地震系统

Study of the seismic system E-government based onCloud ComputingLi Zhitao, Fu Jihua,Wang Jianjun, Tan QiaoEarthquake information network laboratoryThe Institute of Crustal DynamicsBeijing China 100085zhitao.lee@Abstract—The traditional IT industry and the mode of E-Government are currently experiencing great changes, Cloud Computing becomes a trend. This paper explains the definition and understanding of the Cloud Computing. Combined with the demands of the seismic system E-government, such as high-performance computing, resource sharing service, building the green network, this paper analyzed the key technology of deployment the Cloud Computing in the seismic system and promoted the application mode.Keywords-Cloud Computing; visualization; cloud application model;data centerI.I NTRODUCTIONThe sharing of the network resources and computing capability is one of the most importing researches around the Internet community in the whole world. The utility of the Internet computing and storage resources stand in an unbalance status. How to achieve a balance of resources and computing power application and how to cope the growing trend of the data amount are both the need to be resolved. Cloud computing is in this context that shape.Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services. These resources can be rapidly provisioned and released from the Cloud with minimal management effort and little service provider interaction. This definition states that clouds have five essential characteristics: on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource polling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. For this features of Cloud Computing, the data center is more similar with the Internet. This made the resource switch to the demand applications, and access the computer or storage system according to different demand.How introduce Cloud Computing to the seismic system to promote the current E-Government standard in order to provide more IT services? This article is from this starting, discussing the network architecture of Cloud Computing using in the seismic system. The rest part of this paper is organized as follows: section Ⅱ introduces the background knowledge of Cloud Computing, section Ⅲ analyses the typical applications; then promotes the network architecture of Cloud computing using in seismic system in section Ⅳ. Finally, draw the conclusion in section Ⅴ.II.B ACKGROUND K NOWLEDGEA.The concept of Cloud ComputingCloud Computing with the interpretation of divergent viewsis still a lack of standardization definitions. But usually that: Cloud Computing distributes the tasks into the resource pool to make each application system acquire computing ability, storage space and all kinds of services as needed. This resource pool is called “Cloud”. “Cloud” is a number of self-maintenance and self-management virtual computing resources, usually being some large-scale server clusters, including computing servers, storage servers and so on. Cloud Computing collects all the computing resources to achieve automated management by software, without any human involvement.Cloud Computing is the development of Parallel Computing, Distributed Computing and Grid Computing, alsoit is the commercial realization of these computer science concepts. Cloud Computing is the evolution result of these concepts such as: Virtualization, Utility Computing, Infrastructure-as-a-Service, Platform-as-a-Service and Software-as-a-Service.B.The Features of Cloud ComputingCloud Computing is one of the computing technology based on the Internet which has the following characteristics:1. Very large scale, “Cloud” has a considerable scale. Google’s Cloud computing center already has more than 100 million servers. The “Cloud” of other corporations such as Amazon, IBM, Microsoft, have hundreds of thousands of servers also. Enterprise Private Cloud normally has hundreds or thousands of servers. “Cloud” can provide users an unprecedented computing power.2 Virtualization, Cloud Computing supports users in any location with any terminal to access to the application services. The requested resource is from the “Cloud” rather than a fixed physical entity. Application runs in “Cloud” somewhere, butin fact the users do not need to know or worry about the specific location of running it. Only with a laptop or a cell phone, the users can achieve anything they need including the super-computing task through the Web Services, this feature is shown in Figure 1.This research was supported by Research grant from Institute of CrustalDynamics, China Earthquake Administration (No.ZDJ2009-21) and theNFS(50908215)of China2010 International Conference on E-Business and E-GovernmentFigure 1 The application of Cloud Computing3. High reliability, “Cloud” uses many methods to protect the validity of services, such as multiple copies of data on fault-tolerant, computing nodes with the same structure being interchanged and so on.4. On-demand service, “Cloud” is a huge resource pool, the users buy these service on-demand. Cloud can run like water, electricity, gas and can bill according traffic.5. Low price, as the “Cloud” has the special fault-tolerancemeasures, it can be composed with the low-cost nodes. The “Cloud” automatic centralized management make the enterprise not need loading the increasing expensive data centermanagement costs. “Cloud” universal nature of the resource utilization compared to traditional systems significantly improved so that users can fully enjoy the “Cloud” of low-cost advantage.III. T HE TIPICAL EXAMPLES OF C LOUD COMPUTINGAPPLICATIONS Many manufacturers have involved in cloud computing field in some way. Google is one of the well-known competitors. To enter the field of cloud computing other vendors are IBM, Amazon and so on.A. Google’s Cloud ComputingGoogle’s Cloud computing technology is actually aimed at specific web applications and customized. For the large-scale feature of internal network data, Google proposed a set of parallel cluster approach based on distributed infrastructures which use the software’s ability to deal with cluster frequent node failure problem [1].Google’s cloud computing infrastructures model composed with four independent but closely linked systems. They are Google File System [2] based on the cluster file system, Google Map/Reduce programming model [3] raised according the characteristics of the applications, a distributed locking mechanism called Chubby[4], Google’s BigTable [5] which is a simplified model of large-scale distributed database.In addition to these four major parts, Google has also set up to build other cloud computing, including an area of service description language, as well as distributed locking mechanism. Literature [1] described the Google cluster approach within the building, using a large number of x86 server clusters to build the entire computing hardware infrastructure. Sawzall is a kindof language based on the Map/Reduce, which is used for large-scale information processing. Chubby is a high-availability, distributed data lock services previously cited. When the machine fails, Chubby uses the Paxos algorithm to ensure the consistency of the backup. Each unit of Chubby’s small distributed file system can be used to provide a locking mechanism.B. IBM’s Blue CloudIBM’s Blue Cloud computing platform make the Internet technology extend to the enterprise, so that the data center application can work like the Internet environment. Blue Cloud architecture can be applied to a number of scenarios: development and testing center, innovation centers, high performance computing center, enterprise data centers.Blue Cloud using the large-scale IBM computing technology, combining with IBM’s own hardware and software systems and services technology, supports open standards andopen source software. Blue Cloud basing on IBM Almaden Research Center’s cloud infrastructure, adopts virtualization software such as Xen and PowerVM, linux operation systemimages and Hadoop parallel software systems to build. Blue Cloud can help users to build cloud computing environments, which is through Tivoli, DB2, WebSphere to complete thehardware integration. Blue Cloud can help the enterprisessetting up a distributed, global accessing resource structure.Figure 2 IBM Blue Cloud ArchitectureFigure 2 shows the Blue Cloud product architecture. You can see, Blue Clue computing platform consists of a data center including IBM Trivoli Software Development Manager, IBM Tivoli monitoring software, IBM WebSphere Application Server, IBM DB2 database as well as some components of a common form of virtualization.Blue Cloud’s hardware platform is not any special place, but the Blue Cloud software platform is different from the pre-distributed platform, mainly reflected in the use of virtual machine as well as for large-scale data processing software Apach Hadoop’s deployment.C. Amazon’s Cloud ComputingAmazon called its Cloud Computing platform the Elastic Compute Cloud (referred to as EC2), which is the first corporation to provide remote computing services [6].Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud is established on the large-scale cluster computing platform within its own company, the users can operate its instance through the Elastic Compute Cloud’s network interface. Users pay only for the computing platform used by instances of payment, to run after the billing has come to an end. Instances mentioned here are controlled to run a task of a complete virtual machine. In this way, the users do not have to build their own cloud computing platform, saving equipment and maintenance costs.Amazon’s Elastic Computing Cloud developed from the exiting platform of Amazon Web services. In March 2006, Amazon launched Simple Storage Service (being called S3), the users using SOAP protocol to store and access their own data object. In July 2007, Amazon launched the Simple Queue Service (being called SQ3), this service can make a virtual host messages sent between the hosts to support data transformation between distributed processes without having to consider the issue of lost message. Amazon has continued to provide EBS (elastic block storage) services to provide users with block-level storage interface. In the provision of such infrastructure at the same time, Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud EC2 has developed a system that is open to outside developers.All in all, Amazon meets the cluster system demand of small-scale software developers by providing the elastic computing cloud, meanwhile reducing their maintenance burden. In order to further development of Elastic Compute Cloud, Amazon planned how to help the users to develop network applications on the cloud computing platform. In addition to E-Business, Cloud computing is also Amazon’s core value. It must be added more network service components modules on the elastic cloud computing platform to help the users to build the computing environment with ease.IV.T HE E –G OVERNMET BASED ON C LOUD C OMPUTINGWITHIN SEISMIC SYSTEMThrough a variety of application example of cloud computing research, combined with the characteristics of seismic system, I believe that hybrid cloud model is suitable for deployment in the earthquake. What is mixed-cloud model? Refers to the establishment of private cloud in the industry, seismic units within the system can combine the characteristics of their own private cloud deployment of different functions, such as high-performance computing cloud, innovation cloud, IDC cloud, and so software development cloud. At the same time, the various units within the system can interact with the private cloud associated with the public cloud in order to meet unexpected business needs.Figure 3 The hybrid cloud modelFigure 3 shows a hybrid cloud model, the various boards within the system established their own private cloud. Each private cloud connected through high-speed network. Such cooperation is conducive to scientific research units to carry our high-performance computing, but also makes the sharing of resources more convenient and safe. In addition, the private connected to some public clouds also. If the data within the system can not meet the excessive demand, it is easy to use public resources to enhance the seismic industry satisfaction with public services.In this paper, to the institute of Crustal Dynamics’s cloud computing center, for example, discusses its model structure. I propose the use of IBM’s Blue Cloud platform. Because of its well against the existing IT infrastructure consolidation through virtualization and automation technologies, to build new data center hardware and software resources to achieve unified management, unified distribution, unified deployment, unified monitoring and unified backup, breaking the monopoly of resources in a single operation, thus helping centers achieve the requirements of various application systems.Figure 4 shows the logic of private cloud topology. Users can submit a request through the server interface to define their own virtual body into a fit, such as server configuration, number, storage type, network environment, meanwhile the life cycle of each request is maintained by the platform. Overall system architecture includes hardware, software and services in three parts. Hardware is mainly x86 series machines or blade servers. Software components include the automatic management system and management center software required to run day to day. Server’s components include the computing data center operations and maintenance system.The monitoring and controlling of the whole system is realized in the management platform. Users can see all the hardware resources, no mater from which fraternal institutions, no matter what type, can be under unified management. Other management services such as user management, backup management, security management, all can be achieved here. In addition, the capacity management can define resources and applications, the environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the entire bureau center of the environment, software management module will integrate all applications for a resource library to achieve software management anddistribution and so on, the customer center management function is used to maintaining the entire data center customers.Seismic system constructs the E-Government based on the cloud computing has many advantages as follows, providing high-performance computing, coping with sudden great increasing network traffic caused by an earthquake, establishment of collaborative research environment, supplyingseismic data-sharing services, construction seismic science and technology network, building green seismic networkenvironment construction and so on.Figure 4 The logic of the data center topologyV. C ONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKThis article describes the characteristics of cloud computingconcept and a detailed analysis of the current more mature commercial cloud computing model. On this basis, the establishment of seismic system E-Government based on hybrid cloud computing model is proposed to provide the ITservices and promote the scientific computing ability. Believed that with the concept of cloud computing and the corresponding proposed system builds practical experience wasgained, in the near future, cloud computing will become an academic and industry research focus.R EFERENCES[1] Barroso LA, Dean J, Holzle U. Web search for a planet: The Googlecluster architecture. IEEE Micro, 2003,23(2):22-28[2] Ghemawat S, Gobioff H, Leung ST. The Google file system. In : Proc.Of the 19th ACM Symp. On Operating Systems Principles. New York: ACM Press, 2003. 29-43[3] Dean J, Ghemawa S, MapReduce: Simplified data processing on largeclusters, In: Proc. Of the 6th Symp. 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