Answers to Exercises in the Textbook(Lesson 1-2)

Answers to Exercises in the Textbook Lesson oneVocabularyI1.1)a lliance 2) at the cost of 3) stroke4) limp5) minus 6) regions 7) declarations 8) siege 9) raw10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2.1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is presenting on/pressed on4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through3.1) lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future2) has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike3) will/should never get in the way of her career.4) caught the foreign minister off guard.5) of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete.4.1) Being faced with …the occupation of …regions2) crucial to …efficient …to reckon with …weaken …be brought to a halt3) a heroic …the decisive …turned the tide …siege …by launchingII More Synonyms in Context1)D uring the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2)E lizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3)I spend hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned adeaf ear to all my words.4)P neumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III1 text-related1)f all ill2)lay dead at home for two weeks3)d ropped dead from a heart attack4)f eel asleep5)m arrying young6)t o sit still for longer than a few minutesComprehensive Exercises1text-related1)invasion2) stand in the way3) Conquest4) catching…off his guard5) launching6) declaration7) campaign8) drag on9) reckon with10) to a halt2. Theme –related1) allow2) reckoned3) highly4) forecasts5) rapidly6) instant7) delivery8) advantage9) observing10) powerfulII Translation1)M r. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2)W e must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3)H aving been out of a job/ Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4)Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5)S ince the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do so ,however, we had to cross marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marchland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and beganattacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard., soon surrendered.Lesson TwoVocabulary11)E xpansion2)A utomated3)V apor4)t ake control of5)h azards6)s atellite7)v ibrated8)m agnetic9)b unched10)in the air11)got/was stuck in12)approximately21)s end out2)s tand up for3)p ass for4)w ere closing in on5)s tarting up6)w ent through7)f ill out8)f all in31)i ncorporates all the latest safety features2)t wo trees ten feet apart3)a warding lucrative contracts to his construction firm4)t he prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5)a re correlated in all racial groups.4.1) the application … remote …has turned intoa reality … are poised to2) that vibrate …can detect … frequency3) lanes … are mounted… alert to …hazardII word-formationClipped wordskilogram ,memorandum ,gymnasium , liberation, doctor, veterinarian , preparatory , automobile , influenzaBlendsmedical careelectronic mailcommunications satellitenews broadcastsky hijackEuropean dollarbreakfast and lunchtelevision broadcastOxford and CambridgeIII1 swimming pool2. drawing board3. enriched Middle English4. disturbing change5. fully developed prototype6. canned foods7. working population8. puzzling differencesComprehensive Exercises 1.c loze1)c omputerized2)s tart up3)b e poised to4)a lert5)h azards6)m onotonous7)t ake control of8)s teer9)l ane10)decrease11)calculate12)eliminate13)getting14)mounted15)detect16)vapor2.t heme-related1)g enerates2)r elated3)r evolutionized4)e nabled5)o pportunities6)o verall7)m anufacturing8)d ependent9)i nteract10)fatalitiesII Translation1)T here was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance2)T he expansion of urban areas in someAfrican countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and anincrease in social problems.3)T he research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4)T he frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently.5)T he diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcoholvapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.。