3基础知识

3.3 Ellipsis
Any substance is made of atoms, whether it is a gas, a liquid, or a solid .
任何物质, 无论是气体、液体或固体, 皆由原子组成。
It is thirty cubic meters in volume .
electron diode transistor field-effect transistor oscillator oscilloscope radar radio ohm’s low cathode anode
microprocessor amplifier varactor impedance modem codec
a an the
be do
show
take have get give find form
work
increase
obtain
perform account carry operate large small more good big round square
great high
hard little simple complex all ago more
(3) Small as atoms are, electrons are still smaller .
as
引导让步从句。
(4) A voltmeter is an instrument for measuring voltage . for 表示目的。 (5) The insulator was burned for overheating .
The Basic Knowledge of Scientific and Technical English
0.1 Key Problems 0.2 The Criteria of Translation 0.3 Changes in Translation 0.4 Numbers and Quantities 0.5 Math Symbols and Expressions
(3) Abbreviations掌握一定数量的专业缩写词汇是顺利阅 读专业文献所必须的。
KVL -- Kilchoff’s law LTI -- linear time invariant FET -- field-effect transistor MOS -- metal-oxide-semiconductor
在提供极大的通信容量方面, 对激光的重要性不能估计过高。
(3) In the AND circuit, “1” signals on all inputs give a “1” output ; output is “0” , if all inputs are not “1” .
错!
在“与”电路中, 若所有输入端为“1”信号, 则输出“1” ; 若所有输 入端不是“1”, 则输出“0” 。
通信系统常利用其载频来分类。
3.2 Changing word order
The main device failure mode is second breakdown . 错!
主要器件的失效模式是二次击穿 。
We will begin by defining signal processing as any operation that changes the characteristics of an electrical signal . 我们首先把信号处理定义为改变电信号特性的任何操作。 Integrated circuits were successfully developed in American in 1958 . 集成电路于1958年在美国研制成功。
beyond except for by means of nought one two
from in into of
ten twenty-eight hundred thousand million two third a gquarter one per cent
billion first second one half
(1) In semiconductor devices, an electrode is an electric and mechanical contact to a region of the device . 错! 半导体器件的电极是通向该器件某一区域的电气触点和机械触点。 (2) The importance of the laser can not be overestimated in that it can provide extremly high capacity for communications . 错!
Big system: every four orders of magnitude ( For engineering )
体积是30立方米。
3.4 Supplements
Radar astronomy is the radar investigation of celestial objects . 雷达天文学是利用雷达研究天体的科学。 The first term of Fourier series is called the fundamental, the others the harmonics .
ratio is called constant
(2) This electron beam sweeps across each line at the uniform rate, then flies back to scan another line directely below the earlier one and so on till the horizontal lines into which it is desired to break or split the picture have been scanned in the desired sequence .
and as for
as well as
as if
Байду номын сангаас
if
bouth....and either....or but
not only....but also even if or yet while
energy form
material line process time result
unit value
1.3 Long Sentences
★ 依据谓语动词把复合句分解成简单句。 ★ 依据关键词简化词组。
(1) The ratio of the capacitance with some material other than air between the plates, to the capacitance of the same capacitor with air insulation, is called the dielectric constant of that particular matrial .
area field method
effect distance limit period direction
other such
that this their these which it its itself
(2) Speciality vocabularies专业词汇绝大部分是名词或名 词词组，以及少量形容词。词意单一，罕有歧义，用法简 单。需要积累。
0.6 How to Write a Thesis
1. Key Problems

1.1 Vocabularies词汇 1.2 Form Words虚义词 1.3 Long Sentences长句


1.1 Vocabularies
(1) Common vocabularies普通词汇在科技英语中的意义 和用法与在普通英语中基本上是一致的。
basic common
internal all
already before
finally immediately nearly so
usually never frequently actuately slowly
about above
after among
at behind beside between by off on over up to
for 表示原因。
(6) For all its great size, the machine moves noiselessly .
for 引导让步短语。
(7) While energy is the capacity, power is the quantity of work done in unit time . while 引导并列从句, 表示比较。 (8) The circuit, while it containssome nonlinear dvicies, can be considered linear . while 引导让步从句。
傅里叶级数的第一项称为基波, 其它各项称为谐波。
3.5 Extension
The product yield is a sensitive function of process control . 产品的成品率与工艺控制密切相关。
4. Numbers and Quantities
4.1 Number Systems
beam sweeps each line flies back to scan another line it is desired to break picture into lines