阶段练习一
《公共行政学》课程阶段练习(一)答案
《公共行政学》课程阶段练习（一）答案一、名词解释1、公共行政即为政府依法对国家事务、自身事务和社会事务进行的管理活动。
2、行政领导即国家行政机关中领导者依法行政国家权力，组织和管理国家行政事务所进行的行政活动的总称。
3、公共组织就是以维护和促进公共利益为目的，以向社会提供公共物品和公共服务为手段，按照一定法定程序而建立起来并承担相应公共责任的组织实体。
二、单项选择题：1-5：ABCBA 6-10：BACDC 11-15：DDCBB三、多项选择题1.ABCD2.ACD3.ABCD4.ABCD5.ABC6.AD 7 .ABCD 8.ABCD 9.ABCD 10.ABC四、简答题：（每题5分，共35分）1．区别表现在：第一,公共行政是以宪法为基础的。
第二,公共行政必须服务于公共利益。
第三,公共行政较少受制于市场力量。
第四,公共行政基于公众的信任来运作。
2．主要有：第一，精简原则；第二，完整统一原则；第三，效能原则；第四，责权利相统一原则；第五，依法设置原则；第六，适应发展原则。
3、领导者的权力主要包括职务权力和个人权力。
1）职务权力。
职务权力即职权，来源于等级制的组织，是外部如上级、组织、法律等赋予个人的。
个人权力的主要方式包括专家权、个人魅力、良好的人际关系、高尚的品质和创新精神。
2）个人权力。
个人权力(即非职务权力)是职务之外的，是由于个人的性格、知识、经验、能力、技术，乃至个人的品质和行为、业绩、声望或其他个人因素获得的影响他人心理和行为的能力，也就是个人影响力。
领导者职务权力的主要方式有合法要求、奖励报酬、强迫、决策、信息控制等。
4.具体有（一）政治品德素质要求；要有坚定的政治立场；要有坚定的政治信仰；要有廉洁奉公的政治品德；要有全心全意为人民服务的思想境界。
（二）个人能力素质要求：有合理的能力结构；要有较高的能力水平（三）文化知识素质要求：掌握政治理论知识；具有熟练的专业知识和技能；具有广博的知识面（四）身体、心理素质要求：必须具备健康的身体、旺盛的精力；应具备的良好个性心理品质5、政领导的群体结构是指由行政机关的领导成员所组成的群体，是为了达到特定目标、具有多种功能的整体。
刑事诉讼法学_第一阶段练习
考试科目：《刑事诉讼法学》第章至第章（总分100分）学习中心（教学点）批次：层次：专业：学号：身份证号：姓名：得分：一单选题（共15题，总分值15分，下列选项中有且仅有一个选项符合题目要求，请在答题卡上正确填涂。
）1.下列有关回避决定的表述中正确的是（B）。
（1分）A.公安机关侦查人员的回避由公安机关的负责人决定，在回避作出决定前被申请回避的人员应暂停参加对本案的侦查工作B.公安机关负责人和检察长的回避，由同级人民检察院检察委员会决定C.对书记员、翻译人员和鉴定人的回避，由审判长决定，对合议庭成员的回避，由院长或审判委员会决定D.开庭审理中对公诉人员提出申请回避的，由审判长决定2.杜某是某公安机关的法医，在一起刑事案件的法庭审理过程中，人民法院聘请杜某担任该案鉴定人。
本案的被告人提出杜某与本案有利害关系，申请回避。
下列有权对杜某是否回避作出决定是：（B）（1分）A.杜某所在公安机关的负责人B.该人民法院院长C.本案的合议庭D.本案合议庭的审判长3.关于被害人在法庭审理中的诉讼权利，下列哪一选项是错误的？（ C）（1分）A.有权委托诉讼代理人B.有权申请回避C.无权参与刑事部分的法庭调查和辩论，只能参加附带民事诉讼部分的审理活动D.对刑事判决部分不能提起上诉4.审判管辖划分的对象是（A ）。
（1分）A.第一审刑事案件B.第二审刑事案件C.死刑复核案件D.审判监督再审的案件5.在纠问式刑事程序中，不存在的职能是（C）。
（1分）第1页/共6页A.控诉职能B.审判职能C.辩护职能D.侦查职能6 .在诉讼形式上，奴隶社会的刑事诉讼属于（A ）。
（1分）A.弹劾式B.纠问式C.职权主义D.当事人主义7 .青山区法院决定开庭审理区原妇联主任丁花贪污案，被告人丁花在开庭前突发心脏病死亡。
该法院应当如何处理？（ D ） （1分）A.裁定撤销案件B.宣告被告人丁花无罪C.退回起诉的人民检察院处理D.裁定终止审理8 .理论上把大陆法系国家的刑事诉讼形式称作（B ）。
商务沟通-第一阶段练习
江南大学现代远程教育第一阶段练习题考试科目:?商务沟通?第一章至第二章〔总分100分〕学习中心〔教学点〕批次：层次：专业：学号：身份证号：姓名：得分：一、填空题〔每空1分，共15分〕1.“内部传递〞的优点表现在沟通形式不拘，直接明了，速度很快。
2. 就内部沟通的形式而言，我们可以将其分为口头沟通、书面沟通、非语言沟通。
3. 沟通包括以下要素：发出者、接收者、渠道、信息、看法以及反应。
4. 企业文化指的是一个企业已经建立起来的价值观、信仰和精神。
5. 人际距离通常被划分为密切距离、社会距离、公众距离以及个人距离。
6．一般沟通噪音主要包括：发送噪音、接收噪音、传输噪音、环境噪音、背景噪音、数量噪音以及系统噪音。
二、判断题〔每题1分，共10分〕1. 沟通是一个通过不断调整需求，最终使各方的需求相互得以调和，互相接近，从而达成一致意见的过程。
〔×〕2. 就其使用范围而言，内部反应主要用于言语沟通中发送口头或书面信息之时。
〔×〕3. 个人的态度是否认位正确取决于个体的经验。
〔×〕4. 正式工作报告分为周工作总结和专项工作报告。
〔√〕5. 在沟通时如发现对方有疑虑表现时，应尽快请对方提出问题或对有关情况加以解释。
〔×〕6. 对于自己不清楚、不明白的问题不要彻底的答复。
〔√〕7. 管理沟通的适度性原那么是指沟通的具体方式、方法设计应当尽量简单明了，以便于所有沟通成员掌握和运用。
〔×〕8. 面对于己不利的提议，婉言回绝是主动进取的技巧。
〔√〕9. 在沟通中身体语言完全不存在，只有声音和语气、语调成为信息的载体。
〔√〕10. 在三种内部沟通形式中，上行沟通起着领导性的作用。
〔×〕三、单项选择题〔每题2分，共20分〕1. 以下〔Ｂ〕不是要求型沟通风格。
Ａ．言谈、爱好溢于言表Ｂ．主动与他人交流Ｃ．对自己的身份很敏感Ｄ．喜欢追求最好的东西2. 看法指的是个人对某人或某事的推断，下面哪一类不是看法〔Ｄ〕Ａ．经验驱动Ｂ．不完整信息驱动Ｃ．完整信息驱动Ｄ．态度驱动3．非成心干扰不包括〔Ｄ〕Ａ．语言表达能力差Ｂ．某些内容说得模糊不清Ｃ．语言不流畅Ｄ．眼神呆滞4．声音的品质包括一系列因素，以下哪个最不重要〔Ｂ〕Ａ．音量Ｂ．速率Ｃ．音高Ｄ．音频5. 选择性知觉不包括〔Ｂ〕Ａ．选择性理解Ｂ．选择性接触C．选择性记忆Ｄ．选择性注意6. 有效的倾听不取决于〔Ｃ〕Ａ.听得全面Ｂ．理解的准确Ｃ.倾听时身体适当后倾Ｄ．做出必要的反应7.〔Ａ〕是指在人的认识、情感、言语、行动中，心理活动发生时力量的强弱、变化的快慢和均衡程度等稳定的动力特征。
江南大学-阶段练习-参考答案大学英语-第一阶段练习
江南大学-阶段练习-参考答案大学英语-第一阶段练习第一局部：词汇与构造〔共 10 小题；每题 2 分，总分值 20 分〕此局部共有 10 个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中未完成的局部有 4 个选项，请从 A、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出正确选项。
1． The invention of the telephone was a great____D___ to human munication.A) stress B) inquiry C) intention D) contribution2． Everyone of us ___D___ tired and wanted a good rest.B) was seemed C) seems A) seemD) seemed3． Since China has entered the WTO, the ____A___ on foreign businesses will gradually be reduced.A) restrictions B) access C) exchange D) opportunity4． I'd ___C____ it if you would turn the radio down.A) amuse B) undertake C) appreciate D) suspect5． Bob took a part-time job ____D____ handbills for a cosmetic pany.A) checking out B) setting up C) putting down D) giving out6． By the time we arrived at the airport, therain __B_____already _______ .A) has …stopped B) had… stopped C) /…stopped D) / … stops7． The plane _A______ take off at 8:30 a.m. has been delayed because of thick fog.A) due to B) already C) far from D) so far8． Take this medicine, __C___ you will not recover.A) and B) so C) or D) because9． The puter is very useful because it is able to store _____A_______.A) much information B) a number of informationsC) many informations D) a lot informationThe Inter enables us to ___B_____ the world without leaving home.10． D) conductB) explore C) secure A) register分〕 2 分，总分值 30 第二局部：阅读理解〔共 15 小题；每题 Passage 1Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of munication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, munication is acplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally.. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille ( a system of raised dots read with thefingertips), signal flags, ,Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most mon form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.11. Which of the following best summarize this passage? ( A)A) When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of municationB) Everybody uses only one form of munication.C) Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreignersD) Although other forms of munication exist, verbalization is the fastest12. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? (C)A) There are many forms of munication in existence todayB) Verbalization is the most mon form of municationC) The deaf and mute do not need sign language for municationD) Ideas and thoughts can be transmitted by language13. Which form other than oral speech would be most monly used among blind people? (B)A) Picture sign B) Braille C) Body languageD)Signal flags14. How many different forms of munication are mentioned here? (C)A)2-4 B)5-7 C)8-10 D) over 1015. Sign language is said to be very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally as itdoesn't represent ______A_______.A) Spellings B) whole words C) ideas D)feelingsPassage 2College brings together people from all walks of life. There are so many different types of people in the world but if you go to a college cus, you are sure to find at least one of every kind. The great part about being here with so many different people is thatyou get to interact with some interesting characters and see how to deal with them.You will meet the people you dread the most, the smart – ass, the brain, or the unique spirit, but no matter who it is that is your worst nightmare to be around you will always be paired up with them in a group project. When you get into the real world you are not going to be able to pick your boss or coworkers. Interacting with these people in college and living with different roommates will help you learn how to cooperate with the people in life youfind so unpleasant. College life is fun. The fact that I have been here for a short time just means it has not yet been a life changing experience to me. If I were to give any tips on how to survive, it would not be how to survive college, but how to survive life. I would have to say that one should be outgoing and live life to the fullest.Meet new people whenever you can because they just may be a major influence in your life. Also, get your work done before you go out and party. Lastly, I wouldhave to say, in life if you ever feel lost or alone, talk to someone about it. Everyone gets depressed at times in their life and there is always someone who will listen to your problems.16.What is the theme of the passage? (A)A) Relationships in college B)Homework in collegeC) Freedom in collegeD)Party in college17. What does the author say about group projects?(B)A) They are always unpleasant. B) They are always difficult.C) Partners may not cooperate.D) Partners may be lazyC) They may help you someday D) They make yourlife more fun.19. How would you describe the author's personality? (D)A) Shy and underconfident B) Strong but quietC) Extremely pessimistic. D) Optimistic and outgoing20. What does the author say to do if you're depressed? (B)A) Go somewhere by yourself B)Talk to someoneabout itC) Try to forget about it D) See a psychologist immediatelyPassage 3Our family is trying to decide where to go for our vacation this summer. Our son, Tom, wants to go to Yellow Stone Park again to see the bears. We did that last summer and what an experience it was! When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our c. Tom wanted his father to chase him Susie chase you! and don't let him said, No, it's dangerous to chase a bear, away. His father saidWhat shall we do? Maybe we ought to climb a tree. Tom said, No, we've got to get him out of honey someif we put Maybe tent. we could make him leave He there. might go to sleep in our outside for him to eat. Susiesuggested. Then I said, How are you going to get the honey? It's in the tent.We watched the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside. It's foolish for us to try to catch him, said my husband, leave him alone and wait for him to e out. We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car.(B) 21. The family have decided to go cing in the vacation this summer.A.TB.F(A) 22. Susie saw the bear first.A.TB.F(B) 23. They chased the bear away when they saw a bear enter their tent.A.TB.F(B) 24. The bear drank the beer in the tent.A.TB.F(B) 25. Tom wanted to go to Yellow Stone Park to see wolves.A.TB.F第三局部: 完形填空〔共 20 小题；每题 1 分，总分值 20 分〕请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、C、 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项。
文书写作(本)阶段练习答案(一)
本科阶段练习参考答案（一）一、填空题1.具体事务实用性目的2.内在规律典型性3.发文机关事由文种4.主旨材料结构语言格式5.直接材料间接材料6.法定作者机关公章成文日期7.决定公告议案报告意见函8.告知性公文报请性公文沟通性公文9.指挥宣传10.A411.基本事实对基本事实的评价对受文单位提出希望、号召12.请示报告13.主送机关二、名词解释1．应用文书：是国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体以及个人在处理公私事务、传递信息、解决问题和实行管理时使用的具有特定格式的实用性文章。
2．主旨：一般称为文章的主题，即一篇文章的中心思想和基本观点,也被称为文章的灵魂。
3．构思：在提笔写作之前，作者要考虑为什么而写、写什么、怎么写等许多问题，这种潜心准备，酝酿文稿的思维过程就叫做构思。
4．材料：就是指构成一篇文章的事实、论据、道理和引语。
5.行政机关公文：是行政机关在行政管理过程中形成的具有法定效力和规范体式的文书，是依法行政和进行公务活动的重要工具。
6. 命令：是国家权力机关、行政机关、军事机关及其负责人颁布的，是具有强制性执行性质的领导性、指挥性的下行公文。
7. 决定：是对重要事项或者重大行动做出安排，奖惩有关单位及人员，变更或者撤销下级机关不适当的决定事项的公文。
8. 通报：是党政机关、企事业单位、学校、部队用来向所属单位或群众传达重要情况、表扬好人好事、批评错误的一种公文形式。
9．公告：一种适合于向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项的公文，属于公开宣布的知照性下行文。
10. 通知：适用于批转下级机关相关的公文，转发上级机关和不相隶属机关的公文，传达要求下级机关办理和需要有关单位周知或者执行的事项，任免人员。
三、指出下列公文标题的错误，并加以修改。
1．鸿达公司关于转发鸿达公司安全责任制试行办法的通知改正：鸿达公司关于推行安全责任制试行办法的通知2．××市人民政府批转商业局《关于进一步做好粮油供应工作的报告》的通知改正：××市人民政府批转商业局《关于进一步做好粮油供应工作的意见》的通知3．××市人民政府办公厅转发××省人民政府办公厅《转发国务院办公厅〈关于贯彻执行国务院“关于解决企业社会负担过重的若干规定有关问题的通知〉的通知》的通知改正：××市人民政府办公厅转发国务院办公厅《关于解决企业社会负担过重的若干规定有关问题的通知》4．××县林业局关于××乡乱砍滥伐的报告改正：××县林业局关于××乡乱砍滥伐的通报5．关于××市民政事业费管理使用问题的通告改正：关于××市民政事业费管理使用问题的报告四、简答题（略）五、阅读下面两则背景资料，思考并回答问题背景资料（一）一位教育家欲自费出版散文集，多次到林斤澜家登门拜访，恳求林老为其散文集作序，情真意切。
2019-2020学年七年级上册英语第一次阶段性练习卷(含答案)
2019学年（上）七年级阶段性练习一英语试题卷听力部分（20%）第一节：听录音，选出你所听到的字母、单词或句子。
每题只读一遍。
（每题1分，共5分）(▲)1. A. M B. F C. S(▲)2. A. dog B. get C. Lucy(▲)3. A. BOQ B. SBS C. BBC(▲)4. A. 937,271,5 B. 727, 125, 5 C. 93, 752, 3(▲)5. A. Wu is there. B. Who are you? C. Where is Tom?第二节：听句子。
选择最佳的应答。
每题只读一遍。
（每题1分，共5分）(▲)6. A. Thank you, Miss Li. B. This is Daming, Miss Li. C. Good morning, Miss Li. (▲)7. A. Running. B. Piano. C. dancing.(▲)8. A. A B. R C. W(▲)9. A. Twenty- seven. B. Thirty -seven. C. Forty- seven.(▲)10. A. Monday. B. Sunday. C. Thursday.第三节：听对话，选择最佳答案。
对话读两遍。
（每题2分，共10分）(▲)11. Who is the new student?A. DamingB. JamieC. Lingling(▲)12. What is Helen going to do?A. go homeB. go to bedC. do free exercise(▲)13. Is basketball Helen’s favourite sport?A. Yes.B. No.C. She doesn’t know.(▲)14. Does Jamie want to play basketball now?A. No.B. Yes.C. He doesn’t know.(▲)15. How many people are going to play basketball?A. One.B. Two.C. Four.笔试部分（80%）一、完形填空。
《生物化学》阶段练习(1)
《生物化学》阶段练习（1）绪论、蛋白质、酶、维生素和辅酶、核酸化学一、填空题：1、蛋白质多肽链中的肽键是通过一个氨基酸的羧基和另一氨基酸的氨基连接而形成的。
2、大多数蛋白质中的氮的含量较恒定，平均为 16% ，如测的1g 样品含氮量为10mg，则蛋白质含量为 6.25 %。
3、蛋白质中的酪氨酸和色氨酸两种氨基酸具有紫外吸收特性，因而使蛋白质在280nm处有最大吸收值。
4、组成蛋白质的20种氨基酸中，含有咪唑环的氨基酸是组氨酸，含硫的氨基酸有蛋氨酸（甲硫氨酸）和半胱氨酸。
5、蛋白质的二级结构最基本的有两种类型，它们是α-螺旋和β-折叠。
6、氨基酸的等电点（pI）是指氨基酸所带正负电荷相等时的溶液的pH值。
氨基酸在等电点时，主要以__两性离子_形式存在，在pH>pI的溶液中，大部分以_阴离子_形式存在。
7、人体蛋白质的基本组成单位为 ----------氨基酸_ ，共有 __20___ 种。
8、体内有生物活性的蛋白质至少具备 __三级__ 结构，有的还有 __四级_ 结构。
9、蛋白质变性主要是其 _高级__ 结构遭到破坏，而其 _一级__ 结构仍可完好无损。
10、GSH的中文名称是谷胱甘肽，它的活性基团是巯基，它的生化功能是参与体内的氧化还原作用。
11、稳定蛋白质胶体的因素是水化膜和电荷。
12、加入低浓度的中性盐可使蛋白质溶解度增加，这种现象称为盐溶，而加入高浓度的中性盐，当达到一定的盐饱和度时，可使蛋白质的溶解度降低并沉淀，蛋白质的这种性质常用于蛋白质的分离。
13、酶是生物体活细胞产生的，具有催化活性的一类特殊物质。
14、全酶是由酶蛋白和辅因子组成，在催化反应时，二者所起的作用不同，其中酶蛋白决定酶的专一性和高效率，辅因子起传递电子、原子或化学基团的作用。
15、根据国际系统命名法，所有的酶按所催化的化学反应的性质可分为氧化还原酶类，合成酶类、转移酶类、水解酶类、裂合酶类、和异构酶类。
16、酶的活性中心包括结合部位和催化部位两个功能部位，其中结合部位直接与底物结合，决定酶的专一性，催化部位是发生化学变化的部位，决定催化反应的性质。
大学英语(本)阶段练习1
华东理工大学网络教育学院大学英语（4）（本）阶段练习一Part I Vocabulary and Structure1. For further information, contact us by ___C__ following E-mail address.A) one B) a C) the D) /2. ___B__ food and equipment was kept in that cave during the war time.A) Quite a few B) A great deal ofC) Large quantities D) A large/great number of3. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double __A___ of 1980.A) that B) one C) it D) what4. From his ___C__ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.A) satisfactory B) satisfying C) satisfied D) satisfactory5. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors rose ___A__27%.A) by B) for C) to D) in6. __A___ the thick trees, the bitter wind would have blown the house into pieces.A) But for B) Due to C) Except for D) Thanks for7. Until then, his family ___D__ from him for six months.A) didn’t hear B) hasn’t heardC) hasn’t been hearing D) hadn’t heard8. If the local peasants hadn’t given the soldiers clothes and food, they__D___ of cold and hunger.A) would B) will die C) would be dead D) would have died9. I don’t allow ___A__ here and I don’t allow any of you _____ anywhere.A) gambling… to gamble B) to gamble…gamblingC) gambling… gambling D) to gamble… to gamble10. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ___D__ the exam.A) pass B) to pass C) passed D) passing11. Those naughty boys were caught __B___ flowers in the garden again.A) to steal B) stealing C) to have stolen D) having stolen12. No more complaints, __D___ you will be dismissed from this company.A) so B) then C) and D) or13. Linda was walking in the street __B__ she noticed a thief stealing from anold lady.A) while B) when C) as D) which14. The ___B___ is just around the corner and you won't miss it.A) bicycle's shop B) bicycle shopC) bicycles shop D) bicycles' shop15. Mr. John was busy, ___B__he could not come.A) but B) therefore C) and D) nor16. Wu Dong was ___D___tired that he couldn't keep his eyes open.A) too B) much C) such D) so17. I paid __C___for the new book.A) half pound B) one pound and halfC) one and a half pounds D) one and half a pound18. While ___B__ for the bus at the bus station, I met an old friend of mine whom I haven't seen for 10 years.A) being waited B) waitingC) having waited D) waited19. Don't forget ___C___ your umbrella with you. It might rain in the evening.A) taking B) taken C) to take D) to be taking20. Jenny is learning Japanese. ___A__ her brother.A) So is B) So does C) Nor is D) Nor does21. Please tell me the main idea __C___ you have already gone through the whole paragraph.A) so B) before C) since D) while22. __B___ the receiver of the telephone than it rang again.A) I had put down no sooner B) I had no sooner put downC) No sooner have I put down D) No sooner I put down23. Jiuzhaigou Valley is so beautiful that it is worth __B___.A) you to visit B) visitingC) for you to visit D) for your visiting24. __B___ to have a good mastery of the English language.A) I take three years B) It takes me three yearsC) Three years take me D) Three years taking me25. Mary found it hard ___A__ the latest development in fashion.A) to keep up with B) keep upC) keeping up with D) keep up with26. You’ll have to be __A___ with my mother—she’s going rather deaf.A) patient B) popular C) bound D) disappointed27. I object __C___ the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive.A) with B) for C) to D) in28. There have been many ___C__ in their marriage but they still love each other.A) right and wrong B) back and forthC) ups and downs D) right and left29. We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ___B__ but to take a taxi.A) way B) choice C) possibility D) selection30. The committee was __D___ mainly of teachers and parents.A) comprised B) constituted C) consisted D) composed31. Fortunately, Jack was only slightly injured in the traffic __D__.A) incident B) event C) case D) accident32. In order to achieve the final success, we must __C___ our disputes and unite as one.A) lay down B) lay off C) lay aside D) lay up33. You should take the medicine after you read the __C____.A) lines B) words C) instructions D) suggestions34. It has been ten years since the Labour Party came into __C___ in that country.A) control B) force C) power D) charge35. Why he did it will remain a ___D__ for ever.A) strange B) pass C) public D) puzzlePart II Use of English1. - Good morning, John . How are you doing?- _____C____A) I'm pleased. B) Good night.C) Not so bad. And you? D) How do you do?2. - Good-bye for now.- _____A____A) The same to you. B) That's OK.C) See you. D) Long time no see.3. - Thanks for your help.- ______C______A) My pleasure. B) Never mind.C) Quite right. D) Don’t thank me.4. - Hello, I’m Harry Potter.- Hello, my name is Charles Green, but ________C____.A) call my Charles B) call me at CharlesC) call me Charles D) call Charles me5. - How do I get to the cinema?- _____D____A) It's very far. B) Yes, there is a cinema near here.C) It's well known. D) Go down this street and turn left.6. - Do you like to play basketball?- ____C_____A) Perhaps. B) No. Xiaowang does not like it.C) I am crazy about it. D) I am pleased about it.7. - Excuse me, I'm afraid you've overcharged me.- ________A________A) Oh, really? B) That's all right.C) That's fine. D) You're welcome.8. - I doubt whether the Chinese Football Team can win the game this time. - ___________B_________.A) That's true B) It's hard to sayC) I like the team D) I don't believe it9. Mr. Carol is not in. Can I take a message?___________A_______________________.A) Well, I’d prefer to call later. B) You’d better not.C) Thank you all the same. D) That’s all right.10. - Good afternoon. Can I help you?- ______C___A) No. I don't think so.B) Thank you.C) I need to buy a birthday present for my son.D) Yes. I think soPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage OneMr. Young ran his own business and worked very hard. His wife was afraid that he would get sick if he continued like that, so she often tried to get him to take a vacation. At last she managed to persuade him to do so, and she hoped that he would be able to enjoy his vacation without any disturbance, sobefore they left, Mrs. Young went to see her husband's secretary. She said to her, "My husband needs a vacation very much, so whatever happens, please don't bother him with telegrams and letters about business problems while we are away. Just wait till we get back."After Mr. and Mrs. Young had been away about a week, Mr. Young received a letter from his secretary which said, "Something terrible happened to your business, but I'm not going to bother you with it while you are enjoying your vacation."1. Mr. Young was the owner of a private business. AA) T B) F2. Mrs. Young worried about her husband's business. BA) T B) F3. Mrs. Young was afraid that her husband's vacation might be spoilt. AA) T B) F4. The secretary didn't explain in her letter what had happened to Mr.Young's business, because she didn't want to spoil Mr. Young's vacation.AA) T B) F5. You can learn from the story that Mr. Young had a stupid secretary. AA) T B) FPassage TwoAfter having lived for over twenty years in the same district, Albert Hall was forced to move to a new neighborhood. He surprised his landlord by telling him that he was leaving because he could not afford to buy any more chocolate.It all began a year ago when Albert returned home one evening and found a large dog in front of his gate. He was very fond of animals and as he happened to have a small piece of chocolate in his pocket, he gave it to the dog. The next day, the dog was there again. It held up its paws and received another piece of chocolate as a reward. Albert called his new friend "Bingo". He never found out the dog's real name, nor who his owner was. However, Bingo appeared regularly every afternoon and it was quite clear that he preferred chocolate to bones. He soon grew dissatisfied with small pieces of chocolate and demanded a large bar a day. If at any time Albert neglected his duty, Bingo got very angry and refused to let him open the gate. Albert was now at Bingo's mercy and had to bribe him to get into his own house! He spent such a large part of his weekly wages to keep Bingo supplied with thatin the end he had to move somewhere else.6. Albert lived there for many years. BA) T B) F7. Albert was moving because he did not like the place. BA) T B) F8. Albert and the dog became friends a year ago. AA) T B) F9. The dog visited Albert every day because it wanted the chocolate. AA) T B) F10. Albert "had to bribe him" means he had to take care of him. BA) T B) FPassage ThreeShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person's conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing." Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, "You're just saying that to make me feel good.I know it's not true." It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let's not allow shyness to block our chances for arich and fulfilling life.11. What does the author try to prove by citing "what kind of impression am I making?" (Para. 1)__B____A) Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.B) People's shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.C) It's natural that shy people don't believe other's compliments.D) Shy people think they are different from others.12. According to the writer, self-awareness is __A___.A) a good qualityB) the cause of unhappinessC) harmful to peopleD) a weak point of shy people13. That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is ___B___.A) good B) unreal C) very reasonable D) harmful14. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? ___C__A) Shyness helps us to develop our potentialB) Shyness enables us to understand ourselves betterC) Shyness can block our chances for a rich lifeD) Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem15. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people __B___.A) should find more of their weaknessB) should understand themselves in the right wayC) had better ignore their weaknessD) can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteemPassage FourWhat makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is "no". It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into alarge set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist's knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einstein's ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.16. What makes a scientist according to the passage? __B___A) The tools he uses.B) The way he uses his tools.C) His ways of learning.D) The various tools he uses.17. The underlined part in the passage shows__C___.A) the importance of informationB) the importance of thinkingC) the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD) the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs.18. A sound scientific theory should be one that __A___.A) works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under thesame conditions at other timesB) does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC) can be used for many purposesD) leave no room for improvement19. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __C___.A) that measurements are keys to success in scienceB) that accuracy of mathematicsC) that investigations are important in scienceD) that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations20. What is the main idea of the passage? __D___A) The theory of relativity.B) Exactness is the core of science.C) Scientists are different from ordinary people.D) Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.Part IV ClozeMany people would agree that stress is a major problem in modern life. It is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses, __D__ backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.Many of us think __A__ stress as something that other people impose on us. We often complain about how other people put us __B__ pressure. But we should try not to let such pressure affect us. We should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take __E__ more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to __C__ our limitations. We should be aware of which things are really important and which are not.1. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on2. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on3. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on4. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) on5. A) of B) under C) accept D) from E) onPart V Translation1. This box can hold more books than that one.这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书。
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阶段练习（货币资金、应收款项、存货）
一、单项选择题
1．“坏账准备”科目在期末结账前如为借方余额，反映的内容是( )。
A．提取的坏账准备
B．已经发生的坏账损失
C．收回以前已经确认并转销的坏账损失
D．已确认的坏账损失超出坏账准备的余额
2．预付账款不多的企业，可以不设“预付账款”科目，而将预付的款项记入( )。
A．“应付账款”科目的借方 B．“应付账款”科目的贷方
C．“应收账款”科目的借方 D．“应收账款”科目的贷方
3．甲企业销售某产品给乙企业，货已发出，货款10 000元；乙企业签发一张90天后到期并已承兑的无息商业汇票，票面金额为10 000元。
甲企业45天后持此票据到银行贴现，贴现率为10％。
甲企业取得的贴现金额为( )元。
A．10 000 B．9 875 C．10 125 D．10 100
4．A企业于2010年6月7日销售一批商品给B企业，应收账款500 000元，规定的付款条件为2／10、1／20、n／30；B企业于2010年6月20日付款，A企业实际收到的金额为( )元。
A．500 000 B．490 000 C．485 000 D．495 000
5．某企业2008年末应收账款余额为2 000 000元；2009年确认坏账损失30 000元，年末应收账款余额为4 000 000元；2010年收回已转销的坏账20 000元，年末应收账款余额为3 500 000元。
坏账准备提取比例为5％o（千分之五）。
该企业3年内计提“坏账准备”计入“资产减值损失”账户的金额累计为( )元。
A．47 500 B．22 500 C．27 500 D．40 000
二、多项选择题
1．下列各项中，应在“其他应收款”科目核算的有( )。
A．应收保险公司的各种赔款 B．应收的各种罚款
C．应收出租包装物的租金 D．应向职工收取的暂付款项
2．企业将无息票据贴现时，影响贴现利息计算的因素有( )。
A．票据的面值 B．票据期限
C．企业持票天数 D．贴现利率
3．下列各项中，应计入“坏账准备”科目贷方的有( )。
A．年末按应收账款余额的一定比例计提的坏账准备
B．收回过去已经确认并转销的坏账
C．经批准转销的坏账
D．确实无法支付的应付账款
4．按照现行会计制度的规定，下列各项中可以计入“应收账款”账户的有( )。
A．增值税销项税额 B．商业折扣
C．现金折扣 D．代购货单位垫付的运杂费
5．下列各项中，应作为销售费用处理的有( )。
A．随同产品出售不单独计价的包装物的成本
B．随同产品出售单独计价的包装物的成本
C．出租包装物的摊销价值
D．出借包装物的摊销价值
6．下列各项费用中，应计入一般纳税企业存货成本的有( )。
A．购入存货运输过程中的保险费用
B．采购人员的工资费用
C．入库前的整理挑选费用
D．购入存货发生的包装费
三、判断题
1．商业承兑汇票的出票人可以是该商业汇票的承兑人，也可以是收款人，但必须由付款人承兑。
( )
2．银行承兑汇票只能由在承兑银行开立存款账户的存款人签发。
( )
3．企业按年末应收款项余额的一定比例计算的坏账准备金额，应等于年末结账后“坏账准备”科目的余额。
( )
4．商业汇票可以背书转让，被背书人应对票据的到期付款负连带责任。
( ) 5．在存在现金折扣的情况下，若采用总价法核算，应收账款应按销售收入扣除预计的现金折扣后的金额确认。
( )
6．工业企业购进原材料时，运输途中发生的合理损耗，应计入购进材料的实际采购成本中。
( )
7．一般纳税企业购进生产用原材料时，按照税法的有关规定，可以按支付的外地运杂费的一定比例计算增值税进项税额，该进项税额应计人购进材料的采购成本中。
( )
四、会计业务题练习
1、某企业采用应收账款余额百分比法核算坏账损失，坏账准备的提取比例为5％o（千分之五），有关资料如下：
(1)该企业从2008年开始计提坏账准备，该年末应收账款余额为1 000 000元；
(2)2009年和2010年年末应收账款余额分别为2 500 000元和2 200 000元，2009年和2010年均未发生坏账损失；
(3)2011年6月，经有关部门确认一笔坏账损失，金额为18 000元；
(4)2011年10月，上述已核销的坏账又收回5 000元；
(5)2011年年末应收账款余额为2 000 000元。
要求：根据上述资料，编制有关的会计分录。
2、某工业企业为增值税一般纳税企业，该企业2009年采用计划成本进行原材料的核算，有关资料如下：
(1)1月1日，原材料账面计划成本为100 000元，材料成本差异为5 000元(超支)；
(2)1月10日购人原材料一批，取得的增值税专用发票上注明的原材料价款为200 000元，增值税额为34 000元，外地运货费用为10 000元，按照税法有关规定，外地运费可按7％的比例计算增值税进项税额，有关款项已通过银行存款支付；
(3)上述材料的计划成本为210 000元，材料已验收入库；
(4)本月领用材料的计划成本为200 000元，其中：生产部门领用150 000元，车间管理部门领用20 000元，辅助生产车间领用20 000元，厂部管理部门领用1 000元，在建工程领用9 000元；
(5)1月28日购人材料一批，材料已运到并已验收入库，但发票等结算凭证尚未收到，货款尚未支付，该批材料的计划成本为300 000元；
要求：（1）计算分摊1月份分摊的材料成本差异；
（2）根据上述资料，编制有关的会计分录。
3、某公司采用“备抵法”核算存货跌价损失。
假设2007年年末甲种存货的实际成本为100 000元，可变现净值为90 000元；2008年年末，该存货的预计可变现净值为87 000元；2009年年末，该存货的预计可变现净值为98 000元；2010年年末，该存货的预计可变现净值为101 000元。
求：计算各年应提取的存货跌价准备并进行相应的会计处理。
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