2018杨浦区高三英语二模卷解析(答案)
2018届杨浦高三英语二模答案
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Excuse me, I'm looking for a volleyball. Where can I find sporting goods?W: Sporting goods is on the second floor, right next to the lift.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? (B)2. W: It might be difficult to find a house of that size in the central area. And what's your upper limit for the rent?M: We'd like something around $580 a month, but we could go up to $640 if we have to. But we can't go beyond that.Q: How much will the man pay at most? (D)3. W: I don’t agree with Mr. Johnson on his views about social we lfare. He seems to suggest that the poor are robbing the rich.M: He could have used better words to express his idea. But I’ve found what he said makes a lot of sense.Q: What does the man mean? (B)4. W: Have you seen the video on WeChat? How ridiculous it is to believe that you can charge a phone with anonion!M: My mom is such kind of person. If she finds something interesting, she shares it with her friends without checking the facts.Q: What are they talking about? (B)5. W: These summer days are getting to be hotter than I can take.M: Hang in there. According to the weather report we should have some relief by the end of the week.Q: What does the man mean? (B)6. M: I'm really exhausted, Mary. But I don't want to miss the Hollywood movie.W: If I were you, I'd skip it. We both have to get up early tomorrow. And anyway I've heard it's not as exciting as advertised.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? (C)7.W: I have been trying to call my parents for half an hour, but the line is always busy. They must be having a chat with others on the phone.M: Nobody else could have been talking with them on the phone for so long. They must have hung up the phone improperly.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)8. W: Well, there is a big scheme to improve the district, and it'll soon have the best facilities for miles around.M: There's a big sports centre under construction, which will be very impressive when it's finished. In fact, the swimming pool's already opened ahead of schedule.Q: What can we learn about the district? (B)9. W: Pam said the psychologist test would be postponed till next month.M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything.Q: What does the man imply about Pam? (A)10. M: I'm glad when our club decides to raise money for the children's hospital, most of the people we phonedseemed happy to contribute.W: Yes. Now that we've gone through all the numbers on our list, I guess we can call it a day.Q: What can we learn about the two speakers? (C)Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.What's the attraction of coffee shops? It's been said that JK Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books sitting in one in Edinburgh. But if you're spending all day buying one expensive coffee after another and haven't sold your first novel yet, the costs can really add up.For those who work outside of a traditional office or just want to take time out, there's a new alternative in London: a pay-per-minute café. You'll be given a clock when you come in to keep time. When you leave, you return the item and pay the bill. The cost of hanging out, eating, working and meeting new people in the place is 3p per minute - or £1.80 an hour. The shop's owner, Ivan Meetin, says: "Everything is free, except the time you spend there".Customers help themselves to coffee and cookies. They can also bring their own food to eat while accessing the Internet through W-Fi.The new coffee shop's atmosphere is relaxed. Meetin believes his coffee shop is a bit like "social media", but with a face. Like-minded people go there to socialize. Some feel so much at home that they wash the dishes.The concept of coffee shops, where you pay for the time and not for the cup, has proved popular in Russia. Only time will tell if the British will warm to the idea.Questions:11. Why is every customer given a clock in the new style café? (C)12. What can we learn about Meetin’s coffee shop? (B)13. How is the new concept of coffee shop? (D)Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A university in east China's Zhejiang Province has introduced artificial intelligence (AI) to correct the test papers on the Chinese language course for its students."It takes only 40 seconds for the AI to correct a Chinese essay," said a Chinese language professor at Zhejiang International Studies University.Eleven overseas students from six countries including Russia, Republic of Korea and Zambia sat the final exam. Using different symbols, the AI corrector accurately marked for various errors, including missing characters, incorrect selection and word order.The AI corrector was developed by Chinese Internet giant Alibaba, which said its accuracy rate neared or was even beyond its human counterparts.According to the developers, after converting the papers into digital texts with the help of character recognition technology, the AI, which had "learned" hundreds of thousands of Chinese linguistic data systems, was able to identify grammatical mistakes and mark them.However, "it can only find language mistakes, and is unable to appreciate an essay in terms of vocabulary, sentence pattern or writing style," said Zhang Lu, a language professor at Renmin University.Questions:14. What’s the usage of the AI corrector? (B)15. What should be done before AI corrector starts working? (C)16. What’s the limitation of AI corrector? (B)Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hey, Paul, look at how many people liked and commented on my funny post about Bill.W: That post isn’t funny! It’s just plain mean.M: Of course it’s funny! If it weren’t funny, why would so many people have liked it?W: A lot of students enjoy bullying Bill, so of course they go along when you do it.M: My post doesn’t bully Bill! It’s just a harmless little joke.W: Bill didn’t seem to think it was harmless. Did you see how upset he was when he checked his phone after class?M: Bill is just too sensitive. He needs to learn how to take a joke. The things I say aren’t bad compared to what other kids do. Did you see Sam push Bill halfway down the stairs this morning?W: Yeah, that was bad, but that doesn’t excuse the mean things you say. Continual bullying can feel even worse than a single mean action.M: Look. This is just the way kids at our school treat each other. Do you remember the way Sam made fun of me last year? I learned to live with it, and so can Bill.W: Yes, but I’m sure you still remember how much that whole thing hurt. Why would you want to make someone else go through the same thing?M: Do you really think my post hurt Bill that much?W: Maybe not by itself, but the constant bullying is certainly hurting him. This sort of thing can affect people’s grades and their emotional health.M: I’m still not totally convinced that what I posted about Bill was that bad. But maybe I won’t post anything else about him this week.Questions:17. According to the woman, why did so many people like the man’s post about Bill? (B)18. Which of the following has nothing to do with Sam? (C)19. What does the woman think might be the result of constant bullying? (D)20. What will the man probably do after the conversation? (D)答案：I. Listening1-10 BDBBB CCBAC 11-13 CBD 14-16 BCB 17-20 BCDDII. Grammar and Vocabulary21. in 22. most innovative 23. may/might 24. that/which 25. to power 26. As long as 27. bringing 28. Founded 29. have improved/ have been improved 30. seeking31-40 K E A G B D H F J IIII. ReadingSection A41-- 55 ACBDB CCDAB BCD ABSection B56-59 A B C D 60-62 A B C 63-66 C D B BSection C67-70 F B D AIV. Summary writingParents are generally classified into three different types. The monarch-type parents are self-centered and dominant, so they usually force their opinions on children. The servant-type parents are child-centered, willing to devote everything to meeting children’s demands unconditionally. The friend-type parents are democratic and wise, who accompany their children through effective communication and joint work. Children favor the last type.Parenting differs depending on parent’s different views of life. T he Monarch-type parents don’t respect their children and force regulations upon them. The servant-type parents willingly sacrifice everything to satisfy children’s needs and wishes. The friend-type parents, the most welcomed type, are democratic and friendly while sticking to their principles. A re-examination of parenting is necessary for children’s healthy growth.V. Translation72. Hundreds of firemen are reported to be taking part in the rescue operation.73. The great scientist is known to the world for his outstanding academic achievements, strongwill and optimistic attitude.74. A trade war is a fight/conflict that serves the interests of none, and will only lead to seriousconsequence and negative impact./ A trade war, which serves the interests of none, will only lead to……/ A trade war, a fight that serves the interest of none will only lead to…75. When the Facebook CEO apologized for revealing the personal information of its users,information security again became a hot topic of public debate/a hot issue among the public.WritingAs is apparently known in the picture above, a man experiences different stages on his way to managing one thing. We can see that he undergoes unwillingness, confusion, hard work in his process of succeeding in doing a certain thing. The picture really sets us thinking. It follows that in the course of realizing our goal, we need to make sustained efforts.Just take my personal experience for example. I used to be a shy person and timid to communicate with strangers. As time went on, I found that l was a bit isolated from people surrounded me. Initially, I got a little depressed and found it more difficult to have a communication. I denied myself. Then l turned to my parents forhelp. They patiently guided me to be open-minded and exposed me to some social activities. I overcome my worries and fight once and again. Later on, l was surprised to find that l became more confident and easygoing. I realized the happiness the communication brought and made acquaintances with different kinds of people. I made it.It was through sustained efforts that I was able to become an easygoing person and gain true friendships. （250 words score 22）As is depicted in the drawing, success advents as one’s willingness and confidence moves u p along the ladder. The thought-provoking image rings especially true to me. Vivid memories come flooding back to the days when I was learning ballet.My parents sent me to a ballet trainer when I was five. Initially, I was totally reluctant and contradicted with all the training, pondering that learning such girly staff was an offence for me as a boy and could deprive me of the opportunity to interact with my peers. However, after I watched a ballet performance on the television, I was completely captivated by the essence of ballet –the perfect blend of strength and beauty. I gradually accepted the training while still wondering whether I could make it, since ballet has a high demand for one’s resilience. So I kept stretching my body every day and trained very hard. Eventually, I could handle sophisticated movements like self-rotation with ease.From the experience, it dawns on me that only with willingness will one strive for his goal, make endeavors for it, and zero in one hundred percent in it, and only with confidence can one conquer those seemingly insurmountable obstacles and swipe the thorns lying in the road leading to ultimate success. I firmly believe that taking hold of willingness and confidence, we will surely not only survive but also thrive in our pursuit of success and become rosy in the rocky path of life. After all, life is not a series of coincidences but a series of consequences. (320 words score 22)As is vividly depicted in the picture people go through a complex progress when achieving certain goals. Their attitudes change from self-denying to tentativeness and then to cheerfulness and confidence. Actually, life is a circular and we approach success step by step.The story of Elson Murk, CEO of Tesla and Space X is really aspiring. He experienced loss of failures in retrieving rockets and was once stuck in the period of being skeptical of himself. However, his tough mind and passion enable him to step out of the shadow and to pursue his dream. With his again-and-again trying, his efforts finally bore fruits. His rocket industry now becomes a giant globally.Challenges and disappointment are unavailable on our way to success. Nevertheless, we still hold the power to decide what we are going to do. As long as we don't lose faith and are willing to try, we can break the obstacles in our minds and walk sure-footedly toward our goals.Nobody can achieve success in one night without luck. Success is by no means an accident. We have to go through each phase bravely and eventually embrace its sweetness of success. (233 words 21 scores)Life is like an ocean, only people with strong mind can reach the other side, when we meet with difficulties that we think we can’t conquer it, don’t be afraid of failure. Just do it, and them success becomes available.At first, we may be pessimistic about the things which are hard to complete. Just like my poor physics, I was fed up with the difficult problems and believed firmly that I wouldn’t do it and I couldn’t do it, but I remembered that Meng Ke said, ‘If the God wants to put great responsibility on you, he will make you suffer from hardship, and then you will be able to do what you couldn’t do.Then I adjust my attitude. ‘What will happen if I try solving some physics problems?’ I asked myself. That might be an interesting challenge. Some faint will of working out the problems came into my mind. So I asked myteacher about the problems. He told me patiently how I should so with the problems. When I was puzzled about whether I should give up, he said, ‘Don’t hesitate. Just do it!’So I tried my best to solve the problems. I never left my problems to tomorrow. Gradually, I was not afraid of them. Instead, I even enjoy myself when dealing with physics problems now. When I got full mark in a physics test, I knew that something had changed in my life.In fact, I experienced the process of growth. My attitude towards physics changed from lack of confidence to being will to have a try, and then to sparing no effort to solve problems. Finally I was completely confident. Then I knew that life is like an ocean, only people with strong mind can reach the other side. When meeting with difficulties, just do it without hesitation. （304 words, 21 scores）。
2018届杨浦区高考英语二模试卷和参考答案(2018.4)(不含听力)
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷II. Grammar and vocabularySection AWhen it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21)______ innovation.According to the World Ec onomic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22)______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23)______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24)______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25)______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26)______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27)______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28)______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29)______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30)______ (seek) quality higher education in Israel. “When Chinese students who study here go back ho me, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Parents have been concerned about their kids’ use of technology since the dawn of technology – or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that ‘50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Pos t last summer expressing regret for the Pandora’s Box she and her husband helped open. “I spent my career in technology. I wasn’t prepared for its effect on my kids,” she wrote. “Phones and apps aren’t good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don’t yet have the emotional tools to deal with life’s complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up.”A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders in the U.S.between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 – just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AIf you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to __41__.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who __42__ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the __43__ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She __44__ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your __45__. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. __46__, this kind of slow, synchronized(同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology __47__ to alter people’s behaviour afterwards – potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be __48__ in fighting implicit racism(隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Assoc iation Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants __50__ lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think __51__ of them, because your brain has __52__ the feeling of being that person.W ahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I would really, really __53__ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our __54__ experience. With this kind of experience we can __55__ empathy –the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. intention49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection B(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Bri ts. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the k ids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites(精英) who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary(助学金) for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Br itain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous(同种类的), relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospital employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social serviceDJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera Drone –FreeExtra BatteryLimited time free extra battery worth 69 –get thisbefore the offer runs out!The DJI Mavic Pro folds down as small as a bottle ofwater, making it small enough to bring with youeverywhereNew OcuSync transmission system offers up to 7km oftransmission rageFly at up to 40mph or for as long as 27-minutesTrue 4K, fully stabilized ensures smooth footage●Active Track, TapFly and other smart features makeprofessional looking video effortless●Obstacle Avoidance combined with sensorredundancy increases flight safety and reliabilityDJI Spark Alopine White with Extra Battery &Free Soft Shell CaseCOMES WITH FREE CONTROLLER ANDCASE!Shoot selfies and pilot the drone just by movingyour handsBuilt-in obstacle avoidance for stress-free flyingRecord ultra-stable Full HD footage and 12MP stillsMeasures approximately the same size as can ofpop●Automatic templates allow for quick and easyediting for you to share on social media●Speed: 31 mph●Dimensions: H5.5 x W14.3 x D14.3cm (folded)DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera Drone with FreeHard Shell BackpackFree Hardshell BackpackAvoid obstacles infront and below automatically.Track moving subjects automatically using ActiveTrack.TapFly lets you fly with a tap of the finger.Smart Return Home allows the Phantom to avoidobstacles as it returns home.●Maximum speed of 44 mph (72kmh)●Integrated gimbal for greater camera stabilityand smoother footage.ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone With720p FPV Camera & Auto Hover PFBD95It folds away small enough to fit into your backpackwithout taking up any valuable spaceTap a button to take off. Tap a button to land. It’s thatsimple to control!Leave the controller at home and use yoursmartphone to pilot it instead●It automatically returns to you at the touch of abutton, which makes it ideal for beginners●Built-in LED lights let you keep track of yourdrone from a distance or when flying at night●Choose from 3 different speed setting to honeyour piloting skills60. The four drones(无人机) are listed in order of ______.A. popularityB. discountC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, _______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provide students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observa tions from the ground up,” said Marile Colon Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).E ven though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds(细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow(片状雪) or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their suface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colon Robles.You don’t have to be a cl oud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colon Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A. createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world –sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia andLatin America. ___67___Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.___68___ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. ___69___ “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into cities could be facing could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,”said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead.“___70___” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.Ⅳ. Summary WritingIt is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents' views of life vary, they show their love in different ways．The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore，they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have litter respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children's. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “you sh ould do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all thetime. They are soft, good-nature, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so tong as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children's sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friends-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children's interests, and listen attentively to their children's expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let's put our heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.Ⅴ. Translation72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
上海高三英语2018杨浦二模
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2018. 4I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman's views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the week.C. He will hang out at the end of the week.D. He 's relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Skip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents' telephone.C. It's very likely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy talking on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and knows everything.D. He knows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish working today.D. They're glad to contribute money.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to make full use of time.B. They can keep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a clock as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaxed atmosphere attracts like-minded people to socialize there.C. Customers can bring their own snacks because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as expected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It takes time to see whether British people like it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistakes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in itC. The paper text should be changed into digital text.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot work as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mark different mistakes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny. B. They enjoy bullying (欺负) Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often give likes to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs. B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. Seek revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal skills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible. B. Apologize to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21) ______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22) ______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23) ______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24) ______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25) ______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26) ______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27) ______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28) ______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29) ______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30) ______ (seek) quality higher education in Israle. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they wi ll be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. NoteA study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 –just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games –the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to ___41___.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who ___42___ became a man. “It feels mysteriou s. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the ___43___ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She ___44___ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your___45___. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having contro l of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. ___46___, this kind of slow, synchronized (同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology ___47___to alter people’s behaviour afterwards –potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be ___48___ in fighting implicit racism (隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants ___50___lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ___51___ of them, because your brain has ___52___ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I would really, really ___53___ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our ___54___ experience. With this kind of experience we can ___55___empathy – the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understandthemselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. effective49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit (脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” i s a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites（精英）who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College London said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary（助学金）for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain lo oking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous（同种类的）, relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social service(B)••••••••••••••••••••••••••••60. The four drones (无人机) are listed in order of ______.A. popularityB. salesC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, ______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by a smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provides students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observations from the ground up,” said Marilé Colón Robles, lead for the GLOBE Cl ouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow （片状雪）or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their surface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colón Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colón Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A.createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world—sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. __________67__________Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.__________68__________ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. __________69__________“Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas int o cities could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “__________70__________” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration willbe in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have little respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their childre n’s sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with thei r children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
上海市杨浦区2018届高三下-等级考调研(二模)英语试卷(含答案)
杨浦区第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman's views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the week.C. He will hang out at the end of the week.D. He 's relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Skip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents' telephone.C. It's very likely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy talking on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and knows everything.D. He knows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish working today.D. They're glad to contribute money.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to make full use of time.B. They can keep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a clock as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaxed atmosphere attracts like-minded people to socialize there.C. Customers can bring their own snacks because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as expected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It takes time to see whether British people like it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistakes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in itC. The paper text should be changed into digital text.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot work as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mark different mistakes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying (欺负) Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often give likes to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. Seek revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal skills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologize to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21) ______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22) ______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23) ______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24) ______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25) ______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative.(26) ______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27) ______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28) ______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29) ______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30) ______ (seek) quality higher education in Israle. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. EachParents have been concerned about their kids' use of technology since the dawnof technology – or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that '50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora's Box she and her husband helped open. "I spent my career in technology.I wasn't prepared for its effect on my kids," she wrote. "Phones and apps aren't good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to deal with life's complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up."A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness.It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 –just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to ___41___.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who ___42___ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the ___43___ of how it would be if it were y our body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She ___44___ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your___45___. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. ___46___, this kind of slow, synchronized (同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It wasso natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, usin g such technology ___47___to alter people’s behaviour afterwards – potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be ___48___ in fighting implicit racism (隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants ___50___lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ___51___ of them, because your brain has ___52___ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I would really, really ___53___ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about th ings,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our ___54___ experience. With this kind of experience we can ___55___empathy – the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. effective49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D.initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country li ke Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites（精英） who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College London said: “The problem of UK vocational educat ion has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary（助学金）for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britonsqueuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous（同种类的）, relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social service£899.00A. popularityB. salesC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time,______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has aunique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by a smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provides students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Pro gram’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observations from the ground up,” said Marilé Colón Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow （片状雪）or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their surfaceobservations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colón Robles.You don’t have to be a cl oud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colón Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaningto ______.A.createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world—sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. __________67__________ Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.__________68__________ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. __________69__________“Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas int o cities could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “__________70__________” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have little respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going.They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their childr en’s sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
上海市杨浦区2018届高三下-等级考调研(二模)英语试卷含答案
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman's views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the week.C. He will hang out at the end of the week.D. He 's relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Skip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents' telephone.C. It's very likely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy talking on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and knows everything.D. He knows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish working today.D. They're glad to contribute money.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to make full use of time.B. They can keep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a clock as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaxed atmosphere attracts like-minded people to socialize there.C. Customers can bring their own snacks because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as expected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It takes time to see whether British people like it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistakes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in itC. The paper text should be changed into digital text.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot work as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mark different mistakes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying (欺负) Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often give likes to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. Seek revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal skills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologize to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21) ______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22) ______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23) ______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24) ______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength(25) ______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative.(26) ______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27) ______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28) ______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29) ______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30) ______ (seek) quality higher education in Israle. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. EachParents have been concerned about their kids' use of technology since the dawnof technology – or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that '50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora's Box she and her husband helped open. "I spent my career in technology.I wasn't prepared for its effect on my kids," she wrote. "Phones and apps aren't good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to deal with life's complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up."A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10thand 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 –just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to ___41___.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality de vice. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who ___42___ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the ___43___ of how it would be if it were you r body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She ___44___ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your___45___. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s bod y without actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. ___46___, this kind of slow,synchronized (同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology ___47___to alter people’s behaviour afterwards – potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be ___48___ in fighting implicit racism (隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants ___50___lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ___51___ of them, because your brain has ___52___ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone a gain. “I would really, really ___53___ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our ___54___ experience. With this kind of experience we can ___55___empathy – the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. effective49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D.recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D.initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites（精英） who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College London said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK remo ved the state bursary（助学金）for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It wi ll continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Muchthe same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous（同种类的）, relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social service(B)£899.00 A. popularity B. salesC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time,______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has aunique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by a smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provides students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observations from the ground up,” said Marilé Colón Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow （片状雪）or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and comparethem to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their surface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colón Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colón Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaningto ______.A.createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world—sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. __________67__________ Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.__________68__________ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. __________69__________“Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into cities could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “__________70__________” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have little respect for others’ opinions, lea st of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for thei r children’s sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
2018届杨浦区高考英语二模
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2018.4Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson’s ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson’s views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman’s views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the week.C. He will hang out at the end of the week.D. He’s relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Skip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents’ telephone.C. It’s very likely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy talking on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and knows everything.D. He knows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish working today.D. They’re glad to contribute money.Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to make full use of time.B. They can keep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a clock as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaxed atmosphere attracts like-minded people to socialize there.C. Customers can bring their own snacks because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as expected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It takes time to see whether British people like it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistakes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in it.C. The paper text should be changed into digital text.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot work as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mark different mistakes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying（欺负）Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often g ive likes to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. Seek revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal skills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologize to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection AWhen it comes to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21)______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22)______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switzerland.Many of us (23)______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software (24)______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25)______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26)______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27)______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28)______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29)______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30)______ (seek) quality higher education in Israel. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Parents have been concerned about their kids’ us e of technology since the dawn of technology – or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and kids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that ‘50s moms and dads c ould never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taken a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer expressing regret for the Pandora’s Box she and her husband helped open. “I spent my career in technology. I wasn’t prepared for its effect on my kids,” she wrote. “Phones a nd apps aren’t good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don’t yet have the emotional tools to deal with life’s complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up.”A study, which came out this year, looked at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ markers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 – just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount oftime spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among kids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socializing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognized mental health disorder by the World Health Organization – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Facebook created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organization Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attack on the very industry they had a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AIf you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taking the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to think about, but seemingly impossible to __41__.Yet a few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rikke Frances Wahl, a woman who __42__ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get th e __43__ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She __44__ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your __45__. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. __46__, this kind of slow, synchronized(同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology __47__ to alter people’s behaviour afterwards – potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be __48__ in fighting implicit racism(隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlike their skin, participants __50__ lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same skin colour.The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think __51__ of them, because your brain has __52__ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I would really, really __53__ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our __54__ experience. With this kind of experience we can __55__ empathy –the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. execute B. excuse C. explore D. exhibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. intention49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyzed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. expressed B. mixed C. internalized D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection B(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Brexit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the UK is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Brexiter, I’d say: Brexit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If UK wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction workers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the working class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Brexit, high-skilled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the UK developed a brilliant way: let a poor country like Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to look after sick Brits. Low-skilled immigrants eager to work all hours for little money gave the UK cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-skilled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The co ming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too: the kids who have made London’s state schools the UK’s best, plus the offspring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites(精英) who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and make the UK richer.But Brexiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution: equip working-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to banking. Jonathan Portes, economics professor at King’s College said: “The problem of UK vocational education has been known for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the UK removed the state bursary(助学金) for people training to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.I f Britain doesn’t upskill its workers fast, it will lose skilled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the UK. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-skilled foreign fruit pickers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace them, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the likely post-Brexit outcome is a UK that cannot keep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looking a bit more like today’s English seaside towns, or most of the country in the 1970s: culturally homogeneous(同种类的), relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The UK is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. skilled immigrants leave the country after BrexitB. it doesn’t have enough fund to train its own citizensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the UK before Brexit?A. Hospital employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the UK.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lack of skilled fruit pickers.D. The outflow of talent only existed in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Brexit Britain is likely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BrexitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go backward in economy and social serviceFreethisThe DJI Mavic Pro folds down as small as a bottle ofyouNew OcuSync transmission system offers up to 7km offeaturessensorDJI Spark Alopine White with Extra Battery &ANDmovingRecord ultra-stable Full HD footage and 12MP stillsMeasures approximately the same size as can of popD14.3cmFreeActiveavoidstabilityProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone WithIt folds away small enough to fit into your backpackTap a button to take off. Tap a button to land. It’s thatyouryourhone60. The four drones(无人机) are listed in order of ______.A. popularityB. discountC. priceD. size61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, _______ is recommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4K Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spark Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4K Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maverick Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that ______.A. its maximum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by smartphoneD. it takes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provide students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists of all ages can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offeri ng this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations: observations from the ground up,” said Marile Colon Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re g oing from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which will also change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citizen science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For example, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds(细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow(片状雪) or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their suface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colon Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colon Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A. createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citizen observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prize.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looked at three developing regions of the world –sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia andLatin America. ___67___Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.___68___ It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. ___69___ “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into cities could be facing could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Kumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead.“___70___” Rigaud added.The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.Ⅳ. Summary WritingIt is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents' views of life vary, they show their love in different ways．The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore，they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they have litter respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children's. The sentence they say most frequently to their childre n is, “you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all thetime. They are soft, good-nature, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children ask for. They are happy so tong as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children's sake. With their children at the center of their lives, they always ask, “What else can we do for you?”The friends-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Like good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children's interests, and listen attentively to their children's expression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticking to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say: “Let's put our heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-examine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.Ⅴ. Translation72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
上海市杨浦区2018届高三下学期等级考模拟质量调研(二模)英语
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speaers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be ased about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoen only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at epressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman's views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the wee.C. He will hang out at the end of the wee.D. He 's relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Sip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents' telephone.C. It's very liely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy taling on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and nows everything.D. He nows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish woring today.D. They're glad to contribute money.Section BDirections In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be ased several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoen only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to mae full use of time.B. They can eep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a cloc as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaed atmosphere attracts lie-minded people to socialie there.C. Customers can bring their own snacs because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as epected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It taes time to see whether British people lie it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistaes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in itC. The paper tet should be changed into digital tet.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot wor as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mar different mistaes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying (欺负) Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often give lies to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. See revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal sills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologie to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections After reading the passage below, fill in the blans to mae the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blans with a given word, fill in each blan with the proper form of the given word; for the other blans, use one word that best fits each blan.When it comes to innovative countries, we always thin of places lie the US, the U and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21) ______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22) ______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switerland.Many of us (23) ______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For eample, antivirus software (24) ______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25) ______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26) ______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to inhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27) ______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recyclingwater for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28) ______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29) ______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30) ______ (see) quality higher education in Israle. “When Chinese students who study here go bac home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Section BDirections Fill in each blan with a proper word chosen from the bo. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Parents have been concerned about their ids' use of technology since the dawn of technology –or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and ids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that '50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taen a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer epressing regret for the Pandora's Bo she and her husband helped open. "I spent my career in technology. I wasn't prepared for its effect on my ids," she wrote. "Phones and apps aren't good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to deal with life's complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up."A study, which came out this year, looed at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ marers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 – just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among ids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socialiing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognied mental health disorder by the World Health Organiation – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Faceboo created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organiation Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attac on the very industry theyhad a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blan in the following passage there are four words or phrases mared A, B, C and D. Fill in each blan with the word or phrase that best fits the contet.If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taing the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to thin about, but seemingly impossible to ___41___.Yet a few people have eperienced what it might be lie to step into the sin of another person, thans to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rie Frances Wahl, a woman who ___42___ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the ___43___ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) eperiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She ___44___ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the eact view of your___45___. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body witho ut actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. ___46___, this ind of slow, synchronied (同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though t hey were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology ___47___to alter people’s behaviour afterwards –potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be ___48___ in fighting implicit racism (隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlie their sin, participants ___50___ lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same sin colour.T he idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less liely to thin ___51___ of them, because your brain has ___52___ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I woul d really, really ___53___ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our ___54___ eperience. With this ind of eperience we can ___55___empathy –the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. eecute B. ecuse C. eplore D. ehibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. effective49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. epressed B. mied C. internalied D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection BDirections Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices mared A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Breit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the U is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Breiter, I’d say Breit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If U wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction worers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the woring class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Breit, high-silled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the U developed a brilliant way let a poor country lie Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to loo after sic Brits. Low-silled immigrants eager to wor all hours for little money gave the U cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-silled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too the ids who have made London’s state schools the U’s best, plus the offsp ring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites（精英）who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and mae the U richer.But Breiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution equip woring-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to baning. J onathan Portes, economics professor at ing’s College London said “The problem of U vocational education has been nown for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the U removed the state bursary（助学金）for peopletraining to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upsill its worers fast, it will lose silled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the U. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-silled foreign fruit picers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace t hem, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the liely post-Breit outcome is a U that cannot eep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looing a bit more lie today’s English s easide towns, or most of the country in the 1970s culturally homogeneous（同种类的）, relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The U is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. silled immigrants leave the country after BreitB. it doesn’t have enoug h fund to train its own citiensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the U before Breit?A. Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the U.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lac of silled fruit picers.D. The outflow of talent only eisted in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Breit Britain is liely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BreitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go bacward in economy and social service(B)DJI Mavic Pro 4 Foldable Camera Drone - Free Etra Battery •Limited time free etra battery worth 69 - get this before the offer runs out!•The DJI Mavic Pro folds down as small as a bottle of water, maing it small enough to bring with you everywhere•New OcuSync transmission system offers up to 7m of transmission range•Fly at up to 40mph or for as long as 27-minutes•True 4, fully stabilied ensures smooth footage •ActiveTrac, TapFly and other smart features mae professional looing video effortless•Obstacle Avoidance combined with sensor redundancy increases flight safety and reliability£899.00 or £24.97 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>DJI Spar Alpine White with Etra Battery & Free Soft Shell Case•COMES WITH FREE CONTROLLER AND CASE! •Shoot selfies and pilot the drone just by moving your hands •Built-in obstacle avoidance for stress-free flying•Record ultra-stable Full HD footage and 12MP stills •Measures approimately the same sie as can of pop •Automatic templates allow for quic and easy editing for you to share on social media•Speed 31 mph•Dimensions H5.5 W14.3 D14.3 cm (folded)•£519.00or £14.42 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>DJI Phantom 4 4 Camera Drone with Free Hard Shell Bacpac •Free Hardshell Bacpac•Avoid obstacles infront and below automatically.•Trac moving subjects automatically using ActiveTrac. •TapFly lets you fly with a tap of the finger.•Smart Return Home allows the Phantom to avoid obstacles as it returns home.•28 minute maimum flight time, maimum control range of 2m. •Maimum speed of 44mph (72mh).•Integrated gimbal for greater camera stability and smoother footage.£849.00or £12.50 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>Quic viewQuic viewQuic viewProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone With 720p FPV Camera & Auto Hover PFBD95•It folds away small enough to fit into your bacpac without taing up any valuable space•Tap a button to tae off. Tap a button to land. It's that simple to control!•Leave the controller at home and use your smartphone to pilot it instead•It automatically returns to you at the touch of a button, which maes it ideal for beginners•Built-in LED lights let you eep trac of your drone from a distance or when flying at night•Choose from 3 different speed settings to hone your piloting sills•£74.97 √ In Stoc√Delivery fromtomorrowFind Out More >>A. popularityB. salesC. priceD. sie61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, ______ isrecommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4 Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spar Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4 Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that______.A. its maimum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by a smartphoneD. it taes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sy. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to tae part in a citien science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provides students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citien scientists of all ages can mae up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GL OBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citien scientist observations observations from the ground up,” said Marilé Colón Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which willQuic viewalso change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citien science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley wor with a set of si instruments nown as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For eample, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow （片状雪）or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to loo at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citien scientists on the ground.“Looing at what an observer recorded as clouds and looing at their surface ob servations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colón Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gaing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of eper ience identifying clouds, Colón Robles offers the following advice “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A.createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citien observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prie.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citien scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citiens Gain Eperience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.Section CDirections Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blan with a proper sentence given in the bo. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A new report by the World Ban shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looed at three developing regions of the world—sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. __________67__________Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.__________68__________ It is important to help people mae good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. __________69__________ “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into citi es could be facing new and even more dangerous riss,” said anta umari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “__________70__________” Rigaud added.The report recommends ey actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.IV. Summary WritingDirections Read the following passage. Summarie the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they havelittle respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children as for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children’s sae. Wi th their children at the center of their lives, they always as, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Lie good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s epression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticing to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-eamine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.V. TranslationDirections Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the bracets.72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。
上海市杨浦区2018届高三下学期等级考模拟质量调研(二模)英语
杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speaers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be ased about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoen only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. On the playground. B. In a department store.C. In the school building.D. In a stadium.2. A. $518. B. $580.C. $614.D. $640.3. A. Mr. Johnson's ideas are nonsense.B. He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.C. Mr. Johnson is good at epressing his ideas.D. He shares the woman's views on social welfare.4. A. New ways to charge phones.B. The spread of false information.C. Interesting videos on WeChat.D. How people enlarge their circle of friends.5. A. The weather report is far from the truth.B. The heat continues to the end of the wee.C. He will hang out at the end of the wee.D. He 's relieved to have gone through the hot days.6. A. See the Hollywood movie.B. Sip the beginning of the movie.C. Go to sleep early.D. Watch the movie advertisement.7. A. The woman has been chatting with her parents for a long time.B. There is something wrong with her parents' telephone.C. It's very liely that the phone is not properly hung up.D. Her parents are busy taling on the phone for 30 minutes.8. A. A big sports centre is opened to the public.B. A swimming pool has already been completed.C. More facilities will be finished ahead of time.D. It has the most impressive building for miles around.9. A. His words are not so reliable.B. He is well prepared for the test.C. He is well-informed and nows everything.D. He nows a lot about the school arrangement.10. A. They are raising money for their club.B. They will go on to call more people.C. They will finish woring today.D. They're glad to contribute money.Section BDirections In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be ased several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoen only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They can remind themselves to mae full use of time.B. They can eep time when they are writing a novel.C. They should pay by the minute when they leave.D. They can get a cloc as a gift for buying the coffee.12. A. Customers should wash their own dishes for there is no waitress.B. The relaed atmosphere attracts lie-minded people to socialie there.C. Customers can bring their own snacs because no food is served there.D. Wi-Fi is unavailable because face-to-face communication is encouraged there.13. A. It has proved to be popular in both Britain and Russia.B. The pilot shop in London is not as successful as epected.C. It’s not well-received in Britain because it costs more.D. It taes time to see whether British people lie it or not.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Teach students how to avoid errors in writing.B. Correct test papers on Chinese language course.C. Help foreigners to learn Chinese characters.D. Correct mistaes in students’ speeches.15. A. It should be connected with a laser printer.B. Essays of different styles should be stored in itC. The paper tet should be changed into digital tet.D. Character recognition system should be installed in it.16. A. It cannot wor as efficiently and accurately as a real teacher.B. It cannot appreciate the content and the beauty of language.C. It cannot use different symbols to mar different mistaes.D. Its Chinese linguistic data system is not big and complete.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The post is really funny.B. They enjoy bullying (欺负) Bill.C. They all get along well with Bill.D. They often give lies to friend’s post.18. A. He pushed Bill down the stairs.B. He made fun of the man last year.C. He made negative comments on the post.D. He once hurt the man’s feeling seriously.19. A. Lead to quarrels and isolation.B. See revenge and behave violently.C. Improve endurance and interpersonal sills.D. Affect academic performance and emotional health.20. A. Delete his post as soon as possible.B. Apologie to Bill for his hurtful post.C. Convince Bill of his well-meant action.D. Stop posting anything about Bill for a while.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections After reading the passage below, fill in the blans to mae the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blans with a given word, fill in each blan with the proper form of the given word; for the other blans, use one word that best fits each blan.When it comes to innovative countries, we always thin of places lie the US, the U and Germany. However, Israel is also a global leader (21) ______ innovation.According to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017, Israel is the second (22) ______ (innovative) nation in the world, just after Switerland.Many of us (23) ______ not be aware, but technologies developed in Israel have changed our lives. For eample, antivirus software (24) ______ protects our computers was first developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, features on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.So it comes as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength (25) ______ (power) the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. (26) ______ ______ ______ Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to contribute to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to inhua News Agency.Many Israeli environmental technology companies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, (27) ______ (bring) Israeli techniques to many areas such as recyclingwater for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.(28) ______ (found) on very dry land, Israel had been worried about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel (29) ______ (improve), with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students (30) ______ (see) quality higher education in Israle. “When Chinese students who study here go bac home, they will be in positions to influence China-Israel relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel-China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.Section BDirections Fill in each blan with a proper word chosen from the bo. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Parents have been concerned about their ids' use of technology since the dawn of technology –or at least since the invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s. Today, technology is everywhere, and ids are growing up __31__ to their smartphones, tablets and laptops in ways that '50s moms and dads could never have dreamed of. Parental concern has grown along with this tech __32__. But now, even those in the industry are wondering if technology has taen a truly __33__ hold on all of us – and especially children.No less than Melinda Gates, wife of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, wrote an editorial in the Washington Post last summer epressing regret for the Pandora's Bo she and her husband helped open. "I spent my career in technology. I wasn't prepared for its effect on my ids," she wrote. "Phones and apps aren't good or bad by themselves, but for adolescents who don't yet have the emotional tools to deal with life's complication and __34__, they can add to the difficulties of growing up."A study, which came out this year, looed at yearly surveys of 8th, 10th and 12th graders in the U.S. between 1991-2016, and __35__ marers of psychological well-being, such as self-esteem, life satisfaction and happiness. It found that such well-being suddenly decreased after 2012 – just at the time that the use of smartphone and social media __36__. There was a direct correlation between the amount of time spent on electronics and unhappiness. Happiness was highest among ids who participated in sports, followed by in-person socialiing and __37__ services. The lowest? Online computer games – the abuse of which has recently been __38__ a recognied mental health disorder by the World Health Organiation – and social media.Early this year, big players formerly of tech companies such as Google and Faceboo created the Center for Humane Technology and, in partnership with the nonprofit organiation Common Sense Media, __39__ a full media and advertising attac on the very industry theyhad a hand in building. Their initiative, the Truth about Tech, is pouring millions of dollars into a(n) __40__ to warn parents, teachers and students that the technology they use is in fact engineered to addict them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections For each blan in the following passage there are four words or phrases mared A, B, C and D. Fill in each blan with the word or phrase that best fits the contet.If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? This is usually just a theoretical question. The idea of suddenly taing the form of your neighbor, a celebrity or even your dog is fun to thin about, but seemingly impossible to ___41___.Yet a few people have eperienced what it might be lie to step into the sin of another person, thans to an unusual virtual reality device. “The first seconds are just overwhelming,” says Rie Frances Wahl, a woman who ___42___ became a man. “It feels mysterious. You start to feel more and more comfortable in it, and you start to really get the ___43___ of how it would be if it were your body.”Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping(替换) eperiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She ___44___ her new body using a machine called The Machine to be Another. The set-up is relatively simple. Both users put on a virtual reality headset with a camera installed to the top of it. The video from each camera is piped to the other person, so what you see is the eact view of your___45___. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it. To get used to seeing another person’s body witho ut actually having control of it, participants start by moving their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. ___46___, this ind of slow, synchronied (同步) movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though t hey were living in another person’s body. “It was so natural,” Wahl says, laughing, “and at the same time it was so unnatural.”Interestingly, using such technology ___47___to alter people’s behaviour afterwards –potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be ___48___ in fighting implicit racism (隐性种族歧视). Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations.Another study showed that using the so-called “rubber hand illusion(错觉)” can have the same __49__. When that rubber hand is a colour unlie their sin, participants ___50___ lower on tests for implicit racism than when they watched a hand of the same sin colour.T he idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less liely to thin ___51___ of them, because your brain has ___52___ the feeling of being that person.Wahl says that she’d jump at the chance to swap bodies with someone again. “I woul d really, really ___53___ it to everyone, everyone should try this thing,” she says. “We all have different feelings and points of views about things,” says Pointeau, “and it’s really strongly related to our ___54___ eperience. With this ind of eperience we can ___55___empathy –the action of understanding, but also maybe help people better understand themselves too.”41. A. eecute B. ecuse C. eplore D. ehibit42. A. contemporarily B. permanently C. temporarily D. secretly43. A. passion B. fantasy C. familiarity D. energy44. A. inherited B. altered C. endured D. acquired45. A. reflection B. partner C. colleague D. image46. A. Consciously B. Constantly C. Eventually D. Equivalently47. A. requires B. prefers C. promises D. volunteers48. A. progressive B. informative C. realistic D. effective49. A. impact B. instruction C. initiative D. intention50. A. analyed B. scored C. predicted D. valued51. A. highly B. ill C. straight D. fairly52. A. epressed B. mied C. internalied D. deleted53. A. connect B. advertise C. register D. recommend54. A. bodily B. sensitive C. mental D. initial55. A. endure B. promote C. honor D. identifySection BDirections Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices mared A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A British hospital director told me he was hunting for staff to replace the foreign doctors and nurses leaving because of Breit(脱欧). He hadn’t found many qualified Britons queuing to replace them.In an age when the “war for talent” is a global business trend, the U is fighting a war against talent. But if I were a Breiter, I’d say Breit should be the prompt for Britain to finally start training enough of its own talent. If U wants to avoid economic decline, it will need to train far more of its own nurses, construction worers, architects, etc. For a country whose policy has always been not to educate the woring class, that would be a reversal of history.Before Breit, high-silled immigrants staffed world-class British sectors such as the City of London and the creative economy. In healthcare, the U developed a brilliant way let a poor country lie Romania fund a nurse’s education, then underpay her to loo after sic Brits. Low-silled immigrants eager to wor all hours for little money gave the U cafes and corner shops that seldom closed. Low-silled Britons could have done these jobs, but mostly didn’t.The coming wave of British talent is largely immigrant too the ids who have made London’s state schools the U’s best, plus the offsp ring of Russian, Chinese and other foreign elites（精英）who fill private schools. Many of these would love to stay and mae the U richer.But Breiters want to cut immigration. The obvious solution equip woring-class Brits to do jobs from nursing to baning. J onathan Portes, economics professor at ing’s College London said “The problem of U vocational education has been nown for at least a century. We’ve always neglected it.” In fact, in August the U removed the state bursary（助学金）for peopletraining to be nurses, midwives and speech therapists. Students now have to fund courses themselves, then earn a low salary for a lifetime.If Britain doesn’t upsill its worers fast, it will lose silled jobs. It will continue to have the world’s best universities per capita only if it can find enough Britons to replace foreign academics who leave the U. Much the same applies to finance or design. Meanwhile, low-silled foreign fruit picers have already melted away since the pound plunged. With few Britons queuing to replace t hem, much of this year’s produce rotted in the fields.So the liely post-Breit outcome is a U that cannot eep itself in the style to which it has become accustomed. The war against talent will probably leave Britain looing a bit more lie today’s English s easide towns, or most of the country in the 1970s culturally homogeneous （同种类的）, relatively poor and under-serviced.56. The U is fighting a war against talent because ______.A. silled immigrants leave the country after BreitB. it doesn’t have enoug h fund to train its own citiensC. too many qualified Britons are queuing for creative jobsD. it is trying a different approach to attracting talent57. Which is FALSE about the situation in the U before Breit?A. Hospitals employed many immigrant nurses.B. Much attention was paid to the nurse training.C. Many Brits were unwilling to do low-paid jobs.D. Immigrant elites could find creative and decent jobs.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most well-educated immigrants had no plan to stay in the U.B. The government now gives nurses-to-be some financial support.C. A lot of fruits rotted in the fields for the lac of silled fruit picers.D. The outflow of talent only eisted in the field of education and healthcare.59. According to the writer, the post-Breit Britain is liely to ______.A. be as rich and powerful as it used to beB. be as convenient as it was before BreitC. be different in style but the same in essenceD. go bacward in economy and social service(B)DJI Mavic Pro 4 Foldable Camera Drone - Free Etra Battery •Limited time free etra battery worth 69 - get this before the offer runs out!•The DJI Mavic Pro folds down as small as a bottle of water, maing it small enough to bring with you everywhere•New OcuSync transmission system offers up to 7m of transmission range•Fly at up to 40mph or for as long as 27-minutes•True 4, fully stabilied ensures smooth footage •ActiveTrac, TapFly and other smart features mae professional looing video effortless•Obstacle Avoidance combined with sensor redundancy increases flight safety and reliability£899.00 or £24.97 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>DJI Spar Alpine White with Etra Battery & Free Soft Shell Case•COMES WITH FREE CONTROLLER AND CASE! •Shoot selfies and pilot the drone just by moving your hands •Built-in obstacle avoidance for stress-free flying•Record ultra-stable Full HD footage and 12MP stills •Measures approimately the same sie as can of pop •Automatic templates allow for quic and easy editing for you to share on social media•Speed 31 mph•Dimensions H5.5 W14.3 D14.3 cm (folded)•£519.00or £14.42 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>DJI Phantom 4 4 Camera Drone with Free Hard Shell Bacpac •Free Hardshell Bacpac•Avoid obstacles infront and below automatically.•Trac moving subjects automatically using ActiveTrac. •TapFly lets you fly with a tap of the finger.•Smart Return Home allows the Phantom to avoid obstacles as it returns home.•28 minute maimum flight time, maimum control range of 2m. •Maimum speed of 44mph (72mh).•Integrated gimbal for greater camera stability and smoother footage.£849.00or £12.50 a month√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>Quic viewQuic viewQuic viewProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone With 720p FPV Camera & Auto Hover PFBD95•It folds away small enough to fit into your bacpac without taing up any valuable space•Tap a button to tae off. Tap a button to land. It's that simple to control!•Leave the controller at home and use your smartphone to pilot it instead•It automatically returns to you at the touch of a button, which maes it ideal for beginners•Built-in LED lights let you eep trac of your drone from a distance or when flying at night•Choose from 3 different speed settings to hone your piloting sills•£74.97√ In Stoc√Delivery from tomorrowFind Out More >>A. popularityB. salesC. priceD. sie61. If you want to share what you shoot on WeChat within the shortest time, ______ isrecommended.A. DJI Mavic Pro 4 Foldable Camera DroneB. DJI Spar Alpine WhiteC. DJI Phantom 4 4 Camera DroneD. ProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone62. Among the four types, ProFlight Maveric Folding Camera Drone has a unique feature that______.A. its maimum speed is the highestB. users can pilot it just by moving fingersC. it can be controlled by a smartphoneD. it taes up the least space when folded(C)It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sy. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to tae part in a citien science cloud observation challenge. The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program that provides students and the public with the opportunity to participate in data collection and the scientific process.From March 15 through April 15, citien scientists of all ages can mae up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GL OBE Program’s website and on social media.“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show people how important it is to NASA to have citien scientist observations observations from the ground up,” said Marilé Colón Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “We’re going from winter to spring, so the types of storms will change, which willQuic viewalso change the types of clouds.”Researchers use, and value, this citien science cloud data because it helps to validate data from Earth-observing instruments. Scientists at Langley wor with a set of si instruments nown as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES).Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images. For eample, it can be difficult to differ thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow since both are cold and bright; even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow （片状雪）or snow cover. One solution to this problem is to loo at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citien scientists on the ground.“Looing at what an observer recorded as clouds and looing at their surface ob servations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colón Robles.You don’t have to be a cloud-gaing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of eper ience identifying clouds, Colón Robles offers the following advice “Just go outside.” The more clouds you observe, she said, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.63. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.B. The technology CERES uses is not that advanced.C. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.D. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify when with snow cover.64. The underlined word “validate” is closest in meaning to ______.A.createB. cancelC. countD. confirm65. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Citien observers can only submit their data by means of an app.B. Observers submitting the most observations can get a special prie.C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.D. The data collected by citien scientists will be posted on social media.66. Which is the best title for the passage?A. NASA Employs New members.B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge.C. Citiens Gain Eperience through Observation.D. Professionals Teach You to Observe Clouds.Section CDirections Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blan with a proper sentence given in the bo. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A new report by the World Ban shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.The report looed at three developing regions of the world—sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. __________67__________Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.__________68__________ It is important to help people mae good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities. __________69__________ “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into citi es could be facing new and even more dangerous riss,” said anta umari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “__________70__________” Rigaud added.The report recommends ey actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.IV. Summary WritingDirections Read the following passage. Summarie the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It is universally true that all parents in the world love their children. However, as parents’ views of life vary, they show their love in different ways.The monarch type of parents are intolerant and self-centered. They lay down regulations in the family for their children to observe. Furthermore, they insist that their children should act upon them without question. With a firm belief in their own philosophy of life, they havelittle respect for others’ opinions, least of all, their children’s. The sentence they say most frequently to their children is, “ you should do this.”Contrary to the monarch-type parents, the servant-type parents revolve around their children all the time. They are soft, good-natured, and easy-going. They never deny their children any wish, and cheerfully run to buy anything their children as for. They are happy so long as their children are content. With the sincere belief that love means sacrifice, they are ready to give up anything for their children’s sae. Wi th their children at the center of their lives, they always as, “What else can we do for you?”The friend-type parents, as the term implies, treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise. Lie good friends, they discuss with their children the latest news, share their children’s interests, and listen attentively to their children’s epression of emotion, whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. They have a close relationship with their children while sticing to their principled stand. They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solution. They respect their children as their equals. They often say “Let’s put out heads together and see what we can do.”There is no doubt that children welcome the third type of parents, for a free, friendly, and sympathetic atmosphere at home is most favorable to the development of youngsters both in body and in mind. All parents should re-eamine and change some of their ways of showing their love if they want their children to grow up happily and healthily.V. TranslationDirections Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the bracets.72. 据报道数以百计的消防员正在参加营救行动。