乙肝表面抗体阳性、核心抗体阳性(Hepatitis B surface antibody is positive, core antibody is positive)

乙肝表面抗体阳性、核心抗体阳性（Hepatitis B surface antibody is positive, core antibody is positive）Hepatitis B surface antibody positive, hepatitis B core antibody positiveHepatitis B surface antibody is a protective antibody of human body, which can protect the body from HBV infection. Hepatitis B core antibody positive is infection or previous infection marker. These two simultaneous positive, indicating that the body was originally infected with hepatitis B, is in recovery or has recovered.Is hepatitis B antibody positive to be vaccinated?Whether to need to fight hepatitis B vaccine has the following two kinds of circumstances:1, if you are through hepatitis B vaccine to obtain hepatitis B antibody, it is recommended that every three years you strengthen the injection of a hepatitis B vaccine. Since the production of antibody by hepatitis B vaccine, the antibody level decreases with time. Most of our scholars suggest that it is better to strengthen the injection once three years after immunization. No matter how long apart, as long as the surface antibody titer in 10 international units more than /ml, indicating that the body has immunity to hepatitis B virus (variation hepatitis B invalid). Conversely, if the hepatitis B surface antibody titer is below this value, the injection should be enhanced.2, if the hepatitis B surface antibody is not obtained by injection of hepatitis B vaccine, but because of infection with hepatitis B virus obtained, at this time do not need to inject hepatitis B vaccine. The hepatitis B immune antibody obtained by hepatitis B infection has a relatively long duration.Hepatitis B surface antibody is positive, can be effective against hepatitis B virus invasion, thereby protecting the body from hepatitis B virus infection. The previous generation is generally believed that the injection of hepatitis B vaccine antibody 3-5 and sustainable, if often contact with hepatitis B patients if antibody offset faster, in recent years, clinical evidence of hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B surface antibody positive stimulation of antibody titer reached more than 10, most can play a protective role in 8-10, and often with hepatitis B patients contact person although antibody offset faster, but because the trace of hepatitis B virus stimulation, the body may also produce antibodies. If the hepatitis B surface antibody positive, generally do not have to worry about the daily life of infection, suggest that 3-5 check, in order to observe the existence and degree of antibodies, and antibody in weak timely to ensure the continuation of hepatitis B vaccine, antibody titer, and effective against hepatitis B virus, better maintenance of human health.Hepatitis B surface antibody appears weak positive, may have been infected with hepatitis B virus, has been restored to health. Or inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine may also lead to this phenomenon, indicating resistance already. The hepatitis B surface antibody is weak positive, generally is not contagious, but the hepatitis B antibody titer will graduallydecline along with the time, so generally strengthens injection once every 4-5 years. It's better to check two, half a titer below 10 micrograms, and every liter should be strengthened.The commonly used method of injecting hepatitis B vaccine is "0, 1 and June injection", that is, the second needle is injected 1 months after the first injection, and the third needle is injected 6 months after the first needle. According to the hepatitis B vaccine specific instructions, each subcutaneous injection of 5 - 10 micrograms. Seventh months, hepatitis B should be tested five items, the effect of vaccination. If the hepatitis B surface antibody is positive, that is effective, or else to play. Hepatitis B surface antibody is a protective antibody that can protect the body against hepatitis B virus, and its presence is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine injection.(1) if the hepatitis B surface antibody positive antibody titer is >10, showed that the protective antibody is enough, can to some extent in the prevention of hepatitis B virus attacks, without injection of hepatitis B vaccine to strengthen the needle, after check regularly.(2) if the surface antibody of hepatitis B is weak positive, that is, the titer of antibody is 4-10, then a hepatitis B vaccine should be inoculated to strengthen the needle.Hepatitis B surface antibody quantitative detection of normal value is less than 10 10mIU/m1, significantly negative, the body is not enough to resist the invasion of hepatitis B virus,hepatitis B is susceptible to the crowd, this time the need to fight hepatitis B vaccine booster, thereby enhancing the anti HBV effect; if more than 10mIU/m1, can effectively resist the infection of hepatitis B, and numerical better.Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) reached its peak in 6-12 months and gradually declined thereafter,Turn negative in 10 years (sometimes very fast).= = =Two half of hepatitis B is the most commonly used hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection detection serum marker in domestic hospitals. There are a total of 3 pairs of hepatitis B virus immunological markers, namely surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibody (anti HBs or HBsAb), e antigen (HBeAg) and e antibody (anti HBe or HBeAb), core antigen (HBcAg) and core antibody (anti HBc or HBcAb). Hepatitis B two half, also known as hepatitis B five, and its significance is: check whether the hepatitis B infection and the specific circumstances of infection, distinguish big Sanyang, small sanyang.Because core antigen is not easy to be measured in blood, at present the reagent box does not pass, so there are two half of antigen antibody, this is what people often say "hepatitis B two half and half" inspection, or called "hepatitis B five" inspection.Before the "two half and half", and later added a HBcAb-Igm (core antibody Igm), became the three, and now there is a Pre-S1(hepatitis B virus S1 antigen, S1 antigen), "two half and half" into the "three half and half".Hepatitis B two half of each index significance1 (HBsAg- hepatitis B surface antigen) as a sign of the virus has been infected, does not reflect whether the virus replication, replication, infectious intensity2 (HBsAb- hepatitis B surface antibody) is the hallmark of neutralizing antibodies, whether or not a major marker of recovery or resistance. Hepatitis B vaccination, if only the positive, should be regarded as a normal phenomenon after hepatitis B vaccination; hepatitis B virus infection on their own after the elimination of hepatitis B virus immunity will also have the body of hepatitis B surface antibody, this is a good phenomenon3 (HBeAg- hepatitis B virus e antigen) is a marker of viral replication. Continued positive for more than 3 months have affinity4 (HBeAb- hepatitis B virus e antibody) is a stop sign for viral replication. Viral replication decreases and infectivity is weaker than the HBV virus pattern, but not entirely without infection5 (HBcAb- core antibody) is a sign of a person who has been infected or is infected. The core antibody, IGM, is a marker of recent infection or viral replication. The core antibody IgG is produced after infection and has some relevance forassisting the two half of the test.Surface antigen: indicated that the hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infected, because the surface antigen is the hepatitis B virus's shell, only this positive is not infectious. 70% - 90% surface antigen positive long-term, such as no symptoms, and liver function is normal, no symptoms of hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, without treatment, do not interfere with the work and study, the antigen positive in the population of China accounts for about 10%.Surface antibody: This is a protective antibody that neutralizes the hepatitis B virus. Clew: it is a kind of good phenomenon to obtain immunity after inoculation hepatitis B vaccine; second, hepatitis B recovery period or once suffered from hepatitis B already more, expressed already had immunity.E antigen: hepatitis B virus replication (reproduction) active, infectious stronger, and its close contact, the possibility of infection is greater. This antigen, such as persistent, suggests chronic hepatitis B virus carriers.E antibody: the condition that expresses hepatitis B patient is relieved, stability or incline to rehabilitation, prognosis is good, infectivity decreases, but do not assure the hepatitis B virus has disappeared completely.This is not the core antibody antibody neutralizing antibody, can not clear the virus, and once was in the body to exist for a long time, he recovered sustainable positive, the positive only recently infected with hepatitis B virus or viruscontinues to replicate (reproduction), or had hepatitis B virus infection, and can not distinguish between past or current infection is sick.9 common patterns1 - the past and present have not been infected with HBV.2 + - (1) previous infection failed to detect resistance to -HBs;(2) recovery stage HBsAg disappeared and anti -HBs did not appear; (3) asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.3 - - + + (1) had previously been infected with HBV; (2) acute HBV infection recovered; (3) a few specimens were still infectious. HBV infection has passed; the window period before the emergence of anti HBs. HBeAg appeared later in the latent period of hepatitis B, but disappeared later than the appearance of HBsAg,Closely related to HBV-DNA. Its clinical significance is as follows: (1) it can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis and prognostic indicator of acute hepatitis B. The recovery of acute hepatitis B usually disappears with the disappearance of HBsAg. If 3-4 months after the onset of acute hepatitis B, HBeAg is positive from Yang, anti -HBE appears, which means the prognosis is good. Onset of 3-6 months, still HBeAg (+), may be the earliest evidence of acute hepatitis becoming chronic.(2) it can help to determine the infectivity of hepatitis B patients or HBV carriers. HBeAg exists in the serum of HBsAg positive patients, indicating that there are Dane granules in the blood, most of which are HBV-DNA positive, and the threeare basically parallel. Therefore, HBeAg (+) is highly infectious. Anti -HBe (+) is generally less contagious. However, if serum HBV-DNA (+) may exist in the HBV variant, there is still a certain infectivity; (3) HBeAg positive suggests HBV replication in vivo. HBeAg appears to be resistant to -HBe before and after disappearance, and this phase is called seroconversion, from the HBV replication phase to the non replicative phase. Resistance to -HBe often indicates a decrease or termination of HBV proliferation. But if the nucleotide sequences of C before the change of HBV gene prevents the formation of HBeAg, HBV still exist in the blood circulation, liver disease may continue to develop, and gradually evolved into cirrhosis; (4) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma, the positive rate of HBeAg decreased, and the anti -HBe, a-FP in HBsAg (+ increased. The patients with liver cirrhosis), anti -HBe (+), a-FP increased, suggesting that early hepatocellular carcinoma; (5) maternal transmission in pregnant women during childbirth (HBeAg +) may spread between the rate of mother to child.4 - + - - (1) immunization with hepatitis B vaccine; (2) previous infection; false positive.5 + + + + acute HBV sensation rehabilitation.6 + + - (1) acute HBV infection; (2) chronic HBsAg carriers;(3) infectious weakness.7 - + - + infected with hepatitis B virus in the past, the virus has been basically cleared, the body in rehabilitation. However, there are still some patients with abnormal liver function andDNA positive. Whether or not there is a variation of the virus, it is still necessary to continue the treatment and still be immune. HBV infection, recovery stage.8 + - + + (1) acute HBV infection tended to recover; (2) chronic HBsAg carriers; (3) infectious weakness. Commonly known as "little Sanyang"".9 + + + - acute or chronic hepatitis B infection. Suggest HBV replication, infection is strong. Commonly known as "big Sanyang"".16 rare patterns10 + - - (1) acute HBV infection early, acute HBV infection incubation period; (2) chronic HBV carriers, infectious weak.11 + + - - (1) chronic HBsAg carriers tend to be negative; (2) acute HBV infection tends to recover.12 + + - - (1) acute HBV infection early, (2) chronic carriers, infectious strong.13 + - + + + (1) acute HBV infection tended to recover; (2) chronic carriers.14 + + - - (1) subclinical HBV infection early; (2) different subtypes of HBV two infection.15 + + - + (1) subclinical HBV infection early; (2) different subtypes of HBV two infection.16 + + + - subclinical or atypical infection.17 + + + + subclinical or atypical infection.18 + + + + - subclinical or atypical infection early. HBsAg immune complexes are newly infected with different subtypes.19 - - + - (1) atypical acute infection; (2) in the early stage of infection before the emergence of anti -HBc, HBsAg titer was low and negative, or false positive.20 + + + atypical acute infection.21 + + + acute HBV infection metaphase.22 - + - + - HBV infection has been restored.23 + + - atypical or subclinical HBV infection.24 + + + - atypical or subclinical HBV infection.25 - + - acute HBV infection tends to recover.7 rare patterns26 + + + + + + a subtype of HBsAg and profiled anti HBs (common); II. Serum converting from HBsAg to anti HBs (Shao Jian).27 - + + + -28 - + + + +29 - + + -30 + - + + -31 + + + -32 + + + + -3 normal modesThe following hepatitis B two half and half result index combination form, all indicated that now is the healthy person, has not infected the hepatitis B virus1. - + - +2. - + -3. - -1, hepatitis B symptoms are often manifested as loss of appetite, nausea, nausea and oil, abdominal discomfort, abdominal distension and so on.2, weak, tired, tired, listless, insomnia and dreaminess.3, jaundice is a more prominent symptom of hepatitis B symptoms, often manifested in urine color becomes dark, eyes, skin yellow.4, hepatitis B patients also often appear in right upper abdomen and right hypochondrium discomfort, pain and other symptoms.Hepatitis B two half of 135 positive, that is commonly known as the "hepatitis B big Sanyang", generally means that hepatitis B virus replication in vivo is more active, relatively strong infection. But the two semi hepatitis B 135 positive and can not explain the severity and the degree of liver damage in hepatitis B patients, to check liver function, liver B and hepatitis B virus load DNA related examination, comprehensive analysis and judgment can generally understand the severity of the replication of hepatitis B virus, and infectious size, and to determine the appropriate treatment according to the situation, to achieve the targeted drug, standardized treatment.Hepatitis B two pairs of semi positive 135, check if the liver function is normal, no other clinical symptoms, ultrasound examination showed no obvious damage to the liver, dynamic observations suggest that a HBV serological and biochemical indicators of liver function and ultrasound examination every 3-6 months.Hepatitis B two pairs of semi positive 135, check if the abnormal liver function, normal transaminase exceed more than 2 times, HBV-DNA positive, is suggestive of chronic active hepatitis, the immune has started, you should grasp the timing of treatment, the need for antiviral and protective therapy under the guidance of professional doctors.Hepatitis B two half of 145, positive refers to in the blood test, hepatitis B surface antigen, e antibody and core antibody is positive, we call it hepatitis B small sanyang.Where appear hepatitis B, two half of 145 positive (hepatitis B, small three yang), all indicate acute or chronic hepatitis B, in vivo viral replication, for hepatitis B virus replication.Hepatitis B two, half of 145 positive, should be further examination of liver function, blood routine, alpha fetoprotein and B ultrasound, so that they and doctors to understand the changes in the condition. Hepatitis B two half of 145 positive (hepatitis B small Sanyang) examination, HBV, DNA is still positive, indicating that hepatitis B virus still exists, is still infectious. Every transaminase is high, virus activity is small, 3 worlds need treatment. Otherwise, the liver will develop toward fibrosis - cirrhosis - liver cancer.In addition, hepatitis B two, half a 145 positive, HBV-DNA negative, normal liver function, many people believe that no treatment. However, liver biopsy showed that 90% of the patients had chronic liver inflammation and had a tendency to liver fibrosis. Some patients even had early cirrhosis and the most serious was cancer. This part of hepatitis B, small Sanyang patients should consider anti fibrosis treatment.Hepatitis B two pairs of semi positive 15 also known as hepatitis B 2 Yang, indicating that patients with infectious is relatively weak, if patients with acute or chronic hepatitis, the patients are contagious: if it is changed from hepatitisand viral replication, suggesting that tends to stop infectious. As long as the regular review of liver function and hepatitis B two half and half, as long as the function of the liver is normal, patients do not have to worry too much.Hepatitis B five, first HBsAg positive, indicating that the presence of hepatitis B virus in the body, is now being infected; hepatitis B five, fifth HBcAb positive, indicating that hepatitis B virus had been infected.To determine the severity of hepatitis B, we should make a more accurate judgement in addition to the five items of hepatitis B (two and a half), combined with liver function tests, hepatic fibrosis indexes and B ultrasonography, and CT findings. 15 hepatitis B positive, suggest further liver function and HBV-DNA examination. Take corresponding measures according to the inspection results.Hepatitis B two half to 245 positive refers to hepatitis B surface antibody, E antibody and core antibody is positive. Hepatitis B surface antibody is an antibody produced by hepatitis B surface antigen to stimulate the immune system,Can protect the body from hepatitis B virus attacks again.About hepatitis B two, half a 245 positive whether contagious, according to liver function, HBV-DNA, liver B ultrasound examination, to determine whether there is no virus replication. If two of 245 patients with positive hepatitis B, liver function is normal, DNA negative without virus replication, neither infectious hepatitis B virus; hepatitis B can exist in two veryfew 245 Yang, but positive for HBV-DNA virus replication, then there may be infected with hepatitis B virus.General hepatitis B two pairs of semi positive 245 January, when second after antibody after hepatitis B e antibody anti -HBe e antibody of hepatitis B will disappear; if the long time does not disappear, there may be a mutation of hepatitis B virus, need to do the relevant checks, timely treatment.Hepatitis B two half of the different combinations of its significance is not the same, the most common patterns are:1. hepatitis B five, 1 Yang, the remaining Yin: shows that the incubation period of acute viral infection is late; HBsAg virus carriers.2. hepatitis B five, 2 Yang, the remaining Yin: once vaccinated hepatitis B vaccine, and immune; second, have been infected with hepatitis B virus, but there have been immune antibodies; may appear false positive.3., hepatitis B five, 5 Yang, the remaining Yin: previously infected with hepatitis B virus, is now in convalescence.4. hepatitis B five, 15 Yang, the remaining Yin: commonly known as the "small two Yang" acute HBV infection; II. Chronic HBsAg carriers.5. hepatitis B five, 25 Yang, the remaining Yin: shows that previously infected with hepatitis B virus, has now recovered and has immunity.6. hepatitis B five, 45 Yang, the remaining Yin: (1) the past infection HBV; II acute HBV infection recovery period, the presence of hepatitis B surface antibody before the window period.7., hepatitis B five, 135 Yang, the remaining Yin: commonly known as the "big three yang" acute or chronic hepatitis B infection; II. Viruses in activity and replication period.8., hepatitis B five, 245 Yang, the remaining Yin: acute HBV feeling, rehabilitation period, has a certain immunity.9. hepatitis B five, 13 Yang, the remaining Yin: commonly known as "big second Yang" acute HBV infection; II chronic HBsAg carriers.10. hepatitis B five, 145 Yang, the remaining Yin: commonly known as "small Sanyang", suggesting acute or chronic hepatitis B, viral replication in vivo, hepatitis B virus replication statusHepatitis B two half and half liver function testDistinguish one: check different indicators(1) the target of the project is hepatitis B five, that is: surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibody (anti HBs or HBsAb), e antigen (HBeAg) and e antibody (anti HBe or HBeAb), core antibody (anti HBc or HBcAb).(2) liver function index: routine examination for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine aminotransferase (AST), Gu Cao Gu Cao (AST/ALT), the valley of glutamyl transferase (GGP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBILI), direct bilirubin (DBILI), indirect bilirubin (IBILI), the total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB), than the white ball (ALB/GLB), glucose (GLU), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-L), creatine kinase (CK), total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TRIG), uric acid (UA).Difference two: the clinical significance is different(1) the second half of hepatitis B two check significance is: check whether the infection of hepatitis B and the specific circumstances of infection, distinguish big Sanyang, small sanyang.(2) liver function is to reflect the physiological function of the liver, liver function test is to detect whether the liver has disease, the extent of liver damage, as well as to identify the causes of liver disease, to judge the prognosis and to identify the cause of jaundice. Liver function tests are especially sensitive and important to the diagnosis of liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis.Many patients with hepatitis B will encounter such a situation, check the two semi hepatitis B, the doctor to check the hepatitis B virus DNA, HBVDNA is the hepatitis B virus can replicate the genetic material of the new virus, hepatitis B virus gene. Hepatitis B virus only antigen, and no HBVDNA, it will not infect others, because it does not replicate theability of the virus, the patient will be completely cured. The doctor is measuring the condition of the hepatitis B patient,Need measurement of the blood is contained in the HBVDNA (i.e. qualitative, positive or negative), to determine whether there are infectious; but also the check number with the virus (viral load), is to determine the level of infection, usually in the copy number per milliliter containing the number of virus (copy / ml) with the blood of patients with virus load.Two half of hepatitis B can only reflect the carrying pattern of antigen and antibody in the body and the immunity of the organism under certain conditions, so as to provide indirect evidence for the hepatitis B virus infection. The presence of HBVDNA is the direct evidence of hepatitis B virus infection, and is the gold standard for diagnosis.Hepatitis B two, half a check, and metabolism is not directly related, eating does not affect the HBV antigen antibody indicators, that does not affect the accuracy of the results of the examination. So you don't need an empty stomach.Hepatitis B two half and half examination, do not need fasting examination, but hepatitis B two half and half, often with liver function or hepatitis B ultrasound examination together, to determine the hepatitis B situation. The liver function and hepatitis B ultrasound examination must be fasting, while checking the day before eating light, check the first three days can not drink, in order to ensure the accuracy of inspection. So, if want to check hepatitis B at the same time two half, liver function (hepatitis B, b) must be empty stomach.1, for healthy people, through the injection of hepatitis B vaccine can produce sufficient hepatitis B antibody, 3-5 years to check once five hepatitis B can be, but there are chronic liver disease symptoms, but also need to check the hepatitis B five.2, for regular contact with hepatitis B patients, it is best to go every year to check the hepatitis B antibody titer, once the titer is less than 10, should be timely vaccination hepatitis B vaccine, strengthen the needle.3, for hepatitis B patients, hepatitis B five checks interval depends on their own circumstances, neither between the interval is too long, but too frequent inspection is meaningless. If patients are not treated with special antiviral therapy, there is no need to examine HBV markers and viral variants frequently, and each patient's condition must be selected for an examination to be performed. Under normal circumstances, it is recommended that every three months or six months of the patient's friends to check the hepatitis B five checks. There are five clinical hepatitis B is often carried out with the liver function, especially the hepatitis B patients who have manifested the symptoms of hepatitis B, if the feeling is a little unusual, go to the hospital for examination.Big 3 this world is infectivity, small, 3 this world infectivity is lower, healthy carrier is not infectivity.HBsAg carriers account for about 10% of China's totalpopulation.Hepatitis B is transmitted mainly through the bloodstream, occasionally through saliva and semen, and in daily life, general contact is unlikely to infect others."Small Sanyang," who, usually without hepatitis symptoms, liver function has been normal people, also known as hepatitis B virus carriers.It is estimated that there are about 215 million people living with hepatitis B virus in the world, about 120 million of them in china.。