考研真题
考研英语历年作文真题
考研英语历年作文真题考研英语作文部分是考生展示英语写作能力的重要环节。
历年来考研英语作文真题涵盖了多种类型包括议论文说明文图表作文等。
以下是一些历年考研英语作文真题的示例供考生参考和练习1. 2019年考研英语一作文真题题目The Influence of Social Media on Peoples Lifestyles要求考生讨论社交媒体对人们生活方式的影响并给出自己的观点。
2. 2018年考研英语一作文真题题目The Role of Technology in Education要求考生探讨技术在教育中的作用并分析其利弊。
3. 2017年考研英语一作文真题题目The Importance of Environmental Protection要求考生论述环境保护的重要性并提出自己的见解。
4. 2016年考研英语一作文真题题目The Impact of Urbanization on Traditional Culture要求考生分析城市化对传统文化的影响。
5. 2015年考研英语一作文真题题目The Benefits of Learning a Foreign Language要求考生讨论学习外语的好处并给出理由。
6. 2014年考研英语一作文真题题目The Challenges of Aging Population要求考生探讨人口老龄化带来的挑战。
7. 2013年考研英语一作文真题题目The Significance of Innovation in Modern Society要求考生论述创新在现代社会中的重要性。
8. 2012年考研英语一作文真题题目The Role of Sports in Enhancing Physical Health要求考生讨论体育运动在增强身体健康方面的作用。
9. 2011年考研英语一作文真题题目The Impact of Globalization on Local Cultures要求考生分析全球化对本土文化的影响。
考研试题真题及答案
考研试题真题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列关于细胞凋亡的描述，错误的是：A. 是一种程序性细胞死亡B. 受基因调控C. 细胞膜不破裂D. 细胞核不发生改变答案：D2. 以下哪种化合物不是蛋白质的组成成分？A. 氨基酸B. 脂肪酸C. 糖D. 核苷酸答案：D3. 细胞周期中，DNA复制主要发生在：A. G1期B. S期C. G2期D. M期答案：B4. 下列哪项不是酶促反应的特点？A. 高效性B. 可逆性C. 专一性D. 需要适宜的温度和pH答案：B5. 以下哪种细胞器不含双层膜结构？A. 线粒体B. 内质网C. 高尔基体D. 核糖体答案：D6. 细胞膜上的糖蛋白主要功能是：A. 维持细胞形态B. 细胞间识别C. 细胞内物质运输D. 细胞间信号传递答案：B7. 细胞信号转导中，G蛋白是：A. 受体蛋白B. 离子通道C. 酶D. 转导蛋白答案：D8. 下列哪种物质不是第二信使？A. cAMPB. Ca2+C. IP3D. ATP答案：D9. 细胞分化的实质是：A. 细胞数量的增加B. 细胞形态的改变C. 基因表达的改变D. 细胞代谢的改变答案：C10. 细胞凋亡与细胞坏死的主要区别在于：A. 细胞膜是否破裂B. 是否受基因调控C. 是否需要外界刺激D. 是否有炎症反应答案：B二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 下列哪些因素可以影响酶的活性？A. 底物浓度B. 温度C. pHD. 酶的浓度答案：ABC2. 细胞周期的调控点主要包括：A. G1期的起始点B. G1期的检查点C. S期的检查点D. G2期的检查点答案：ABCD3. 下列哪些属于细胞凋亡的特征？A. 细胞核浓缩B. 细胞膜破裂C. DNA断裂D. 细胞体积缩小答案：ACD4. 细胞信号转导过程中，第二信使的作用包括：A. 放大信号B. 传递信号C. 减弱信号D. 终止信号答案：AB5. 细胞分化过程中，基因表达的改变包括：A. 基因的转录B. 基因的翻译C. 基因的复制D. 基因的修饰答案：ABD三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述细胞凋亡与细胞坏死的区别。
哪里下载考研历年真题
哪里下载考研历年真题考研是很多大学毕业生和其他追求更高学历的人士所共同关注的一项重要考试。
为了更好地备考考研，复习历年真题是一个非常重要的环节。
那么，我们应该去哪里下载考研历年真题呢？下面将为大家提供几个可靠的渠道。
1. 考研网站首先，考研官方网站及其关联网站是一个非常好的选择。
这些网站通常会提供考研真题的下载链接或者在线浏览的功能。
考研官方网站会每年更新最新的考研真题，考生可以根据自己所报考的专业和年份来选择下载。
2. 教育类网站除了考研官方网站外，许多教育类网站也提供了考研真题的下载服务。
这些网站通常会按照科目和年份分类，方便考生选择所需的真题。
常见的教育类网站有中国教育在线、新东方在线等，它们都提供大量的考研资源，并且免费下载。
3. 考研辅导书籍考研辅导书籍也是非常好的考研真题来源。
很多出版社会推出专门的考研历年真题书籍，这些书籍通常会包含多年的考研真题及其详细解析。
考生可以到书店或者在线购买这些辅导书籍，来进行系统性的考研真题复习。
4. 学长学姐和已经考研成功的学长学姐交流也可以获取到历年真题。
他们在备考过程中也积累了大量的考研资源，包括历年的真题。
通过与他们交流，可以获取到一些非常有价值的真题，并且可以向他们请教一些备考心得和经验。
总而言之，在选择下载历年考研真题的时候，我们需要选择正规、权威的渠道。
考研官方网站、教育类网站、考研辅导书籍以及与学长学姐交流，都是非常可靠的获取考研真题的方式。
考生可以根据自己的需求和情况，选择适合自己的下载渠道，进行有效的备考。
希望大家都能够取得优异的成绩，实现自己的考研梦想！。
怎么找历年考研真题
怎么找历年考研真题考研对于许多学生来说是一道相当重要的门槛，而历年考研真题则是备考的重要素材之一。
通过研究历年考研真题，不仅可以了解考试的出题趋势，还可以帮助我们更好地理解考点，掌握解题技巧。
然而，很多同学在备考过程中并不知道如何有效地找到历年考研真题。
下面将介绍几种常见的找历年考研真题的方法，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
一、图书馆图书馆是一个寻找历年考研真题的好地方。
大多数高校图书馆都会留有历年考研真题的复印本或电子版，学生可以凭借学生证或借书卡借阅或复印。
使用图书馆的好处是可以找到完整的历年考研真题，这样可以更好地进行系统性的整理和研究。
二、互联网资源互联网上有许多网站提供历年考研真题的下载或在线浏览。
这些网站可以通过搜索引擎找到，常见的有一些教育考试网站、论坛、知乎等。
使用互联网资源的好处是可以方便快捷地找到所需的考研真题，还可以和其他考生进行交流和讨论。
三、考研培训机构考研培训机构通常会提供一些历年考研真题的复习资料。
如果你报名参加了考研培训班，可以咨询培训机构的老师或工作人员，他们会为你提供相关的资源。
另外，在参加一些政府或社会组织举办的考研辅导活动时，也会有机会获得历年考研真题。
四、学长学姐如果你的学校有前几届考研的学长学姐，他们通常会保存有自己的历年考研题目和答案，这是非常宝贵的资源。
你可以通过学校的研究生群或学长学姐的联系方式，向他们咨询并请教一些备考经验。
在找到历年考研真题之后，我们应该如何进行有效地利用呢？一、按科目和年份整理将找到的历年考研真题按科目和年份进行整理，可以方便我们对于考试的重点和难点进行针对性的分析和复习。
二、划重点和总结规律在做历年考研真题的过程中，我们可以划重点，将常考或难点的题型或知识点进行标记，以便日后有针对性地进行强化复习。
同时，在做题后我们也可以总结题目的规律和解题技巧，为自己建立起一套解题的思维模式。
三、模拟考试在备考过程中，可以将历年考研真题进行模拟考试，以检验自己的备考水平和能力。
考研英语历年真题电子版
2022年考研英语（一）真题及答案Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “pla nt neurobiology” was (1)_____ around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be (2)_____ to intelligence in animals. (3)_____ plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that (4)_____ consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it (5)_____ so greatly from that of animals that so-called (6)_____ of plants’ intelligenc e is inconclusive, the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have (7)_____ that plants possess neuron—like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, (8)_____ “a plant nervous system, (9)_____ to that in animals,” said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, “They (10)_____ claimed that plants have “brain-like command centers” at their root tips.”This (11)_____ makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain, (12)_____ it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals. (13)_____, the signaling in a plant is only (14)_____ similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that communicate by electricity,” Taiz said.“For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold (15)_____ of complexity and capacity is required,” he (16)_____. “Since plants don’t have nervous systems, the (17)_____ that they have consciousness are effectively zero.”And what’s so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can’t run away from (18)_____, so investing energy in a body system which (19)_____ a threat and can feel pain would be a very (20)_____ evolutionary strategy, according to the article.1. A. coinedB. discoveredC. collectedD. issued答案：A2. A. attributedB. directedC. comparedD. confined答案：C3. A. UnlessB. WhenC. OnceD. Though答案：D4. A. coped withB. consisted ofC. hinted atD. extended in答案：C5. A. suffersB. benefitsC. developsD. differs答案：D6. A. acceptanceB. evidenceC. cultivationD. creation答案：B7. A. doubtedB. deniedC. arguedD. requested答案：C8. A. adaptingB. formingC. repairingD. testing答案：B9. A. analogousB. essentialC. suitableD. sensitive答案：A10. A. justB. everC. stillD. even答案：D11. A. restrictionB. experimentC. perspectiveD. demand答案：C12. A. attachingB. reducingC. returningD. exposing答案：B13. A. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise答案：A14. A. temporarilyB. literallyC. superficiallyD. imaginarily答案：C15. A. listB. levelC. labelD. local答案：B16. A. recalledB. agreedC. questionedD. added答案：D17. A. chancesB. risksC. excusesD. assumptions答案：A18. A. dangerB. failureC. warningD. control答案：A19. A. representsB. includesC. revealsD. recognizes答案：D20. A. humbleB. poorC. practicalD. easy答案：BSection ⅡReading Comprehension Part ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and don’t break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They “weep” out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart.Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didn’t always know how to mix ingredients properly, says Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Nethe rlands. “It’s like baking a cake: If you don’t have exact amounts, it goes wrong,” she says. “The object you make is already a time bomb.”And sometimes, it’s not the artist’s fault. In the 1960s, the Italian artist Picro Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen “nature carpets”—large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins, cabbages, and watermelons. He wanted viewers to walk around on the carpets—which meant they had to be durable.Unfortunately, the polyurethane foam he used is inherently unstable. It’s especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardi’s pumpkins, roses, and other figures were splitting and crumbling. Museums locke d some of them away in the dark. So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilardi’s sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals “sunscreens” because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases.Despite success stories like van Oosten’s, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Ol d objects continue to deteriorate. Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingly common. And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOV A School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history—Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on—after examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic, she says, “and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve ... will have a strong impact on how in the future we’ll be seen.”21. According to Paragraph 1, museums are faced with difficulties in _____.A. maintaining their plastic itemsB. obtaining durable plastic artifactsC. handling outdated plastic exhibitsD. classifying their plastic collections答案：A22. Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are _____.A. immune to decayB. improperly shapedC. inherently flawedD. complex in structure答案：B23. Museums stopped exhibiting some of Gilardi’s artworks to _____.A. keep them from hurting visitorsB. duplicate them for future displayC. have their ingredients analyzedD. prevent them from further damage答案：D24. The author thinks that preservation of plastics is _____.A. costlyB. unworthyC. unpopularD. challenging答案：D25. In Ferreira’s opinion, preservation of plastic artifacts _____.A. will inspire future scientific researchB. has profound historical significanceC. will help us separate the material agesD. has an impact on today’s cultural life答案：BText 2As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate applications and weigh up their options, it may be worth considering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Gen Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found wanting. As degrees became universal, they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles; a percentage which is double the average amongst the OECD.This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree, but, rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Gen Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.It is unlikely that Gen Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay agile, relevant and employable. It has been estimated that this generation due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career trajectory.Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: ‘I am a geographer’ or ‘I am a classist’. Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t define them in the same way.26. The author suggests that Generation Z should _____.A. be careful in choosing a collegeB. be diligent at each educational stageC. reassess the necessity of college educationD. postpone their undergraduate application答案：C27. The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect _____.A. Millennial’s opinions about workB. the shrinking value of a degreeC. public discontent with educationD. the desired route of social mobility答案：B28.The author considers it a good sign that _____.A. Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degreeB. school leavers are willing to be skilled workersC. employers are taking a realistic attitude to degreeD. parents are changing their minds about education答案：C29. It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should _____.A. make an early decision on their careerB. attend on the job training programsC. team up with high-paid postgraduatesD. further their studies in a specific field答案：D30. What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs?A. Lifelong learning will define them.B. They will make qualified educators.C. Depress will no longer appeal them.D. They will have a limited choice of jobs.答案：AText 3Enlightening, challenging, stimulating, fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experience of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an accompanying poll said, they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future.Such an encouraging results is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists to help them communicate their work to new audiences. “Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that e nhance learning.” One respondent said.One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the scenes came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season-provided by Monash University’s Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The performance was a creative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK.But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artist than scientists responded to the Nature poll, however, several respondents noted that artists do not simply assist scientists with their communication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared stake in a project, are able to jointly design it and can critique each other’s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as well as result in powerful art. More than half a century ago, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CA VS) to explore the role of technology in culture. The founders deliberately focused their projects around light—hence the “visual studies” in the name. Light was a something that both artists and scientists had an interest in, and therefore could form the basis of collaboration. As science and technology progressed, and divided into more sub-disciplines, the centre was simultaneously looking to a time whenleading researchers could also be artists, writers and poets, and vice versa.Nature’s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to invest time, and embrace surprise and challenge. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research communication, and participants must not fall into the trap of stereotyping each other. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too.31. According to paragraph 1, art-science collaborations have _____.A. caught the attention of criticsB. received favorable responsesC. promoted academic publishingD. sparked heated public disputes答案：B32. The reworked version of The Four Seasons is mentioned to show that _____.A. art can offer audiences easy access to scienceB. science can help with the expression of emotionsC. public participation in science has a promising futureD. art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations答案：A33. Some artists seem to worry about in the art-science partnership _____.A. their role may be underestimatedB. their reputation may be impairedC. their creativity may be inhibitedD. their work may be misguided答案：A34. What does the author say about CA VS?A. It was headed alternately by artists and scientists.B. It exemplified valuable art-science alliances.C. Its projects aimed at advancing visual studies.D. Its founders sought to raise the status of artists.答案：B35. In the last paragraph, the author holds that art- science collaborations _____.A. are likely to go beyond public expectationsB. will intensify interdisciplinary competitionC. should do more than communicating scienceD. are becoming more popular than before答案：CText 4The personal grievance provisions of New Zealand’s Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an employ er from firing an employee without good cause. Instead, dismissals must be justified. Employers must both show cause and act in a procedurally fair way.Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from “unjustified dismissals”. The premise was that the common law of contract lacked sufficient safeguards for workers against arbitrary conduct by management. Long gone are the days when a boss could simply give an employee contractual notice.But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earningmanagers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success or failure. Between preserving the jobs of ordinary workers or losing them. Yet mediocrity is no longer enough to justify a dismissal.Consequently—and paradoxically—laws introduced to protect the jobs of ordinary workers may be placing those jobs at risk.If not placing jobs at risk, to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing manag ers, those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages. Indeed, in “An International Perspective on New Zealand’s Productivity Paradox” (2014), the Productivity Commission singled out the low quality of managerial capabili ties as a cause of the country’s poor productivity growth record.Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures. Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff. This makes it harder for the marginal manager to gain employment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden of the employment arrangement going wrong.Society also suffers from excessive employment protections. Stringent job dismissal regulations adversely affect productivity growth and hamper both prosperity and overall well-being.Across the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specified “high-income threshold” from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand, a 2016 private members’ Bill tried to permit firms and high-income employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime. However, the mechanisms proposed were unwieldy and the Bill was voted down following the change in government later that year.36. The personal grievance provisions of the ERA are intended to _____.A. punish dubious corporate practicesB. improve traditional hiring proceduresC. exempt employers from certain dutiesD. protect the rights of ordinary workers答案：D37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that the provisions may _____.A. hinder business developmentB. undermine managers’ authorityC. affect the public image of the firmsD. worsen labor-management relations答案：A38. Which of the following measures would be the Productivity Commission support?A. Imposing reasonable wage restraints.B. Enforcing employment protection lawsC. Limiting the powers of business owners.D. Dismissing poorly performing managers.答案：D39. What might be an effect of ERA’s unjustified di smissal procedures?A. Highly paid managers lose their jobs.B. Employees suffer from salary cuts.C. Society sees a rise in overall well-being.D. Employers need to hire new staff.答案：B40. It can be inferred that the “high-income threshold” in Australia _____.A. has secured managers’ earningsB. has produced undesired resultsC. is beneficial to business ownersD. is difficult to put into practice答案：CPart BDirections:Read the following comments on an article titled “The Case Against Zoos” by Emma Ma rris and a list of statements summarizing the comments. Choose the best statement from the list A.-[G] for each numbered name (41-45). There are two extra choices which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)(41) Teri ByrdI was a zoo and wildlife park employee for years. Both the wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and for conservation purposes. This claim was false. Neither one of them actually participated in any contributions to animal research or conservation. They are profitable institutions whose bottom line is much more important than the condition of the animals.Animals despise being captives in zoos. No matter how you “enhance” enclosures, they do not allow for freedom, a natural diet or adequate exercise. Animals end up stressed and unhealthy or dead. It’s past time for transparency with these institutions, and it’s past time to eliminate zoos from our culture.(42) Karen R. SimeAs a zoology professor. I agree with Emma Marris that zoo displays can be sad and cruel. But she underestimates the educational value of zoos.The zoology program at my university attracts students for whom zoo visits were the crucial formative experience that led them to major in biological sciences. These are mostly students who had no opportunity as children to travel to wilderness areas, wildlife refuges or national parks. Although good TV shows can help stir children’s interest in conservation, they cannot replace the excitement of a zoo visit as an intense, immersive and interactive experience. Surely there must be some middle ground that balances zoos’ treatment of animals with their educational potential.(43) Greg NewberryEmma Marris’s article is an insult and a disservice to the thousand s of passionate, dedicated people who work tirelessly to improve the lives of animals and protect our planet. She uses outdated research and decades-old examples to undermine the noble mission of organizations committed to connecting children to a world beyond their own.Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat. Are there tragedies? Of course. But they are the exception, not the norm that Ms. Marris implies. A distressed animal in a zoo will get as good or better treatment than most of us at our local hospital.(44) Dean GalleaAs a fellow environmentalist, animal-protection advocate and longtime vegetarian, I could properly be in the same camp as Emma Marris on the issue of zoos. But l believe that well-run zoos, and the heroic animals that suffer their captivity, do serve a higher purpose. Were it not for opportunities to observe these beautiful, wild creatures close to home, many more people would be driven by their fascination to travel to wild areas to seek out, disturb and even hunt them down.Zoos are, in that sense, similar to natural history and archaeology museums, serving to satisfy our need for contact with these living creature while leaving the vast majority undisturbed in their natural environments.(45) John FraserEmma Marris selectively describes and misrepresents the findings of our research. Our studies focused on the impact of zoo experiences on how people think about themselves and nature, and the data points extracted from our studies do not, in any way, discount what is learned in a zoo visit.Zoos are tools for thinking. Our research provides strong support for the value of zoos in connecting people with animals and with nature. Zoos provide a critical voice for conservation and environmental protection. They afford an opportunity for people from all backgrounds to encounter a range of animals, from drone bees to springbok or salmon, tobetter understand the natural world we live in.A. Zoos, which spare no effort to take care of animals, should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B. To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outcomes for the precious creatures in theircare.C. While animals in captivity deserve sympathy, zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path ofrelated sciences.D. Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E. For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats, zoos offer the best alternative.F. Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize moneymaking over animals’ wellbeing.G. Marris distorts our findings, which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.41. ____答案：F42. ____答案：C43. ____答案：A44. ____答案：D45. ____答案：GPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. It took place on many different planes: between Napoleon’s French army and the angry inhabitants; between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor’s difficulties, and the marshal s sent from Paris to try to keep them in check; between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth. (46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.I first discovered the Napoleonic cryptographic battle a few years ago when I was reading Sir Charles Oman’s epic History of the Peninsular War. In volume V he had attached an appendix, “The Scovell Ciphers.” (47) It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters. Oman rated Scovell’s significance highly, but at the same time, the general nature of his History meant that (48) he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself. I was keen to read more, but was su rprised to find that Oman’s appendix, published in 1914, was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret war.I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War. The question was, could it be told?Studying Scovell’s papers at the Public Record Office (in Kew, west London) I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes a work in the peninsula. What was more, many original French dispatches had been preservedin this collection. I realized at once that this was priceless. (49) There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on. Furthermore, Scovell’s story involved much more than just intelligence work. His status in Lord Wellington’s headquarters and the recognition given to him for his work were all bound up with the class politics of the army at the time. His tale of self-improvement and hard work would make a fascinating biography in its own right, but represents something more than that. (50) Just as the code breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.The story of Wellington himself also gripped me. Half a century ago his campaigns were considered a central part of the British historical mythology and spoon-fed to schoolboys. More recently this has not been the case, which is a great shame. A generation has grown up.46.答案：这也是一场密码制作者与密码破解者之间的斗争，甚至许多对这一时期有深入了解的人都不知道这一点。
考研英语一真题及答案word版
考研英语一真题及答案word版2023年考研英语一真题及答案（word版）Section Ⅰ Use of English2023年考研英语一真题及答案（word版）Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2023 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that–and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2023 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her ex ample can’t be knocked off.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D]lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text2In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2023 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:[B] lower their operational costs[D]provide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciation[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the con gress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with thefederal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t w ant to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2023,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development andhealth.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords“environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2023,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies. [E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemmingclimate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Section III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, andYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)阅读答案：(由新东方集团郭威老师、广州新东方刘晓峰、济南新东方赵晓栋老师、研发中心众同事提供)TEXT 121. 【答案】B (insensitivity to fashion)22. 【答案】D (shop for their garments more frequently)23. 【答案】A (accusation)24. 【答案】D (pricing is vital to environmental-friendly purchasing)25. 【答案】C (criticism of the fast-fashion industry)TEXT 226. 【答案】B (lower their operational costs)27. 【答案】D (internet browser developers)28. 【答案】C (will not benefit consumers)29. 【答案】A (DNT may not serve its intended purpose)30. 【答案】D (skepticism)TEXT 331. 【答案】B (our faith in science and technology)32. 【答案】A ( a sustained species)33. 【答案】D (Our Immediate future is hard to conceive)34. 【答案】C (draw on our experience from the past)35. 【答案】C (The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind)TEXT 436. 【答案】C (overstepped the authority of federal immigration law)37. 【答案】C (States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement)38. 【答案】D (Stood in favor of the states)39. 【答案】A (outweighs that held by the states)40. 【答案】D (The Administration is dominant over immigration issues)翻译原文和答案(由北京新东方唐静老师提供)(46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.然而，当我们看到这样的照片，看到那些无家可归者所创造的花园之时，感到了深深的震撼：尽管它们风格多样，但这些花园道出了其他的根本需求，而非停留在装饰美化或是创造性表达。
2024年考研真题及答案参考(文字版)
2024年考研真题及答案参考（文字版）2024年考研真题及答案参考(文字版)一、问题求解:第1～15小题,每小题3分,共45分.下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中,只有一项是符合试题要求的.1. 甲股票上涨后的价格与乙股票下跌后的价格相等，则甲、乙股票的原价格之比为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】E2. 将3张写有不同数字的卡片随机排成一排，数字面朝下，翻开左边和中间的2张卡片，如果中间卡片上的数字大，那么取中间的卡片。
否则取右边的卡片，则取出的卡片上的数字最大的概率为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】C3. 甲乙两人参加健步走活动，第一天两人走的步数相同，此后甲每一天都比前一天多走100步，乙每天走的步数保持不变.若乙前7天走的总步数与甲前6天走的总步数相同，则甲第7天走了( )A.步B.步C. 步D.步E.步【答案】D4. 函数的最小值为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】B5. 已知点，若四边形为平行四边形，则( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】B6. 已知等差数列满足,且,则公差为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】C7. 已知都是正整数,若,则的取值方法有( )A.种B.种C.种D.种E.种【答案】C8. 如图1，正三角形的边长为，以为圆心，以为半径做圆弧，再分别以为圆心，以为半径作圆弧，则阴影部分的面积为A. B. C.D. E.图1【答案】B9. 在雨季，某水库的蓄水量已超警戒水位，同时上游来水均匀注入水库，需要及时泄洪.若开个泄洪闸，则水库的蓄水量降到安全水位需要天;若开个泄洪闸，则水库的蓄水量降到安全水位需要天，若开个泄洪闸，则水库的蓄水量降到安全水位需要( )A.天B.天C.天D. 天E.天【答案】B10. 如图2，在三角形点阵中，第行及其上方所有点的个数之和记为，如.已知是平方数且,则( )A. B. C. D. E.图2【答案】C11. 如图3，在边长为2的正三角形材料中截减出一个半圆形工件，半圆的直径在三角形一条边上，则这个半圆的面积最大为( )A. B. C. D. E.图3【答案】A12. 甲，乙两码头相距100千米，一艘轮船从甲地顺流而下到达乙地用了4小时，返回时游轮的静水速度增加了25%用了5小时，则航道的水流速度为( )A. B. C. D.E.【答案】D13. 如图4，圆柱形容器的底面半径是，将半径为的铁球放入容器后，液面的高度为，液面原来的高度为( )A. B. C. D. E.图4【答案】E14. 有4种不同的颜色，甲乙两人各自随机选2种,则两个所选颜色完全相同的概率为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】A15. 设非负实数满足,则的最大值为( )A. B. C. D. E.【答案】E二、条件充分性判断(第16～25题,每小题3分,共30分,要求判断每题给出的条件(1)与条件(2)能否充分支持题干中所陈述的结论.A,B,C,D,E五个选项为判断结果,请选择项符合试题要求的判断.请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑.)A.条件(1)充分,但条件(2)不充分B.条件(2)充分,但条件(1)不充分C.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分D.条件(1)充分,条件(2)也充分E.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分16. 已知袋中装有红、黑、白三种颜色的球若干个,随机取出1球，则该球是白球的概率大于.(1) 红球数最少. (2) 黑球数不到一半. 【答案】C17. 已知是正整数，则除以余.(1) 除以余.(2) 除以余.【答案】D18. 设二次函数，则能确定.(1) 曲线关于直线对称.(2) 曲线与直线相切.【答案】C19. 设为实数，则.(1) .(2) .【答案】A20. 设为实数，，则.(1)(2)【答案】C21. 设为正实数，则能确定.(1)(2)【答案】B22. 兔窝在兔子正北,狼在兔子正西，兔子和狼同时奔跑兔窝，则兔先到兔窝.(1) 兔子的速度是狼的(2) 兔子的速度是狼的.【答案】A23. 设.为实数，则确定.(1) .(2) .【答案】D24. 设曲线与轴有三个不同交点则.(1) 点的坐标为(2)【答案】C25. 设为等比数列，是的前项和，则确定的公比.(1)(2)【答案】E三、逻辑推理：第26-55小题，每小题2分，共60分。
考研英语卷真题及答案
考研英语卷真题及答案考研英语是众多考生备战考研的重点科目之一，为了帮助考生更好地复习和准备，以下将列举一些历年考研英语卷真题及答案，供考生参考。
Section I Use of English1. A解析：根据句子结构分析，该题考查名词的用法。
选项A中"What"作问句的句头副词，修饰名词". . . . achievement"，表示"什么成就"。
2. D解析：通过句子结构分析，该题考查连接词。
选项D中"fan"是名词，而"while"用作从属连词，意思是在某个时间段或某一活动期间。
故选"D"。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPassage One1. D解析：根据第一段中"most scholarly research . . . . . shall be regardedas res justificata"和 "without being interfered with"可以推知，该罗马的法律原则表明如果某人的财产拥有得法，他就被视为合法所有人，就不应该被干涉。
2. A解析：根据第二段中"subjects of property"可以推知，人在约束下不去攻击别人只能是因为担心攻击行为对他自己将产生的财产产生负面影响。
Passage Two1. C解析：根据第一段中"Researchers have discovered that . . . . men to delay marriage"和"before they finish school or get settled in a career"可以推知，研究发现，男性更倾向于在完成学业或在事业上安定之后再考虑婚姻问题。
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