广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018_2019学年高一语文下学期第二次月考试题
2018-2019学年度第二学期高一第二次月考试题
2018-2019学年度第二学期高一第二次月考试题第一部分：阅读理解（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项AMichigan’s College Summer SchoolMichigan’s College Summer School is a yearly training progra m for high school students at all levels who want to improve th eir English. Courses are given by the teachers of Michigan’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums an d culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer sch ool will be from July 25 to August 15.More information is as follows:1.What information can you get from the text?A. The program will last two months.B. You can write to Thompson only in English.C. You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.D. As a Chinese student, you can send your application on Ju ly 14, 2019.2. If you are going to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school ________.A. $200B. $400C. $900D. $5003. You can most probably read the text in ________.A. a science reportB. a textbookC. anewspaper D. a telephone book BThe world is a truly strange place waiting to be explored. In ad dition to offering a lot of extraordinary locations and people, it also offers interesting festivals celebrated by people in variou s parts of the world. Here is a listof the oddest festivals that can be found around the world. Cheese Rolling Festival: A festival that is surely going to leav e you with a sore neck if not a broken one! Celebrated in Engl and, the Cheese Rolling Festival issomething that you would rather watch than take part in. Okay! Here’s how it goes. Officials set a big cheese wheel to r oll down a steep hill and participants run after it. The first one to catc h it wins the competition and the cheese. Simple? Well, try it o ut and you will know!The Monkey Buffet: Now here’s a country that actually feeds monkeys to their hearts’ content instead of chasing them awa y. Celebrated in Thailand, the Monkey Buffet is an annual eve nt that brings together a lot of locals who offer fruit and vegeta bles to over 600 monkeys. It’s a great feast as the monkeys di g into almost 3, 000 kilograms of fruit and vegetables. The people of Thailand believe this is a way to honor the Monkey Kin g called Hanuman.La Tomatina: Here’s your golden chance to get even with you r friends who sprayed(喷洒)paint on you on your birthday. Celebrated in Spain, the mo nth of August has nearly 250 pounds of tomatoes go down th e drain(被浪费掉)in what is perhaps the largest tomato fight in the world. Th e event is conducted in the town of Bunyol and attracts nearly 30, 000 tourists around the world in addition to locals. Trucklo ads of tomatoes arrive and you are ready to go. The entire ar ea is covered with slush and tomatoes within minutes. It’s a g ood time to have fun with friends and family.4. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To discuss some foreign culture.B. To introduce some unusual festivals.C. To attract more people to travel to Europe.D. To talk about the author’s interesting experiences.5. What can we learn from the passage?A. Thai people celebrate the Monkey Buffet mainly to show th eir concern for animals.B. The Monkey Buffet is celebrated because monkeys are endangered there.C. The Monkey Buffet is a religious festival celebrated in Spai n every year.D. Thai people celebrate the Monkey Buffet to honor Hanuma n.6. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. August may be a golden season to visit Bunyol.B. People will fight with their enemy at La Tomatina.C. Nearly 30, 000 people join in La Tomatina every year.D. People hold a tomato-eating competition at La Tomatina.7. The underlined part“get even with”in the last paragraph can be replaced by “_________”.A. have a great time withB. pay backC. get along well withD. make peace withCA company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to t urn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes.Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrownaway each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.A San Francisco start-up company called Rothy’s, however, turns this plastic waste i nto environmentally friendly shoes. Rothy Martin is the compa ny’s co-founder. He explains how they turn plastic into soft material fo r your feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down in to small pieces. Then they press it through a device that make s soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined, or knit together. This is done by a three-dimensional knitting machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes.The knitted fabric and the inner part of the shoes are then atta ched to the shoes’ outer part, called the sole(鞋底). This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly material: responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.Rothy’s shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and d esigns. They cost either $125 or $145 per pair, depending on the design.After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew.Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand . “We’re not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. S o we have an infinite supply of material, and I think that bodes well for our future. ”When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycl ed materials to make other products.For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the Uni ted States. However, the company says it will add internation al shipping in the near future.8. Which one is the right procedure of making shoes?①pressing small pieces②breaking down clean plastic bottles③knitting together ④cleaning plastic bottl es⑤attaching the knitted fabric, the inner part and the outer partA. ①②③④⑤B. ④②③①⑤C. ④②①③⑤D. ②①③④⑤9. Why did Rothy’s use a three-dimensional knitting machine to make shoes?A. Because it is easy to operate.B. Because it is cheaper than other machines.C. Because it is productive.D. Because it can reduce waste when making the shoes.10. What can be learned from the passage?A. This kind of shoes are sold in the shop.B. The shoes are environmentally friendly.C. Customers can return them with little money to a company.D. The shoes are available in the world.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. How to recycle plastic bottlesB. Recycled bottles find new life on women’s feetC. How a new kind of shoes became a hitD. How to make environmentally friendly shoesDElephants have impressed us for centuries. They are big, clev er, and sociable. But what if someone told you that they may also hold the key to fighting cancer (癌症)?People have been wondering why elephants do not develop c ancer, even though they have lifespans (寿命) that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years .Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the Universit y of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large numb er of genes that stop tumors (肿瘤) from developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of a n antitumor gene called TP53 in elephants. Most other specie s, including humans, only carry one copy.According to the research, which was recently published on th e online science network BioRxiv, the extra copies of the gen e improved the animal's sensitivity to DNA damage. This lets t he cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they ca n go on to form deadly tumors.“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals,” study a uthor Dr. Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell (细胞) has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with long lifespans like whales and elephants should hav e a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice d o. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a con nection with body mass.This_phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Ri chard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Pet o's paradox”. Ev olutionary (进化的) biologists believe it results from larger animals using prote ction that many smaller animals do not. In the elephant's case , the making of TP53 is nature's way of keeping this species a live.The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance (抵抗) as elephants. This means researchers could use the disco very to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers fro m spreading or even developing in the first place.“Na ture has already figured out how to prevent cancer,” said J oshua Schiffman, an oncologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US.“It's up to us to learn how different animals tackle (处理) the problem so we can use those strategies to prevent ca ncer in people.”12．Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?A．They have a large body size.B. Their genes suffer no DNA damage.C. Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors.D. They carry many genes that keep tumors from developing. 13．According to Dr. Vincent Lynch, what has been a risk in t he evolution of large animals?A. A risk of deadly tumors.B. Human behavior.C. Extreme weather.D. Cells killing themselves. 14．What does the underlined expression “This phenomenon ” in the sixth paragraph refer to?A. Larger animals have protection from TP53.B. The risk of cancer is not related to body size.C. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they have.D. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller o nes do.15．We can conclude from the last three paragraphs that ___ _____.A. humans are expected to stop cancer in the near futureB. depending on nature is not enough to fight against cancerC. this new treatment is more effective than the present onesD. the TP53 genes have proven useful in stopping cancer inmice第二部分：完形填空 (共20小题，每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文。
广东省普宁市华美实验学校学高一英语下学期第二次(月)月考试题-精
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2015-2016学年高一英语下学期第二次（5月）月考试题注意事项：本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，总分135分。
考试时间为120分钟。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，在在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AShare with usWould you like to have your writing published in this magazine?Then let us know! We pay for stories, anecdotes and jokes:Anecdotes （趣闻轶事）and Jokes＄50What’s made you laugh recently? A funny sign? A colleague’s(同事的) behaviour? Got a joke? Send it in for Laughter is the Best Medicine!Email: Juliet@Smart AnimalsUp to ＄100Send us a tale about the strange behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up 300 words. Email: audry@Power of LoveUp to ＄150Acts of generosity can change lives or just give you that warm feeling full of love. Share your mo ments 100—500 words.Email: susan@My Story＄350Do you have an inspiring or life-changing story to tell? Your story must be true, unpublished, original and 800-1000words.Email: nanjc@For more information, please visit: ./share1. How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published?A. ＄50B. ＄100C. ＄150D.＄3502. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to _______..A. Anecdotes and JokesB. Smart AnimalsC. Power of LoveD. My Story3. A story showing people’s generosity should be emailed to the editor at_________. .A. juliet@B. susan@C. Audrey@D. nanjc@4. An inspiring story sent to the magazine should _________. .A. describe strange behaviourB. contain less than 800 wordsC. be real and originalD. be published beforeBHere are a growing number of pet owners who feed their pets on raw（生食）, which means, “uncooked” meat and bones. William Burk, a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration （FDA）, believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public from health dangers, and that raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition（营养） that a pet needs every day.Learning how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines （指南）for producers of pet foods which contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats and other pets. The guidelines give r ules to protect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones to their pets should deal with these products very carefully to protect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk. Just as when you are preparing foods for human beings, use hot water and soap to wash your hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact with the food. Don’t put your hands near your mouth until you have washed them, and don’t allow your pet to touch your face right after it has eaten raw meat.“If pet owners choose to feed bones to their pets, they should watch their pets carefully when they are eating bones,” Burk says. “If a pet eats a big piece of bone that won’t pass through its digestive system（消化系统）, it is likely to kill the pet.”5. What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw meat?A. It’ll make the pet owners sick.B. It’ll keep the pets’ wild nature.C. It’s against the policy of tile FDA.D. It’s dangerous and lack of nutrition.6. The FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods with raw meat because ________.A. pet safety is a serious problemB. most pets are lack of nutritionC. feeding pets on raw is popularD. the quality of pet foods is dropping7. Those who feed pets on raw should do some necessary cleaning when ________.A. preparing raw meat for petsB. touching the food containersC. taking their pets out for a walkD. preparing foods for human beings8. What suggestion is given to pet owners in the last paragraph?A. Pets should be forbidden to eat raw bones.B. Pets should be kept away from the raw meat.C. Pets should be checked on their digestive system.D. Pets should be watched carefully while eating bones.CReading is the key to success. Apparently(显然地) every successful person develops a passion for reading. This is because reading is important to get the information required to understand something. For instance, lawyers have to study and learn every established(确立的) law on their specific branches（分支）. Sometimes the law changes according to people’s needs. A good lawyer has to be informed about the latest news in the court. A doctor has to be informed of the latest advances in medicine.Reading is very important for all mankind. Everything is relative in this world, especially reading. Reading can open many doors and it can lead you into a path of success. Studies have confirmed（证实） that reading to your unborn child is very good. This way your child will develop a passion （热爱）for reading.How do you develop a passion for reading? There is only one way you can develop yourpassion for reading. Let me explain this to you. If you want to learn how to ride a bike, you have to get on the bike as many times as possible until you have learned. It works the same way with reading. If you want to boost your reading, take a book and read it all the way through. When you finish reading your first book, take another book and do the same. Try to read as much as you can. If you are going out, grab a magazine, a book, an article or something to read.There is a very important factor behind the reading—reading comprehension（阅读理解）. It’s what makes you understand the meaning behind the text. Let’s assume(假设) that you read a document and you are supposed to explain the meaning of the document. How would you explain the document if you couldn’t understand the message of the author? 9．The first two paragraphs mainly talk about .A. the key to successB. the importance of readingC. what reading comprehension isD. how to develop a passion for reading10．We can define reading comprehension as .A. a strong passion for readingB. the latest information in readingC. a very important factor behind the readingD. something that makes people understand what they read11．The author develops the passage mainly by .A. following the natural time orderB. presentin g opinions and giving examplesC. comparing the opinions of different peopleD. presenting a cause and analyzing its effects12．What do you suppose the following paragraph will talk about ?A. Popular reading websites.B. Famous people who love reading.C. The importance of reading at school.D. Ways to improve reading comprehension.DSchool children are using mobile phone applications （手机应用程序）to do their homework, which seem to be increasing during summer vacations. But instead of blaming (责备)students for their behavior, we should say no to too much homework. This is important because by using mobile phone applications to do their homework, students don't add much to their knowledge, says an article in Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News. Excerpts (摘录): Using mobile phone applications to do homework is no different from copying from someone else's work. This is the opinion of a vast majority of teachers. Students who seek cell phone apps help to do their homework will suffer during major exams when they cannot seek the help of such applications, the teachers say.The heavy load（负担） of homework Chinese students are burdened with, said to be the heaviest in the world,has led to the popularity of these applications.Senior high school students in China rarely（很少） go to bed before 11 pm. A reportin Shanghai published in2013 showed that students in the city on average spend 28.2 hours in class every week, the 9th highest among 65 countries and regions surveyed. Also, they spend an average of 13.8 hours a week doing homework, most in the world.There is no association（联系） between the amount of homework one does and the amount of knowledge one gathers. In fact, a research by Australian experts shows that the result is exactly the opposite: the more hours students spend doing homework, the less effective （有效的） they will be in gaining knowledge.The United States is one of the countries where students do little homework, but that has not damaged the country's academic status in the world.So, it's time Chinese schools understood this fact and freed students of the unnecessary burden of homework.13. What’s the writer’s attitude toward the students’using mobile phone applications to do their homework?A. SupportingB. UnderstandingC. ScoldingD. Praising14. The cause of the students’ using mobile phone applications to do their homework is______.A. the heavy burden of homeworkB. the advance of modern technologyC. the pressure of the students’ parentsD. the influence of other countries15. Which of the following is probably the best title?A. Rid kids of the burden of homework.B. Stop using mobile phones to do homework.C. Spend less time to gain much knowledge.D. Improve China’s academic status in the world.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2019.doc
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018 广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项A、B、C和D中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A France The France company that spread a Europe-wide cheating of food supply by passing off（冒充）750 tons of horse-meat as beef was allowed on Monday to restart production of minced meat, sausages and ready-to-eat meals. But the company will no longer be allowed to stock frozen meat, Agriculture Minister Stephane Foll said. United Kingdom A new virus that broke out in the Middle East last year and killed five people is well adapted to infecting（感染）humans but could practically be treated with drugs that improve the immune免疫system. “The virus is from the same family as the common cold and as SARS.” a sci entist from Oxford on Tuesday. South Africa Olympian runner Oscar Pistorius broke into the door of a small bathroom where his girl friend was bathing after a shouting match on Valentine’s Day, hitting her three times, a South African prosecutor检察官said on Tuesday as he charged the sports star with planned murder. Egypt Former Egyptian primeminister and presidential总统的candidate Ahmed Shafiq was referred to the Cairo Criminal Court on Tuesday over corruption （腐败）and money laundering charges, the official News Agency reported. Shafiq has left Egypt for the United Arab after losing the presidential race. 1. According to the passage, the French company_________. A. spread a virus across Europe. B. sold 750 tons beef as horse-meat. C. restarted production of frozen meat. D. was again allowed to produce sausages. 2. The planned murder took place in _________. A. Egypt B. America C. South Africa D. The United Kingdom 3. This passage is taken from the section of _________in a newspaper. A. Nation B. World C. Sports D. Science B Popeye the Sailor大力水手first became a popular cartoon in the 1930s.The sailor in that cartoon ate lots of spinach（菠菜）to make him strong. People watched him, and they began to buy and eat a lot more spinach. Popeye helped sell 33 percent more spinach than before Spinach became a necessary part of many people’s diets. Even some children who hated the taste began to eat the vegetable. Many people thought that the iron in spinach made Popeye strong, but this is not true. Spinach does not have any more iron than any other green vegetable. People only thought spinach had a lot of iron because the people who studied the food made a mistake. Inthe 1890s, a group of people studied what was inside vegetables. This group said that spinach had ten times more iron than it did. The group wrote the number wrong, and everyone accepted it. Today, we know that the little iron there is in spinach cannot make a difference in how strong a person is. However, spinach does have something else which the body needsfolic acid. It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along. 4. Why did many people eat spinach after they saw Popeye the Sailor A. They thought spinach made them strong. B. They thought Popeye was funny. C. Spinach had a lot of iron. D. People liked folic acid. 5. In the 1890s, a research group told people that spinach______. A. made Popeye strong B. was a green vegetable C. had less iron than other green vegetables D. had more iron than other green vegetables 6. The reading passage says that perhaps Popeye got his strength from______. A. ironB. folic acidC. spinachD. exercise 7. Folic acid is ______. A. something in foodB. a vegetable C. dangerousD. a certain kind of spinach C At first, the earth’s surface layer 层was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, the rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebbles 卵石and grains of sand wereformed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil. There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and cracks in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces. The moving water of streams and rivers also helps to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with it small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces. The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break into smaller pieces. 8. According to the passage, soil____________ . A. forms very slowly B. is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand C. makes up the layers of the earth D. is becoming smaller and smaller 9. How many factors are mentioned in helping break up rocks A. Three. B.Four. C. Five. D. More than five. 10. Which of the following is NOT true A. The remains of many plants and animals formed soil. B. If a large rock never moves, it will never break up. C. The changes in temperature will help to break up rocks. D. Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks. 11. The best title for this passage should be____________ . A. Soil From Rocks B. Soil on the Earth C. Ways to Break up Rocks D. Soil, Outmost Layer of the Earth D Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than just tools. For example, these robots will be able to tell when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to finish different tasks. The robot doesn t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member totake medicine or taking family photos. Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for. The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. 12. How are social robots different from household robots A．They can control their emotions. B．They are more like humans. C．They do the normal housework. D．They respond to users more slowly. 13. What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3 A．perform operations. B．deliver milk. C．Answer your questions and make requests. D．Obey your orders and remind you to take pills. 14. What can Oshbot work as A．A language teacher. B．A tour guide. C．A shop assistant. D．A private nurse. 15. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ________. A．train employees B．be our workmates C．improve technologies D．take the place of workers 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省普宁二中高一语文下学期第二次月考试题粤教版
普宁二中高一第二学期第二次月考语文试卷本试卷满分150分。
考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将答题卡试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡上，并在答题卡右上角的“试室号”和“座位号”栏填写试室号、座位号，将相应的试室号、座位号信息点涂黑。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案答在试题卷上无效。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置空处写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
一、本大题4小题，每小题3分，共12分。
1.下列加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是（）A．堆砌．∕沏．茶提．防∕堤．坝侪．辈∕跻．身B．赈．灾∕妊娠．癖．好∕怪癖．娉．婷∕伶俜．C．市侩．∕荟．萃伺．候∕后嗣．谥．号∕狭隘．D．诰．命∕桎梏．缟．素∕枯槁．侥．幸∕蹊跷．2. 下列各句中加点的成语使用恰当．．的一项是（）A 这部号称投资上亿的影片，尽管故事情节和演员的表演都很难让人满意，但瑕不掩瑜．．．．，它的布景和服装仍深受观众好评。
B．假如每个人都能严格要求自己，做到见贤思齐．．．．，那么就会形成良好的社会风气，社会主义精神文明建设就会得到长远的发展。
C．橄榄球联盟年度冠军赛的实况转播在美国是重量级的节目，其收视率傲视群雄，其他同类型的节目只能望其项背．．．．。
D．市中心商厦一楼的窗户全都焊有粗粗的铸铁护栏，消防专家指出，这样的做法是消防法规所令行禁止．．．．的。
3．下列各句中，没有语病．．．．的一句是（）A．文艺作品语言的好坏，不在于它用了一大堆华丽的词，用了某一行业的术语，而在于它的词语用得是地方。
B．读书可以使人吸纳古今文化精髓，开创理想世界，马克思正是在40年的勤奋阅读和探索中，终于完成了唯物史观和剩余价值学说的确立。
广东省普宁市华美实验学校20114.doc
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018 广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018-2019学年高一化学下学期期中试题本试卷共4页，共20小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
注意事项请用黑色字迹的签字笔、钢笔或水笔将答案填写在答题卷上对应的指定区域内，填写在非答题区域均无效。
可能用到的相对原子质量H－1 C－12 N－14 O－16 Na23 Mg-24 Al-27 P-31 S-32 Cl－35.5 K－39 Ca-40 Fe-56 Cu-64 Zn－65一、选择题（本题包括16小题，每小题3分，共48分。
）1. 下列图示过程，由太阳能直接转变为化学能的是2.如下图所示的装置中，能够组成原电池，产生电流的是 3. 下列物质中，既含共价键又含离子键的是 A. NH4Cl B. HNO3 C. NaCl D. CO2 4. 重水（2H2O）是重要的核工业原料，下列说法不正确的是A. 氘（2H）原子核内有1个质子 B. 1H 与2H是不同的核素C. 1H218O与2H216O的相对分子质量相同 D. 1H2O与2H2O互为同位素5. 砷（As）的原子结构示意图如图，下列关于As的描述不正确的是 A. 位于第四周期第V A族 B. 属于非金属元素 C.酸性H3AsO4＞H3PO4 D. 稳定性AsH33 ＜PH3 6. 元素周期表和元素周期律可以指导人们进行规律性的推测和判断。
下列说法不合理的是A. 若X＋和Y2－的核外电子层结构相同，则原子序数X＞Y B. 由水溶液的酸性HCl＞H2S，可推断出元素的非金属性Cl＞S C. 硅、锗都位于金属与非金属的交界处，都可以做半导体材料 D. Cs和Ba分别位于第六周期ⅠA和ⅡA族，碱性CsOH＞Ba（OH）2 7. 下列事实描述不正确的是 A. 高温煅烧石灰石的反应中，反应物总能量高于生成物总能量 B. 中和反应中，反应物总能量高于生成物总能量 C. 铝粉和盐酸反应时，溶液温度通常会上升D. 氢氧化钡晶体和氯化铵晶体的反应是吸热反应8. 在2L 的容器中发生某一化学反应，反应物A的浓度在20 s内从1.0 mol变为0.2 mol，则在这20 s内A的化学反应速率为A.0.02 mol/L B. 0.02 mol/（L·s）C. 0.04 mol/L D. 0.04 mol/（L·s）9. 下列方法可以加快铁和稀硫酸的反应速率的是A．加入少量CuSO4固体B．加入少量ZnCl2固体C．加入少量水D．用98％的浓硫酸代替稀硫酸10. 碱性电池具有容量大、放电电流大的特点，因而得到广泛使用，锌-锰碱性电池以氢氧化钾溶液为电解液，电池总反应为Zn 2MnO2 H2O ﹦ZnOH2 Mn2O3 ,下列说法错误的是A．电池工作时，锌失去电子B．电池正极的电极反应式为2MnO2H2O2e－﹦Mn2O32OH－C．电池工作时，电子由正极通过外电路流向负极D．外电路中每通过0.2mol电子，锌的质量理论上减小6.5g 11. 某种以30％KOH溶液为电解质的氢氧燃料电池的公共汽车已在北京街头出现。
2019学年广东普宁市高一下学期第二次月考语文试卷【含答案及解析】
2019学年广东普宁市高一下学期第二次月考语文试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、现代文阅读1. 阅读下面文字，完成后面小题目。
清代的词坛被誉为词林发展史上的一个“中兴时期” ，这种说法并不意味着清词只是宋词的简单重复或再现，而是以一种经过了时代浸染和词自身蜕变之后的新发展。
最值得注意的就是词家辈出而又流派纷呈。
流派是指具有共同的或者相似的理论主张，以及相同或相似的创作风格的若干作家组成的一个团体或者群落，流派的产生是文学繁荣的标志。
清代词坛上的流派纷呈，是建立在对词这种文学样式的群体认同基础之上的，或者说到了清代，词才最终确立了自己与诗、文一样的独立地位，才真正从创作实践到理性认同都进入了成熟时期。
而地域是文学流派形成的客观环境因素，清代词坛的风格流派便呈现出一种很明显的地域性特征。
从明崇祯初年到清顺治朝的四十多年的时间，是以陈子龙、李雯等为领袖的云间词派盛行的时期，云间属于当时的松江府（今上海松江）。
这一派词人标榜天机自然的高浑境界，追求典雅婉妍的风格旨趣，但因纠缠于传统的“词为艳科”的观念之中，有意同当时动荡的社会局势保持距离，所以创作实践与理论主张并非相一致。
虽然如此，云间词派还是开启了一个词风转变的历史时代。
从清顺治七年到康熙二十七年之间的四十多年，为阳羡词派活跃的时期。
这是清初另一个规模更大的词学流派，将陈维崧作为自己的宗主和领袖。
这一词学流派开始从观念上反拨“词为艳科”“小道”的传统偏见，在理论上主张崇情主意、不拘一格，把词提到与“经”“史”并驾齐驱的地位。
从创作实践来看，他们把“哀民生之多艰”和“惟歌生民病”的诗学传统，运用到词的创作之中，用民生疾苦和家国之痛的切肤感受，代替词人风流的“浅斟低唱”和“偎红倚翠”，从内容的深厚和广博上提升了词的格调。
可以说，到了这一词派出现，清词的嬗变才真正形成。
正值阳羡派衰落和浙西词派渐兴之间，在北京的词坛上活跃着被称为“京华三绝”的曹贞吉、纳兰性德和顾贞观。
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018_2019学年高一语文下学期期中试题
2018-2019 放学期华丽实验学校期中考试题高一级语文试题一、代文（一）述文本（本共 3 小， 9 分）下边的文字，达成1--3 。
近期，《延禧攻略》工美从头火了一把。
中，“ ”极高的花、扇、京服⋯⋯ 些本来作点的手工品道具，不测引公众探，成网点。
几乎同，第四届“中国今世工美双年展”和“首届全国工美作品展”相开幕。
从上到下，从社会面到学域，工美正在掀起复浪潮。
中国工美史悠长，能够，一部美史半部是工美史。
但是，作非物文化的手工，在当下智慧生活中，仿佛有一席之地。
受作耗、资料稀缺、不用等要素影响，一些工品始很广大公众所享有。
但不成手工游离于生活以外的原由。
中国工美的价不在于民族学、风俗学、美学等内涵，在于其作人造物文化的成部分，是人不停求自我新的物体，所以一件小小的手工制品，也能反应代化，文化精神。
、展能够通展现手工，使其获取社会关注，但是有关域的良性展不可以足于种花一式的露面，工要生活。
中秀文化孕育数千年文明，使竹、陶瓷、等手工独具中国特点。
“中国”早在18 世就已流行欧洲，中国工美曾被世界各地工匠大量模拟借。
今日，仍不乏国品牌将中国元素移植到品、服中，从头中国。
是工回生活的新，但是中国工精神的需本地角方能言尽其意。
追本溯源是中国今世工美不摒弃的，在文化根土的滋润浸中新活化，才能重造物之美。
今世工美回生活，需要引生活美学。
下工美展，依旧是精巧宏大的列、装作品多，具用价的工品少。
限制于式的手工，注定没法走入今世生活。
平时生活美学的起，成工美重代生活价的打破口，已有一些域开始将技化，将工与代相融，着力提高公众精神文化生活，建立新中式生活方式。
比方，有建筑将民居造技融入代特点小建。
工智慧不能够使典文化基因在代生活中获取承，能够被用来解决当下所遇。
在社会代化程中，手工不成史下立刻消失的痕，不成中一闪而过的道具，更不该成为展览中仅具象征意义的文化符号。
传统手工艺需要活态保护，也需要有关教育部门创新教课、传承系统，更需要回应人们对美好生活的神往。
广东省普宁市华美实验学校学高一语文下学期第二次(月)月考试题-课件
广东省普宁市华美实验学校2015-2016学年高一语文下学期第二次（5月）月考试题第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读(9分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
近年来，伴随着不少国家的宽带化战略的实施、云计算服务的起步、物联网应用的铺开和移动互联网的崛起，数据量与时俱增，数据处理能力也发展迅速。
数据量积累到一定程度，其资源属性越发明晰，显示出开发的价值。
同时，社会的节奏越来越快，要求快速的反应和精细的管理，急需借助对数据的分析来科学决策，催生了对大数据开发的需求。
大数据被称为将引发生活、工作和思维变革的一次革命。
大数据是相对于一般数据而言的，目前对大数据尚缺权威的严格定义，但较普遍的解释是指“难以用常规的软件工具在容许的时间内对其内容进行抓取、管理和处理的数据集合”。
规模大是大数据的标志之一，但大数据之所以难处理不仅在于规模大，更大的挑战是其随时间的变化快和类型的多样性，根据可否用表格或关系数据库的表和视图来表示而区分为结构型和非结构型数据，照片和视频等就是典型的非结构型数据。
随时间和类型的变化增加了大数据的复杂性，但同时也丰富了大数据的内涵。
通常用4V(Volume、Velocity、Variety、Value)来反映大数据的特征，即量大、增长快、多样性和高价值。
从这一点来看，对大数据仅仅冠以“大”这一形容词是不全面的，只不过在大数据的4V中，规模相对于变化和类型这两个特征容易定量，而且即便是单一类型的数据集(例如文本文件)，只要有足够的规模也能称得上大数据。
数据的规模越大，通常对数据挖掘所得到的事物演变规律越可信，数据分析的结果也越有代表性，因此对大数据这一词汇突出其规模大这一特征也是可理解的。
大数据不仅是一种资源，也是一种方法，伴随大数据产生的数据密集型科学，有人将它称为是继实验科学、理论科学和计算科学之后的第四种科学研究模式，这一研究模式的特点表象为不在意数据的杂乱，但强调数据的量；不要求数据精准，但看重其代表性；不刻意追求因果关系，但重视规律总结。
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广东省普宁市华美实验学校2018-2019学年高一语文下学期第二次月考试题一、现代文阅读（共36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1--3题。
在几千年的中华文明史中，我国保存了大量的纸质文献典籍。
中国作为四大文明的发源地之一。
同时也是古代文献收藏的大国，一向以人文荟萃、典籍浩繁著称于世。
全国各级公共图书馆、博物馆以及教育、宗教、民族、文物等系统均有数量不等的古籍收藏，是名副其实的历史文献大国。
党的十九大报告指出，“文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。
文化兴国运兴，文化强民族强”。
文化是民族之魂，有超越时空的稳定性与凝聚力。
对中华优秀传统文化的深厚认同，正是今天及未来我国文化工作的精神支撑与理论基础之一。
互联网时代，任何一个国家都必须面对文化多样性与全球化的挑战，中华典籍作为中华民族的文化根基，其意义则显得更为重要。
党的十九大把中国特色社会主义文化与文化自信写入党章，这是对中国特色社会主义内涵的全新拓展和深化，是对文化战略地位的全新认识和升华。
我们应该意识到，“当代中国文化虽然有现代文化因素和外来文化因素，却离不开中国文化传统这一根本和根源”。
中华优秀传统文化是中国特性的重要组成部分，是我们坚定文化自信的重要基础与来源。
早已有学者发现，马克思主义之所以能够在中国生根发芽，并非偶然，中华优秀传统文化与马克思主义有着许多共通之处。
倒如，梁漱溟先生谈到：“无产阶级精神既有高于我们习俗之处，同时又和我们的固有精神初不相远，中国人很容易学得来。
”古代中国“理性早启，文化早熟“，中国文化偏重人与人之间的情理，这使得中华文化有别于西方文化的“工具理性”。
换言之，中华优秀传统文化一贯重视人与人的关系，这与资本主义社会重视人与物的关系截然不同，但与马克思主义却有一定的相容性与一致性。
今天，我们谈及文化自信，就是希望建立一种“超越民族国家博彝争夺理念的规则与价值”，这是一种我们在实践中摸索出来的文化发展方向。
其中的源泉之一就是中华优秀传统文化。
众所周知，中华民族是一个特别重视对本民族文化进行总结与传承的民族。
早在汉代，中国的书籍就已经“积如丘山”。
历史土大多朝代对全国的书籍都进行过大规模和全面的整理，二十四史中的《经籍志》展示的就是千万学者前赴后继的壮观成果。
这些群书目录及书志，使得中国古代的书籍像一支军队般整齐有序又蔚为壮观，对我们今天研究中华传统文化起到了至关重要的作用。
留存于海内外的大量古籍。
为我们的文化自信打下了扎实的文献基础。
当前，我们对中华典籍的现代保护与整理工作．仍处在起步阶段。
我们应通过对中华古籍资源的开发，让留存于中华古籍中的理念、技术、故事通过现代视角、现代技术的梳理与转化，回答当代问题，融入我们的日常生活和学习工作之中，为弘扬以改革创新为核心的时代精神助力?(选自谷敏《中华典籍是文化传承与创新的基础》，《学习时报》2018年8月31日) 1、下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)A．我国在几千年的文明史中，保存了大量的纸质文献典籍，成为古代文献收藏大国。
B．我国文化工作的精神支撑和理论基础之一就是对中华优秀传统文化的深厚认识。
C．中华文化与马克思主义有相容性与一致性，说明马克恩主义不适合资本主义社会。
D．文化是民族之魂，中华典籍作为中华民族的文化根基，有超越时空的稳定性与凝聚力。
2、下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是(3分)A.首段指出中国是历史文献大国，中华典籍作为中华民族的文化根基，其意义重大。
B.第三段引用梁漱溟的话意在表明中华传统文化与马克思主义有着许多共通之处。
C．最后一段指出我们应该通过对中华古籍资源的开发和利用，使之为时代精神助力。
D．文章运用对比手法，比较中华文化与西方文化的不同从而突出中华文化的先进性。
3、根据原文内容，下列说法正确的一项是(3分)A.全国古籍主要收藏于各级公共图书馆、博物馆以及教育、宗教、民族、文物等系统。
B.互联网时代每个国家都必须面对文化多样性与全球化的挑战，我们要拒绝外来文化。
C.在汉代时期中国的书籍“积如丘山”，这说明汉代是我国古代典籍收藏最多的时代。
D.“超越民族国家博弊争夺理念的规则与价值”是我国的文化发展方向，源泉就是传统文化。
（二）文学类文本阅读（15分）阅读下面的文字，完成4-6题。
当玫瑰花开的时候[智利]佩·普拉多老园丁培育出许多品种优良的玫瑰花。
他像蜜蜂似地把花粉从这朵花送到那朵花，在各个不同种类的玫瑰花中进行人工授粉。
就这样，他培育出了很多的新品种。
这些新品种成了他心爱的宝贝，也引起了那些不肯像蜜蜂那样辛勤劳动的人的妒忌。
他从来没有摘过一朵花送人。
因为这一点，他落得了一个自私、讨人厌的名声。
有一位美貌的夫人曾来拜访过他。
这位夫人离开的时候同样也是两手空空，没有带走一朵花，只是嘴里重复嘟哝着园丁对她说的话。
从那时起，人们除了说他自私、讨人厌之外，又把他看成了疯子，谁也不再去理睬他了。
“夫人，您真美呀!”园丁对那位美貌的夫人说，“我真乐意把我花园里的花全部奉献给您呀!但是，尽管我年岁已这么大了，我依旧不知道怎样采摘下来的玫瑰花，才能算是一朵完整而有生命的玫瑰花。
您在笑我吧?哦!您不要笑话我，我请您不要笑话我。
”老园丁把这位漂亮的夫人带到了玫瑰花园里，那里盛开着一种奇妙的玫瑰花，艳红的花朵好像是一颗鲜红的心被抛弃在蒺藜之中。
“夫人，您看，”园丁一边用他那熟练的布满老茧的手抚摩着花朵，一边说。
“我一直观察着玫瑰开花的全部过程。
那些红色的花瓣从花萼里长出来，仿佛是一堆小小的篝火喷吐出的红通通的火苗。
难道把火苗从篝火中取出来，还能继续保持它那熊熊燃烧的火焰吗?“花萼细嫩，慢慢地从长长的花茎上长了出来，而花朵则出落在花枝上。
谁也无法确切地把它们截然分开——长到何时为止算是花萼，又从何时开始算作花朵?我还观察到当玫瑰树根往下伸展开来的时候，枝干就慢慢地变成白色，而它的根因地下渗出的水的作用，又同泥土紧紧地结合起来了。
“结果我连一朵玫瑰花该从哪儿开始算起都不知道，那我怎么能把它摘下来送给他人?要是硬把它摘下来赠送给别人，那么，夫人，您知道吗，一种断残的东西其生命是十分短暂的。
“每年到了10月，那含苞待放的玫瑰花蕾绽开了。
我竭力想知道玫瑰是在什么地方开始开花的。
我从来也不敢说：‘我的玫瑰树开花了。
’而我总是这样欢呼着：‘大地开花了，妙极啦!’“在年轻的时候，我很有钱，身体壮实，人长得漂亮，而且心地善良，为人忠厚。
那时曾有四个女人爱我。
“第一个女人爱我的钱财。
在那个女人手里，我的财产很快地被挥霍完了。
“第二个女人爱我健壮的体格，她要我同她的敌人去搏斗，去战胜他们。
可是不久，我的精力就随着她的爱情一起枯竭了。
“第三个女人爱我英俊的容貌。
她对我倾吐了许许多多情意缠绵的奉承话。
我英俊的容貌随着我的青春一起消逝了，那个女人对我的爱情也就完结了。
“第四个女人爱我忠厚善良。
她利用我这一点来为她自己谋取利益，最后我终于看出了她的虚伪，就把她抛弃了。
“在那个时候，夫人，我就像是一株玫瑰树上的四朵玫瑰花，四个女人，每人摘去了一朵。
但是，如果说一株玫瑰树可以迎送100个春天的话，那么一朵玫瑰花只能有一个春天。
我那几朵可怜的玫瑰花，就是因此而永远地凋零了。
“自此以后，从来没有人在我的花园里拿走过一朵花。
我对所有到我这花园的人说：‘你什么时候才能不热衷于那些分割开来的、残缺不全的东西呢？假如你真能把每件事物的底细明确地分清楚，假如你真能弄清玫瑰长到何时算作花萼，又从何时开始算作花朵的话，那么，你就到那玫瑰开花的地方去采摘吧！”4．下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）A．小说前三段叙述了人们对老园丁的妒忌与讨厌，表现了人们对老园丁的不理解，为下文表现老园丁独特、深刻的人生感悟作了铺垫。
B．老园丁的感情生活之所以没有圆满的结局，是因为四个女人都只爱他的外表，不爱他的本质，就像人们只是爱玫瑰花外表的美丽一样。
C．老人把玫瑰开花的过程比作篝火喷吐出火苗，生动形象地说明了采摘玫瑰就如同将火苗从篝火中取出来，会断送玫瑰的生命与美丽这一道理。
D．作者运用了语言描写、动作描写等描写方法以及比喻、反问等修辞手法，使小说人物形象生动、主旨深刻。
5．小说以“当玫瑰花开的时候”为题有何作用？6．这篇小说蕴含着丰富的哲理，请结合文本谈几点你的理解。
（三）实用类文本阅读（本题共3小题，12分）阅读下面的材料，完成7～9题。
材料一：2018年4月16日晚，美国商务部发布公告称，美国政府未来7年禁止中兴通讯向美国企业购买敏感产品。
2018年4月19日，针对中兴被美国“封杀”的问题，商务部表示，中方密切关注进展，随时准备采取必要措施，维护中国企业合法权益。
2018年4月20日，中兴通讯发布关于美国商务部激活拒绝令的声明，称在相关调查尚未结束之前，美国商务部工业与安全局执意对公司施以最严厉的制裁，对中兴通讯来说极不公平，“不能接受！”2018年5月，中兴通讯公告称，受拒绝令影响，本公司主要经营活动已无法进行。
（摘编自“网易”“新浪”“凤凰网”）材料二：芯片贸易已经成为中国进出口贸易逆差的最大“黑洞”。
海关总署数据显示，最近几年集成电路进口额均超过2000亿美元，甚至长期超过石油进口额。
2017年，这一数额达到了2601亿美元，进出口贸易逆差达到最高值的1932.6亿美元。
Strategy Analytics分析师杨光表示，危机肯定会刺激自主芯片产业的发展，但想依靠国产芯片帮助中兴渡过危机确实是远水解不了近渴，芯片行业的发展是个长期的过程，需要持续投入而且有些必要的学费恐怕也是绕不过去的。
在可预见的未来几年内，比如SG开始这几年，国内芯片恐怕还是要靠国际市场供应。
（摘编自《“芯痛”背后国产芯片征途漫漫，“中国芯”短板何在》，2018.4.19《新京报》）材料三：美国商务部日前对中国中兴通讯公司采取出口管制措施。
这一事件给中国科技企业敲响了警钟，促使科技界和更多企业以更长远眼光，谋求更自主、自强的发展。
近些年来，中国在全球高科技领域不断追赶的态势愈发突出，在不少领域实现“并跑”乃至“领跑”。
在北斗卫星导航系统、量子通信、探月工程、可燃冰开采等诸多方面，中国都取得重大突破。
作为发展中国家，中国的科技发展速度和成就足够令人自豪。
中国的科技创新成就，以及中国日益迸发出来的科技创新潜力，值得充分肯定。
当然，中国高科技企业的发展走向世界的进程不会一帆风顺，难免还会遭遇这样那样的掣肘。
对此，我们要有充分认识，并时刻做好准备。
一旦核心技术受制于人，不知道哪天就会被人“釜底抽薪”。
这样严酷的现实，中国企业必须时时警醒。
“核心技术靠化缘是要不来的，必须靠自力更生。
”这一在深刻洞察基础上发出的自强之声，应成为中国高科技企业念兹在兹的信条，让中国科技企业发展根基更牢固，步伐更坚实。