地质等专业词汇
工程地质学专业词汇
英汉工程地质学专业词汇(与双语教学讲义 Engineering Geology 配套使用)黄 雨 选编同济大学地下建筑与工程系2009.10编写说明为了配合同济大学土木工程专业工程地质学双语教学改革的需要，我们于2009年，从F.G. Bell所编著的Engineering Geology(Second edition 2007)及Tony Waltham所编著的Foundations of Engineering Geology(Second edition 2001)两本书中选编了与工程地质学关系较密切的部分专业词汇，以英汉对照的形式刊出，便于学生使用。
以求对学生在双语教学课堂和课后学习时有所帮助。
使用过程中若发现不当之处，欢迎多提批评和建议，以便及时补充更正。
编者2009年10月ContentsChapter 1 Introduction....................................................................................... ..1 Chapter 2 Rock Types and Stratigraphy .. (1)Chapter 3 Geological Structure (4)Chapter 4 Soil Engineering Properties and Classification (5)Chapter 5 Groundwater (7)Chapter 6 The main engineering geology problems in civil engineering (8)chapter 7 In-situ test (10)Chapter 8 Site investigation (10)Chapter 1 Introduction Engineering geology 工程地质学engineering practice 工程实践geomorphology 地貌学structural geology 构造地质学sedimentology 沉积学petrology 岩石学stratigraphy 地层学Chapter 2 Rock Types and Stratigraphy earth crust 地壳the mantle 地幔the core 地核Mineral 矿物Rock 岩石Igneous rock 岩浆岩Sedimentary rock 沉积岩Metamorphic rock 变质岩Luster 光泽Streak 条痕Cleavage 解理Fracture 断裂Mohs’ Scale of Hardness 莫氏硬度计Talc 滑石Gypsum 石膏Calcite 方解石Fluorspar 萤石Apatite 磷灰石Orthoclase feldspar 正长石Quartz 石英Topaz 黄玉Corundum 刚玉Diamond 金刚石Pyrite 黄铁矿Hematite 赤铁矿Dolomite 白云石Olivine 橄榄石augite 普通辉石Pyroxene 辉石Amphibole 闪石Hornblende 角闪石Plagioclase 斜长石anorthite 钙长石potash feldspar 钾长石Mica 云母Muscovite 白云母Biotite 黑云母silica minerals 硅氧矿物felsic 长英矿物mafic 铁镁质矿物Kaolinite 高岭石Montmorillonite 蒙脱石Illite 伊利石Garnet 石榴子石Chlorite 绿泥石Serpentine 蛇纹石Magma 岩浆Batholiths 岩基Stock 岩株Lopolith 岩盆Sill岩床Dyke岩脉Vein纹理Lense 透镜体Plutonic rock深成岩Hypabyssal rock 浅成岩Acidic igneous rocks 酸性岩Intermediate igneous rocks 中性岩Basic igneous rocks 基性岩Ultrabasic igneous rocks 超基性岩leucocratic rock 浅色岩mesocratic rock 中色岩melanocratic rock 暗色岩hypermelanic rock 深暗色岩degree of crystallinity 结晶度crystal 晶体phenocryst 斑晶Holocrystalline 全晶质Holohyaline 全玻璃质(非晶质) massive structure 块状构造rhyotaxitic structure 流纹状构造vesicular structure 气孔状构造amygdaloidal structure 杏仁状构造Merocrystalline 半晶质granular texture 粒状构造granular texture 等粒结构Inequigranular texture 不等粒结构Porphyritic texture 斑状结构Cryptocrystalline 隐晶质Phanerocrystalline 显晶质Granite 花岗岩Pegmatite 伟晶岩Syenite 正长岩Diorite 闪长岩Gabbro 辉长岩Peridotite橄榄岩Pyroxenite 辉岩Porphyrite 玢岩Porphyry 斑岩Diabase 辉绿岩Rhyolite 流纹岩Trachyte 粗面岩Andesite 安山岩Basalt 玄武岩Pumice 浮岩lithify （使）岩化consolidation 固结作用cementation胶结作用component 成分classification 分类sediment 沉积物detrital sediment 碎屑沉积fragments of rock 岩石碎片volcanic ash 火山灰Clay mineral 粘土矿物aluminium silicate 硅酸铝hydrophilicity 亲水性plasticity可塑性dilatability 膨胀性Organic substance 有机物质size analysis 粒级分析Grading curve 级配曲线Conglomerate 砾岩Breccias 角砾岩sand stone 砂岩Siltstone 粉砂岩Mud stone 泥岩Shale 页岩Bed 岩层Chemical rock 化学岩Biochemical Rock 生物化学岩Stratum (pl. strata) 岩层Bedded 成层的Bedding 层理horizontal bedding 水平层理oblique bedding 斜层理cross bedding 交错层理graded bedding 粒级层理Stratigraphic 地层学的Bedding planes 层面Formation 组Deposit 堆积，沉淀Clastic Rock 碎屑岩Recrystallization 重结晶作用Metamorphism 变质作用metacryst texture变晶结构palimpsest texture变余结构porphyroblast 斑状变晶tabular structure 板状构造phyllitic structure千枚状构造schistose structure片状构造gneissic structure片麻状构造dynamic metamorphism 动力变质作用contact metamorphism 接触变质作用regional metamorphism 区域变质作用mountain chain 山链Directional pressure 定向压力Brecciation角砾岩化cataclasis 碎裂作用mylonitization 糜棱岩化Mylonite糜棱岩Slate 板岩Cleavage 解理Schistosity 片理Foliation 叶理Gneiss 片麻岩Marble 大理岩Quartzite 石英岩Stratification 分层Geological time 地质时期Absolute Dating绝对年龄测定Radiometric dating同位素年龄测定Relative dating相对年代测定Stratigraphic correlation method地层对比法Law of Superposition地层层序律fossil 化石index fossil 标准化石time unit 地质年代单位Geological Time Scale地质时标eon 宙Pre-Cambrian time 前寒武纪Phanerozoic time 显生宙Era 代Period 纪Epoch 世Age 期Erathem 界System 系Series 统Cenozoic新生代Mesozoic中生代Palaeozoic古生代Quaternary第四纪Tertiary第三纪Holocene全新世Pleistocene更新世Chapter 3 Geological Structure Geological structure 地质构造Deformation 变形rock failure 岩石破裂Tectonic process 构造运动Discontinuity 不连续horizontal structure 水平构造Inclined structure 倾斜构造crustal movement 地壳运动vertical movement 垂直运动outcrop 岩层露头occurrence 产状dip 倾向dip angle 倾角True dip 真倾角apparent dip 视倾角strike 走向geological survey 地质勘探geological compass 地质罗盘Fold 褶皱Syncline 向斜Anticline 背斜Hinge 枢纽Limb 翼Hinge line 枢纽线Axial plane 轴平面axial surface 轴面Fold axis 褶轴Inter-limb angle 翼间角symmetric fold 对称褶皱asymmetric fold 不对称褶皱overturned fold 倒转褶皱recumbent fold 平卧褶皱Monoclinal fold 单斜褶皱Isoclinal fold等斜褶皱Fan fold扇状褶皱Horizontal fold 水平褶皱Plunging fold倾伏褶皱Dome 穹庐composite fold 复合褶皱drag fold 拖曳褶皱terrain 地形crest 脊tectonic basin 构造盆地fracture 断裂fault 断层joint 节理residual stress 残余应力structural fracture 构造裂隙tensile fracture 张性裂隙shear fracture 剪切裂隙external force 外力Joint rose map节理玫瑰花图Fault plane 断层面Fault dip 断层倾角Fault strike 断层走向Footwall下盘Hanging wall 上盘Fault scarp 断层崖Fault line 断层线Hade 断层倾角Fault distance 断距normal fault 正断层reverse fault 逆断层strike-slip fault走向平移断层Triangular facet 断层三角面active fault 活性断层fault zone 断层带Horst 地垒Graben 地堑Slickenside 断层擦面Fault breccias 断层角砾岩conformity 整合Unconformity 不整合disconformity 假整合angular unconformity 角度不整合Rock Mass 岩体structural plane 结构面Porosity 孔隙度Deformation 变形Elasticity 弹性Plasticity 塑性modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Poisson’s ratio 泊松比transverse strain 横向应变axial strain 轴向应变Rock strength 岩石强度Compressive strength 抗压强度Unconfined Compression Test 无侧限抗压试验Tensile strength 抗拉强度Direct Pull Test 直拉试验Shear strength 抗剪强度triaxial compression test三轴压缩试验internal friction 内摩擦角mud crack 泥裂ripple mark 波痕Joint number in one cubic meter 体积裂隙数Over consolidated 超固结Chapter 4 Soil Engineering Properties andClassificationSoil 土tri-phase soil 三相土Solid particle 固体颗粒grain size 粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter 平均粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size 有效粒径grain size distribution 粒度分布Grain composition 颗粒组成Boulders 块石，漂砾Cobbles 粗砾Gravel 砂砾Sand 砂Silt 粉砂Clay粘土gradation test级配筛分试验semi-logarithmic scale半对数标度Grading curve 级配曲线Coefficient of Uniformity 不均匀系数Coefficient of Curvature,曲率系数well-graded 分选性好poorly graded 分选性差Primary mineral 原生矿物Secondary minerals 次生矿物Soluble salt 可溶盐类Organic materials 有机物质Soil Water 土壤水soil gas 土壤气体single-grained structure 单粒结构flocculent structure 絮状结构honeycomb structure蜂窝结构void ratio 孔隙比compactionness 密实度relative density, density index相对密度compressibility 压缩性coefficient of consolidation 压缩系数liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液性指数Plasticity index 塑性指数shrinkage limit 缩限weight 重度Dry unit weight 干重度Saturated unit weight 饱和重度effective unit weight 有效重度density密度relative density 相对密度maximum dry density 最大干密度Water content 含水量optimum water content 最优含水量specific gravity比重degree of saturation饱和度Eluvial soils 残积土Slope deposits 坡积物Pluvial deposits 洪积物Alluvial soil 冲击土lake deposit 湖相沉积Wind deposit 风成沉积物Glacial deposit 冰川沉积Chapter 5 Groundwater Groundwater 地下水Aquifer 含水层Infiltrate 渗透Seepage 渗流seepage force渗透力seepage velocity渗流速度Capillary water 毛细水Gravity water 重力水Bound water, combined water, held water 结合水Crystal water 结晶水Surface tension 表面张力Capillary pressure 毛细压力Wetting angle 润湿角Hydrostatic pressure 流体静压力Uplift pressure浮托力Pore pressure 孔隙压力Hydrodynamic pressure 动水压力Permeability 渗透率Unconfined aquifer orWater-table aquifer 非承压含水层Recharge 补给Confined or artesian aquifer 承压含水层Artesian well 自流井Water content 含水量Specific retention 持水度Specific yield 给水度Porosity 孔隙度Coefficient of permeability 渗透系数Hydraulic conductivity 水力传导率Hydraulic gradient 水力梯度Darcy's law达西定律Isotropic 均质Homogeneous 各向同性suspended water 包气带水phreatic water 潜水confined water 承压水karst water 喀斯特水（岩溶水）fracture water 裂隙水Pore water 孔隙水perched water上层滞水spring 泉水outcrop of spring 泉水出露contact spring 接触泉overflow spring 溢出泉eroded spring 侵蚀泉well 井artesian spring 自流泉carbonate 碳酸盐Bicarbonate 重碳酸盐carbonic acid 碳酸calcium carbonate 碳酸钙magnesium carbonate 碳酸镁carbon dioxide 二氧化碳cation 阳离子sulphate 硫酸盐chloride 氯化物anion 阴离子solubility 溶解度compound 化合物Sodium salt 钠盐hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢organism 有机物Colloid 胶体Land subsidence 地面沉降Consolidation 固结Heterogeneous不均匀的Anisotropic 各向异性的Cone of depression降水漏斗Seepage failure 渗流破坏Piping 管涌seepage forces 渗流压力Quicksand 流沙flow net 流网Chapter 6 The main engineering geology problems in civil engineeringWeathering 风化作用physical weathering 物理风化chemical weathering 化学风化biological weathering 生物风化exfoliation 剥落parent rock 母岩coefficients of expansion 膨胀系数differential expansion不均匀[局部]膨胀Freeze–thaw action 冻融作用critical moisture content临界含水率oxidation 氧化作用hydration 水化作用hydrolysis 水解作用carbonation 碳酸化作用Solution 溶解作用Anhydrite 硬石膏River 河流Valley floor 谷底river bed 河床channel cross section河槽横断面river bank 河岸attrition 磨损corrasion 侵蚀corrosion 溶蚀meander 河曲alluvial flat 河漫滩oxbow lake牛轭湖river terrace 河流阶地tectonic valley 构造谷erosional valley侵蚀谷tectonic line 构造线master stream 主流lateral corrosion 侧向侵蚀vertical erosion 下切侵蚀accumulational terrace 堆积阶地erosional terrace 侵蚀阶地pedestal terrace 基座阶地Slope failure 边坡不稳Collapse 崩塌Landslide 滑坡shear failure 剪切破坏Sliding body 滑坡体slip surface 滑动面Slip zone 滑动带sliding bed 滑坡床Sliding cliff 滑坡后壁sliding terrace 滑坡台地Sliding tongue 滑坡舌Tension crack 拉张裂缝Shear cracks 剪切裂缝Retrogressive slide 牵引式滑坡Comprehensive treatment综合治理Drainage 排水Catch drain 集水沟Drainage channel 排水槽blind drain 盲沟retaining wall 挡土墙anti-sliding pile 抗滑桩anchoring bar (pin, rod) 锚筋（钉，杆）consolidation grouting 固结灌浆rockfall 岩崩limit equilibrium methods 极限平衡法Karst 喀斯特Lapie 岩沟Clint 石芽Funnel 漏斗corroded depressionpolje 溶蚀谷corroded plain.Sinkhole 落水洞karst cave 岩溶洞underground river 暗河natural bridge 天生桥stalactite钟乳石stalagmite 石笋denudation 剥蚀作用Vertical zoning 垂直分带Dissolution 溶解Scouring 冲刷Earthquake 地震Epicenter 震中earthquake focus 震源plutonic earthquake 深源地震shallow-focus earthquake 浅源地震strong motion earthquake 强烈地震submarine earthquake 海底地震tectonic earthquake 构造地震volcanic earthquake火山地震artificial earthquake 人工地震seismograph 测震仪tsunami 海啸Mercalli Scale麦氏震级Richter scale 里氏震级Footing 基础Foundation 地基Footing 基础foundation stability 地基稳定性natural foundation 天然地基artificial foundation 人工地基shallow foundations 浅基础deep foundations 深基础pile foundation 桩基础strip footing 条形基础ultimate bearing capacity极限承载力load intensity荷载强度allowable bearing capacity容许承载力liquefaction 液化sand boil 砂沸Underground engineering地下工程Overburden覆盖层Elevation 海拔Axis 轴线Hydrogeological condition水文地质条件Subgrade 路基cutting slope 路堑边坡Chapter 7 In-situ testIn-situ test 原位测试natural structure 天然结构natural moisture 天然含水量natural state of stress 天然应力状态Loading Test 静载荷试验plate loading test 平板载荷试验critical edge pressure 临塑荷载ultimate load 极限荷载deformation modulus 变形模量Coefficient of sub-grade reaction 基床反力系数P~s curve p-s曲线s~logt curve s-logt曲线Cone Penetration Test 静力触探试验piezocone penetration test 孔压静力触探penetrometer 贯入仪Standard Penetration Test 标准贯入试验penetration resistance贯入阻力blow count 击数sampling 取样sleeve 套筒Shear Vane Test 十字板剪切试验Chapter 8 Site investigation engineering geological investigation 工程地质勘查engineering geological profiles 工程地质剖面图bore histogram钻孔柱状图。
Geology(地质)专业英语词汇
2. GEOLOGY地质2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTIONORDER岩性分类和描述顺序2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩clas clastic 碎屑岩ss sandstone 砂岩mdst mudstone 泥岩sh shale 页岩clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩sd sand 砂mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩bldr boulder 卵石pbl pebble 卵石grl gravel 砾石cgl conglomerate 砾岩gywk graywacke 硬砂岩cbl cobble 大鹅卵石ark arkose 长石砂岩grnl granule 粒砂brec breccic 角砾岩bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩argl argillite 泥板岩gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydrite 硬石膏slt salt 盐岩flint-lingite 隧石carbonate 碳酸盐岩ls limestone 灰岩，石灰岩dolo dolomite 白云石dolst dolostone 白云岩mrls marlstone 泥灰石coq coquina 贝壳灰岩biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩，钙屑灰岩 clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩micr micrite 微晶灰岩clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩grst grainstone 粒状灰岩oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩Igneous Rock 火成岩intrusive igneous 侵入岩extrusive igneous 喷出岩volc colcanic 火山岩grt granite 花岗岩dr diorite 闪长岩grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩syenite 正长岩gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩an andesite 安山岩bas basalt 玄武岩arag aragonite 纹石，霞石Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩phyl phyllite 千枚岩sl slate 板岩sch schist 片岩mbl marble 大理岩gne gneiss 片麻岩qtzt quartzite 石英岩novac novaculite致密石英岩2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色blk black 黑色brn brown 棕色yel yellow 黄色gy, gry grey 灰色or orange 橙色，桔色bl blue 蓝色gn, grn green 绿色wi, wht white 白色pnk pink 粉红色pl purple 紫色lav lavender 浅紫色，淡紫色bf buff 浅黄色tn tan 棕黄色choc chocolate 褐色och ochve 褐色，黄褐色olv olive 橄榄色crm cream 奶油色mott motted 杂色，斑点vocl varicoloree 杂色的amb amber 琥珀色lt light 淡的dk, drk dark 暗的cc color code 颜色代码2.1.3 Hardness 硬度VHD very hard 非常硬MHD middle hard 中硬H hard 硬SFT soft 软VSFT very soft 非常软2.1.4 Roundness 磨圆sharp angular 尖棱状angle angular 棱角状subangle subangular 次棱角状subrnd subround 次圆状rnd round 圆状well round 磨圆好2.1.5 Grain Size Terminology 颗粒大小术语 (see app. Table) （见附表）2.1.6 Sorting 分选go good 好f fair 一般md medium 中等pr poor 差c coarsely 粗造2.1.7 Cementation 胶结，胶结物cp compact 胶结致密dns dense 胶结密实well well 胶结好lse loose 胶结疏松sdy are sandy arenaceous 砂质sdy sandy 砂质mdy are mudy argillaceous 泥质ethy earthy 泥质cly clay 粘土质cal, calc calcarous 钙质si siliceous 硅质lim limy 灰质kao kaolin 高岭土质carb carbonaceous 碳质的qtzc quartzitic 石英质quartzizose 石英质的nac nacreous 珍珠质2.1.8 Accessories of Rock 岩石的次要成分min mineral 矿物accessary mineral 次生矿物qz, qtz quartz 石英mic, mica micaceous 云母musc muscovite 白云母biot biotite 黑云母srct sericite 绢云母fld feldspar 长石orth orthpclase 正长石plag plagioclase 斜长石gab gabbro 辉长石py pyrite 黄铁矿lmt limonite 褐铁矿mag magnetite 磁铁矿calc calcite 方解石dol dolomite 白云石gyp gypsum 石膏anhy anhydite 无水石膏sa salt 盐asph asphalt 沥青bit bitumen 沥青gil gilsomite 天然沥青flnt flint 黑燧石，电石cht chert 黑硅石chk chalk 白垩fos fossils 化石micfo microfossil 微化石macfo macrofossil 大化石pl fos plant fossil 植物化石vrtb vertebrate 脊椎动物ancient life 古生物fau fauna 动物群flo flora 植物群spo, spr spore 孢子，孢粉tri trilobite 三叶虫cor coral 珊瑚shl shell 贝壳amm ammonite 菊石alg algae 藻类diat diatoms 硅藻char charophyte 轮藻类grap graptolite 笔石类ost ostracod 介形虫（节肢动物）para paraparchites 介形虫cono conodont 牙形虫crin crinoid 海百合Tent Tentaculities 竹节石属moll mollusc 软体动物Ech Echinoid 海胆类（棘皮动物） Bry Bryozoa 苔藓动物门Ceph Cephalipod 头足纲（软体类） Belm Belmnifera 箭石属（头足类） Brach Brachinopoda 腕足类（动物门） Cyp Cypridopsis 斗星介属（介形类）foram foraminifera 有孔虫类Endo Endothgra 内卷虫属（有孔虫类）Glob Globigerina 抱球虫属（有孔虫类）Gast Gasttropod 腹足纲（软体动物）Fus Fusulinicl 纺锤蜓2.1.9 Depositional Distinguishing Feature 沉积识别特征sedimentary structure 沉积构造bdd beded 层状的bndd banded 层状的band band 夹层xlam crosslaminated 交错层理xbdd crossbeded 交错层intbdd interbeded 互层的，夹层的crnk crinkled 褶皱cont contact 接触，界面unconf unconformity 不整合conf conformity 整合crev crevive 裂隙conc concretion 结核，含有物nod nodules 结核。
地质专业词汇中英文对照
地质专业词汇中英文对照一、地层stratigraphy宇eonothem界erathem系system统series阶stage群group组formation段member显生宇Phaneozoic Eonothem 元古宇Proterozoic Eonothem 太古宇Archaean Eonothem新生界Cenozoic Erathem第四系Quaternary System全新统Holocene Series更新统Pleistocene Series 第三系Tertiary System晚第三系Neogene System上新统Pliocene Series中新统Miocene Series早第三系Paleogene System渐新统Oligocene Series始新统Eocene Series古新统Paleocene Series中生界Mesozoic Erathem白垩系Cretaceous System侏罗系Jurassic System三叠系triassic System古生界Paleozoic Erathem二叠系Permian System石炭系Carboniferous System泥盆系Devonian System志留系Silurian System奥陶系Ordovician System寒武系Cambrian System新元古界Neoproterozoic Erathem震旦系Sinian System中元古界Mesoproterozoic Erathem 古元古界Palaeoproterozoic Erathem 地层对比stratigraphic correlation 层位horizon标志层key bed哑层barren bed缺失lacuna尖灭feather edge透镜状结构lensoid连续continuity不连续discontinuity整合conformity不整合unconformity角度不整合angular unconformity平行不整合para-unconformity产状occurrence走向strike倾角dip真倾角true dip视倾角apparent dip倾伏角plunge侧倾角pitch层理bedding层面bedding planes交错层理cross bedding二、岩性lithology粘土clay粉质粘土silty clay砂sand砾石gravel沉积岩sedimentary rock火成岩igneous rock变质岩metamorphic rock粘土岩claystone, clay rock页岩shale泥岩mudstone粉砂岩siltstone泥质粉砂岩argillaceous siltstone, pelitic siltstone, muddy siltstone砂岩sandstone泥质砂岩argillaceous sandstone, pelitic sandstone, muddy sandstone砾岩conglomerate煤coal灰岩limestone泥灰岩marl, marlstone白云岩dolomite蒸发岩evaporite岩浆岩magmatic rock, magmatite 花岗岩granite玄武岩basalt凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble片麻岩gneiss夕卡岩skarn三、矿物mineral 石英quartz长石feldspar云母mica白云母muscovite 方解石calcspar角闪石hornblende 石膏gypsum硬石膏anhydrite 石盐rock salt钾石盐sylvine光卤石carnallite溢晶石tachydrite 水氯镁石bischofite 四、颜色colour灰色gray白色white黄色yellow蓝色blue绿色green黑色black红色red棕色brown黄褐色tan深色dark浅色light暗色dull五、构造tectonics 断层fault正断层normal fault逆断层reverse fault冲断层thrust走滑断层strike-slip fault 倾滑断层dip-slip fault 断层面fault surface断层线fault line地垒horst地堑graben节理joint上盘hanging wall下盘foot wall落差throw平错heave断层泥fault gouge断层角砾fault brecci海侵transgression海退regression褶曲fold背斜anticline向斜syncline褶轴fold axis轴隆区culmination轴陷区depression翼limb穹窿dome盆地basin六、水文地质hydrologic geology河流river水库reservoir泉spring地表水surface water地下水groundwater大气降水atmospheric precipitation潜水phreatic water承压水confined water层间水interstrated water地下水位groundwater level含水层aquifer, water bearing layer隔水层aquiclude, water-resisting layer 弱含水层aquitard透水层permeable bed孔隙含水层porous aquifer裂隙含水层fissured aquifer岩溶含水层karst aquifer无压含水层unconfined aquifer承压含水层confined aquifer含水岩组water-bearing formation 含水岩系water-bearing rock series 持水度water-holding capacity给水度specific yield透水性permeability富水性water yield property溶洞karst cave孔隙水pore water裂隙水fissure water岩溶水karst water补给区recharge area径流区runoff area排泄区discharge area地下径流underground runoff地下水排泄groundwater discharge降水补给precipitation recharge地表水补给surface water recharge越流补给leakage recharge水文地质单元hydrogeological unit地下水赋存条件 groundwater occurrence水文地质条件hydrogeological condition 水文地质类型hydrogeological type地下水储存量groundwater storage地下水监测groundwater monitoring抽水试验pumping test注水试验injection test入渗试验Infiltration test水文调查hydrologic investigation渗透系数osmotic coefficient矿床充水flooding of ore deposit矿床充水条件flooding condition of ore deposit矿床充水水源Water source of ore deposit flooding 矿床充水通道flooding passage in ore deposit充水岩层flooding layer老窿水goaf water矿坑涌水量water yield of mine正常涌水量normal water yield最大涌水量maximum water yield大井法Large diameter well method开采疏干simultaneous draining in mining地下疏干underground draining地表疏干surface draining疏干钻孔drain well疏干巷道draining tunnel矿井突水water bursting in mines突水点water bursting point防水矿柱ore pillar preventing water burst矿井堵水water blocking in mines探水钻孔water exploration borehole注浆孔grouting well最高洪水位maximum flood level七、工程地质egineering geology顶板roof顶板稳定性roof stability顶板冒落带caving zone of top wall顶板裂隙带fissure zone of top wall顶板管理roof control顶板支护roof support顶板崩落collapse of roof底板floor, footwall底鼓footwall heaving岩石物理性质physical properties of rock岩石力学性质mechanical properties of rock 抗压强度compressive strength抗拉强度tensile strength岩爆rock burst软弱结构面weak structural plane工程地质条件engineering geologic condition 八、环境地质environmental geology岩崩rock fall滑坡landslide泥石流mud-rock flow地震earthquake地面沉降subsidence地面开裂land crack地面塌陷ground surface collapse塌陷坑collapse pit地下水污染groundwater pollution地表水污染surface water pollution污染源pollution source地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resource depletion地下水质恶化deterioration of groundwater quality 九、资源/储量resource/reserve矿产资源mineral resources储量reserves基础储量reserve base资源量resources可采储量proved reserves预可采储量probable reserves探明的measured控制的indicated推断的inferred预测的prognostic远景储量prospective reserves经济的economic边际经济的marginally economic次经济的subeconomic内蕴经济的intrinsically economic矿石ore矿层ore bed矿床ore deposit矿块ore block矿柱ore pillar, ore column矿石品位ore grade富矿体ore shoot, ore course 贫矿poor ore。
地质专业英语词汇（G-H）_地质专业英语词汇
gabbro 辉长岩gabbro norite 辉长苏长岩gabbroid 辉长岩状gabbronite 硅铍钇矿gacial stade 亚冰期gadding machine 平行钻孔钻架gadolinite 硅铍钇矿gadolinium 钇gagate 煤精gage 量规gage pressure 计示压力gage well 测定井gageite 水硅锰镁锌矿gaging station 水文观测站gahnite 锌尖晶石gain 放大gain control 增益蝶gain of antenna 天线增益gaining stream 潜水补给河gal 伽galaxite 铁尖晶石galena 方铅矿galenite 方铅矿galenobismuthite 辉铅铋矿galery 巷道gallium 镓galvanometer 电疗gamagarite 水钒钡石gamete 配子gamma 伽马gamma activity 放射性gamma background 本底gamma contour map 伽马等值线图gamma gamma logging 伽马伽马测井gamma log 伽马测井剖面gamma neutron log 伽马中子测井剖面gamma neutron logging 伽马中子测井gamma quantum 量子gamma radiator 辐射体gamma radiography 照相术gamma ray logging 伽马线测井gamma ray source 伽马源gamma ray spectroscopy 谱学gamma spectrometer 伽马能谱仪gamma spectrometry 伽马能谱测定法gang condensers 同轴电容器gang switch 联动开关ganged capacitors 同轴电容器gangue 脉石gangue mineral 脉石矿物gangue rock 脉石岩ganister 致密硅岩ganoid scale 硬鳞ganomalite 硅钙铅矿ganophyllite 辉叶石gap 峡谷;间隙;海谷gap in the succession of strata 地层间断gaping fault 张开断层garble 畸变garnet 石榴石garnierite 硅镍矿gas 瓦斯gas absorption 气体吸收gas amplification 气体电离放大gas bearing 含气的gas bearing petroleum 含气石油gas chromatograph 气体色谱仪gas coal 气煤gas constant 气体常数gas cushion 瓦斯垫层gas deposit 气体矿床gas exchange 气体交换gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸gas field 气田gas flame coal 长焰煤gas injection 注气法gas of mud volcano 泥火山气gas oil ratio 油气比gas pipe line 输气管道gas reservoir 气藏gas trap 气体收集器gaseous 气状的gaseous inclusion 气体包裹体gash vein 裂缝脉gasification 气化gasify 煤气化gasket 衬垫gastral cavity 胃腔gastropods 腹足类gate 门电路gate amplifier 选通放大器gate opener 开路gate pulse 门脉冲gate valve 制水阀gather 乐取gauss 高斯gaussian curve 高斯曲线gaussian distribution 正态分布gaylussite 单斜钠钙石geanticline 地背斜gear pump 齿轮泵gedinnian stage 吉丁尼阶gedrite 铝直闪石gehlenite 钙铝黄长石geiger muller counter 盖革弥勒计数管geikielite 镁钛矿gel 凝胶gel structure 凝胶构造gelatinate 使胶凝gelatination 胶凝gelatine 煤gelatinize 使胶凝gelatinous microcomponent 凝胶化组分gelation 软胶化gem 宝石gemmule 芽球gemology 宝石学gena 颊genal spine 颊刺genealogical tree 系统树genealogy 系统学general geology 普通地质学general stratigraphic column 综合地层柱状剖面图general term 普通项general trend 一般走向generating plant 发电设备generation 世代generation of mineralization 矿化世代generation of structure 构造世代genesis 发生genetic mineralogy 成因矿物学genetic relationship 亲缘关系genetic type of ore deposit 矿床成因类型genetic types of coal 煤成因类型geniculate 膝状的geniculated twin 膝状双晶genoholotype 属完模genotype 属型genthite 镍水蛇纹石genus 属geoanticline 地背斜geoarchaeology 地质考古学geoastronomy 宇宙地质学geobarometer 地质压力计geobasin 地盆geobiochemical circulation 地球生物化学的循环geobiochemistry 地球生物化学geobotanical prospecting 地植物勘探geobotany 地植物学geocentric 地心的geocentric latitude 地心纬度geochemical 地球化学的geochemical anomaly 地球化学异常geochemical balance 地球化学均衡geochemical behavior 地球化学性状geochemical behaviour of elements 元素的地球化学性状geochemical classification 地球化学分类geochemical cycle of elements 地球化学的元素循环geochemical differentiation 地球化学分异酌geochemical facies 地球化学相geochemical geothermometer 地球化学地热温标geochemical landscape 地球化学景观geochemical leading elements 地球化学标准元素geochemical map 地球化学图geochemical migration of elements 地球化学的元素迁移geochemical process 地球化学酌geochemical prospecting 地球化学勘探geochemical province 地球化学区geochemistry 地球化学geochemistry of the atmosphere 大气地球化学geochemistry of the biosphere 生物地球化学geochemistry of the hydrosphere 水圈地球化学geochemistry of the landscape 景观地球化学geochemistry of the lithosphere 岩石圈地球化学geochemistry of the soil 土壤地球化学geochron 地质时期间程geochronic geology 地史学geochronologic unit 地质年代单位geochronology 地质年代学geochronometry 地质年代测定法geocinetics 地壳运动学geocline 地形差型geocorona 地冕geocronite 斜方硫锑铅矿geocryology 地质低温学geode 异质晶旋geodepression theory 地洼学说geodesic 测地的geodesy 测量学geodetic surveying 大地测量geodome 地穹geodynamics 地质力学geogeny 地球成因学geognosy 地球构造学geogony 地球成因学geographic 地理的geographical 地理的geographical cycle 地理旋回geographical distribution 地理分布geographical isolation 地理隔离geographical landscape 地理景观geographical latitude 地理纬度geographical longitude 地理经度geographical map 地图geographical unconformity 地理不整合geographical variation 地理的变异geography 地理geography of landscape 景观学geohydrology 地质水文学geoid 地球体geoisotherm 等地温线geologic analogy method 地质学的类比法geologic barometer 地质压力计geologic body 地质体geologic control 地质学的控制geologic dynamic simulation 地质动态模拟geologic hazard 地质灾害geologic log 地质测井记录geologic setting 地质构造geologic thermometer 地质温度表geologic time 地质年代geological aerosurveying 地质航空勘测geological age 地质时代geological background 地质背景geological boundary 地质界线geological college 地质学院geological column 地质柱状剖面geological compass 地质罗盘geological conditions 地质条件geological correlation 地质学的对比geological cycle 地质旋回geological environment 地质环境geological formation 地质建造geological hammer 地质锤geological map 地质图geological map of the moon 月球地质图geological processes 地质酌geological profile 地质剖面图geological promising 地质前途geological province 地质区域geological record 地质编录geological remote sensing 地质遥感geological reserves 地质储量geological science 地球科学geological section 地质剖面geological static simulation 地质静态模拟geological structure 地质构造geological survey 地质勘查geological surveying party 勘探隧geological suryey 地质甸所geologicl engineering 工程地质学geologist 地质学者geology 地质学geology of the moon 月球地质学geomagnetic axis 地磁轴geomagnetic field 地磁场geomagnetic latitude 地磁纬度geomagnetic polarity time scale 古地磁极性年代表geomagnetic pole 地磁极geomagnetic reversal 地磁逆转geomagnetis daily variation 地磁日变化geomagnetism 地磁geomathematics 地质数学geomechanics 地质力学geometric crystallography 几何结晶学geometric factor 几何因子geometric mean 几何平均geometric similarity 几何相似geometrical structure factor 几何构造因素geomicrobiology 地球微生物学geomorphic profile 地貌剖面图geomorphic survey 地貌甸geomorphic type 地貌类型geomorphic unit 地貌单元geomorphogeny 地貌成因学geomorphologic agent 地貌营力geomorphologic division 地貌区划geomorphologic landscape 地貌景观geomorphological map 地貌图geomorphological structure 地貌构造geomorphology 地貌学geonomy 地球学geopedology 地质土壤学geophone 地震检波器geophysical exploration 地球物理勘探geophysical prospecting 地球物理勘探geophysicist 地球物理学者geophysics 地球物理学geophyte 地下芽植物geoplanetology 行星地质学geopotential 重力势georceixite 钡磷铝石geoscience 地球科学geosphere 岩石圈geostatic pressure 地静压力geostatics 刚体动力学geostatistics 地质统计学geostrophic wind 地转风geosynclinal bicouple 地槽双对偶geosynclinal block 地槽块geosynclinal concave 地槽凹geosynclinal convex 地槽凸geosynclinal couple 地槽对偶geosynclinal subside 地槽陷geosynclinal uprise 地槽隆geosyncline 地槽geosyncline close 地槽封闭geotechnics 地质工学geotectocline 大地构造槽geotectology 大地构造学geotectonic geology 大地构造学geotectonic map 大地构造图geotectonics 大地构造学geothermal anomalous area 地热异常区geothermal borehole 地热钻孔geothermal brine 地热卤水geothermal electric power generation 地热发电geothermal field 地热田geothermal fluid 地热铃geothermal geochemistry 地热地球化学geothermal gradient 地温增加率geothermal metamorphism 地热变质geothermal power plant 地热电站geothermal power production 地热发电geothermal remote semsang 地热遥感geothermal reservoir 地热储集层geothermal resource 地热资源geothermal resource base 地热资源基数geothermal resource of hydrothermal type 水热型地热资源geothermal steam 地热蒸汽geothermal stress 地热应力geothermal survey 地温测量geothermal system 地热系geothermal water 地下热水geothermics 地热学geothermo geologic map 地热地质图geothermometer 地质温度计geothermy 地热geotumour 地瘤gerhardtite 铜硝石germ theory 微生物理论germanite 锗石germanium 锗germanotype orogeny 日耳曼型造山酌gersdorffite 辉砷镍矿gerstleyite 硫砷铊铅矿getter 收气剂gettering 收气geyser 间歇泉geyserite 硅华ghost 双重图像giant's kettle 瓯穴gibbs's distribution 吉布斯分布gibbsite 三水铝矿gibelite 歪长粗面岩gilbert 吉伯gilbert reversed epoch 吉伯逆期gill 鳃gill chamber 鳃室gillespite 硅铁钡矿gillingite 水硅铁矿gilpinite 硫铜铀矿gimlet 螺旋钻gingko 银杏ginkgo 银杏girder 横梁girdle 薄煤层gismondite 多水高岭土glabella 头鞍glacial 冰用的glacial cycle 冰川周期glacial deposit 冰川沉积glacial drift 冰碛glacial epoch 冰期glacial erosion 冰蚀glacial erosion cycle 冰蚀轮回glacial erosion lake 冰蚀湖glacial erratic boulder 冰川漂砾glacial flora 冰川植物群glacial geology 冰川地质学glacial lake 冰川湖glacial period 冰期glacial pot hole 冰川瓯穴glacial scratches 冰川擦痕glacial soil 冰积土glacial substage 亚冰期glacial table 冰台glacial till 冰碛物glacial trough 冰川槽glacial valley 冰蚀谷glacial valley lake 冰蚀谷湖glaciar stadial 亚冰期glaciation 冰川酌glacier 冰川glacier boulder method for prospecting 冰川漂砾法glacier milk 冰川乳浆glacier tongue 冰川舌glacierfall 冰瀑glacierization 冰川酌glaciogeology 冰川地质学glaciology 冰川学glaciometer 冰川临计glaciospeleology 冰川洞穴学gladite 柱硫铋铜铅矿glance coal 辉煤glare 闪光glaserite 钾芒硝glass 玻璃glassy 玻璃质的glassy lustre 玻璃光泽glauberite 钙芒硝glaucocerinite 锌铜矾glaucochroite 绿粒橄集glaucodote 钴硫砷铁矿glauconite 海绿石glauconite sandstone 海绿砂岩glaucophane 蓝闪石glaucophane schist 蓝闪片岩glaucophane schist facies 蓝闪片岩相glaucophanitic metamorphism 蓝闪石变质酌glaucopyrite 钴砷铁矿glaucous 淡灰绿色的glazed frost 雨冰膜glebe 含矿地带glei soil 潜育土gleization 潜育gley soil 潜育土gleying process 潜育gleyzation 潜育glide plane 滑动面glide twin 滑动双晶gliding 滑动酌gliding tectonics 滑动构造学glimmering lustre 微光泽global analysis 总分析global environment 全球环境global radiation 环球辐射global remote sensing 全球遥感global tectonics 全球构造学globe 地球仪globigerina ooze 抱球虫软泥globigerinae 抱球虫类globular 球状的globular jointing 球状节理globular projection 球状投影globular structure 球状构造globulite 球雏晶glomeroblast 聚合变晶glomeroblastic structure 聚合变晶状构造glomeroclastic 聚合碎屑状glomerocryst 聚晶glomerocrystalline 聚合晶簇的glomerogranular 聚合微粒状glomerolepidoblastic 聚合鳞片状变晶的glomerophitic 聚合辉玄岩状的glomeroplasmatic 聚束状的glomeroporphyric 聚合班状的glomerospheric 球粒状的glossy 光泽的glow 辉光glow discharge 辉光放电glower 白炽丝灯glowing avalanche 火山发光云glowing cloud 火山发光云gmelinite 钠菱沸石gnathopod 颚足gneiss 片麻岩gneissic 片麻状的gneissic structure 片麻状构造gneissoid 似片麻岩状gneissoid structure 片麻状构造gneissose 片麻状的gneissose granite 片麻状花岗岩gnomonic projection 球心投影goethite 针铁石goitre zone 甲状腺肿地带gold 金gold bearing 含金的gold ore 金矿gold vein 金脉gondwana 风瓦纳古陆goniometer 测角仪goniometry 测角gonnardite 纤沸石gooseneck 鹅颈谷gorceixite 钡磷铝石gordonite 基性磷铝石gorge 峡gorilla 大猩猩goslarite 皓矾gossan 铁帽gothlandian 哥特兰系gouge 断层泥goyazite 磷铝钙石graben 地堑gradation 均夷酌grade 品位grade of coal 煤级grade of ore 矿石品级grade scale 分级标尺graded bedding 粒级层理graded river 均夷河graded sediment 粒度递变沉积gradient 倾斜度gradient coupling 梯度耦合grading 粒级成层;水准测量;分级grading analysis 粒度分析grading curve 粒度曲线gradiometer 重力陡度计graduated circle 分度弧graduation 分度graftonite 磷铁锰矿grahamite 脆沥青grail 砂砾grain 颗粒grain boundary surface energy 晶粒界面能grain density 颗粒密度grain packing 颗粒充填grain shape 颗粒形状grain size 粒度grain size curve 粒度曲线gram atom 克原子gram equivalent 克当量gram mol 克分子gram molecular volume 克分子体积gram molecule 克分子grance coal 光亮型煤grandidierite 复合矿granite 花岗岩granite pegmatite 花岗伟晶岩granite porphyry 花岗斑岩granite tectonics 花岗岩构造学granitic 花岗状的granitic layer 花岗岩层granitite 黑云花岗岩granitization 花岗岩化granitization granite 混合花岗岩granitization metamorphism 花岗岩化变质granitize 花岗岩化granoblastic 花岗变晶状的granoblastic texture 花岗变晶状结构granodiorite 花岗闪长岩granodolerite 花岗粗玄岩granogabbro 花岗辉长岩granolite 花岗状火成岩granophyre 花斑岩granophyric structure 文象斑状构造granosphaerite 放射聚心球粒granosyenite 花岗正长岩granular 粒状的granular structure 粒状结构granular variation 粒度变异granularity 粒度granulate 使成粒状granulation 粒化酌granule 砂砾granulite facies 麻粒岩相granulitic 粒状的granulo ophitic 粒状辉绿岩状的granulometric analysis 粒度分析granulometric facies 粒度相granulometry 粒度测量graphic granite 文象花岗岩graphic structure 文象构造graphic texture 文象结构graphic well log 钻井剖面图graphite 石墨graphometer 测角器graptolites 笔石类grat 刃岭graticule 标线grating 筛分grating spectrograph 光栅摄谱仪grating spectrometer 光栅光谱仪grating structure 格状构造gravel 砾gravel envelope 砂砾封皮gravel fill 砂砾淤积gravel flow 砾石流gravel packing 砾石充填gravel pit 砾坑gravel soil 砾质土gravell wall 砾石渗透器graver 刻划器gravimeter 重力仪gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetric moisture content 重量水容度gravimetric network 重力测网gravimetric survey 重力测量gravimetrical prospecting 重力勘探gravimetry 重力测量gravitation 万有引力gravitation constant 万有引力常数gravitational anomaly 重力异常gravitational differentiation 重力分异gravitational gliding 重力滑动gravitational method 重力法gravitational prospecting 重力勘探gravitational tectonics 重力构造地质学gravitational unit 重力单位gravitational water 重力水gravitational wave 重力波gravitative differentiation 重力分异gravity 重力gravity acceleration 重力加速度gravity anomaly 重力异常gravity collapse structure 塌陷构造gravity component 重力组分gravity concentration 重力选矿gravity correction 重力改正gravity daily variation 重力日变gravity drainage 重力排水gravity field 重力场gravity flow 重力流gravity force 重力gravity height correction 重力高度改正gravity logging 重力测井gravity measurement 重力测量gravity method 重力法gravity potential 重力势gravity prospecting 重力勘探gravity separator 重力分选机gravity solution 重液gravity spring 下降泉gravity survey 重力测量gravity tectonices 重力构造地质学gravity variometer 重力变感器gravity water 重力水gray copper ore 铜矿gray desert soil 灰钙土graywacke 杂砂岩grease spot photometer 油点光度计greasy lustre 脂肪光泽great glacial epoch 大冰期great ice age 大冰期green algae 绿藻类green mud 绿泥green sand 海绿石砂green schist 绿片岩green tuff 绿色凝灰岩green tuff formation 绿色凝灰岩组greenalite 土状硅铁矿greenalite rock 硅铁岩greenockite 硫镉矿greenovite 红榍石greenrock 绿岩greensand 海绿石砂greenschist facies 绿色片岩相greenstone 绿岩greenwich mean time 格林尼治平时greisen 云英岩greisenization 云英岩化grey desert soil 灰钙土greywacke 杂砂岩grid battery 栅偏压电池grid bias voltage 栅压grid circuit 栅极电路grid current detection 栅极检波grid leak 栅漏grid modulation 栅极灯grid potential 栅极电位grid rectification 栅极检波grid sweep 栅极电压动荡grid swing 栅极电压动荡griding plane 滑动面gridy 格子griffithite 绿水金云母grinding 磨gristly 软骨的grit 粗砂岩gritty 砂质groove 细沟grooved 具沟的gross production 总产量grossular 钙铝榴石grossularite 钙铝榴石grothine 铁榍石ground 地面ground absorption 地面吸收ground aerial 地面天线ground antenna 地面天线ground cable 地下电缆ground connection 接地ground detector 接地指示器ground distance 地面距离ground level 地平面ground moraine 基碛ground movement 地层移动ground potential 地电位ground pressure 地压ground resistance 大地电阻ground rod 接地棒ground slope 地面倾斜ground survey 地面测量ground terminal 接地端ground till 基碛ground water podsol soil 潜育灰化土groundmass 石基groundwater 潜水groundwater artery 地下水干道groundwater barrier 地下水堡坝groundwater basin 地下水盆地groundwater capture 地下水袭夺groundwater cascade 地下水小瀑布groundwater cement 潜水泥groundwater dam 地下水坝groundwater discharge 地下水排泄groundwater divide 地下分水界groundwater flow 地下径流groundwater inventory 地下水总量目录groundwater level 地下水位groundwater mound 地下水土丘groundwater province 地下水区groundwater recession 地下水后退groundwater recession curve 地下水后退曲线groundwater reservoir 地下水储集groundwater runoff 地下径流groundwater simulation 地下模拟groundwater spring 潜水泉groundwater table 地下水位group 群group of oilbearing horizon 可采油层组group reagent 组试剂group verocity 群速度grouping 组合grout 水泥浆grouting 水泥灌浆groutite 锰榍石growing point 生长点growth 生长growth curve 生长曲线growth fault 生长断层growth layer 生长层growth line 生长线growth twin 生长双晶grunerite 铁闪石guadalcazarite 锌黑辰砂guanajuatite 硒铋矿guanite 鸟粪石guano 鸟粪guanovulite 填卵石guard electrode 屏蔽电极guarinite 片榍石gudmundite 硫锑铁矿guide shoe 导管鞋guided wave 被导波guildite 多水铜铁矾gulf 湾gully 冲沟gully erosion 冲沟侵蚀gummite 脂铅铀矿gun perforator 子弹射孔器gutenberg discontinuity 古登堡间断面guyot 平顶海山gyatory breaker 旋回破碎机gymnosperms 裸子植物gynospore 大孢子gyps 石膏gypsum 石膏gypsum plate 石膏板gypsuming 施用石膏gyration 回转gyratory breaker 旋回破碎机gyro inclinometer 陀螺测斜仪gyrocompass 回转罗盘gyroscope 陀螺频率gyttja 腐殖泥gzhelian series 格热尔阶habit 结晶外貌habit plane 嗜好面hackmanite 紫方钠石hade 伸角hafnium 铪hagatalite 钇铈锆石haidingerite 砷钙石hail 雹hainite 铈片榍石hair crack 毛发裂隙hakutoite 白头岩half bog soil 半沼泽土half cycle 半周half life 半衰期half value lyer 半价层half wave antenna 半波天线half wave dipole 半波偶极子halite 石盐halloysite 多水高岭石halmirolysis 海底分解halo 晕halo phenomenon 晕halogenesis 卤化酌halophility 喜盐性halophytic vegetation 盐生植被haloplankton 海洋浮游生物halotolerancy 耐盐性halotrichite 铁茂halvings 贫矿hambergite 硼铍石hammarite 硫铜铅铋矿hammer 锤hancockite 锶帘石hand axe 手斧hand control 半动操纵hand drilling 人工打钻hand generator 手摇发电机hand picking 手选hand reset 人工重调人工复原hanger 悬挂架hanging glacier 悬冰川hanging junction 悬垂合流悬垂汇流hanging side 上盘hanging valley 悬谷hanging wall 上盘hanksite 碳酸芒硝harbolite 硬辉沥青hard alloy 硬质合金hard metal 硬质合金hard metal bit tipping 硬合金钻头翻转hard pan 硬盘hard rock 硬岩石hard water 硬水hardening 硬化hardness of crystals 晶体硬度hardness of water 水的硬度hardness scale 硬度标hardpan 硬盘hardwood forest 阔叶手hardystonite 锌黄长石harmonic fold 谐和褶曲harmonic lake type 谐和湖型harmonic oscillator 谐波振荡器harmotome 交沸石harrisite 方铜矿harrowing 耙地harstigite 镁柱石hartmannite 红锑镍矿hastingsite 富铁钠闪石hatchettite 伟晶蜡石hatchettolite 铀钽铌矿hatherlite 歪长棕闪正长岩hauchecornite 硫镍铋锑矿hauerite 褐硫锰矿hausmannite 黑锰矿hauterivian stage 欧特里夫阶hauyne 蓝方石hauynite 蓝方石hauynophyre 蓝方岩hawaiian type eruption 夏威夷型火山喷发hayesine 硼酸方解石haystack 溶蚀残丘head amplifier 前置放大器head drop 落差head erosion 溯源侵蚀head loss 压头损失head water 上游heading machine 掘进机headward erosion 向源侵蚀headwind 逆风heat absorption 吸热heat balance 热量平衡heat capacity 热容heat conductivity 热导率heat effect 热效应heat equator 热赤道heat equilibrium 热平衡heat exchange 热交换heat flow 热量heat loss 热损失heat of coagulation 凝结热heat of condensation 冷凝热heat of crystallization 结晶热heat of dissociation 离解热heat of reaction 反应热heat of transformation 转变热heat of vaporization 蒸发热heat radiation 热辐射heat rays 热线heat sources of the geothermal resource 地热资源热源heat test 加热试验heat transfer 传热heat treated gemstone 热处理宝石heat treatment 热处理heat wave 热浪heating current 加热电流heating microscope 高温显微镜heating surface 加热面heave 平错heavy crude oil 重质原油heavy fluid separation 重液选heavy liquid 重液heavy minerals 重矿物heavy oil 重油heavy soil 粘重土heazlewoodite 希兹硫镍矿hectocotylus 交接腕hectorite 水辉石hedenbergite 镁铁辉石hedrumite 霞碱正长岩heikolite 平康石heintzite 硼钾镁石helical 螺旋状的helicitic 残缕状的helicitic structure 残缕构造heliodor 日长石heliolite 日叶石heliophyllite 日叶石heliotrope 血滴石heliotropism 向日性helium 氦hellandite 钙铒钇矿helophytes 沼生植物helvetian stage 海尔微阶helvine 日光榴石helvite 日光榴石hematite 赤铁矿hematitization 赤铁矿化hematolite 红砷锰矿hemicellulose 半纤维素hemicolloid 半胶体hemicrystalline 半晶质的hemielytra 半翅鞘hemihedral form 半面形hemihedry 半面形hemimorphic form 异极象hemimorphic hemihedry 异极半面象hemimorphism 异极象hemimorphite 异极矿hemimorphy 异极象hemipelagic sediment 半远洋性沉积物hemiplankton 季节浮游生物hemiprism 半柱hemisphere 半球hemitrope 半体双晶hengleinite 钴镍黄铁矿henry 亨herb 草本herbaceous vegetation 草本植被herbivores 食草动物hercynian orogeny 海戊山运动hercynite 铁尖晶石herderite 磷铍钙石hereditable character 遗传性heronite 正长球粒霞霓岩herpetology 爬虫学herrengrundite 钙铜矾herschelite 碱菱沸石hertz 赫hessite 铈银矿hessonite 钙铝榴石hetaerolite 锌黑锰矿heteroblastic 不等粒变晶的heterochrony 异时发生heterogeneity 不均匀性heterogeneous deformation 非均匀变形heterogeneous equilibrium 多相平衡heterogeneous reaction 多相反应heterogeneous system 非均质系heterogenite 水钴矿heterogenous nucleation 不均质核形成heteromesic facies 异媒相heterometrically grained 不均粒的heteromorphism 同质异象heteromorphite 脆硫锑铅矿heteronuclear molecule 异核分子heteropical 异相的heteropolar bond 异极键heteropolar colloid 有极胶体heteropolar compound 离子化合物heteropolar crystal 有极结晶heteropterous 异翅的heterosite 磷铁锰矿heterospore 异形孢子hettonite 硅钍石heubachite 水钴镍矿heulandite 片沸石heumite 棕闪碱长岩hewettite 薄晶钒钙石hexagonal 六角形的hexagonal axis 六次对称轴hexagonal closest packing 六方紧密填集hexagonal dipyramid 六方双锥hexagonal dipyramidal class 六方双锥类hexagonal enatiomorphic hemihedral class 六方对映半面象晶族hexagonal prism 六方柱hexagonal pyramidal class 六方锥类hexagonal system 六方晶系hexagonal trapezohedral class 六方偏方面体类hexahedrite 六面体式陨铁hexahedron 六面体hexakisoctahedron 六八面体hexatetrahedral class 六四面体类hexatetrahedron 六四面体hexoctahedron 六八面体hiatus 沉积间断hibbenite 板状磷锌矿hidden relief 隐地形hielmite 钙铌钽矿hieratite 氟硅钾石higginsite 绿水砷钙铜矿high albite 高温型钠长石high alumina basalt 高铝氧玄武岩high bank 高沙洲high dip 高倾斜high frequency compensation 高频补偿high grade 高品位high grade ore 高品位矿石high moor 高位沼泽high mountain 高山high mountain meadow 高山草原high pressure belt 高压带high pressure type metamorphism 高压变质酌high quartz 高温石英high sanidine 高温型透长石high seas 公海high temperature form 高温型high temperature plagioclase 高温型斜长石high tide 高潮high volatile bituminous coal a 气煤high volatile bituminous coal b 长焰煤high volatile bituminous coal c 焰煤high volume hole 大容积药壶钻孔high water 高潮highland 山原hill 丘陵hill creep 滑坡hillebrandite 水硅钙石hillside 山腰hillside creep 滑坡hilly country 丘陵地hilly land 丘陵地hind leg 后肢hind wing 后翅hinge fault 旋转断层hinge line 枢纽线hinge of fold 褶皱枢纽hinsdalite 磷硫铅铝矿hinterland 后置地hiortdahlite 片榍石hirnantite 绿泥钠长角斑岩hisingerite 硅铁土histogram 倾率分布图historic period 历史时代historic spot 古迹historical geochemistry 历史地球化学historical geography 历史地理学historical geology 地史学hodgkinsonite 褐锌锰矿hodograph 时距曲线hodograph plane 速度图面hogauite 钠沸石hoist 升起hoisting cable 提升铜丝绳hoisting crane 升降起重机hokutolite 北投石holdenite 红砷锌锰矿holding circuit 吸持电路holding relay 保持继电器holding tank 容纳槽hole boring 井孔钻进hole deviation 钻眼偏斜hole drilling 井孔钻进hole mouth 井口hole size 钻孔直径hole stemming 钻孔堵塞物holespacing 炮眼间距hollandite 锰钡矿hollow 浅凹地hollow bit 空心钻holmium 钬holoblast 全变晶的holocene 全新世holocrystalline 全结晶的holocrystalline interstitial 全晶间片状的holocrystalline porphyritic 全晶斑状的holocrystalline texture 全晶质结构holohedron 全面形holohedry 全面象holohyaline texture 全玻质结构hololeucocratic 全白色的holomelanocratic 全黑色的holomictic lake 全循环湖holoplankton 全浮游生物holotype 全型holtonite 小藤石holyokeite 钠长辉绿岩homeoblastic 等粒变晶状的homeocrystalline 等粒晶质的homeomorphism 异同形homeopolar compound 无极化合物homilite 硅硼钙铁矿homoclinal structure 均斜构造homocline 均斜homogeneity 均匀性homogeneous 均质的homogeneous chemical reaction 均匀化学反应homogeneous deformation 均匀变形homogeneous system 均匀系homogenization method 均一法homologous pair 对应线homologous series 同系列homology 同源homonym 异物同名homopolar bond 无极键homopolar compound 无极化合物homopolar crystal 共价结晶homospore 同形孢子homotaxial 等列的homotypic 同型的honeycomb coil 蜂巢线圈honeycomb structure 蜂窝状构造hoodoo 峰林hoof 蹄hopeite 磷锌矿hopper 漏斗horizon 层horizon b 淀积层horizon refraction 水平折射horizontal angle 水平角horizontal axis 水平轴horizontal borehole 水平钻孔horizontal component 水平部分horizontal distribution 水平分布horizontal fault 水平断层horizontal instability 水平不稳定horizontal magnetometer 水平地磁仪horizontal mixing 水平混合horizontal pendulum 水平摆horizontal plane 水平面horizontal seam 水平矿层horizontal seismograph 水平地震仪horizontal separation 水平离距horizontal slice 水平分层horizontal slip 水平滑动horizontal stratum 水平岩层horizontal tension 横张力horizontal zonality 水平地带性horizontale 水平轴horn 角hornblende 角闪石hornblendite 角闪石岩hornesite 砷镁石hornfels 角页岩hornfels facies 角页岩相hornfels texture 角页岩构造hornito 溶岩滴丘hornstone 角岩horny layer 角质层horny scale 角质鳞horse 夹石horsetail structure 马尾丝状构造horsetails 木贼类horsfordite 锑铜矿horst 地垒horst block mountain 地垒式断块山hortite 方解辉长混杂岩horton number 哈通数hortonolite 镁铁橄榄石host mineral 原生矿物host rock 忠hot brine metallogenesis 热卤水成矿酌hot ground 放热地面hot lake 热水湖hot pool 热水塘hot river 热水河hot spot 热点hot spot hypothesis 热点说hot spring 热泉hot stream 热水河hot wave 热浪hot wire ammeter 热线安培计hour glass structure 砂钟构造housing 外壳howardite 钙长紫苏辉石无球粒陨石howlite 硅硼钙石hubnerite 钨锰矿hudsonite 角闪橄榄岩hugelite 钒锌铅矿hullite 玄玻杏仁体hulsite 黑硼锡铁矿human geography 人类地理学humate 腐殖酸盐humic acid 胡敏酸humic coal 腐殖煤humic gley soil 腐殖质潜育土humid 湿润的humid region 湿润地带humidity 湿度humidity meter 湿度表humification 腐殖化humin 胡敏素huminite 腐殖煤humite 硅镁石hummock 小丘humosapropelic coal 腐殖腐泥煤humus 腐殖质humus carbonatic soil 腐殖质碳酸盐土humus fen soil 腐殖质沼泽土humus formation 腐殖质形成humus layer 腐殖质层humus loam 腐殖壤土humus soil 腐殖质土壤huntilite 砷银矿hurricane 飓风hussakite 磷钇矿hutchinsonite 硫砷铊铅矿huttonite 硅钍石hyacinth 红锆石hyaline 玻璃质的hyalite 玻璃蛋白石hyalobasalt 玻质玄武岩hyalocrystalline 玻晶质的hyaloophitic 玻质辉绿岩的hyalophane 钡冰长石hyalopilitic 玻晶交织的hyalosiderite 透铁橄榄石hyalotekite 硼硅钡铅矿hybrid 杂种hybrid rock 混染岩hybridization 混合酌hydatogenesis 热液成矿酌hydatogenic 热液成的hydatogenic rock 蒸发的hydatogenous 液成的hydatogenous rock 水成岩hydatometamorphic rock 水成变质岩hydatomorphism 水变质酌hydatophytes 浸生植物hydatopyrogenic 火水成的hydracid 氢酸hydrargyrum 汞hydrate 水化物hydration 水合酌hydration heat 水合热hydration of colloidal particles 胶粒的水化酌hydraulic brake 液压制动器hydraulic classification 水力分级hydraulic conductivity 渗透系数hydraulic discharge 地下水出流hydraulic feed drill 油压钻机hydraulic fracturing 水力压裂hydraulic gradient 水力梯度hydraulic head 水头hydraulic jump 液压跳hydraulic mining 水力采矿hydraulic percussive boring 水力冲魂井hydraulic pipe cutter 水压切管器hydraulic profile 水力学剖面hydraulic radius 水力半径hydraulic reamer 水压扩孔器hydraulic rotary 水力转盘hydraulic submersible impact tool 水力冲话备hydraulics 水力学hydride 氢化物hydrobiology 水生生物学hydroboracite 水方硼石hydrocalumite 水铝钙石hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物hydrocarbon ratio 烃比值hydrocerussite 水白铅矿hydrochemical analyse 水化学分析hydrochemical metamorphism 水化变质hydrochemical prospecting 水化学勘探hydrochemistry 水文化学hydroclast 水成碎屑岩hydroclastic rock 水成碎屑岩hydrodolomite 水白云石hydrodynamic conductibility 铃动力学的传导性hydrodynamic dispersion 水动力的分散hydrodynamics 铃动力学hydrogen 氢hydrogen bond 氢键hydrogen bonding 氢结合hydrogen content of coal 煤中氢hydrogen electrode 氢电极hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢hydrogenation 加氢hydrogeochemical prospecting 水文地球化学勘探hydrogeochemistry 水文地球化学hydrogeologic map 水文地质图hydrogeological logging 水文测井hydrogeology 水文地质学hydrogoethite 含水针铁矿hydrograph 水文曲线hydrography 水文地理学hydrogrossular 水绿榴石hydrohematite 水赤铁矿hydrohetaerolite 水锌锰矿hydrolaccolith 水成岩盖hydrologic barrier 水文堰洲hydrologic budget 水均衡hydrologic cycle 水循环hydrologic equation 水均衡方程hydrological regime 水文状况hydrological survey 水文勘查hydrology 水文学hydrolysis 水解hydrolytic acidity 水解酸度hydrolyzate 水解产物hydromagnesite 水菱镁矿hydromanganite 水锰矿hydromanganosite 水方锰矿hydromatic brake 水刹车hydrometallurgy 湿式冶金hydrometamorphism 热水变质hydrometasomatose 热液交替酌hydrometeor 水汽凝结体hydrometer 比重计hydrometry 水文测量hydromica 水云母hydromorphic 水成的hydromorphic soils 水成土hydromuscovite 水白云母hydrophane 水蛋白石hydrophilic colloid 亲水胶体hydrophilic radical 亲水基hydrophilite 氯钙石hydrophobic colloid 疏水胶体hydrophone 水中地震检波器。
地质专用词汇
一、地质专用词语DAILY-USED DESCRIPIO(常用描述内容)：10.show显示：油显示及显示颜色(oil show & show color)：显示类型及气味(type of show & gas odor)：油类型(oil type)：例：Siltstone:粉砂岩（在MLREM中用SILTS）LT GY to LT BRNish GY ,Firm ,mod HD-HD, subplaty ,sandy I/P,V ARG I/P & occ Grade to very-fine sands, TR MICA & GYP, No CalC.浅灰~浅褐灰色，中硬、硬~极硬，次板状，局部细砂质，局部泥质重，少量为粉细砂级，少见云母及石膏，无钙质。
GY-DK GY,OCC BRN GY,FRM-MODHD,SL Arg I/P & occ grade to fine sands , contained BLKcarb matter, TR MICA.灰~深灰色，偶见褐灰色，中硬、硬，局部少量泥质，局部见细砂级颗粒，含黑色碳质矿物，少量云母。
Claystone(泥岩)：LT GY to LT BRNish GY, OCC LT GRNish GY, mot in PRts BLKY to subblky occ amorphous, soft , Locally sticky in part , occ frm in prc & non-calc, very SLTY in prts, TR carb in prt.浅灰~褐灰色，少见浅绿灰色，局部杂色，块~次块状，少量为不定形状，软，局部粘，少量硬，无灰质，局部含砂质及少量碳质。
SHALE(页岩)：GY-GRNish GY , occ prblish –RD, DK-RD , BLKY to subblky , Firm-mod HD, non-calc , very SLTY in prts , TR carb in PRT.灰~绿灰色，少量紫红色、暗红色，片~次片状，硬~中硬，无钙质，局部砂质重，局部见少量碳质。
出露的英文地质专业词汇
出露的英文地质专业词汇
以下是一些与地质学相关的英文专业词汇：
1. Geological formation - 地质层序
2. Stratigraphy - 地层学
3. Lithology - 岩石学
4. Sedimentology - 沉积学
5. Structural geology - 构造地质学
6. Petrology - 岩石学
7. Mineralogy - 矿物学
8. Paleontology - 古生物学
9. Geomorphology - 地貌学
10. Geochronology - 地质年代学
11. Geophysics - 地球物理学
12. Hydrogeology - 水文地质学
13. Geochemistry - 地球化学
14. Volcanology - 火山学
15. Tectonics - 构造学
16. Geologic hazards - 地质灾害
17. Geologic mapping - 地质制图
18. Geological survey - 地质勘测
19. Geothermal energy - 地热能源
20. Geological engineering - 地质工程学
这些词汇涵盖了地质学的不同分支和领域。
在地质学研究和交流中，使用这些专业词汇可以更准确地描述和讨论地质现象、过程和特征。
(完整版)地质工程专业常用英文词汇
1论述引入相应的观点概论概率观点化宏观的增补规划证明证明赔偿算法鉴别式有限元方法样本单元法赤平投影法赤平投影扰乱位移法扰乱能量法条分法极限均衡法界面元法摹拟计算程序数值剖析计算工作量解的独一性多层结构模型非线性横观各向同性各向同性各向异性非均质性界限条件本构方程初始条件初始状态岩土工程土木匠程基础工程最不利滑面交替控制论大批现场检查组合式互相作用稳固性评论均质性介质层组构1 地形地貌工程地质条件地形地貌条件地形地貌微地貌地貌单元坡度地形图河谷expound(explain), stateintroduce intocorrespondingconceptionoverviewprobabilityconceptualizemacroscopiccomplementplandemonstrate, certify, attestconfirmationcompensate, make up, imbursealgorithmdiscriminantfinite element method(FEM)sample element method(SEM)stereographic projection method(SPM)stereographic projectioninterference displacement method(IDM)interference energy method(IEM)method of sliceslimit equilibrium methodboundary element methodsimulatecomputer programnumerical analysiscalculation loaduniqueness of solutionlaminated modelnonlinearlateral isotropyisotropyanisotropyheterogeneityboundary conditionconstitutive equationinitial conditionrest conditiongeotechnical engineering,civil engineeringfoundation engineeringthe most dangerous slip surfacealternatecyberneticsmass field surveyscombined typeinteractionstability evaluationhomogeneitymediumlayer, stratumfabricgeographic and geomorphicengineering geological conditionsgeographic and geomorphic conditionsland formrelieflandform unit, geomorphic unitgraderelief mapriver valley河流河床冲沟河漫滩阶地冲积平原三角洲古河流冲积扇洪积扇坡积裙分水岭盆地岩溶地貌溶洞落水洞土洞2 地层岩性地层岩性岩体岩层岩层母岩相变硬质岩软质岩硬质的软质的基岩岩组覆盖层交织层理层面片理层理板理(叶理)波痕泥痕雨痕造岩矿物黏土矿物高岭土蒙脱石伊利石云母白云母黑云母石英长石正长石斜长石辉石角闪石方解石结构结构组构矿物构成结晶质非晶质产状火成岩river courseriver bed(channel)gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook)floodplain(valley flat)terracealluvial plaindeltafossil river course, fossil stream channelalluvial fandiluvial fantalus aprondividebasinkarst land feature, karst landformsolution cave, karst cavesinkholeKarstic earth cavegeostrome (stratum, strata)lithologic character, rock propertyrock massbed stratumlayer, rock stratummatrix, parent rockfacies changestrong rock, filmweak rockcompetentincompetentbedrockpetrofabricoverburdencross beddingbedding planeschistositybeddingfoliationripple-markmud crackraindrop imprintsrock-forming mineralsclay mineralkaolinitemontmorilloniteillitemicamuscovitebiotitequartzfeldsparorthoclaseplagioclasepyroxene, picritehornblendecalcitestructuretexturefabric(tissue)mineral compositioncrystallineamorphousattitudeigneousgeomorphology,microrelief2岩浆岩火山岩(熔岩) 火山侵入岩喷出岩深成岩浅成岩酸性岩中性岩基性岩超基性岩岩基岩脉(墙)岩株岩流岩盖岩盆岩墙岩床岩脉花岗岩斑岩玢岩流纹岩正长岩粗面岩闪长岩安山岩辉长岩玄武岩细晶岩伟晶岩煌斑岩辉绿岩橄榄岩黑曜岩浮岩火山角砾岩火山集块岩凝灰岩堆积岩碎屑岩黏土岩粉砂质黏土岩化学岩生物岩砾岩角砾岩砂岩石英砂岩粉砂岩钙质粉砂岩泥岩页岩盐岩石灰岩白云岩泥灰岩泥钙岩泥砂岩砂质泥质硅质的有机质magmatic rocklavavolcanointrusive(invade) rockeffusive rockplutonic rockpypabysal rockacid rockinter-mediate rockbasic rockultrabasic rockrock base (batholith)dikerock stockrock flowrock laccolith (laccolite)rock lopolithrock dikerock sillvein dykegraniteporphyryporphyriterhyolitesyenitetrachytedioriteandesitegabbrobasaltaplitepegmatitelamprophyrediabaseduniteobsidianpumicevulcanic brecciavolcanic agglomeratetuffrocksilty claystonechemical rockbiolithconglomeratebrecciasandstonequartz sandstonesiltstonecalcareous siltstonemudstoneshalesalinelimestonedolomitemarlargillo-calcareousargillo-arenaceousarenaceousargillaceoussiliceousorganic matter粗粒中粒堆积物漂石、顽石卵石砾石砂粉土黏土粘粒砂质黏土粘质砂土壤土、亚黏土coarse grainmedium-grainedsediment (deposit)bouldercobblegravelsandsiltclayclay grainsandy clayclayey sandloam砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚黏土sandy loam浮土、表土黄土红土泥灰软泥淤泥冲积物(层)冲积的洪积物(层)洪积的坡积物(层)残积物(层)残积的regolith (topsoil)loesslateritepeatoozemire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clayalluvionalluvialproluvium, diluvium, diluviondiluvialdeluviumeluviumeluvial风积物(层)湖积物(层)海积物(层)冰川堆积物(层)崩积物(层)残积黏土变质岩板岩千枚岩片岩片麻岩石英岩大理岩糜棱岩混淆岩碎裂岩3 地质结构地质结构结构结构大地结构结构运动造山运动起落运动水平运动完好性起伏度尺寸效应围压效应产状因素产状走向偏向倾角褶皱褶曲单斜eolian depositslake depositsmarine depositsglacier (drift)depositscolluvial deposits, colluviumresidual claymetamorphic rockslatephylliteschistgneissquartzitemarblemylonitemigmatitecataclasitegeologic structurestructural texturegeotectonictectogenesisorogenyvertical movementhorizontal movementperfection(integrity)wavinesssize effectconfining pressure effectelements of attitudeattitude, orientationstrikedipdip angle, angle of dipfoldfoldmonoclinesedimentaryclastic rockclay rock3向斜背斜穹隆挤压上盘下盘断距订交断层正断层逆断层平移断层层理微层理地堑地垒断层泥擦痕断裂破裂带节理节理组裂隙微裂隙劈理原生裂隙次生裂隙张裂隙剪裂隙卸荷裂隙裂隙率结构种类岩体结构岩块结构体块度结构面脆弱结构面临空面碎裂结构板状结构薄板状块状的层状的巨厚层薄层状的脆弱夹层夹层夹泥层夹泥连通性切层影响带完好性破裂胶结泥化尖灭错动错动层面断续的破裂共轭节理散状透镜状的岩石碎片岩屑薄膜层理高角度缓倾角反倾互层起伏的波状起伏的粒径结构层挤压均一的剪切错动面切割切割的致密结构岩糜棱岩断层角砾岩方解石脉碎块岩角砾岩粉岩屑固结定向摆列结构应力剩余应力4 水文地质条件水文循环大气圈水圈岩石圈地表径流地下径流流域流域面积汇水面积地下水地表水大气水气态水液态水固态水上层滞水潜水承压水吸着水介质缝隙孔隙水压力浸透压力扬压力静水压力外静水压力动水压力crumbleconjugated jointlooselens-shaped a.cragcuttings, debrismembrane, filmstratificationhigh dip anglelow dip angleanti-dipinterbed v.Interbedding n.unplanarundulate, undulatingparticle sizetectonospherecompressionhomogeneousshear faulted, bedding zonedissectiondissectedclose, compacttectonitemylonitefault brecciacalcite veinclastic rockbrecciarock powderdebris, debryconsolidationoriented spreadtectonic stressresidual stresshydrogeological conditionshydrologic cycleatmospherehydrospheregeospheresurface runoffsubsurface runoffvalley, drainage basindrainage area, river basin areacatchment areaground water, subsurface watersurface wateratmospheric wateraqueous (vapour) waterliquid watersolid waterperched waterphreatic waterconfined waterhygroscopic (adsorptive) watermediumvoidpore water pressureosmotic pressure, seepage forceuplift pressurehydrostatic pressureexternal hydrostatic pressurehydrodynamic pressure nsynclineanticlinedomesqueezeupper sectionbottom wall, footwall, lower wallseparationintersectfaultnormal faultreversed faultparallel faultbedding, stratificationlight stratificationgrabenhorst, fault ridgegouge, pug, selvage, fault gougestria, striationfracturefracture zonejointjoint setfissure, crackfine fissure, microscopic fissurecleavageoriginal jointepigenetic jointtension jointshear jointrelief crackfracture porositystructural patternrock mass structureblock massstructural elementblocknessstructural planeweak planefree facecataclastic textureplaty structurelamelloselumpy, massivelaminatedgiant thick-laminatedfinely laminatedweak intercalated layerinter bedding,degree of integralitycrumblecementargillizationtaper-outdiastrophismfaulted bedding planeintermittentclayey intercalationinter-clayconnectivityinsequentaffecting zoneintercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layerintegrity Integrate.v. & a.4浸透力外水压力内水压力水力联系水力折减系数水头损失浸透门路浸透系数潜水位水位水头含水层seepage pressureexternal water pressure internal water pressure hydraulic interrelation hydraulic reduction coefficient water head lossfiltration path, seepage path penetration coefficientwater table levelwater level, stage levelwater headaquifer弱含水层(弱透水层) aquitardaquicludepermeable layer, pervious layer不透水层(隔水层) aquifuge, impervious layer,潜水含水层承压含水层承压面潜水面浸润线不透水界限地下分水岭粘滞性富水性透水性(浸透性) 淋滤(溶滤作用) 反滤层水锈渗滴饱和潜水位变化带气象因素饱水带包气带包气带水上层滞水孔隙水裂隙水岩溶水联合水吸着水薄膜水毛细水重力水凝固水地下水埋藏条件地下水埋藏深度压水试验抽水试验impermeable layer, aquiclude phreatic aquiferconfined aquifer, artesian aquifer bearing surfacephreatic surface, water table phreatic curveimpervious boundarygroundwater ridgeviscosityabundancepermeabilitylixiviation, leachinginverted gravel filterincrustationseepsaturation, saturatedzone of variable phreatic level meteorological factorzone of saturationaeration zone, zone of aeration aeration zone waterperched waterpore waterfissure waterkarstic waterbound water, combined water hydroscopic waterpellicular watercapillary watergravitational watercondensation watercondition of groundwater occurrence depth of groundwater occurrence packer permeability testpumping test5 物理力学性质物理力学physical mechanics n.Physico-mechanicala.折服准则米赛斯折服准则朗肯土压力理论剑桥模型yield criteriaVon Mises yield criteria Ranking’s earth pressure theory Cambridge model, Cam-model邓肯-张模型本构方程局部剪切损坏整体剪切损坏Duncan-chang model constitutive equationlocal shear failuregeneral shear failure岩体完好性指数intactness index of rock mass 安全系数埋深试件挠度里氏震级设计烈度基本烈度场所烈度地震烈度优秀周期持力层超载围岩压力附带压力应力废弛应力路迳卸荷浸透率饱和度含水量均匀粒径颗粒颗粒级配级配粒度factor of safetyembedment depthcouponsdeflectionRichter scaledesign intensitybasic intensitysite intensityseismic intensity, intensity scalepredominant periodsustained yieldsurchargesurrounding rock stresssuperimposed stressstress relaxationstress pathunloadspecific permeabilitydegree of saturationmoisture contentmean diametergrain, granule, particledistribution of grain-size,grain composition, size distributiongraduation,grain-size distribution, gradation, gradingcoarseness grain size, granularity, lump 不均匀系数coefficient of non-uniformity,variation coefficient, variation factorgradation, size gradingpore watervoid ratio (ration)air voidsporositycrackitykarstitydensityunit weight, bulk weightbuoyant unit weightreduction factordissipation of pressurecoefficient of resistancesoftening coefficientwater contentconsistencyplastic limitliquid limitplasticity indexliquidity indexrheologicalcreepplasticbrittleness(fragility)sticknessrigidityelasticviso-elasticityelasto-plasticitycompressibilityhomogeneitynonhomogeneity (heterogeneity)isotropyanisotropytotal stress颗粒分级孔隙水孔隙比缝隙率孔隙率裂隙率溶隙率密度重度浮重度折减系数压力消失抗力系数融化系数含水量稠度塑限液限塑性指数液性指数流变蠕变塑性脆性粘性刚性弹性的粘弹性弹塑性压缩性均质性非均质性各向同性各向异性总应力滞水层透水层5有效应力超孔隙水压力孔隙水压力抗压强度抗拉强度抗剪强度不排水抗剪强度峰值抗剪强度长久抗剪强度剩余抗剪强度负磨擦力磨擦角内磨擦角外磨擦角effective stressexcess pore pressurepore water pressurecompressive strengthtensile strengthshear strengthundrained shear strenghtpeak share strengthlong-term shear strengthresidual shear strengthnegative skin friction, dragdown angle of frictionangle of internal frictionangle of external friction内聚力粘聚力假凝集力粘着力摩尔圆包络线住手角峰值模量弹性模量压缩模量变形模量卸荷模量切线模量剪切模量割线模量旁压模量泊松比固结固结系数固结度超固结比应变压缩比压缩系数压缩指数初始曲线正常固结土欠固结土超固结土被动土压力主动土压力静止土压力覆盖压力初始应力地应力场有效应力动应力动荷载偏爱荷载循环荷载地应力初始应力应力场纵波液化势液化指数交角cohesioncohesionpseudo-cohesionadhesionMohr’s circleenvelopeangle of repose,angle of friction(repose, rest), repose anglepeakmodulusmodulus of elasticity ，Young ’ s modulus, elastic modulusmodulus of compressibilitymodulus of deformationunloading modulustangent modulusshear modulussecant moduluspressurmeter moduluspoisson ’s rationconsolidationcoefficient of consolidationdegree of consolidationover consolidation rationstraincompressibility ratiocoefficient of compressibilitycompression indexvirgin curvenormally consolidated soilunder-consolidated soilover-consolidated soilpassive earth pressureactive earth pressureearth pressure at restoverburden pressureinitial stressground(geostatic) stress fieldeffective stressdynamic stressdynamic loadeccentric loadsinclined loadsground stress, geostatic stressinitial stressstress fieldlongitudinal waveliquefaction potentialliquefaction indexangular岩石抗力系数允许承载力临塑压力接触压力coefficient of rock resistanceallowable bearing capacitycritical pressurecontact pressure6 工程地责问题工程地责问题定性评论定量评论极限均衡法不良地质现象风化变形位移engineering geological problemqualitative estimatequantitative estimatelimit equilibrium methodunfavorable geological conditionweatheringdeformationdisplacement不均匀位移相对位移沉陷山崩崩塌滑坡、地滑切层滑坡深层滑坡浅层滑坡顺层滑坡滑动面differential movementrelative displacementsettlementavalanche, topplingtoppling, toppling collapsecreep, slideinsequent landslidedeep slideshallow slideconsequent landslide滑动带滑床滑坡体古滑坡sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surfacesliding zoneslide bedslide(sliding) massfossil landslide推移式滑坡牵引式滑坡管涌渗漏流砂渗流液化7 工程勘探slumping slideretrogressive slidepiping, internal erosionleakagequicksandseepageliquefactionengineering investigation工程地质勘探engineering geology investigation岩土工程勘探geotechnical investigation工程地质条件engineering geological condition工程地质评论engineering geological evaluation勘察survey岩芯采用率core recovery, core extraction岩芯获取率RQD (岩石质量指标) rock quality designation程序(步骤)勘探阶段选点踏勘初步设计初步规划初步勘探初步踏勘可行性研究阶段初步设计阶段施工阶段踏勘地质测绘工程地质测绘钻探物探洞探钎探procedureinvestigational stagereconnaissanceprimary designpreliminary schemepreliminary prospectingground reconnaissancefeasibility stagepreliminary stageconstruction sagereconnaissance, inspectiongeological surveyengineering geological mappingborehole operation, boringgeophysical explorationexploratory aditsrod sounding钻杆drill rod坑探槽探天然建材检查exploring miningtrenchingnatural materials surveying (examination)岩土工程勘探报告geotechnical investigation report 判定identification, appraisal判定书判定人校核总监比率地形图地貌图地质图expertise report identifier, surveyorverificationchief inspectorproportion geographic map geomorphological map geological map工程地质图engineering geological map 实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile(section)结构地质图geological structure map第四纪地质图地质详图quarternary geological map detail map of geology地质柱状图geologic columnar section, geologic log 钻孔柱状图logs of bore hole纵剖面图横剖面图展现图节理玫瑰图基岩等高线层底等高线岩层界限岩面高程坐标分层地质点勘探点勘探线勘探孔平洞竖井探槽探井钻孔机钻孔套钻孔管钻孔岩芯岩芯钻探展转钻探(进) 冲击钻探钢砂钻探铁砂钻进跟管钻进振动钻进泥浆钻探金刚石钻进单动式双层空气钻探钻机钻头螺旋钻头勺钻longitudinal sectioncross sectionreveal detail maprose of jointsbed rock contourcontour of stratum bottomstrata boundaryelevation of bed rock surfacecoordinatebed separationgeological observation point exploratory point (spot)exploratory lineexploration holeaditriser, shaft, vertical shaftexploratory trenchexploratory pitborehole, drill holeordinary drill holesleeve drill holepipe drill holecorecore drillingrotary drillingchurn drilling, percussion drillingshot drillingiron shot drillingfollow-down drillingvibro-boring, vibro-drillingmud flush drillingdiamond drillingsingle actingdouble layerair flush drillingdrilling rigdrill bit, drilling bitaugerspoon bit套管岩芯管冲刷掖正循环冲刷反循环冲刷泥浆泥皮护壁止水扫孔钻进平硐竖井钻探casingcore barrelflush fluiddirect circulation reverse circulationmud, slurrymud cakedadoseal, water sealcleaning bottom of hole drillingaditshaftdrilling boring8 工程地质试验击实试验压缩试验固结试验单轴试验现场剪切试验单剪试验直剪试验慢剪试验单剪试验快剪试验三轴剪切试验三轴压缩试验动三轴试验compaction testcompression testconsolidation test uniaxial compression test in-situ shear testsimple shear testdirect shear testslow testsimple shear testquick testtriaxial shear test triaxial compression test dynamic triaxial test不固结不排水剪试验unconsolidated undrained test(quick test)6固结不排水剪试验consolidated undrained test(consolidated quick test)固结排水试验原位测试现场监测现场检测观察孔静力触探试验标贯试验consolidated drained test(slow test)in-situ teston-site(in-site) monitoringon-site (in-site) inspectionobservation boreholecone penetration test,static penetration test, static cone teststandard penetration test十字板剪切试验vane shear test, vane test检层法up-hole method, borehole method旁压试验pressuremeter test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test, dynamic sounding 点荷载试验岩石试验应力排除法应力恢复法套孔法9 岩土体加固掌子面顶拱底拱洞室开挖超挖风钻开挖断面塌落细骨料混凝土细骨料point load testrock teststress relief methodstress recovery methodover-coring methodbreast, driving face,heading face, tunnel facevaultinvertexcavationoverbreakpneumatic drillexcavated sectionslumpconcrete made with fine aggregatefine aggregate, fine adjustment 6料场土料矿渣性能stock groundearth materialcinder, mineral water residue, scoria, slag function, performance, property, nature凝固coagulate, congeal, congealment, coagulation合格初凝初凝时间终凝配合比塌落度水化热水灰比粉煤灰梅花状发射浇注钢筋网加固锚杆锚索锚紧端锚桩采石场开挖清基明挖爆破光面爆破预裂法10 水工概论坝址坝踵坝段坝顶坝肩左坝肩副坝三坝址标高上游水位正常库水位地下洞室压力隧洞无压隧洞交通洞灌浆洞明流洞孔板洞排砂洞尾水洞排水洞导流洞地道围岩围岩应力应力集中覆盖层冒顶底鼓回弹岩爆qualified, on test, up to standardinitial setinitial setting timefinal setmix proportionslumpheat of hydration,hydration heat, setting heatwater-cement ratiofly ashquincuncial patternshotcretepouringcoiremeshreinforceanchored bar, rock boltanchored cableanchor stationanchored pegquarryexcavationcleanup foundationopen-cutexplosionsmooth blastingpresplittingtoe of damheelmonolithcrestshouldersleft dam abutmentsaddle damthe third dam siteheight markheadwaternormal reservoir levelunderground opening (tunnel)pressure tunnelgravity tunnelaccess tunnelgrouting tunnelfree-flow tunnelorifice tunnelsediment tunneltailrace tunneldrainage tunneldiversion tunneltunnelsurrounding rock, ambient rocksecondary stress staticstress concentrateover burdencave in, roof fallbottom heavereboundrock burst冻结法超载衬砌围堰堤近坝岸坡施工(缩短)缝心墙freezing methodover breakliningcofferdamdikeabutmentsconstruction jointcore截水墙防渗墙排水井排水幕减压井反滤层灌浆资料水力劈裂帷幔线上游围堰混凝土防渗墙截流导水墙cutoff walldiaphragm walldrainage wellsdrainage curtainrelief wellsfilter zonegrouthydraulic fracturingcurtain lineupstream cofferdamconcrete cutoff wallinterim completionchannel training wall正常溢洪道渠首工程service spillway headwork消力塘隔墙混凝土护坦副厂房闸门室中闸室开关站电梯井尾沟渠特殊溢洪道lined plunge pooldivider wallsconcrete apronauxiliary powergate chambermid gate chamberswitch yardelevator shafttail raceemergency spillway11 桥梁及基础工程江阴大桥悬索桥锚碇重力式嵌岩锚Jiangyin Bridgesuspension bridgeanchoragegravity socketed anchorage北锚碇前(后)锚面front(back) surface of northern anchorage塔墩墩散索鞍猫道主缆索股主鞍主跨边跨引桥钢箱梁埋深北塔墩基础基础浅基础深基础联合基础筏形基础钢模桩基桩群桩桩基础桩承台towerpiersplay saddlefootbridgemain cablecable strandmain saddle, tower saddlemain spanside spanapproachsteel box main girderembedment depthnorth tower basefoundation, footingshallow foundationdeep foundationcombined footingraft(mat) foundationsteel formpilefoundation pilepile groupsfoundationpile caphouserockpile高桩承台低桩承台磨擦桩端承桩嵌岩桩板桩旋喷桩灌输桩沉管灌输桩支护桩刚性桩柔性桩侧向受荷桩轴向受荷桩预制桩振动打桩振动钻进沉箱沉井(沉箱) 地下连续墙支撑超载接触应力井点降水桩极限承载力承载力阻力桩端阻力表面磨擦力粘着系数负磨擦力安全系数压缩层附带应力持力层地基土临塑压力剪切损坏地基无效冲剪损坏渐进损坏允许荷载极限承载力沉降沉降差尾部倾斜倾斜坑底隆起静止土压力稳固数路堤地基办理垫层加固注浆灌浆帷幕挡土墙锚固喷浆锚杆盲沟振冲法high-rise pile capburied pile capfriction pileend bearing pilesocketed pilesheet pilejet-grouted pilecast-in-place piledriven cast-in-place pilesoldier piles, tangent pilesrigid pileflexible pilelaterally loaded pileaxially loaded pileprecast concrete pilevibratory pile drivingvibratory drillingcaisson(open) caissondiaphragm wall, slurry wallbracingsurchargecontact pressurewell-point dewateringultimate bearing capacity of pilebearing capacityresistanceend resistanceskin frictionadhesion factornegative skin frictionfactor of safetycompressed layeradditional stress, superimposed stressbearing layer, sustaining layerfoundation soil, subsoilcritical pressureshear failurefoundation failurepunching failureprogressive failureallowable loadultimate bearing capacitysettlementdifferential settlementangular distortiontiltingbottom heaveearth pressure at reststability numberembankmentground treatment soil improvementcushionstabilizationinjectiongunitingcurtainretaining wallanchoringgunitingearth anchorFrench drainvibro jet12 监测仪器观察孔仪器观察读数装置传感器探头压力盒振弦式应变计伸长计、变位计板式沉降仪测斜仪测压计，渗压计垂线垂直度13 安全监控靠谱性检查监控模型监测资料靠谱性稳固性安全评估评定评论准则灾祸确立性方法论应急行动计划事故紧迫状态紧迫检查灾情等级灾祸评论风险评估observation bore/holeinstrumentationreadout devicetransducerprobepressure cellvibrating wire strain gaugeextension meterfoundation base/pateinclinometerpiezometerplumbplumbnessreliability checkingmonitoring and prediction modelmonitoringdatum, datareliabilitystabilitysafetyevaluation, appraiseassessment, assess, ratecriterionhazard, calamityDeterministic methodologyEAP(emergency action plan)accidentemergencyemergency inspectionhazard classificationhazard evaluationrisk assessment静力( Static Analysis )动力( Dynamic Analysis )蠕变( Creep Material Model )渗流( Fluid-mechanical Interaction )热力学( Thermal Option )headward erosion 溯源侵害scouring of levee or bank 淘刷strongly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellarweakly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellarof continually aftershocks of 7 or 8-degree intensityEvidently 显然的Correspondingly adv. 相应地; 有关地; 同样地the hanging wall of triggering seismic faultoblique~bedding bank slope专业外语(为方便记忆,跟上边稍有重复)一．综合类91. geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2. foundation engineering 基础工程3. soil, earth 土4. soil mechanics 土力学cyclic loading 周期荷载 unloading 卸载 reloading 再加载viscoelastic found 粘弹性地基viscous damping 粘滞阻尼 shear modulus 剪切模量5. soil dynamics 土动力学6. stress path 应力路径二． 土的分类1. residual soil 残积土 groundwater level地下水位2. groundwater 地下水groundwatertable 地下水位3. clay minerals 黏土矿物4. secondary minerals 次生矿物5. landslides 滑坡6. bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7. engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘探 8. boulder 漂石 9. cobble 卵石 10. gravel 砂石11. gravelly sand 砾砂 12. coarse sand 粗砂 13. medium sand 中砂 14. fine sand 细砂 15. silty sand 粉土 16. clayey soil 粘性土 17. clay 黏土18. silty clay 粉质黏土 19. silt 粉土20. sandy silt 砂质粉土 21. clayey silt 粘质粉土 22. saturated soil 饱和土23. unsaturated soil 非饱和土24. fill (soil) 填土三． 土的基本物理力学性质1. c c Compression index2. c u undrained shear strength3. c u /p 0 ratio of undrained strength c u to effectiveoverburden stress p 0(c u /p 0)NC ,(c u /p 0)oc subscripts NC and OC designatednormally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively4. c vane cohesive strength from vane test5. e 0 natural void ratio plasticity index6. Ip7. K 0 coefficient“ at-rest ” pressure ,for total stresses σ 1and σ 28. K 0 ’ do main for effective stresses σ 1‘an 2 ’9. K 0n K 0 for normally consolidatedstate10. K 0u K 0 coefficient under rapidcontinuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition11. K 0d K 0 coefficient under cyclicloading (frequency less than 1 Hz),as a1. soft soil 软土2. (negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩(负)摩阻力3. effective stress 有效应力 total stress 总应力4. field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度5. low activity 低活性6. sensitivity 敏捷度7. triaxial test 三轴试验8. foundation design 基础设计 9. recompaction 再压缩 10. bearing capacity 承载力 11. soil mass 土体12. contact pressure 接触应力 13. concentrated load 集中荷载14. a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无穷弹性体 15. homogeneous 均质 16. isotropic 各向同性 17o.f strip footing 条基18. square spread footing 方形独立基础19. underlying soil (stratum ,strata) 下卧层(土) 20. dead load =sustained load 恒载 连续荷载 21. live load 活载22. short –term transient load 短期刹时荷载 23. long-term transient load 长久荷载 24. reduced load 折算荷载25. settlement 沉降 deformation 变形 26. casing 套管27. dike=dyke 堤(防) 28. clay fraction 粘粒粒组四． 浸透性和渗流1. Darcy ’ s law 达西定律2. piping 管涌3. flowing soil 流土4. sand boiling 砂沸5. flow net 流网6. seepage 浸透(流)7. leakage 渗流8. seepage (force) pressure 浸透压力 9. permeability 浸透性10. hydraulic gradient 水力梯度11. coefficient of permeability 浸透系数u h19. U,U m degree ofconsolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen20. u ,u b ,u m pore pressure, subscripts b and mdenote bottom of specimen and mean value, 21. respectively natural water content, liquid and13. N blow count ,standard penetrationtest14. OCR over-consolidation ratio15. p c preconsolidation pressure ,from 16. oedemeter test effective overburden pressure17. p s specific cone penetration 18. resistance ,from static cone testq unconfined compressive strengt0 L p22. plastic limits, respectively ‘and σ ’pseudo-dynamic test for K 0 coefficientk k permeability in horizontalσ ,σ principal stresses, σ1 2 1 2denote effective principal stressesh , vvertical directions, respectively五．地基应力和变形w w wand12.p。
地理与地质领域热门词汇大全
地理与地质领域热门词汇大全地理与地质学是一门研究地球的物质成分、内外部结构、地貌、气候、水文、生物以及与人类活动相关的学科，它涉及到许多领域特定的术语和概念。
下面是地理与地质领域中一些热门的词汇的大全。
一、地理学术语1. 大陆漂移（Continental drift）：指的是大陆之间的相对运动。
该理论首先由德国地质学家阿尔弗雷德·韦格纳提出，后来发展成现代板块构造理论。
2. 高地（Plateau）：指地面相对平整且海拔较高的地区。
常见的高地有西藏高原和云贵高原。
3. 冰川（Glacier）：是地球表面的冰体。
冰川主要由积雪堆积而成，具有塑性，能够慢慢流动。
4. 半干旱（Semi-arid）：是指气候条件介于干旱和湿润之间，降水量较少的地区。
5. 洪水（Flood）：是指江河、湖泊等水域超出正常水位，涌过河岸并泛滥到周围地区的现象。
6. 落石（Rockfall）：是指岩层或悬崖上的岩石松动或崩落，滚落到山坡或山谷中的现象。
7. 火山喷发（Volcanic eruption）：是指地下的岩浆推动地壳而喷发出来的现象。
火山喷发会伴随着火山灰、熔岩流等现象。
8. 地震（Earthquake）：是指地壳发生的震动。
地震是由地球上的板块运动引起的，能够造成地面摇晃、建筑物倒塌等破坏性后果。
二、地质学术语1. 地壳（Earth's crust）：指地球最外层的岩石壳层，包含陆地和海洋底部的地壳。
2. 石油（Petroleum）：是指地下深处由有机物质经过长时间的压力和温度作用形成的一种能源。
石油是一种重要的化石燃料。
3. 煤炭（Coal）：是指由植物的化石残骸经过长时间的埋藏和地质作用形成的一种燃料。
4. 火山岩（Volcanic rock）：是指由火山喷发形成的岩石。
常见的火山岩有玄武岩、安山岩等。
5. 变质岩（Metamorphic rock）：是指原始岩石在高温高压下经过变质作用形成的岩石。
地质专业英语词汇
地质专业英语词汇Cosmic宇宙extraterrestrial地球外的nebula星云primeval原始的，远古的spherical球（形）的deposition沉积作用paleogeology古地质学reservoir储集层sediment沉积物sedimentary rock沉积岩texture结构，纹理diagenesis成岩作用，岩化作用weathering侵蚀，风化作用lithology岩石学，岩性mineralogy矿物学stratigraphic地层学的contour等高线coral reef珊瑚礁deform变形discontinuity间断，不连续性igneous rock火成岩outcrop露出地表的基岩precipitate(使)沉积stratified rock层状的岩石superposition叠覆，地层叠覆律bed 层bedded deposit层状沉积物bedding plane层面disconformity平行不整合nonconformity不整合stratum岩层crumple起皱granitic花岗岩mantle地幔trench海沟dsthenosphere软流圈lithosphere岩石圈plate tectonics板块构造学subduction俯冲作用paleomagnetics古地磁学specimen 样本，标本basalt玄武岩terrestrial地球的，陆地的epoch 世，纪元hematite赤铁矿ilmenite钛铁矿magnetite磁铁矿debris碎屑mafic镁铁质的，基性的magma岩浆magnesium 镁seismologist地震学家volatile挥发性的，不稳定的andesite 安山岩cinder cone火山渣堆diorite闪长岩felsic长英质矿物，长英质的gabbro辉长岩ignimbrite熔结凝灰岩rhyolite流纹岩shield volcano盾状火山ultramafic超镁铁质的，超基性的pyroclastic火成碎屑silica二氧化硅stratovolcano层状火山aluminosilicate铝硅酸盐crystalline晶体的，晶质的extrusive 喷出的，喷出岩andalusite红柱石batholith岩基dike岩脉faulting断裂作用fault plane断层面metamorphism变质作用mica云母sill岩床transform fault转换断层shale页岩molten mass熔融体overthrust逆掩断层plutonism火成作用，深成作用pyroxene辉石fold褶皱gypsum石膏rift valley地堑，裂谷subsidence沉淀superimpose叠加dip倾向marble大理石strike走向topographic地形学的crust地壳biotite 黑云母calcite方解石feldspar长石lithification岩化作用moscovite白云母quartz石英。
地质专业英语词汇（N-P）_地质专业英语词汇
nacreous layer 珍珠层nacreous structure 珍珠构造nacrite 珍珠陶土nadorite 氯锑铅矿naegite 苗木石nagatelite 磷褐帘石nagyagite 叶碲矿nahcolite 重碳钠盐nail 指甲nakhlite 透橄无球粒陨石nantokite 铜盐naphthabitumen 石脑油沥青naphthene 环烷naphthene base crude oil 环烷基油naphthene index 环烷烃指数naphthenic acid 环烷酸naphtholite 沥青页岩nappe 推复体narrow gorge 嶂谷narsarsukite 短柱石nasal bone 鼻骨nasal capsule 鼻甲nasal cavity 鼻腔nasonite 氯硅钙铅矿natality 生产率native asphalt 天然沥青native copper 自然铜native element 天然元素native gold 自然金native mercury 自然汞native platinum 自然铂native silver 自然银natrite 泡碱natrium 钠natrochalcite 钠铜矾natrolite 钠沸石natron 泡碱natronorthoclase 钠正长石natronsanidine 钠透长石natrophilite 磷钠锰矿natural asphalt 天然沥青natural classification 自然分类natural coke 天然焦炭natural discharge 天然排泄natural frequency 固有频率natural gas 天然气natural geologic hazard 自然地质灾害natural heat flow 天然热流natural levee 天然堤natural load 自然负荷natural products 天然产物natural radioactive element 天然放射性元素natural radioactivity 天然放射性natural remanent magnetism 天然剩余磁性natural remanent magnetization 自然残余磁化natural selection 自然选择natural solid bitumen 天然固体沥青natural stream 天然河流natural succession 自然演替natural ventilation 自然通风natural water 天然水natural water level 自然水位nature preservation 自然保护naujakasite 瑙云母naumannite 硒银矿nautiloids 鹦鹉螺类nautilus 鹦鹉螺navicular 舟状的neanderthal man 尼安德特人neap tide 小潮near earthquake 近地震neck 岩颈necton 自游生物needle ironstone 针铁石nefedievite 红坚岭石negative crystal 负晶体negative delta 三角湾状三角洲negative element 阴性元素negative ion 负离子negative relief 负地形negative valence 负原子价nelsonite 钛铁磷灰岩nemathelminthes 线形动物类nematoblastic 纤状变晶质nematomorphic 纤维状的nemerteans 纽形动物类nenadkevite 硅钙铅铀矿neo ice age 新冰期neocomian 尼欧克姆阶neodymium 钕neogene 新第三纪neoglaciation 新冰期neolite 新石neolithic age 新石票代neolithic era 新石票代neometamorphism 新变质酌neon 氖neotantalite 黄钽铁矿neotectonic element 新构造单元neotectonic period 新构造期neotectonics 新构造学neoteny 幼态持续neotocite 水锰辉石neotropical region 新热带区neotype 新模neozoic era 新生代nepheline 霞石nepheline basalt 霞石玄武岩nepheline porphyry 霞石斑岩nepheline syenite 霞石正长岩nephelinite 霞石岩nephelinization 霞石化nephelometry 浊度测定nephrite 软玉nepouite 镍绿泥石neptunian theory 水成论neptunism 水成论neptunium 镎neritic sea 浅海neritic sediments 浅海沉积nerve 叶脉nesosilicates 岛状硅酸盐nest like ore body 鸡窝状矿体net 网net production 净产量netted venation 网状脉network structure 网状结构neutral humus 中性腐殖质neutral micelle 中性胶粒neutrality point 中性点neutron 中子neutron activation analysis 中子活化分析neutron capture 中子捕获neutron diffraction 中子衍射neutron energy 中子能量neutron epithermal neutron log 中子超热中子测井neutron generator 中子发生器neutron multiplication factor 中子的增殖系数neutron neutron log 中子中子测井neutron proton ratio 中子数与质子数比率neutron source 中子源neutron thermal neutron log 中子热中子测井nevadite 斑烈neve 粒雪neve basin 粒雪盆new global tectonics 新全球构造学new world 新世界newberyite 镁磷石newlandite 顽火榴辉石newyanskite 亮铱锇矿nickel 镍nickel ore 镍矿nicol's prisma 尼科耳棱镜nicolayite 硅铅钍铀矿nife 镍铁带niggli value 尼格理值niggliite 碲铂矿niobite 铌铁矿niobium 铌nitrate 硝酸盐nitratine 钠硝石nitratite 钠硝石nitric acid 硝酸nitrification 硝化酌nitrifying bacteria 硝化细菌nitrite 亚硝酸盐nitrobaryte 钡硝石nitrocalcite 钙硝石nitrogen 氮nitrogen compounds in petroleum 石油含氮化合物nitrogen content of coal 煤中氮nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitromagnesite 镁硝石nitronatrite 钠硝石nitrous acid 亚硝酸nival belt 雪带nivation 雪蚀酌nivenite 钇铀矿nobelium 锘noble metal 贵金属noble opal 贵蛋白石nocerite 针六方石node 节nodular 结核状的nodule 结核;结枝nomenclature 命名法nominal 命名的nominal diameter 标称直径nomogram 列线图non polar bond 非极性键non polar linkage 非极性键nonadiabatic change 非绝热变化nonangular unconformity 假整合nonbedded 非成层的nonbonding electron 非结合电子noncoking coal 非粘结性煤noncommercial reserves 表外储量nonconformity 不整合nondiastrophism 非构造变动nonequilibrium state 非平衡状态nonferrous metal 非铁金属nonmetal 非金属nonpolar 非极性的nonpolar molecule 非极性分子nonpolarizing electrode 不极化电极nonrotational deformation 非转动变形nonsequent fold 限制褶皱nonsteady 非稳定的nontectonic joint 非构造节理nontectonic process 非构造酌nontronite 绿脱石nonuniformity 不均匀性norbergite 块硅镁石nordite 硅钠锶镧石nordmarkite 英碱正长岩norian stage 诺利克阶noric stage 诺利克阶norite 苏长岩norm 标准矿物成分normal curve 标准曲线normal depth 正常深度normal device 电位电极系normal dispersion 正常色散normal distribution 正态分布normal electric field 正常电场normal epoch 正常时期normal fault 正断层normal field 正常场normal fold 正褶皱normal geomagnetic porality epoch 正磁极期normal gravity 正常重力normal magnetic field 正常磁场normal metamorphism of coal 煤正常变质normal order 正常层序normal projection 正轴投影normal solution 规定溶液normal state 正常态normal stress 法向应力normal succession 正常层序normal temperature 正常温度normal velocity 法向速度normal vibration 简正振动normality 规定浓度normative mineral 标准矿物norsethite 菱钡镁石north atlantic massif 北大误地块north latitude 北纬north pole 北极northeast pacific ridge 北潍平洋海岭northern alpine foreland 北部阿尔卑斯前沿地nosean 方石noseanite 方岩noselite 方石notochord 脊索noumeite 滑硅镍矿novacekite 水砷镁铀矿nuclear binding energy 核结合能nuclear charge 核电荷nuclear chemistry 核化学nuclear disintegration 核衰变nuclear emulsion 原子核照相乳胶nuclear energy level 核能级nuclear fuel 核燃料nuclear geology 核地质学nuclear magnetic log 核磁测井nuclear magnetic moment 核磁矩nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nuclear model 核模型nuclear separation 核分离nuclear stability 核稳定性nucleic acid 核酸nuclen 核子nucleostratigraphy 核地层学nucleus of crystallization 晶核nuclide 核素nuclide chart 同位素表nugget 块金null valence 零价number of free radicals 自由基数numerical method 数值法numerical solution 数值解nummulites 货币石类nunatak 冰原石山nutrient 养分nutrition 营养nutritive salt 营养盐nutritive substance 养分nutritive value 营养价值nutty structure 核状结构oasis 绿州obduction 仰冲obduction plate 仰冲板块obduction zone 仰冲带objective 接物镜objective analysis 客观分析oblique extinction 斜消光oblique fault 斜断层oblique fold 斜卧褶皱oblique joint 斜节理oblique projection 斜投影oblique slip fault 斜滑断层oblong 长方形的oborite 鄂博矿obsequent fault line scarp 逆断线崖obsequent river 逆向河observation 观测observation field 观测场observation network 观测网observation well 观测孔observational error 观察误差obsidian 黑曜岩occasional species 偶见种ocean 大洋ocean bed 洋底ocean current 海流ocean floor 洋底ocean floor fracture zone 洋底断裂带ocean floor spreading 海底扩张ocean wave 大洋波浪oceanic craton 洋台oceanic crust 海洋地壳oceanic island 海洋岛oceanic ridge tholeiite 洋脊拉斑玄武岩oceanic rise 大洋中隆oceanic tholeiite 海洋性拉斑玄武岩oceanic water 大洋水oceanite 大洋岩oceanization 海洋化酌oceanographical remote sensing 海洋遥感oceanology 海洋学ocellar 眼班状的ocellus 单眼ochre 舣ochrea 托叶鞘octahedrite 八面石octahedron 八面体octophyllite 八叶云母ocular 目镜odd pinnate 奇数羽状的odinite 拉辉煌斑岩odometer 里程表odontoid 齿状的odontolite 齿绿松石oersted 奥斯忒offlap 退复offretite 菱钾铝矿offset 支脉offset well 探边井offshore 外滨offshore bar 滨外洲offshore coring drilling 近海浅钻钻探offshore drilling 近海钻井offshore drilling rig 海上钻探装置offshore oil drilling 海上石油钻探ohmic resistance 欧姆阻抗oikesis 定居oil 油oil accumulating area 聚油面积oil accumulation 油池oil basin 油田oil bearing 含油的oil bearing rock 油母岩oil bearing structure 储油构造oil damping 油减震oil deposit 石油矿床oil field 油田oil field water 油田水oil gas 油气oil geology 石油地质学oil horizon 含油层oil indication 石油显示oil layer 含油层oil measure 油层;油贮oil pool 油池oil production 采油oil sand 油砂oil saturation 油饱和率oil seepage 油苗oil shale 油母页岩oil stone 油石oil trap 油捕oil well 油井okenite 水硅钙石olafite 钠长石old stage 老年期old stone age 旧石票代old valley 老年谷old world 旧世界oldhamite 褐硫钙石;陨硫钙石oligocene 渐新世oligoclase 奥长石oligonite 菱锰铁矿oligosite 奥长岩oligotrophic 寡养的oligotrophic lake 寡养湖olistolith 滑动岩体olistostrome 重力滑动沉积olivenite 橄榄铜矿olivine 橄榄石olivine basalt 橄件武岩olivinfree basalt 无橄件武岩ollenite 绿帘金红角闪片岩omphacite 绿辉石one electron bond 单电子键onkilonite 橄辉霞岩onlap 海侵超覆onofrite 硒汞矿ontogenetic 个体发生的ontogeny 个体发生学ontogeny of minerals 矿物发生学onyx 缟玛瑙oogonium 卵原细胞oolite 鲕状岩oolitic 鲕状的oolitic iron ore deposit 鲡状铁矿床oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩oolitic structure 鲡状构造ooze 软泥opacite 不透蔑opacite margin 不透眠缘opal 蛋白石opalization 蛋白石化opalize 使呈乳白状open circuit 开路open cut mining 露天采矿open cut ore mine 露天开采矿山open cut working 露天采矿open fault 张开断层open fold 敞开褶皱open hearth 平炉open pit method 露天开采法open pit quarry 露天矿场open stope method 空场回采法open stope mining 空场回采法open system 开放系统open tube analysis 开管分析open type geothermal reservoir 开放式地热储opening of mines 矿体开发operculum 鳃盖ophicalcite 蛇纹大理岩ophiolite 蛇绿岩ophiolite formation 蛇绿岩建造ophiolitic melange 蛇绿混杂岩ophite 纤闪辉绿岩ophitic texture 辉绿结构ophyolitic complex 蛇绿岩复合体opposite 对生的opposite phyllotaxis 对生叶序optic axis 光轴optic binormals 光轴副法线optic biradial 副光轴optic elasticity axes 光学弹性轴optical activity 旋光性optical angle 光轴角optical anisotropy 光学蛤异性optical anomaly 光性异常optical character 光性optical constant 光性常数optical dispersion 色散optical indicatrix 光率体optical isotropy 光学蛤同性optical orientation 光性方位optical phenomenon 光学现象optical section 光切面optical strain 光性变形optical system 光学系统optical twin 巴潍晶optically anisotropic 光学异向性的optically biaxial 双光轴的optically isotropic 光性均质的optically negative 负光性的optically positive 正光性的optically uniaxial 单光轴的optimization 最佳化oral appendage 口肢oral arm 口腕orangite 橙黄石orbicular 球状的orbicular granite 球状花岗岩orbital electron 轨道电子order 目order of crystallization 结晶顺序ordinary chernozem 普通黑土ordinary light 普通光线ordovician 奥陶纪ore 矿石ore bearing 含矿的ore bed 矿层ore bin 矿仓ore block 矿段ore bringer 运矿岩ore bunch 矿袋ore chimney 管状矿体ore column 矿柱ore complex 矿石复合ore core 矿心ore course 富矿体ore dampness 矿石湿度ore deposit 矿床ore dilution 矿石贫化ore dressing 选矿ore fines 粉矿ore formation 矿石建造ore grade 矿石品级ore hardness 矿硬ore leaching 矿石浸出ore losses 矿石损失ore mineral 金属矿物ore nest 矿巢ore pillar 矿柱ore pipe 管状矿体ore pocket 矿袋ore reserve 矿储藏量ore rock 含矿岩ore shoot 富矿体ore sort 矿石工业品级ore stock 矿储藏量oreforming element 成矿元素orford process 奥福特法organ 瀑organic acid 有机酸organic compound 有机化合物organic deposits 有机沉积organic geochemistry 有机地球化学organic matter 有机物organic matter content 有机物质含量organic pigment 有机颜料organic pollution 有机污染organic remains 有机残余物organic rock 有机岩organic sediments 有机沉积物organic silt 泥炭粘土organism 生物organogenic 有机生成的organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orictocoenosis 生物化石群落orientation 定向orientation of crystal 晶体定位oriented thin section 定向薄片orientite 锰柱石origin 起原origin of life 生命起原original dip 原生倾斜original interstice 原生空隙original order 原层序ornamental stone 装饰石ornamentation 纹饰ornithology 鸟类学orocline 造山带弯曲orogen 造山地带orogenesis 造山运动orogenetic 造山的orogenetic movements 造山运动orogenic 造山的orogenic belt 造山带orogenic cycle 造山旋回orogenic hydrothermal deposit 造山热液矿床orogenic phase 造山相orogenic zone 造山带orogeny 造山运动ort 横巷orthite 褐帘石orthoaxis 正轴orthochronology 标准地质年代学orthoclase 正长石orthoclasite 微正长岩orthoclastization 正长石化orthoconglomerate 正砾岩orthocumulate 正堆积岩orthodiadochite 磷铁华orthodiagonal axis 正轴orthodolomite 正白云石orthodome 正轴坡面orthoevolution 直向进化orthofelsite 正长霏细岩orthogenesis 直向演化orthogeosynclinal system 正地槽系orthogeosyncline 正地槽orthogneiss 正片麻岩orthogonality 正交orthographic projection 正射投影ortholimestone 正石灰石orthomagmatic deposit 正岩浆矿床orthomagmatic stage 正岩浆期orthometamorphism 正变质酌orthometamorphite 正变质岩orthomigmatite 正混合岩orthophotomap 正射投影像片组合图orthophyre 正长斑岩orthophyric 正斑状的orthopinacoid 正轴轴面orthoplatform 正地台orthoprism 正轴柱orthopyramid 正轴锥orthopyroxene 斜方辉石orthopyroxenite 斜方辉岩orthorhombic 斜方的orthorhombic system 斜方晶系orthoschist 火成片岩orthoscope 直光镜orthoselection 直向选择orthosilicate 正硅酸盐orthosite 粗粒正长岩orthostratigraphy 正交地层学orthosyenite 钾质正长岩orthotectonics 正构造ortlerite 闪斑玢岩ortstein 硬盘oryctogeology 化石地质学oryctognosy 地物学oryctology 化石学osannite 钠闪石osbornite 陨氯钛矿oscillation theory 颤动说oscillatory ripples 对称波痕oscillatory twinning 反复双晶osmiridium 铱锇矿osmium 锇osmotic equilibrium 渗透平衡osmotic force 渗透力osmotic pressure 渗透压ossicle 小骨ossification 骨化osteal 骨的ostium 小孔ostracodermi 甲胄鱼纲ostraite 磁铁尖晶辉岩otavite 菱镉矿ottrelite 粒硬绿泥石ouachitite 黑云沸煌岩outcrop 露头outer core 外核outer electron 外电子outer lip 外唇outer shell 外电子层outer shell electron 外电子outer sublittoral zone 底亚滨海带outflow 瘤outflow lake 外窿outlier 老围层outline 轮廓output voltage 输出电压outside balance reserves 表外储量outwash 冰水沉积outwash gravel 冰水砾outwash plain 冰水沉积平原oval 卵圆形的ovate 卵圆形的over load 过负荷overall output 总产量overburden 表土;复盖岩层;盖岩层overburden pressure 积土压力overcast sky 阴天overflow 泛滥overflow dam 溢劣overflow weir 溢劣overfold 倒转褶皱overground part 地上部分overhand stope 上向梯段回采工祖overland flow 表面径流overland runoff 地表径流overlap 超复overlap trap 超复圈闭overlying strata 覆层overlying strata of coal measures 煤系盖层overpressure 过压overriding plate 上冲板块oversaturated rock 过饱和岩oversize 筛上产品oversize product 筛上产品overthrust 逆掩断层overthrust block 掩冲体overthrust mass 掩冲体overthrust plane 逆掩断层面overthrust sheet 逆掩层overthrusting plate 上冲板块overturn 倒转overturned anticline 倒转背斜overturned fold 倒转褶皱overturned succession of strata 倒转层序overturning 倒转ovule 胚珠oxalate 草酸盐oxalic acid 草酸oxalite 草酸铁矿oxbow lake 牛角湖oxfordian 牛津阶oxidability 易氧化度oxidation potential 氧化势oxidation reduction cycle 氧化还原循环oxidation reduction potential 氧化还原势oxidation reduction system 氧化还原系oxidation state 氧化状态oxidation zone 氧化带oxidation zone of sulphide deposits 硫化物矿床氧化带oxide 氧化物oxidizability 易氧化度oxidize 氧化oxidized ore 氧化矿石oxidizing roasting 氧化焙烧oxydate 氧化沉积物oxygen 氧oxygen content of coal 煤中氧oxygen cycle 氧的循环oxygen demand 需氧量oxygen isotope method 氧同位素法oxygen logging 氧测井oxygen partial pressure 氧分压力oxyphile elements 亲氧元素oyamalite 稀土锆石ozocerite 地蜡ozokerite 地蜡ozonosphere 臭氧层pachnolite 霜晶石pacific geosyncline 太平洋地槽pacific suite 太平洋岩群pack ice 浮冰packing 充填paehoehoe lava 波纹熔岩pagodite 叶蜡石pahoehoe lava 波纹熔岩paigeite 硼铁矿painite 红硅硼铝钙石pair production 偶生成paired fins 偶paired metamorphic belt 双变质带pairing of electrons 生成电子对paisanite 钠闪微岗岩palaeobiology 古生物学palaeontology 古生物学palaeosedimentology 古沉积学palaeotectonics 古地质构造学palagonite 橙玄玻璃palaite 红磷锰矿palate 口盖palatine 腭骨palatinite 直辉中基性岩paleo oceanography 古海洋学paleo plate tectonics 古板块构造paleoanthropology 古人类学paleoarctic subregion 古北亚区paleoautochthon 古原地岩paleobathymetric map 古等深线图paleobiocenose 古生物群落paleobiocenosis 古生物群落paleobiochemistry 古生物化学paleobiogeographic province 古生物地理区paleobiogeography 古生物地理学paleobiology 古生物学paleobotanic province 古植物地理区paleobotany 古植物学paleocene 古新世paleochannel 古水道paleoclimate 古气候paleoclimatology 古气候学paleoecology 古生态学paleoenvironment 古环境paleogene 老第三纪paleogenetics 古遗传学paleogeographical map 古地理图paleogeography 古地理学paleogeology 古地质学paleogeomorphic trap 古地貌圈闭paleogeomorphology 古地貌学paleogeophysics 古地球物理学paleoichnology 古遗迹学paleoichtyology 古鱼类学paleoisotherm 古等温线paleolithic age 旧石票代paleomagnetism 古地磁paleometamorphism 古变质酌paleontological facies 古生物相paleontology 古生物学paleophyre 古云英斑岩paleophytic era 古植物代paleophytology 古植物学paleopole 古极paleosalinity 古盐度paleosome 古残体paleostructure 古构造paleotectonic 古构造的paleotemperature 古温度paleotropical region 古热带区paleotypal 古相的paleovolcanic 古火山的paleozoic era 古生代paleozoologic province 古动物地理区paleozoology 古动物学palermoite 柱磷锶锂矿palichnology 古遗迹学palimpsest 变余构造palingenesis 再生palingenetic granite 再生花岗岩palingenetic petrographic province 再生岩区palingenite 再生岩palinspastic map 复原地图palinspastic reconstruction 空间复原palladinite 方铂矿palladium 钯pallasite 石铁陨石pallial eye 外套眼pallial groove 套膜沟pallial line 套线palmate 掌状的palmate leaf 掌状叶palmate nerve 掌状脉palmate vein 掌状脉palmierite 硫钾钠铅矿palpon 触管paludal 沼泽的paludification 沼泽化palygorskite 坡缕石palynoflora 孢粉植物群palynology 孢粉学palynostratigraphy 孢粉地层学pampas 滂沛大草原pan geosyncline 泛地槽pan platform 泛陆台panallotriomorphic granular 全他形晶粒状的panallotriomorphoblastic 全他形变晶的pandermite 白硼钙石pangaea 泛古陆pangeosyncline hypothesis 泛地槽说panidiomorphic 全自形的panning 淘洗panning plate 淘砂盘pantellerite 碱烈pantograph 缩放仪pantometer 万测仪para amphibolite 副闪岩paraallochthon 准移置体parabola of cohesion 内聚力抛物线paracelsian 副钡长石parachronology 实际年代学parachrysotile 副纤维蛇纹石paraclase 断层裂缝paraconformity 似整合paraconglomerate 副砾岩paracoquimbite 紫铁矾paracrosis 脱色paradoxite 肉红长石paraendokinetic crystallization 副内动结晶paraffine base crude oil 石蜡基油paragenesis 共生parageosyncline 副地槽paragneiss 副片麻岩paragonite 钠云母parahopeite 磷锌矿paralaurionite 单斜水氯铅矿paraliageosyncline 滨海地槽paralic 近海的paralimestone 副灰岩parallax 视差parallel 平行的parallel banded structure 平行带状构造parallel cleavage 平行劈理parallel concentric folds 平行褶皱parallel evolution 平行进化parallel faults 平行断层parallel folding 平行褶皱parallel growth 平行共生parallel unconformity 假整合parallel vein 平行脉parallel venation 平行脉paraluminite 丝铝矾paramagnetism 顺磁性parametamorphism 副变质parameter 参数paramontroseite 次铁钒矿paramorph 同质异晶体paramorphic hemihedry 副象半面象parankerite 铁白云石paraperidotite 副橄榄岩paraplatform 准地台parapyroxenite 副辉岩paraquartzite 副石英岩pararock 副变质岩paraschist 副片岩parasedimentary breccia 副沉积角砾岩parasepiolite 多水海泡石paraserpentinite 副蛇纹岩parasilicates 副硅酸盐parasitic crater 寄生火口parasitic fold 寄生褶皱parasitic volcano 寄生火山parasitism 寄生parastratigraphy 实用地层学paratectonics 准构造paratype 副型paravauxite 磷铁铝矿parcel 小区parent element 母元素parent material 母质parent population 母体parent rock 母岩parental magma 母岩浆pargasite 韭角闪石parisite 氟碳钙铈矿parity 宇称paroxism 暴发高潮paroxysm 暴发高潮paroxysm of orogenic cycle 造山旋回粥parsonsite 斜磷铝铀矿partial anatexis 余深溶酌partial automatic 半自动的partial carbondioxide pressure 二氧化碳分压力partial correlation coefficient 偏相关系数partial melting 部分熔融partial pressure of vapor 汽分压力partial valence 余价particle 颗粒particle charge 粒子电荷particle size 颗粒大小particle size analysis 粒度分析parting 裂理;夹层partition 划分partition coefficient 分配系数partition equilibrium 分配平衡parts per billion 10 亿分率parts per million 百万分率partschinite 锰铝榴石pascoite 橙钒钙石pass 山口passive remote sensing 被动式遥感pasture grass 牧草patch cord 软线pateraite 黑钼钴矿paternoite 水硼镁石pathogenic bacteria 病源细菌patina 氧化膜patrinite 针硫铋铅矿patronite 绿硫钒矿pattern 模型pattern recognition 模式识别paucilithionite 钾锂云母pawdite 云英微闪长岩pay dirt 可采矿石pay ore 可采矿石pay set 可采油层组pay zone unit 油层单元payable 宜于开采的pea structure 豌豆状结构peak 山顶peak power output 峰值输出功率peak pulse power 脉冲峰值功率peak runoff 最大径流peak voltage 峰值电压pealite 蛋白硅华pear shaped 梨形的pearceite 砷硫锑铜银矿pearly luster 珍珠光泽peastone 豆石peat 泥炭peat bog 泥炭沼泽peat formation 泥炭形成peat land 泥炭地peat soil 泥炭土peatification 泥炭化酌peaty 泥炭的peaty clay 泥炭地pebble 砾石pebble bed 卵石层pebblestone 砾石pebbly sandstone 卵石砂岩pectinate 栉状pectolite 针钠钙石pectoral fin 胸pedal ganglion 足神经节pedalfer 铁铝土pedestal 基座pedicle 肉基pediment 麓原pedion 单面pedionite 熔岩台地pediplain 山麓侵蚀平原pediplanation 山麓准平原化pedocal 钙层土pedogenesis 成土酌pedogeochemistry 土壤地球化学pedologist 土壤学家pedology 土壤学pedometer 计步器计距器pedosphere 土圈peel 皮peeling 去皮peganite 磷矾土pegmatite 伟晶岩pegmatite deposit 伟晶岩矿床pegmatite mineral 伟晶岩矿物pegmatitic 伟晶岩的pegmatitic stage 伟晶岩期pegmatoid 伟晶岩相pegmatophyre 伟斑岩pelagic clay 远海粘土pelagic deposit 深海沉积pelagic facies 远海相pelagic sediment 远海沉积物pelagite 海底锰块pele's hair 火山毛pele's tear 火山泪pelean eruption 培利型火山喷发peleeite 斑苏玄武岩pelionite 烛沥青煤pelite 泥质岩pelitic 泥质的pelitic rock 泥质岩pelitomorphic 泥岩状的pell mell structure 杂乱构造pellet 球团矿pelletizing 球团pellicular water 薄膜水pelma 茎pelmicrite 球粒微晶灰岩peltate leaf 盾形叶pen trace 记录笔迹pencatite 水滑大理岩pencil of light 锥光线pendular regime 摆方法pendulum 摆penecontemporaneous 准同期的peneplain 准平原peneplanation 准平原酌penetrability 贯穿性penetrate 穿入penetrating power 穿透能力penetration 穿透penetration rate 进尺速度penetration ratio 井的穿率penetration twin 穿插双晶penetrative structure 透入性构造penetrometer 透度计penfieldite 六方氯铅矿peninsula 半岛pennant 羽毛状pennate diatoms 羽纹纲pennates 羽纹纲pennine 叶绿泥石penninite 叶绿泥石pennite 绿水云母pennsylvanian 宾夕法尼亚系penroseite 硒铜铅镍矿pentagonal dodecahedron 五角十二面体pentagonal icositetrahedral class 五角三八面体晶族pentahydrite 五水泻盐pentlandite 镍黄铁矿peplolite 块堇青石peptization 胶熔酌peralkaline rock 过碱性岩percentage of consolidation 固结率percentage of modulation 灯度perceptible 易感的perched block 坡栖岩块perched ground water 滞水perched water table 滞水台percolate 过滤percolation 渗透percrystalline 过晶质percussion 冲击percussion boring 冲魂进percussion drill 冲唤钻机percussion drilling 冲魂井percussion drilling machine 冲唤钻机percussion drilling system 冲魂井方法percussion figure 撞晃状percussion marks 慧percussion rotary boring 冲积钻钻探percussive rotary drilling 冲积钻钻探percylite 氯铜铅矿perennial spring 常年泉perennial stream 常劣perennial yield 持久不断的量perfect crystal 理想晶体perfect geosyncline 完整式地槽perfectly mobile components 全活动组分perforation 穿孔perforator 射孔器穿孔器perhyaline 过玻璃质的peribranchial cavity 围鳃腔periclase 方镁石periclinal 穹状的periclinal structure 穹状构造pericline 围斜构造;常钠长石pericline twin 肖钠长石双晶periderm 周皮peridot 橄榄石peridotite 橄榄岩periglacial phenomena 冰缘现象perimagmatic 岩浆缘的perimorph 结壳假象period 纪period of angiosperms 被子植物时代periodic law 周期律periodic motion 周期运动periodic precipitation 周期的沉积periodic system 周期系periodic table of elements 元素周期表periodicity 周期性periostracum 角质层peripheral 周边的peripheral fault 边缘断层periproct 围肛部peristerite 蓝彩钠长石peristome 围口部peritectic 包晶peritectic crystallization 包晶结晶peritectic point 包晶点peritectoid point 包析点peritectoid reaction 包析反应perknite 辉闪岩perlite 珍珠岩perlitic 珍珠状的perlitic structure 珍珠岩结构permafrost 永冻土permafrost table 永久冻土台permalloy 坡莫合金permanent 永久的permanent deformation 永久变形permanent hardness 稳定硬度permanent load 永久负载permanent magnet 永久磁铁permanent magnetic field 永久磁场permanent magnetization 永久磁化permanent set 永久变形permanent wilting point 永久萎蔫点permanganate 高锰酸盐permeability 磁导率permeability barrier 阻渗层permeability coefficient 渗滤系数permeability tensor 渗透率张量permeable 透水的permeameter 磁导计permeance 磁导permian 二叠纪permian period 二叠纪permissible dose 容许剂量permissible error 允许误差permissible load 容许负荷permissible stress 许可应力permissible tolerance 容许剂量permittivity 介电常数permutation 置换permutite 人造沸石perovskite 钙钛矿perowskite 钙钛矿persistent fossil 持续化石perspective 透视画法perspective projection 透视投影perthite 纹长石perthitophyre 条纹长斑岩perturbation 扰动petalite 透锂长石petiole 叶柄petiolule 小叶柄petrifaction 石化petrifactology 化石学petrification 石化petro bitumen 岩石沥青petrochemical trend 岩石化学的球petrochemistry 岩石化学petrofabric analysis 岩组分析petrofabrics 岩组学petrofacies 岩相petrogenesis 岩石成因论petrogenetic element 造岩元素petrogenetic grid 成岩格子petrogenetic model 岩石成因模型petrogenic element 造岩元素petrogeochemistry 岩石地球化学petrogeometry 岩石几何学petrographer 岩石学者petrographic geomorphology 岩石地貌学petrographic microscope 岩石显微镜petrographical formation 岩层petrographical province 岩区petrography 岩石学petroleum 石油petroleum gas 石油气petroleum geology 石油地质学petroleum industry 石油工业petroleum output 采油petroleum reservoir 油贮petroliferous 含油的petroliferous basin 含油盆地petroliferous formation 含油建造petrologen 油母岩petrology 岩石学petromineralogy 岩石矿物学petromorphology 岩石形态学;构造岩石学petrophysics 岩石物理学petrophytes 石生植物petrosilex 潜晶霏细岩petrostratigraphy 岩石地层学petrotectonics 岩石构造学petrous 岩状的petzite 碲金银矿ph indicator ph 指示剂ph value ph 值phacelite 钾霞石phacolite 岩脊phacolith 岩脊phanerite 显晶岩phaneritic 粗晶的phaneritric 显晶质的phanerocryst 显斑晶phanerocrystalline 粗晶的phanerogames 显花植物phanerohyaline 显晶玻质的phanerozoic eons 显生代phantomhorizon 假想层pharmacolite 毒石pharmacosiderite 毒铁矿phase 相位phase boundary potential 界面电压phase compensator 相位补偿器phase contrast microscope 相差显微镜phase control 相位控制phase corrector 相位校正器phase determination 相位测定phase deviation 相位偏移phase diagram 相图phase difference 相位差phase discriminator 鉴相器phase displacement 相移phase equilibrium 相平衡phase inversion 倒相phase inverter 倒相器phase lag 相位滞后phase lead 相位超前phase rule 相律phase spectrum 相位谱phase splitting 分相phase swinging 相位摆动phase transition 相变phase velocity 相位速度;相速度phenacite 硅铍石phenanthroline 菲统啉phengite 多硅白云母phenocryst 斑晶phenomena of volcanism 火山现象phillipsite 钙十字石phlebite 脉成岩类phlogopite 金云母phoenicochroite 红铬铅矿pholerite 鳞高岭石pholidolite 绿硬云母phonolite 响岩phonolitic 响岩状的phosgenite 角铅矿phosphate 磷酸盐phosphatic fertilizer 磷肥phosphorescence 磷光phosphoric acid 磷酸phosphorite 磷灰岩phosphoroscope 磷光计phosphoruranylite 磷铀矿phosphorus 磷phosphosiderite 磷铁矿photic zone 透光层photo interpretation 像片判读photocathode 光电阴极photochemical reaction 光化反应photoconductive effect 内光电效应photocurrent 光电流photoelastic model 光弹性模型photoelasticity 光弹性photoelectric absorption 光电吸收photoelectric cell 光电池photoelectric effect 光电效应photoelectric emission 光电子放射photoelectric threshold 光电效应阈值photoelectric tube 光电管photoelectron 光电子photogenic animals 发光动物photogeology 摄影地质学photogeomorphology 航摄地貌学photogrammetry 摄影测量学photographic 摄影的photographic detection 照相探测photographic dosimeter 摄影剂量仪photographic recording 照相记录photomultiplier tube 光电倍增管photoneutron 光激中子photoreceptor 感光器受光体photostratigraphy 摄影地层学phototropism 向光性phreatic decline 地下水位下降phreatic eruption 蒸汽喷发phreatic explosion 蒸汽爆发phreatic fluctuation 地下水面波动phreatic gas 准火山瓦斯phreatic rise 地下水上升phreatic zone 潜水带phycology 藻类学phyllite 千枚岩phyllitic 千枚状的phyllodium 假叶phyllosilicate 页硅酸盐phyllosilicates 层状硅酸盐phyllotaxis 叶序phyllotaxy 叶序phylogenesis 种系发生phylogenetic classification 系统分类phylogenetic tree 系统树系谱树phylogeny 种系发生phylum 门physical analysis 物理分析physical atomic weight scale 物理原子量标度physical geography 自然地理学physical oceanography 物理海洋学physical properties 物理性质physical weathering 物理风化physiognomy 外貌physiography 地文学physiological dryness 生理干燥phytochemistry 植物化学phytoclimate 植物气候phytocoenosis 植物群落phytoecology 植物生态学phytogeography 植物地理学phytolithology 植物化石学phytoncide 植物杀菌素phytophagous 食植物的phytophagous animals 食植动物phytoplankton 浮游植物phytosociology 植物社会学picite 土磷铁矿pick 鹤嘴镐pick hand 手选pick ore 手选pickeringite 镁茂picking 手选picnometer 比重瓶picotite 铬尖晶石picric acid 苦味酸picrite 苦橄岩picrochromite 镁铬矿picrolite 硬蛇纹石picrolonic acid 苦硝酸picromerite 软钾镁矾picropharmacolite 镁毒石picture element 像素picture reproduction 图像再生picture telegraphy 传真电披piedmont 山麓piedmont alluvial plain 山前冲积平原piedmont benchland 山麓阶地piedmont glacier 山麓冰川piedmont plain 山麓冲积平原piedmontite 红帘石piedmontite schist 红帘石片岩piemontite 红帘石pienaarite 富榍霓霞正长岩piercing 刺穿piestic 压缩度测定的piezochemistry 压力化学piezoclase 挤压节理piezocrystallization 压结晶piezoelectricity 压电性piezometer 压力计piezometric 压缩度测定的piezometric head 测压水头piezometric potential 测压的势能piezometric surface 水压面piezoremanent magnetization 压剩余磁化pig iron 生铁pigeonite 易变辉石pilandite 歪长正长斑岩pilarite 铝硅孔雀石pilbarite 硅铀铅钍矿pile 堆pillar 柱pillow lava 枕状熔岩pillow like 枕状的pillow structure 枕状构造pilot balloon 测风气球pilot balloon observation 测风气球观测pilotaxitic 交织的pilotaxitic texture 交织结构pimelite 脂光蛇纹石pinacoid 双面。
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狂奔的蜗牛normal stress，法向应力oedometer curve，压缩曲线optimum moisture content，最优含水率piping，管涌plastic limit，塑限plasticity index，塑性指标pore water pressure，孔隙水压力porosity，空隙率principal stress，主应力proctor compaction test，普氏击实试验relative density，相对密度sand replacement method，罐砂法saturability（saturation degree，percent saturation），饱和度saturated unit weight，饱和容重seepage deformation，渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure)，渗透力seepage line，渗透线seepage speed，渗透速度shear stress，切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit，缩限skip(gap,jump) grading，间断级配2006-7-12 00:05 狂奔的蜗牛specific gravity of soil particle，土粒比重steady seepage field，稳定渗流场stress path，应力路径total strength envelope，总强度包线triaxial compression test，三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength，无侧限压缩试验unconsolidated undrained test，不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method，变水头法void(pore) ratio，空隙比water replacement method，罐水法wet density，湿密度Ⅳ、其他建筑材料钢筋（steel）bending and unbending，反复弯曲cold bending test，冷弯试验elongation test，拉伸试验nominal diameter，公称直径ratio of elongation，伸长率relaxation test，松弛试验steel strand，钢绞线tensile yield strength，抗拉屈服强度ultimate tensile strength，极限抗拉强度2006-7-12 00:07 狂奔的蜗牛木材（wood）crushing strength parallel to the grain，顺纹抗压强度tensile strength parallel to the grain，顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across the grain，横纹抗压强度tensile strength across the grain，横纹抗拉强度沥青（asphalt）brittle temperature test，脆化点试验expansion test，延伸度试验penetration test，针入度试验softening point test，软化点试验test of aging，老化试验viscosity test，粘滞性试验Ⅴ、质量管理（quality management）average，平均值deviation standard（error of mean squares），均方差deviation coefficient（dispersion coefficient），离差系数index of correlation，相关系数management limit，管理界限mathematic statistics，数理统计maximum，最大值minimum，最小值normal distribution，正态分布2006-7-13 21:29 狂奔的蜗牛quality assurance，质量保证quality examination，质量检测regression curve，回归曲线relative dampness，相对湿度sample capacity，样本容量sample frequency，取样频率specimen，样品statistical analysis，统计分析technical specification，技术规范technical standard，技术标准testing circumstance，试验环境testing error，试验误差testing regulation，试验规程variance analysis，方差分析地质（geology）地质年代（geochronology of geologic ages）Archaeozoic era（erathem），太古代（界）Proterozoic era（erathem），元古代（界）Palaeozoic era（erathem），古生代（界）Mesozoic era（erathem），中生代（界）Cenozoic era（erathem），新生代（界）Sinian period（system），震旦纪（系）2006-7-13 21:31 狂奔的蜗牛Cambrian period（system），寒武纪（系） PreCambrian period（system）前寒武纪（系）Ordovician period（system），奥陶纪（系）Silurian period（system），志留纪（系）Devonian period（system），泥盆纪（系）Carboniferous period（system），石炭纪（系）Permian period（system），二叠纪（系）Triassic period（system），三叠纪（系）Jurassic period（system），侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period（system），白垩纪（系）Tertiary period（system），第三纪（系）Quaternary period（system），第四纪（系）地质构造（geologic structure）fault，断层normal fault，正断层reversed fault，逆断层paralled fault，平移断层gouge，断层泥stria，擦痕joint，节理primary joint，原生节理secondary，次生节理tension joint，张节理2006-7-13 21:37 狂奔的蜗牛unloading joint，卸荷节理schistosity，片理bedding，层理foliation，板理（叶理）ripple mark，波痕mud crack，泥痕rain print，雨痕orientation of bedrock，岩层产状strike，走向dip，倾向angle of dip（dip angle），倾角fold，褶皱anticline，背斜syncline，向斜monocline（homocline），单斜dome，穹隆soft stratum，软弱岩层zone of fracture（broken zone），破碎带affected zone，影响带platy structure，板状构造cleavage，解理fracture（rupture），断裂2006-7-13 21:46 狂奔的蜗牛fissure（crack，fracture），裂隙岩石类型（rock type）petrology，岩石学igneous rock，火成岩magmatic rock，岩浆岩lava（vocanic rock），火山岩intrusive（invade）rock，侵入岩effusive rock，喷出岩plutonic rock，深成岩pypabyssal rock，浅成岩acid rock，酸性岩inter-mediate rock，中性盐basic rock，基性岩ultrabasic rock，超基性岩granite，花岗岩porphyry，斑岩porphyrite，玢岩rhyolite，流纹岩syenite，正长岩trachyte，粗面岩diorite，闪长岩andesite，安山岩2006-7-13 21:49 狂奔的蜗牛gabbro，辉长岩basalt，玄武岩aplite，细晶岩pegmatite，伟晶岩lamprophyre，煌斑岩diabase，辉绿岩dunite，橄榄岩sedimentary rock，沉积岩clastic，碎屑岩clay rock，黏土岩chemical rock，化学岩biolith，生物岩conglomerate，砾岩siltstone，粉砂岩mudstone，泥岩shale，页岩saline rock，岩盐limestone，石灰岩dolomite，白云岩marl，泥灰岩volcanic breccia，火山角砾岩2006-7-13 21:49 狂奔的蜗牛volcanic agglomerate，火山块集岩tuff，凝灰岩metamorphic rock，变质岩slate，板岩phyllite，千枚岩gneiss，片麻岩quartzite，石英岩marble，大理岩mylonite，糜棱岩migmatite，混合岩cataclasite，碎裂岩sediment（deposit），沉积物、沉积层boulder，漂石、顽石cobble，卵石gravel，砾石sand，砂silt，粉土clay，粘土sandy clay，砂质粘土clayey sand，粘质砂土sandy loam，壤土、亚黏土2006-7-13 21:52 狂奔的蜗牛regolith（topsoil），浮土（表土）loess，黄土laterite，红土peat，泥炭ooze，软泥（海泥）造岩矿物（rock-forming minerals）talc，滑石gypsum，海石calcite，方解石fluorite，萤石apatite，磷灰石feldspar，长石quartz，石英topaz，黄玉corundum，刚玉diamand，金刚石orthoclase，正长石plagloclase，斜长石biotite，黑云母muscovite，白云母amphibole，角闪石phroxene，辉石2006-7-13 22:00 狂奔的蜗牛olivine，橄榄石dolomite，白云石kaolinite，高岭石montmorillonite，蒙脱石bentonite，斑脱石（膨润土）illite，依砾石garnet，石榴子石chlorite，绿泥石serpentine，蛇纹石pyrite，黄铁矿hematite，赤铁矿magnetite，磁铁矿limonite，褐铁矿工程地质（engineering geology）geotechnics（geotechnique），土工学、土工技术、岩石工程rock mechanics，岩石力学soil mechanics，土力学geomechanics，地质力学（岩石力学）engineering geological conditions，工程地质条件engineering geological problems，工程地质问题rock mass structure，岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions，地形地貌条件2006-7-13 22:04 狂奔的蜗牛geophysical phenomenon，物理地质现象hydrogeological conditions，水文地质条件natural materials，天然材料reservoir，水库settlement，沉降displacement，位移deformation，变形tectonic stress，构造应力residual stress，残余应力angle of internal friction，内摩擦角cohesion，内聚力（凝聚力、粘聚力）pressure tunnel，压力隧洞underground cavern/cavity，地下洞室overburden，覆盖物bed rock（base rock，foundation rock），基岩firm rock（sound rock），硬岩weak rock（soft rock），软岩interbed，夹层zone of fracture（broken zones），破碎带homogeneity，均质性nonhomogeneity（heterogeneity），非均质性isotropy，各向同性2006-7-13 22:06 狂奔的蜗牛anisotropy，各向异性矿物质的物理性质（physical character of minerals）hardness，硬度luster，光泽color，颜色transparency（pellucidity），透明度streak，条痕rent（fracture），断口crystal form，晶形岩石学（petrology）classification，分类structure，构造texture，结构fabric，组成mineral composition，矿物组成crystalline，结晶质amorphous substance，非晶质fossil，化石degree of rounding，磨圆度degree of grains，粒度地层地貌（stratum and physiognomy）basin，盆地2006-7-13 22:12 狂奔的蜗牛river valley，河谷river bed，河床topography，地形terrain，地势attitude，产状rock base（batholite），岩基rock stock，岩株rock flow，岩流rock loccolith，岩盖rock lopolith，岩盆rock dike，岩墙rock sill，岩床vein dyke，岩脉sediment（deposit），沉积物（层）alluvium，冲击物（层）proluvium（diluvium），洪积物（层）deluvium，坡积物（层）eluvium，残积物（层）eolian deposit，风积物（层）lake deposit，湖积物（层）marine deposit，海积物（层）glacial（drift）deposit，冰川沉积物（层）2006-7-14 00:12 狂奔的蜗牛colluvial deposit（colluvium），崩积物（层）cross-bedding，交错层geologic structure，地质构造geotectonics，大地构造学graben，地堑horst，地垒cordance（conformity），整合discordance（unconformity），不整合deceptive cordance/conformity，假整合地质作用（physical geology action）weathering，风化erosion，侵岩transportation，搬运deposition/sediment，沉积denudation，剥蚀corrasion，磨蚀corrosion，腐蚀dissolution，溶蚀landslide，滑坡collapse（rock fall），崩塌mud flow，泥石流earthquake，地震2006-7-14 00:13 狂奔的蜗牛intensity，烈度magnitude，震级水文（hydrology）ground water（subsurface water），地下水surface water，地表水atmospheric water，大气水runoff，径流fresh water（plain water，sweet water），淡水river flow/discharge，河水流量peak flood flow，洪峰流量flood out flow，洪水下卸流量dry season，枯水季wet season，丰水季flood（raining）season，汛期non-flood season，非汛期5% frequency flood，20年一遇洪水flood control，防汛（二）工程施工、机电类金属结构（hydromechanical work）闸门（gate）service gate，工作门emergency gate，事故门2006-7-14 00:22 狂奔的蜗牛maintenance gate，检修门sector gate，弧型闸门eccentric hinge sector gate，偏心铰弧型闸门plane gate，平面闸门fixed wheel plane gate，定轮平面闸门trashrack，拦污栅trash rake，清污机预埋件（embedded parts）sill，底坎main guide，主轨auxiliary guide，副轨reverse guide，反轨side guide，侧轨lintel，门楣steel liner，钢衬high pressure water pipe，高压冲水管pressure balance water pipe，冲水平压管组件/部件（assembly/parts）gate leaf，门叶crank，拐臂arm，支臂seal，水封2006-7-14 00:25 狂奔的蜗牛main seal，主水封top seal，顶水封side seal，侧水封bottom seal，底水封auxiliary seal，辅助水封，节流器clip plate，压板slide block，滑块reverse slide block，反向滑块side slide block，侧向滑块fixed wheel，定轮main wheel，主轮side wheel，侧轮ballast，配重lifting ear，吊耳lifting link，拉杆trunnion，支铰hinge，铰链hinged support，铰座hinged shaft，铰轴cover，端盖trunnion beam，支铰梁dogging beam，锁定量2006-7-14 00:30 狂奔的蜗牛启闭机（hoist）wire rope hoist，固定卷扬机hydraulic hoist，液压启闭机monorail hoist，单轨启闭机overhead crane，桥机bridge crane，桥机support frame，机架reducer，减速器motor，电动机pulley，滑轮live pulley，动滑轮fixed pulley，定滑轮equalizer pulley，平衡滑轮drum，卷筒steel wire rope，钢丝绳position sensor，高度传感器load sensor，荷载传感器brake，制动器hydraulic system，液压系统oil cylinder，油缸piston rod，活塞缸pump station，泵站2006-7-14 00:31 狂奔的蜗牛oil tank，油箱pipe，管道filter，过滤器accumulator，蓄能器lubricating oil，润滑油valve，阀logic valve，逻辑阀check valve，单向阀ball valve，球阀cartridge valve，插装阀solenoid operated directional valve，电磁换向阀门式起重机（gantry crane）rail，轨道lifting mechanism，起升机构traveling mechanism，运行机构inspection trolley，检修小车gantry，门架support column，门腿primary beam，主梁bridge beam，横梁cross beam，端梁2006-7-14 00:43 狂奔的蜗牛side beam，边梁lifting beam，起吊梁hook，吊勾buffer，缓冲装置rail clamping device，夹轨器driving wheel，主动轮driven wheel，从动轮其他（others）abnormal vibration，反常震动activate，激活anti-clockwise，逆时针anticorrosion，防腐carry on，继续进行carry out，执行clockwise，顺时针commissioning，试运行concentricity deviation，同心度偏差connect，连接debris，碎片de-energize，断电detect，探测dry test，无水试验2006-7-14 00:45 狂奔的蜗牛dynamic loading test，动载试验energize，给加电erection，架立expansion，伸展fasten，扣紧fit，安装flowing water，动水gate closure，闭门gate opening，启门gate position restoration，门卫恢复idle test，空载试验impact，碰撞in pressure balance condition，平压条件下lift into position，将起吊到位locate，定位lower，降下manual operation，手动操作noise，噪声note，记录operating gap，运作间隙pack，衬垫particle，微粒2006-7-14 00:46 狂奔的蜗牛perform，执行position accurately，精确定位precise，精确的pre-set，预留，预置press button，按下按纽progressively，逐渐的purity，纯度push，推reliable，可靠的residual oil，余油retraction，回缩run，运行secure，保护sensitive，反应灵敏的separately or simultaneously，单独或同时的set up，架设setting，设置，读数shim，薄垫片slack，松弛static loading test，静载试验still water，静水switch off，切断2006-7-14 00:49 狂奔的蜗牛synchronize，同步tighten，拧紧under water head condition，水压作用条件下wet test，有水试验焊接和无损检验（welding and nondestructive test）焊接（welding）arc strike，引弧、弧伤arc welding，电弧焊automatic welding，自动焊back gouging，背面清根backing，垫板base metal，母材build-up welding，堆焊，补焊butt joint，对接接头carbon rode，炭棒complete fusion，完全融合corner joint，角接接头covered electrode，涂料焊条coupon，试件direct current electrode negative（DCEN），直流电极接负direct current electrode positive（DCEP），直流电极接正double welding，双面焊2006-7-14 00:50 狂奔的蜗牛double-bevel groove weld，双斜边坡口焊缝double-j groove weld，双面J型坡口焊缝double-u groove weld，双面U型坡口焊缝double –Vee groove weld，双面V型坡口焊缝electrode，焊条，电极electrode holder，焊钳electrosgas welding，电气焊electroslag welding，电渣焊filler metal，填充金属fillet weld，角焊缝、full fillet weld，大填角焊缝flat welding，平焊flux，焊剂flux cored arc welding，药芯焊丝弧焊forehand welding，左焊法friction welding，摩擦焊full penetration weld，全融透焊缝fusion，熔合fusion line，熔合线groove weld，坡口焊缝heat affected zone，热影响区horizontal welding，横焊2006-7-14 00:52 狂奔的蜗牛lap joint，搭接接头machine welding，机器焊manual welding，手工焊overhead welding，仰焊oxyfuel gas cutting（OFC），氧燃料气割oxyfuel gas welding（OFW），氧燃料气焊partial penetration weld，非全熔透焊缝pass，焊道peening，锤击plasma arc welding，等离子弧焊plug weld，塞焊porosity，气孔posdtheading，后热postweld head treatment，焊后热处理preheating，预热resistance welding，电阻焊seal weld，密封焊缝seam welding，焊缝semi-automatic welding，半自动焊缝single-bevel groove weld，单斜边坡口焊缝single-J groove weld，单面J型坡口焊缝single-U groove weld，单面U型坡口焊缝2006-7-14 00:54 狂奔的蜗牛single-V groove weld，单面V型坡口焊缝slag inclusion，夹渣spot welding，点焊square groove weld，直坡口焊缝submerged arc welding，埋弧焊tack welding，定位焊undercut，咬边vertical welding，立焊weld bead，焊道weldment，焊件无损检验（nondestructive testing）angled beam，斜射波back scatter，背散射calibration block，校准试块cleaning agent，清洗剂contact beam，接触剂couplaut，偶合剂crimp，褶皱definition，清晰度delayed sweep，延时扫描detergent，去污剂developer，显像剂2006-7-14 00:54 狂奔的蜗牛double-wall viewing，双壁透照echo，回波eddy current examination，涡流检验emulsifier，乳化剂examination medium，检验介质exposure，暴光image quality indicator，象质显示器inspector，检验师liquid penetrants testing，渗液检验magnetic particle testing，磁粉检验mass spectrometer，质谱仪nondestructive inspection，无损探伤penetrameter，透度计penetrant，渗透计radiographic testing，射线检验scan，扫描scratch，滑痕search unit，探头single-wall viewing，单壁透照sniffer，嗅探器straight beam，直射波streak，条纹2006-7-14 00:56 狂奔的蜗牛ultrasonic instrument，超生仪ultrasonic testing，超声波检验visual testing，外观检验，目测wheel search unit，轮式探头x-ray machine，X射线水轮机（hydraulic turbine）hydraulic turbine，水轮机reaction turbine，反击式水轮机impulse turbine，冲击式水轮机francis turbine，混流式水轮机axial turbine，轴流式水轮机prototype turbine，原型水轮机rated head，额定水头effective head，有效水头net head，净水头maximal head，最大水头minimal head最小水头spiral case，蜗壳stay ring，座环wicket gate，导叶main shaft，主轴shaft seal，主轴密封2006-7-14 01:06 狂奔的蜗牛coupling flange，连接法兰runner，转轮runner crown，转轮上冠runner band，转轮下冠runner cone，转轮泄水锥runner blade/bucket，转轮叶片head cover，顶盖bottom ring，底环discharge ring，基础环draft tube，尾水管draft tube cone，尾水锥管draft tube elbow，尾水肘管governor，调速器governor cubicle/cabinet，调速器柜oil pressure tank/vessel，压力油灌oil sump tank，回油灌gate ring，控制环distributor，导水机构shear pin，剪断销ring gate，筒型筏servomotor，接力器efficiency，效率欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。