中阶段测试)以下不能说明细胞全能性的实验是()A.将诱变处理的番茄种子培育成植株B.将紫罗兰的叶肉细胞培育成植株C.将番茄与马铃薯细胞融合并培育成植株D.将转基因的棉花细胞培育成植株解析:种子不是一个细胞,不属于离体已经分化的细胞,因此将种子培育成植株没有体现细胞的全能性,A错误;将紫罗兰的叶肉细胞培育成植株体现了植物细胞的全能性,B正确;番茄与马铃薯细胞融合后培育出植株体现了植物细胞的全能性,C正确;将转基因的棉花细胞培育成植株体现了植物细胞的全能性,D正确。

答案:A2.(易错题)(2019·北京海淀检测)紫草素具有抗菌、消炎效果。

在工业化生产中,取紫草植株部分组织诱导形成紫草愈伤组织,再转入紫草素形成培养基,然后再将细胞破碎后提取出紫草素。

下列相关叙述中,不正确的是()A.工业化生产过程包括细胞的脱分化和再分化B.愈伤组织在形成培养基中发生了一定程度的分化C.紫草素在细胞内合成后被分泌到细胞外D.紫草的愈伤组织细胞在低渗溶液中不会涨破解析:该过程中,通过脱分化形成愈伤组织,通过再分化形成产生紫草素的细胞,A、B正确;根据将细胞破碎后提取出紫草素可知,紫草素不能分泌到细胞外,C错误;植物细胞在低渗溶液中不会涨破,D正确。

答案:C3.(2019·江苏溧水高级中学质量检测)下列是应用动物细胞工程技术获取单克隆抗X抗体的具体操作步骤:①获取骨髓瘤细胞和能产生抗X抗体的B淋巴细胞②将杂交瘤细胞注入小鼠腹腔培养③筛选出能产生抗X抗体的杂交瘤细胞④利用选择培养基筛选出杂交瘤细胞⑤从腹水中提取抗体⑥利用促细胞融合因子使两种细胞发生融合以下对单克隆抗体制备的相关叙述中错误的是()A.实验顺序应当是①⑥④③②⑤B.②产生多个杂交瘤细胞的过程称为克隆C.⑥过程获得的细胞均可无限增殖D.该过程产生的抗X抗体特异性强、灵敏度高解析:实验顺序应当是①⑥④③②⑤,A正确;杂交瘤细胞通过细胞分裂产生多个杂交瘤细胞的过程称为克隆,B正确;⑥过程获得的细胞也可能是两个效应B细胞的融合,这样的细胞不能无限增殖,C错误;该过程产生的抗X抗体特异性强、灵敏度高,D正确。

课时作业44

课时作业44

课时作业44 核反应 核能时间:45分钟 满分:100分一、选择题(8×8′=64′)1.在下列四个方程中,x 1、x 2、x 3和x 4各代表某种粒子.①92235U +01n →3895Sr +54138Xe +3x 1 ②12H +x 2→23He +01n③92238U →90234Th +x 3 ④1224Mg +24He →1327Al +x 4以下判断正确的是( )A .x 1是中子B .x 2是质子C .x 3是α粒子D .x 4是氘核 解析:根据质量数和电荷数守恒可知,x 1是中子,x 2是氘核,x 3是α粒子,x 4是质子. 答案:AC2.激光中子是由一重原子核吸收一光子后发射一中子而产生的,光子的极限能量大约是10 MeV.假定中子从原子核上向外移开距离10-13 cm 所受的力保持不变,则中子与原子核间的作用力的数量级是( )A .10-3NB .10 NC .103ND .无法计算解析:10 MeV =1.6×10-12J ,而根据功的知识,f =1.6×10-1210-15 N =1.6×103N ,比较接近C 项.答案:C 3.(2011·广东模拟)“轨道电子俘获”也是放射性同位素衰变的一种形式,它是指原子核(称为母核)俘获一个核外电子,其内部一个质子变为中子,从而变成一个新核(称为子核),并且放出一个中微子的过程.中微子的质量极小,不带电,很难被探测到,人们最早是通过子核的反冲而间接证明中微子的存在的.关于一个静止的母核发生“轨道电子俘获”,衰变为子核并放出中微子,下面的说法中不正确的是( )A .子核的动量与中微子的动量相同B .母核的电荷数大于子核的电荷数C .母核的质量数等于子核的质量数D .子核的动能大于中微子的动能解析:子核的动量与中微子的动量大小相等,方向相反,由p =2mE k 可知,子核的动能小于中微子的动能,母核的电荷数等于子核的电荷数,中微子的质量极小,质量数为零. 答案:ABD4.静止在匀强磁场中的 92238U 核,发生α衰变后生成Th 核,衰变后的α粒子速度方向垂直于磁场方向,则以下结论中正确的是( )①衰变方程可表示为: 92238U = 90234Th +24He②衰变后的Th 核和α粒子的轨迹是两个内切圆,轨道半径之比为1∶45 ③Th 核和α粒子的动能之比为2∶117④若α粒子转了117圈,则Th 核转了90圈A .①③B .②④C .①②D .③④解析:衰变过程不可逆,不能用等号;衰变后的Th 核和α粒子的轨迹是两个外切圆,由于Th 核和α粒子的动量大小相等,因此动能之比等于质量比的倒数为2∶117,周期之比等于比荷比的倒数为117∶90,故α粒子转了117圈,则Th 核转了90圈.答案:D5.(2009·安徽高考)原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。

课时作业(四十五)

课时作业(四十五)

课时作业(四十五)[4.3.2 角的比较与运算]一、选择题1.如图K -45-1,AM 为∠BAC 的平分线,则下列等式错误的是( )图K -45-1A.12∠BAC =∠BAM B .∠BAM =∠CAM C .∠BAM =2∠CAMD .2∠CAM =∠BAC2.已知O 是直线AB 上一点,OC 是一条射线,则∠AOC 与∠BOC 的关系是( ) 链接听课例1归纳总结 A .∠AOC 一定大于∠BOC B .∠AOC 一定小于∠BOCC .∠AOC 一定等于∠BOCD .∠AOC 可能大于、等于或小于∠BOC3.如图K -45-2,点O 在直线AB 上,射线OC 平分∠AOD ,若∠AOC =35°,则∠BOD 等于( )图K -45-2A .145°B .110°C .70°D .35°4.如图K-45-3,OC是∠AOB的平分线,OD平分∠AOC,且∠COD=25°,则∠AOB 等于()图K-45-3A.50°B.75°C.100°D.20°5.如图K-45-4,下列各式中错误的是()图K-45-4A.∠AOC=∠1+∠2B.∠AOC=∠AOD-∠3C.∠1+∠2=∠3D.∠AOD-∠1-∠3=∠26.如图K-45-5,若∠AOB=∠COD,则()图K-45-5A.∠1>∠2 B.∠1=∠2C.∠1<∠2 D.∠1与∠2的大小关系不能确定7.如图K-45-6所示,已知直线AB上有一点O,射线OD和射线OC在直线AB同侧,∠AOD=42°,∠BOC=34°,OM是∠AOD的平分线,则∠MOC的度数是()图K-45-6A.125°B.90°C.38°D.以上都不对8.如图K-45-7,已知∠AOC=∠BOD=90°,∠AOD=150°,则∠BOC的度数为()图K-45-7A.30°B.45°C.50°D.60°9.将一张长方形纸片折叠成如图K-45-8所示的形状,则∠ABC的度数是()图K-45-8A.73°B.56°C.68°D.146°10.已知∠AOB=70°,以O为端点作射线OC,使∠AOC=42°,则∠BOC的度数为() A.28°B.112°C.28°或112°D.68°二、填空题11.如图K-45-9所示,若∠AOC=90°,∠BOC=30°,则∠AOB=________;若∠AOD=20°,∠COD=50°,∠BOC=30°,则∠BOD=______,∠AOC=________,∠AOB =________.图K-45-912.如图K-45-10所示,∠AOC=90°,∠AOB=∠COD,则∠BOD=__________°.图K-45-1013.如图K-45-11所示,OC是∠AOB的平分线,∠AOD比∠BOD大30°,则∠COD 的度数为________.图K-45-1114.如图K-45-12所示,已知OE是∠AOB的平分线,C是∠AOE内的一点,若∠BOC =2∠AOC,∠AOB=114°,则∠BOC=________°,∠EOC=________°.图K-45-12三、解答题15.计算下列各题(结果化成度、分、秒的形式):(1)103.3°+176°42′;(2)108°18′-56.5°;(3)25°36′12″×4;(4)46.8°÷6.链接听课例2归纳总结16.已知∠AOB=90°,OC是一条可以绕点O转动的射线,ON平分∠AOC,OM平分∠BOC.(1)当射线OC转动到∠AOB的内部时,如图K-45-13①,求∠MON的度数;(2)当射线OC转动到∠AOB的外部时(90°<∠BOC<180°),如图②,∠MON的度数是否发生变化?说明理由.链接听课例3归纳总结图K-45-1317.如图K-45-14所示,已知射线OC将∠AOB分成1∶3的两部分,射线OD将∠AOB分成5∶7的两部分,若∠COD=15°,求∠AOB的度数.图K-45-14转化思想O为直线AB上一点,过点O作射线OC,使∠BOC=65°,将一块三角尺的直角顶点放在点O处.(1)如图K-45-15①,将三角尺MON的一边ON与射线OB重合,则∠MOC=________;(2)如图②,将三角尺MON绕点O逆时针旋转一定角度,此时OC是∠MOB的平分线,求∠BON和∠CON的度数;(3)将三角尺MON绕点O逆时针旋转至图③的位置时,∠NOC=∠AOM,求∠NOB的度数.图K -45-15教师详解详析[课堂达标]1.[解析] C 因为AM 为∠BAC 的平分线,所以12∠BAC =∠BAM ,∠BAM =∠CAM ,2∠CAM =∠BAC.故选C.2.[解析] D 由题可知射线OC 可能靠近OA 这一侧,那么此时∠AOC 就小于∠BOC ;如果射线OC 靠近OB 这一侧,那么∠AOC 就大于∠BOC ;如果射线OC 平分∠AOB ,那么∠AOC =∠BOC =90度.综上所述,∠AOC 可能大于、等于或小于∠BOC.3.B 4.C5.[解析] C 因为OC 不一定是∠AOD 的平分线,所以结论∠1+∠2=∠3不一定成立,即C 中的式子是错误的.故选C.6.[解析] B 因为∠AOB =∠COD ,即∠1+∠DOB =∠2+∠DOB ,所以∠1=∠2. 7.[解析] A 因为OM 是∠AOD 的平分线,所以∠AOM =21°.又因为∠BOC =34°,所以∠MOC =180°-21°-34°=125°.8.A 9.A10.[解析] C 如图,若点C 与点C 1重合,则∠BOC =∠AOB -∠AOC =70°-42°=28°;若点C 与点C 2重合,则∠BOC =∠AOB +∠AOC =70°+42°=112°. 故选C.11.[答案] 120° 80° 70° 100°[解析] 若∠AOC =90°,∠BOC =30°,则∠AOB =∠AOC +∠BOC =90°+30°=120°.若∠AOD =20°,∠COD =50°,∠BOC =30°,则∠BOD =∠COD +∠BOC =50°+30°=80°;∠AOC =∠AOD +∠COD =20°+50°=70°;∠AOB =∠AOD +∠COD +∠BOC =20°+50°+30°=100°.12.[答案] 90[解析] ∠BOD =∠COD +∠BOC =∠AOB +∠BOC =∠AOC =90°. 13.[答案] 15°[解析] 设∠BOD =x ,则∠AOD =x +30°,∠AOB =2x +30°.因为OC 是∠AOB 的平分线,所以∠COD =∠AOD -12∠AOB =x +30°-12(2x +30°)=15°.14.[答案] 76 19[解析] 因为OE 是∠AOB 的平分线, ∠AOB =114°,所以∠BOE =12∠AOB =12×114°=57°.因为∠BOC =2∠AOC ,∠AOB =114°, 所以∠BOC =114°×23=76°.所以∠EOC =∠BOC -∠BOE =19°.15.解:(1)103.3°+176°42′=103°18′+176°42′=280°. (2)108°18′-56.5°=108°18′-56°30′=51°48′. (3)25°36′12″×4=100°144′48″=102°24′48″. (4)46.8°÷6=7.8°=7°48′.16.解:(1)因为ON 平分∠AOC ,OM 平分∠BOC , 所以∠NOC =12∠AOC ,∠MOC =12∠BOC.所以∠MON =∠MOC +∠NOC =12∠BOC +12∠AOC =12∠AOB =45°.(2)∠MON 的度数不发生变化,仍然是45°.理由如下: 因为ON 平分∠AOC ,OM 平分∠BOC , 所以∠NOC =12∠AOC ,∠MOC =12∠BOC.所以∠MON =∠MOC -∠NOC =12∠BOC -12∠AOC =12∠AOB =45°.17.[解析] 把求∠AOB 的度数转化为解一元一次方程. 解:设∠AOB 的度数为x.因为射线OC 将∠AOB 分成1∶3的两部分, 所以∠AOC =14x.因为射线OD 将∠AOB 分成5∶7的两部分, 所以∠AOD =512x.又因为∠COD =∠AOD -∠AOC ,∠COD =15°, 所以15°=512x -14x ,解得x =90°,即∠AOB 的度数为90°. [素养提升]解:(1)因为∠MON =90°,∠BOC =65°, 所以∠MOC =∠MON -∠BOC =90°-65°=25°. (2)因为∠BOC =65°,OC 是∠MOB 的平分线, 所以∠MOB =2∠BOC =130°.所以∠BON=∠MOB-∠MON=130°-90°=40°.所以∠CON=∠BOC-∠BON=65°-40°=25°.(3)因为∠BOC=65°,所以∠AOC=∠AOB-∠BOC=180°-65°=115°.因为∠MON=90°,所以∠AOM+∠NOC=∠AOC-∠MON=115°-90°=25°. 又因为∠NOC=∠AOM,所以2∠NOC=25°.所以∠NOC=12.5°.所以∠NOB=∠NOC+∠BOC=77.5°.。

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课时作业45
1.毛泽东说:百家争鸣是在诸子百家、春秋战国时代,有许多学说自由争论。

现在我们也需要这个,在中华人民共和国宪法范围之内,各种学术思想,让他们去说,不去干涉他们。

在刊物上、报纸上可以说各种意见。

对此理解准确的是()
A.在刊物上、报纸上可以自由言论
B.在学术问题上允许发表不同意见
C.在《宪法》范围内允许任何争鸣意见
D.社会科学的争鸣要在《宪法》范围内
解析:本题考查理解问题的能力。

毛泽东的意思是学术探讨,古代就有榜样,我们应学习,A项表达错误;C、D两项列出了大前提,不符合毛泽东提倡百家争鸣的用意。

所以A、C、D三项没有反映这段话的实质性问题。

答案:B
2.根据老舍同名经典话剧改编的电视剧版《茶馆》在央视八套黄金档播出后引起观众热议,有关《茶馆》的命运,如下图所示。

其中《茶馆》的重生主要得益于()
①“双百”方针的贯彻
②“二为”方向的指导
③国家政府设立的戏曲艺术方面的政府奖的鼓励措施
④破除“文艺黑线专政”的鼓噪
A.①②③④B.①②③
C.①②④D.②③④
解析:本题考查学生识图分析能力。

据图可知《茶馆》的重生是在新时期。

在新时期,在“双百”方针和“二为”方向的指导下,文学艺术创作再现勃勃生机。

同时原有文学艺术再现欣欣向荣的繁荣景象。

国家设立的一批文化艺术奖也推动文化精品的创作和繁荣。

故①②③正确。

④属于“文化大革命”时期,不符合时间限制,故排除。

答案:B
3.1955年,植物学家胡先骕因为批评前苏联生物学家李森科而遭到批判。

1956年,周恩来与中科院负责人谈话:“科学是科学,政治是政治,……如果李森科不对,我们没有理由为李森科辩护,我们就向被批评的胡先骕承认错误。

”该谈话()
A.体现了“双百”方针的精神
B.实现了思想路线上的拨乱反正
C.反映了学术问题政治化的要求
D.蕴含了“科教兴国”的战略思想
答案:A
4.下列关于“双百”方针遭到破坏的表述不正确的是()
A.从过渡时期开始的
B.把学术问题当成政治问题
C.把学术争论说成阶级斗争
D.不同的学说、观点被看作是代表不同的阶级利益
解析:A表述不正确,“双百”方针遭到破坏的主要原因是政治运动扩大化和“文革”的到来,这些因素是在全面建设社会主义时期出现的。

答案:A
5.右图是由张国立、唐国强在电影《建国大业》中扮演的蒋介石和毛泽东。

下列说法准确的是()
A.《建国大业》产生了巨大的国际影响
B.革命战争成为新时代电影的主要题材
C.是改革开放后我国电影发展的一个缩影
D.图片人物的服装是“西服”的前身
解析:本题考查分析理解能力。

材料中的信息不足以说明A项正确。

B项革命战争成为新时代电影的主要题材的说法本身有误,因为新时代电影题材是多种多样的,革命战争题材只是其中一种,因此,B项说法太绝对。

从图示中可以形象地看出二人穿着的都是中山服,这种服装是孙中山先生结合中西方服饰发明的,体现了明显的中西合璧的特点,但不是“西服”的前身,因为中山装发明之前,西服已经存在了。

《建国大业》受到如此欢迎,从一个侧面反映了改革开放后我国电影获得了很大发展。

答案:C
6.20世纪50-70年代,我国社会发展遭遇了重大挫折或损失,主要表现是()
①“大跃进”②“教育革命”
③“百家争鸣”④知识青年上山下乡
A.①②④B.①②③④
C.①③④D.①②
解析:历史上两次“百家争鸣”都是我国文化事业进步的标志,如战国时期的“百家争鸣”,璀璨辉煌。

1956年毛泽东倡导科学上“百家争鸣”,新中国科学技术领域出现繁荣景象,故不选③。

而①对我国经济产生巨大打击,②对我国教育事业造成巨大挫折,④对我国科技文化事业造成巨大损失,且三者的时间符合题意,故A项正确。

答案:A
7. 艺术创作反映了时代特征,右图《上山下乡光荣》可以直接用于研究的主题是
() A.“三大改造”和“双百”方针的贯彻
B.“三下乡”活动
C.“文化大革命”的历史
D.邓小平全面整顿思想
解析:“文革”期间,为解决城市青年就业问题,毛泽东发出“知识青年上山下乡”的号召。

答案:C
8.“双百”方针提出后,文学艺术领域出现了百花齐放的繁荣景象,其中描写热火朝天的农村建设的作品是()
答案:D
9.全面贯彻党的教育方针,大力实施素质教育的关键在于()
A.基础教育B.中等教育
C.高等教育D.继续教育
解析:本题旨在考查学生理解分析历史问题的能力。

基础教育是整个教育事业的根基。

答案:A
10.“文革”结束后,教育作为“文革的重灾区”,面临许多问题。

刚刚复出的邓小平自告奋勇抓教育。

在他采取的下列措施中,与下图合影者身份直接相关的措施是()
A.整顿恢复教学秩序B.恢复中断十年的高考制度
C.组织编写新教材D.倡导尊师重教
答案:B
[高考真题训练]
1.(2010·广东文综)下列说法体现了“双百”方针内涵的是()
A.“要革命派,不要流派”
B.“争论会引起党内思想不一致”
C.“让样板戏占领革命舞台”
D.“不打棍子,不戴帽子,不抓辫子”
解析:“双百”方针是我党为保障在文学、艺术、学术等领域的创作自由和学术自由,促进文艺繁荣的政策,A、B、C三项都不利于文艺和学术自由,都不符合“双百”方针的内涵,因此,正确答案为D项。

答案:D
2.(2009·广东文基)《中华人民共和国义务教育法》颁布于()
A.20世纪70年代B.20世纪80年代
C.20世纪90年代 D. 21世纪初
解析:《中华人民共和国义务教育法》是1986年4月12日第六届全国人民代表大会第四次会议通过的,1986年7月1日起施行。

答案:B
3.(2008·广东文基)关于1956年“百花齐放,百家争鸣”方针的提出,不符合史实的是
() A.确保了学术文化事业此后十多年的繁荣
B.吸取了我国历史上学术、文化发展的经验
C.纠正了科学文化领域存在的教条主义倾向
D.总结了中国共产党领导科学文化事业的教训
解析:“双百”方针提出于1956年,但很快就由于1958年反右斗争扩大化和1966-1976年的“文化大革命”而受到严重干扰和损害,故A项不符合史实。

答案:A
4.(2008·广东)建国后各时期的教育方针具有不同的时代特点。

属于“文化大革命”时期的教育方针是()
A.“教育要面向现代化,面向世界,面向未来”
B.“紧密结合阶级斗争和路线斗争的实际组织教学”
C.“以培养工业建设人才和师资为重点,发展专门学院”
D.“肃清封建的、买办的、法西斯主义的思想,发展为人民服务的思想”
解析:解答本题时注意与“文化大革命”的时代背景和特点相结合。

十年“文革”是“左”倾错误发展到“以阶级斗争为纲”的严重恶果,故此时期的教育也与“阶级斗争”有关,答案为B项。

答案:B
5.(2007·广东)20世纪90年代,中共中央为实现我国社会主义现代化而作出的重大部
署是()
A.开展真理标准问题的大讨论
B.实施科教兴国的战略
C.提出“三个面向”的教育方针
D.提出“百花齐放,百家争鸣”的方针
解析:真理标准问题的讨论在1978年,不选A项;“三个面向”是1983年提出的,不选C项;“双百”方针是1956年提出的,不选D项;只有B项符合题干要求。

答案:B。

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