8B U1 grammar 1. River
8b unit1 grammar
regular: v.+ed e.g chang— changed—changed clean—cleaned—cleaned liAAA ABB ABC
original cost read meet catch ride speak begin drink eat
THANK YOU
8B Unit1 Grammar
2010.4.19
Look and think
1.I have just eaten it .
2.You have changed too.
Present perfect tense
现在完成时
现在完成时的构成
助动词have/ has+p.p(过去 分词)
forms of p.p
动 词 填 空：
Have cleaned 1._____ you already________ (clean) the room?
have done Yes. we __________(do) that already. seen Has 2.______ he ______(see) this film yet? Yes. Have been 3. _____you ever ______(be) there many times?
二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或状态,但动作或状 态可能仍在继续。
She has lived here since she was born.
I have taught English for 26 years.
现在完成时的基本句型
①肯定形式。主语+ have/has+ 过去分词+其它e.g. I have done my homework She has gone to her school. ②否定形式。主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词+… （在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为 haven’t/hasn’t）e.g. I haven’t done my homework. She hasn’t gone to her school.
牛津译林版 八年级英语下册8B unit1单元知识点归纳总结
八年级英语下册8B unit1知识点&语法汇总一、重点短语1. in the past few years 在过去的几年中2. at present 目前3. in the future 未来；将来4. an hour ago 一小时前5. in the bowl在碗里6. share sth. with sb.和….分享…7. be kind to sb. 对…友好8. wait for the next one 等下一辆车9. know…very well 非常了解… 10. since I was born自我出生以来11. move house 搬家12. get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb. 和某人结婚13.marry sb. to sb.把某人嫁给某人14. since then 从那以后15. move two blocks away 搬到两个街区以外16. change a lot改变许多17. over the years 在这些年期间(现在完成时)18. in the town center= in the center of the town在镇中心19.a steel factory 一家钢铁厂20. water pollution水污染air pollution空气污染noise pollution噪音污染21. put the waste into the river把废料扔进河put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟/延期22. realize the problem意识到问题23. take action to improve the situation采取行动改善情况24. much cleaner 干净得多25. have a beautiful modern town拥有一个美丽现代化的城镇26.most of my old friends我的大多数老朋友27. move away 搬走28.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌，下中国象棋29. the amazing changes 令人惊奇的改变30.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼31..all one’s life 某人的一生32. repair over ten bicycles 修十多辆自行车33.the changes in Beijing北京的变化34. over the past century上个世纪期间35.learn more about更多了解关于…… 36. plan to do sth.计划做某事37. hear about/of 听说hear from sb. 收到某人来信38. clean and fresh air干净新鲜空气39.living condition居住环境40. railway station火车站41. travel to and from the town by bus乘公交进出城镇42. another big change 另一个大变化43. move into new flats搬进新的公寓move out of…搬出…44. return from the USA 从美国回来return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人45. go abroad 出国，去国外at home or abroad在国内外46. at primary school 在小学47.keep in touch with each other互相保持联络municate by email 通过电子邮件交流49.make communication much easier使沟通更容易communicate with sb.和某人保持联系50. be/get used to (doing) sth习惯于（干）某事get used to the changes of life 习惯了生活的变化51. take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)52. green hills all around 到处都是绿山53. a river runs through the centre of town 一条小河穿过镇中心54. on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自55、throw rubbish扔垃圾56、in some large open spaces 在一些大的开阔的地方57、in their free time 在他们业余时间58、travel around the town在镇里转转59、have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车60.narrow and dirty roads 又窄又脏的公路61.wide and clean streets宽阔而干净的街道62.green trees on both sides两边绿树63.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒服的生活64. from time to time=at times=sometimes有时二、词汇梳理1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。
(完整)英语笔记8B Unit1+unit2 grammar
P.6看见in the past 用过去时看见at present 现在时The river was dirty in the past.It is clean at present.句中有表达过去的时间的词时应该用一般过去时：This English lesson began just now.This English lesson began half an hour ago.现在完成时表达到现在为止已经做好的动作一般形式为：have/has+done(过去分词)This English lesson has just begun.just(用现在完成时）≠just now(用一般过去时）当询问起细节应该用一般过去时Why did you eat my food?He’s seen the film before , hasn’t he?He’s never late for school , is he?He’s=he is =he has 要看后面的动词P.7when I was in Grade onewhen I was sixI began to study English eight years agoin 2005for eight yearssince eight years agoI have studied English since 2005since I was sixsince I was in Grade One★it is +一段时间+since+句子（过去时）It is 8 years since I began to study EnglishEight years has passed since I began to study English.提问for... since... 应用how longHow long has Beijing had coaches?since 1958Beijing has had coaches for 55 yearssince fifty-five years agoP.8-9★现在完成时还可以表达过去某个动作对现在造成影响和后果。
8b Unit 1 grammar
Have you……? 疑问 Has he……?
按要求进行句型转换
1. He has already finished his homework.(一 般问句，并作肯定、否定回答) Has he finished his homework yet ? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. /Not yet. 2. I have never been to Beijing before.(一般 问句) Have you ever been to Beijing before? 3. They have learned around five units.(提问)
kept
borrow
have/has kept
The film has begun for 10 minutes.
been on
begin
have/has been on
The concert has finished for half an hour.
been over
finish
have/has been over
有些动词不能和for, since, how long 等连用
• He has bought the book. • He has bought the book for a week. • He has had the book for a week.
She has bought the computer for two years.
15. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 16. They _____already_____(do) their homework. But they don’t know what_____ (do) next. 17. ---____ you _____ (see) the film last night? ---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times. 18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. 19. My father ___________ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He____ already _________(pay) fifty yuan for it. 20. She____________ (not read) this book before. 21. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before? 22. --- ____ Wei Hua _____ (come) yet? ---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now. 23. ---How long _____you __________(learn) English? ---For more than two years.
8B_Unit1_Grammar
Task6: Finish Part C on page 14
M: ________ (see) any Have you ________ seen films recently, Sandy? S: No, I haven’t. What about you? M: Well, I ________ saw (see) one last Saturday.
注:不规则动词见书上122页不规则动词表.
Task4: Finish Part A on page 14
1 borrow borrowed 2 hope 3 make 4 get 5 plan 6 cry hoped made got planned cried 7 send sent
8 watch
2. I _______________ haven't finished (not finish) the work yet.
3. Have _____ you _______ known (know) him since then?
5. build___________6. choose___________ built chosen 7. cost____________8. do_______________ done cost eaten 9. drink___________10. eat______________ drunk driven 11. drive__________12. fall______________ fallen 13. fly____________14. forget____________ forgotten flown
Most verbs + ed
8B_Unit1_Grammar1
Do you remember Mr Chen?
How long has he lived in Sunshine Town?
He has lived in Sunshine Town since he was two years old.
Has he ever moved house?
改错:
1.The students have has cleaned the classroom. The classroom is clean now. 2.Mum has cooked cook supper. Supper is ready now. 3.I have see seen the new film. It is interesting. 4.His family have lived lived here since 2000. 5. I have try tried on the hat. It doesn’t suit me.
原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词 put
think thought
catch give make caught given made written
put
cost grow hurt
cost grown
hurt run
write
run
原形 feel fall fly have drink
过去分词 felt
Yes, he has.
Has Millie known the town well?
No , she hasn’t.
Where have his friends moved?
八年级下册英语(苏教版八年级)8BU1 Grammar语言点
8BU1 Grammar语言点一．现在完成时的主要用法（一）表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在,常与since, for, recently, so far, since…ago, over/in/ during the past years等连用。
（二）. 表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响或结果,常与already, yet, just, ever, never, before连用。
（三）. 表示动作直到现在有多少次了. 常与once, twice, many times, how many times连用二．现在完成时的基本句型①陈述句肯定形式。
主语+ have/has+ 过去分词+其它I have had lunch. 已经吃过午饭了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
②陈述句否定形式。
主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词+…（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t）I haven’t had lunch. 我还没吃午饭He ha sn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。
③一般疑问句形式及其答语。
Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋…?（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）肯定回答：Yes , 主语＋have/has. 否定回答：No , 主语＋haven’t/hasn’t.－Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了吗？－Yes, he has ./ No, he hasn’t.④特殊疑问句形式。
（疑问词+一般疑问句）特词+ have/has+主语＋过去分词＋…？Where has he gone? 他去了哪里？练习： 1.They have finished their homework. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)2.Mr. and Mrs. Li have come back.(改为否定句)3.John has played this computer game a few times.(改为否定句)4.We have seen that film. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)5.Mr. Dong has repaired over ten bikes since last Monday. (改为否定句)三．过去分词的构成规则变化1、直接加–ed looked watched 2、以不发音的e结尾的，加–d changed moved3、以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加-ed studied carried4、重读闭音节，一元加一辅，双写辅音字母，加-ed planned dropped stopped不规则变化见课本第122-123页。
8B U1 Grammar
8B U1 Grammar课题：8B Unit1 Grammar班级姓名【温故预习】一、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词。
1. move _______ ________2. bring _______ ________3. fall _______ ________4. try _______ ________5. grow_______ ________6. forget _______ ________7. plan _______ ________ 8. show _______ ________ 9. see _______ ________10. live _______ ________ 11. catch_______ ________ 12. run _______ ________13.stay _______ ________ 14. drive _______ ________ 15.begin _______ ________二、读一读，记一记，试一试。
一）、现在完成时1. 我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成的但对现在又一定影响的动作。
其结构为“主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词+其他成分。
”如：He here since he came to Nanjing. (live)否定句形式：主语+have/ has+ not+动词的过去分词+其他成分。
I my mobile phone. (not lose)疑问句形式：---Have/ Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他成分？--- Yes, …have/ has. --- No, …haven’t/ hasn’t.e.g.：--- _______ you _______ English before? --- No, I _______ never _______ English. (learn) 2. 动词的过去分词的变化。
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Think：？？？ 我已经在扶沟县生活14年了。
现在完成时
I have been to Xinyang once. 我去过信阳一次。
用法3：现在完成时表到现在为止某动作发生了多少次。
Task 2: Discussion
Can you work out the rules?
现在完成时的构成
助动词have /has
+
过去分词(done)
Task 3: 现在完成时的时间状语
◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already,
never, ever, just, yet, before, so far, in the past few years等,表示“到目前为止” 所发生的动作.
eg: for two years since two years ago
上一页
主菜单
下一页
肯定句中
already
否定句和疑问句中
yet
Task 4 :A guessing game
Let's have a try !
• Why does her look so happy?
Have you ___________a picture of her? （照相）(take)
上一页
主菜单
下一页
Task 3: Let's learn more
Can you work out the rules?
■
I have already watched this TV programme(节目) since Have you watched this TV programme yet? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
two hours ago.
■
Has he/ she watched this TV programme yet?
Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasn’t.
• When have you watched this Tv programme?
现在完成时的基本句型 P12
They are husband and wife.
They have been married for 2 years.
I have changed
a lot so far.
I'm an English teacher now.
I became a teacher 2 years ago.
I have been an Englsh teacher for two years.(过去的时间点)
I have been to
Xinyang once.
What about you ?
What about you ?
We learned English 5 years ago.
We have learned English since 5 years ago.
We have learned English for 5 years. （时间段）
P14 exercises
• • • • • •
have finished has visited has repaired have not seen have not come has taught
•Have seen •saw •have learnt •have heard
Task 5: 过去分词变化规则
规则动词： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再 加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅 音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped
Learning Aims：
1. 现在完成时的含义 2. 现在完成时的构成 3. 与现在完成时连用的时间状语 4. 现在完成时过去分词的构成
Task 1: Think & find out
Let's enjoy some pictures!
She is a famous star. She has changed a lot so far.
现在完成时
She has changed a lot so far.
（她现在和以前不同） 到目前为止，她变化很大。 用法1：现在完成时表动作发生在过去并对现在造成影 响。
I have been a an Englsh teacher for two years.
我已经当了两年英语老师了。
用法2：现在完成时表动作发生在过去并一直持续到现在， 有可能继续持续下去。
Who is the big winner ?
3. He has already finished his homework . 否定句：___________________________ 一般疑问句： __________________________ 肯定回答：________ , she _______. 否定回答：________ , she _______ .
不规则变化
AAB
过去分词的构成
beat cut Come run meet catch do forget beat cut came ran met caught did forgot beaten cut come run met caught done forgotten
AAA ABA
ABB
ABC
drink eat
上一页
drank ate
drunk eaten
P122
1
2
3
4
5
p0
当堂检测：
用现在完成时态完成下面的句子： have done (do) my homework already. • I ________ has not finished • He _____________(not finished) his homework yet. • Have ____you ever been _____(be) to Beijing? seen have • We ______ never ______ (see) such an exciting match before. have practiced • They _____________(practice) this dialogue twice.
Who is the big winner?
1. They have finished their homework.. 否定句： ___________________________ 一般疑问句： __________________________ 2. We have seen that film before. 否定句： ___________________________ 一般疑问句： __________________________
• Why is Sun Yang so excited?
Has he ________ swimming race?
（他已经赢得游泳比赛了吗）(win)
• Why is he so sleepy?
Has he _________ ?
(打电脑游戏)
Has President Obama____with President Xi? （谈话） Yes, he ____. / No, he ____.
Homework
1.Remember today’s contents. P14
pare your hometown’s past and present.
• • • • • • • • • • • •
borrowed hoped made got planned cried sent watched said grown hit enjoyed
①陈述句肯定形式。 主语+ have/has+ 过去分词+其它
②陈述句否定形式。 主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词+其它
(在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为 haven’t/hasn’t)
上一页 主菜单ຫໍສະໝຸດ 下一页③一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语＋ 过去分词＋其它 （将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号） 肯定回答：Yes , 主语＋ have/has. 否定回答：No , 主语＋ haven’t/hasn’t. ④特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问句） 特词+ have/has+主语＋过去分词＋其它？