浅谈美国名校与国内高校学生的差异及原因——从美国宾夕法尼亚大学课程的调查和实践出发
中美学生的差异
我看中美学生的差异最近看了一些有关中国教改的视频和美国教育的资料，发现由于长期中美教育教学理念的差异，所培养出来的学生就表现出明显的不同，特别是中国学生到美国留学以后，在美国老师眼中中美学生的差异较大。
主要表现在以下几方面：1、中国学生在课堂上比较自律，遵守纪律，而美国学生比较自由散漫，不拘一格。
中国学生对违反纪律、犯错误大都比较害怕，而美国学生认为犯错误理所当然，他们认为只有不断的“试错”才能找到正确的答案。
而美国老师往往也鼓励学生犯错，这样学生就可以大胆地思考、提出不同的意见，有利于培养学生的批判性思维。
他们的理念是“试错”是一种重要的学习方法。
另外，美国教育还特别重视研究性学习。
比如理科学习以项目研究为主，自己选择研究题目，写项目报告，报告不能直接抄录书本或网络上的观点、语言，引用必需注明出处，与我们大学论文基本一致，这是我们中国孩子的软肋。
2、中国学生在课堂上喜欢被动接受知识，很少发言提问，也不主动参与课堂讨论。
可以说在美国课堂里中国留学生是发言最少的人。
而美国课堂里所有老师都喜欢讨论式教学，常常让学生讨论对某个问题的看法，学生自由发言，提出观点，并指出支撑观点的依据。
美国老师只在个别时候做一些启发引导或发表一下自己的看法，激起学生进一步讨论。
美国老师的教学理念是获得知识的过程比获得知识的结论更重要，他们认为培养学生的批判性思维远比收获一两个结论重要得多。
尤其是学生毕业以后离开学校这种能力在工作中将终生受益。
可以说独立思考、质疑一切、敢于创新是美国教育的灵魂，自由是创造之母，批判性思维是创新能力的源泉，是美国教育的基石。
由于美国学生从小就在这种讨论式的课堂气氛中长大，他们也习惯于这种教学，经常主动问问题，主动参与讨论。
有的学生为了证明自己观点的正确性，不惜在课前花大量时间查阅资料。
而中国学生初次在这种课堂里会感到无所适从，常常觉得课堂里没学到什么东西而苦恼。
中国学生从小在中国课堂里习惯于听讲记笔记，被动接受老师所讲的知识。
中美留学生管理策略差异性研究
中美留学生管理策略差异性研究1. 引言1.1 背景介绍随着全球化的加速发展，越来越多的学生选择到国外留学以获取更好的教育资源和提升自己的国际竞争力。
在中美两国，留学生人数一直保持着增长的趋势。
中美两国作为世界上最大的两个留学生来源国之一，其留学生管理策略在实践中展现出一定的差异性。
中美两国在法律、政策、文化等方面存在各种差异，这也导致了在留学生管理方面出现了一些不同的做法和策略。
中美留学生管理策略的差异性主要表现在对留学生的管理方式、教育理念以及服务体系方面。
了解中美留学生管理策略的差异性，有助于加深对中美教育系统的了解，能够为留学生和留学机构在不同国家之间的交流和合作提供参考和借鉴。
研究中美留学生管理策略的差异性具有重要的现实意义和实践价值。
接下来将对中美留学生管理策略进行比较与分析，探讨影响因素，并提出策略改进建议，最后结合具体案例进行深入研究与分析。
【字数：205】1.2 研究意义中美留学生管理策略差异性研究的研究意义主要体现在以下几个方面。
中美两国是世界上留学生数量最多的国家，其留学生管理策略直接关系到留学生的学习和生活体验。
通过比较研究中美留学生管理策略的差异性，可以为提高留学生管理质量提供借鉴和参考。
研究中美留学生管理策略的差异性有助于深入了解两国不同文化背景下的教育观念和管理理念，有助于促进中美教育交流与合作。
深入研究中美留学生管理策略的差异性还有助于探讨全球化背景下不同国家间教育管理的趋势和发展方向，对于加强国际教育合作具有重要的参考意义。
通过对中美留学生管理策略差异性的研究，可以为提升留学生管理水平、促进国际教育交流、推动全球教育治理提供有益启示。
1.3 研究对象本研究的对象是中美两国的留学生管理策略。
中美两国分别拥有庞大的留学生群体，其中包括来自世界各地的学生。
这些留学生在不同国家的学习和生活，需要受到不同的管理策略的支持和指导。
中美两国的留学生管理策略存在差异，主要体现在对留学生的教育理念、管理方式、支持服务等方面。
中美两国高校本科教育改革的比较及启示
中美两国高校本科教育改革的比较及启示1 美国研究型大学本科教育改革对我国有着很好的借鉴作用在高等教育发达的美国，早在上个世纪80年代就展开了研究型大学本科教育改革，1983年4月，美国全国高教质量委员会发表了《国家在危难中，教育改革势在必行》的报告，揭开了美国大规模教育改革的序幕。
之后美国卡内基教育促进发展基金会又分别发表了《学院——美国本科生教育的经验》和《重建本科生教育：美国研究型大学发展蓝图》(又称《博耶报告》)两份报告，这两份报告指出了本科教育的8个冲突问题，并提出了改革本科教育的14点建议及10条途径。
这两份报告对美国的本科教育改革起了很大的推动作用。
报告公布后，各研究型大学都开始结合本校实际从以上十方面积极改进本科教育，掀起了研究型大学本科教育改革的浪潮。
为了了解现状、深化改革，卡内基委员会又于2001年5月开展了一次“重建本科教育：博耶报告三年之后”的调查研究。
调查对象涉及全国123所研究型大学，调查发现本科教育地位有所提高、方式有所改进，十条建议得到了相当的响应，美国高校本科教育质量得到了根本性的改变和提高，正在吸引越来越多的全世界优秀学子赴美完成本科教育。
中国当前正处在本科教育改革的关键时期，学习、借鉴美国本科教育改革的成功经验，对促进我国本科教育改革有着非常重要的意义。
2 中美高校本科教育的比较及启示笔者在2006年曾经到美国依利诺伊大学香槟分校计算机系进行过为期半年的交流学习，本文以下部分结合本人的亲身体会对比中美本科教育在培养模式、课程设置、教学方法、考试形式等方面的差异，分析当前制约我国本科教育发展的因素，从而取长补短，促进我国本科教育的改革和发展。
2.1确立以研究型学习为基础的培养模式在《博耶报告》发布之后，美国研究型大学纷纷调整本科教育的培养模式，将本科教育的重心从被动学习、接受知识转移到以研究和发现为基础的过程上来，本科学生的学习以研究为基础，充分利用研究生教育和科研项目资源为本科教育服务。
美式学校和 中国学校的区别英语作文
美式学校和中国学校的区别英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Differences Between American Schools and Chinese SchoolsIntroduction:Education is a fundamental aspect of development and growth in any society. However, the approach to education varies from country to country. In this essay, we will explore the differences between American schools and Chinese schools and how these distinctions impact the educational systems in both countries.1. Curriculum:American schools place a strong emphasis on a diverse and broad curriculum. Students have the opportunity to explore a wide range of subjects, including arts, music, sports, and technology. This allows students to develop a well-rounded education and pursue their interests in various fields.On the other hand, Chinese schools focus more on academic subjects such as mathematics, science, and language. Thecurriculum is rigorous and demanding, with a heavy emphasis on exams and academic achievement. While this approach may produce high-achieving students, it can also lead to stress and burnout among students.2. Teaching Methods:In American schools, the teaching methods are more student-centered and interactive. Teachers encourage critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration among students. Students are encouraged to ask questions, participate in discussions, and engage in hands-on learning activities.In Chinese schools, the teaching methods are more teacher-centered and traditional. Teachers play a more dominant role in the classroom, and students are expected to listen quietly and take notes. Memorization and rote learning are common practices, and there is less emphasis on critical thinking and creative problem-solving.3. Assessment:In American schools, assessment is often based on a combination of coursework, projects, presentations, and exams. Teachers use a variety of assessment methods to evaluate students' understanding and progress. Grades are not the onlymeasure of success, and teachers provide feedback to help students improve.In Chinese schools, assessment is heavily exam-oriented. Students are required to take frequent exams and tests, and their grades play a significant role in determining their academic success. There is a high-pressure environment surrounding exams, and students often spend long hours studying to achieve high scores.4. Extracurricular Activities:American schools offer a wide range of extracurricular activities, including sports, clubs, music, drama, and community service. These activities help students develop leadership skills, teamwork, and social connections. Extracurriculars are seen as an important part of a well-rounded education.Chinese schools, on the other hand, place less emphasis on extracurricular activities. The focus is primarily on academics, and students have limited opportunities to participate in sports, arts, or other activities outside the classroom. This narrow focus can limit students' social and emotional development.5. Classroom Environment:American classrooms are often vibrant and interactive, with a focus on creating a positive and inclusive learning environment. Teachers encourage students to express their opinions, share their experiences, and engage in discussions. Classrooms are often decorated with student artwork, posters, and other visual aids.Chinese classrooms are more traditional and formal, with an emphasis on discipline and respect for authority. Students are expected to behave obediently and follow rules and routines. Classrooms are usually plain and functional, with desks arranged in rows facing the teacher.Conclusion:In conclusion, American schools and Chinese schools have distinct differences in curriculum, teaching methods, assessment, extracurricular activities, and classroom environment. While both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, it is important to recognize the impact of these differences on students' learning experiences and overall development. By understanding and appreciating the diversity of educational practices, we can work towards creating more inclusive and effective educational systems worldwide.篇2Differences Between American Schools and Chinese SchoolsEducation is an essential part of any society, and different countries have diverse educational systems. In this essay, we will explore the differences between American schools and Chinese schools.1. Teaching Methods:One of the main differences between American schools and Chinese schools is the teaching methods. In American schools, the emphasis is on creativity, critical thinking, andproblem-solving skills. Teachers encourage students to think independently, ask questions, and express their opinions freely. On the other hand, Chinese schools focus more on rote memorization and repetition. Students are expected to memorize facts and information without necessarily understanding the concept behind it.2. Curriculum:American schools offer a broader and more diverse curriculum compared to Chinese schools. In the United States, students have the freedom to choose their subjects and explore their interests. They can take classes in music, art, drama, andsports in addition to the core subjects like math, science, and English. In contrast, Chinese schools have a more rigid curriculum focused on academic subjects such as math, science, and Chinese language. There is less emphasis on extracurricular activities and creative subjects.3. Grading System:The grading system in American schools is generally based on a letter grade scale (A, B, C, D, F) and GPA (Grade Point Average). Students are graded on their performance in assignments, tests, quizzes, and class participation. In Chinese schools, the grading system is more numerical, with scores ranging from 0 to 100. There is also a strong emphasis on standardized testing in China, with exams like the Gaokao determining a student's future academic and career prospects.4. Classroom Atmosphere:American classrooms are typically more relaxed and informal compared to Chinese classrooms. Teachers encourage students to participate actively in discussions and share their ideas. Collaboration and group work are common in American schools. On the other hand, Chinese classrooms are more structured and disciplined. Students are expected to listen attentively to the teacher and follow instructions without questioning authority.5. School Hours and Holidays:American schools typically have shorter school hours and longer summer holidays compared to Chinese schools. In the United States, the school year usually starts in August or September and ends in May or June. Students have holidays like Thanksgiving, Christmas, and spring break. In China, the school year starts in September and ends in July. Students have shorter holidays and longer hours of study, with intense preparation for exams like the Gaokao.In conclusion, American schools and Chinese schools have distinct differences in teaching methods, curriculum, grading system, classroom atmosphere, school hours, and holidays. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and there is much that each system can learn from the other. Ultimately, the goal of education is to prepare students for success in an increasingly globalized world, and understanding the differences between different educational systems is crucial in achieving that goal.篇3American schools and Chinese schools have many differences in terms of teaching methods, curriculum, school environment, and cultural influences. In this essay, we willexplore some of the key differences between these two educational systems.One of the primary differences between American schools and Chinese schools is the teaching philosophy. American schools focus on promoting creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills among students. Teachers often use interactive teaching methods, such as group discussions, projects, and hands-on activities, to engage students in the learning process. In contrast, Chinese schools emphasize rote memorization, test-taking, and obedience to authority. Students in China are expected to follow instructions from teachers without questioning or challenging the material presented to them.Another significant difference between American schools and Chinese schools is the curriculum. American schools offer a broad and diverse range of subjects, including music, art, physical education, and foreign languages, in addition to the core academic subjects. Students have the opportunity to choose elective courses based on their interests and career goals. In contrast, Chinese schools have a more rigid curriculum focused on math, science, and language arts. There is lessemphasis on extracurricular activities and creative expression in Chinese schools.The school environment also differs between American schools and Chinese schools. American schools often prioritize student well-being and mental health, providing counseling services, extracurricular activities, and support for students with special needs. Teachers in American schools are encouraged to build positive relationships with students and create a nurturing and inclusive classroom environment. In contrast, Chinese schools tend to have a more competitive and high-pressure atmosphere. Students are under significant academic pressure to excel in exams and achieve high grades. Teachers in Chinese schools may focus more on discipline and academic performance than on student well-being.Cultural influences also play a role in shaping the differences between American schools and Chinese schools. In the United States, there is a strong emphasis on individualism, creativity, and self-expression. American schools celebrate diversity and encourage students to express their unique talents and interests. In China, there is a greater emphasis on collectivism, conformity, and respect for authority. Chinese schools reinforce traditional values of hard work, discipline, and obedience to societal norms.Overall, American schools and Chinese schools have distinct approaches to education that reflect their cultural values and priorities. While American schools emphasize creativity, critical thinking, and student well-being, Chinese schools prioritize discipline, academic achievement, and conformity. By understanding these differences, we can appreciate the diversity of educational systems around the world and learn from each other's strengths and weaknesses.。
中国大学生与美国大学生的对比
中国大学生与美国大学生的对比引言中国和美国作为世界上最具影响力的两个国家之一，其大学教育体系也有着明显的差异。
本文将分析中国和美国大学生在教育理念、学术氛围、社交活动和就业前景等方面的对比，以期了解两国大学生的差异和共同点。
一、教育理念中国大学教育以应试为主导，注重知识的积累和考试成绩的获取。
学生们经常被大量的课程和作业压得喘不过气来，考试成绩对他们的未来产生重大影响。
相比之下，美国大学教育更加注重培养学生的创造性思维和批判性思维能力，强调培养学生的实践能力和解决问题的能力。
二、学术氛围中国大学生在学术氛围上更加严肃和竞争激烈。
他们通常会花费大量的时间和精力在学业上，追求高分和学科的深造。
与之相比，美国大学生更加注重全面发展。
他们参与各种学术、文化和社交活动，注重个人能力的提升和社区的参与。
三、社交活动中国大学生的社交活动通常限于熟悉的圈子，更多地与同学和老师交往。
而美国大学生更加注重交友和社交网络的建立。
他们经常组织聚会、参加社团和俱乐部活动，拓宽社交圈子，并与不同背景和专业的人交流。
四、就业前景中国大学生的就业压力较大，竞争激烈。
他们通常会选择热门行业，如金融、工程、医学等。
而美国大学生更加注重个人兴趣和发展。
他们通常会选择他们真正热爱和擅长的领域，并且更加注重自主创业和创新。
五、结论中国大学生和美国大学生在教育理念、学术氛围、社交活动和就业前景等方面存在明显的差异。
中国大学生注重应试和学科的深造，学术氛围严肃竞争激烈；而美国大学生注重培养创造性思维和实践能力，社交活动丰富多样。
然而，也有一些共同点，如追求个人发展和未来就业的成功。
总体而言，中国和美国的大学教育各有特色，无论是中国的应试教育还是美国的综合素质教育，都希望培养出全面发展的人才。
无论是中国大学生还是美国大学生，都是年轻一代的希望，他们将引领未来社会的发展和进步。
（注：以上内容仅供参考，可以根据实际情况进行修改和扩充）。
中国学生和美国学生的不同点英语作文
Title: The Distinguishing Differences Between Chinese and American StudentsIn the vast tapestry of global education, Chinese and American students often stand out as two distinct groups, each embodying unique cultural values, educational philosophies, and personal attributes. While both groups share a common goal of acquiring knowledge and preparing for future success, the differences in their approach, mindset, and extracurricular activities are noteworthy.Academic Focus and PressureOne of the most prominent differences lies in the academic focus and the subsequent pressure felt by students. Chinese students are often renowned for their dedication to academics and the emphasis placed on academic achievement. This is partly due to the highly competitive education system in China, where grades and test scores play a pivotal role in determining access to prestigious universities and future career prospects. As a result, Chinese students tend to invest significant time and effort into studying, often engaging in extracurricular tutoring and self-study sessions.On the other hand, American students, while still prioritizing academics, are often encouraged to pursue a more balanced lifestyle that incorporates extracurricular activities, sports, and socializing. The American education system emphasizes holistic development, valuing not just academic excellence but also creativity, critical thinking, and social skills. This approach often leads to less intense academic pressure and a more relaxed learning environment.Classroom DynamicsClassroom dynamics also differ significantly between the two groups. Chinese classrooms are often characterized by a more structured and formal atmosphere, with teachers playing a more authoritative role. Students are expected to be obedient, respectful, and attentive, with a strong emphasis on discipline and order. This environment fosters a culture of rote memorization and standardized testing, where students are trained to excel in exams.Conversely, American classrooms tend to be more interactive and collaborative, encouraging students to participate in discussions, ask questions, and challenge ideas. Teachers act as facilitators, guiding students through the learning process rather than merely imparting knowledge. This approach fosters critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills, preparing students for the dynamic and unpredictable nature of the modern workplace.Extracurricular ActivitiesAnother notable difference lies in the extracurricular activities that students engage in. Chinese students, while still participating in various clubs and hobbies, often find their schedules heavily dominated by academic pursuits. Nonetheless, those who dopursue extracurriculars tend to excel in fields such as music, dance, and martial arts, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of China.American students, on the other hand, are renowned for their involvement in a wide array of extracurricular activities, ranging from sports teams and debate clubs to theater productions and volunteer work. These activities provide students with opportunities to develop leadership skills, teamwork, and a sense of community. They also serve as avenues for personal growth and self-expression, allowing students to explore their passions and interests outside of the academic realm.ConclusionIn conclusion, while Chinese and American students share a common goal of academic success, their approaches to education, classroom dynamics, and extracurricular activities are distinctly different. These differences reflect the unique cultural values and educational philosophies of each country, shaping the experiences and outcomes of students in profound ways. Ultimately, both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and it is up to each individual student to make the most of their educational journey, regardless of where it takes place.。
震惊了!中美大学生活方式的24点差异对比
震惊了!中美大学生活方式的24点差异对比第一篇：震惊了!中美大学生活方式的24点差异对比每个国家的生活方式不同，在中国，大众的观点“白才是美”。
而美国人都是努力出去晒太阳硬是把自己的皮肤晒得黝黑黝黑的。
除此之外，美国和咱们中国到底有多少不一样? 一位在美国的留学生列举了24点美国生活和中国生活的差异性，让人大吃一惊。
震惊了！中美大学生活方式的24点差异对比1、年龄限制(Ages)在美国，13岁女孩子化妆，16岁拿驾照，18岁抽烟，21岁才能喝酒，性行为无限制(针对现状来说)。
大多数女孩子最晚在13岁就开始化妆了，很多人都评论：美国女人怎么那么早就老了呀，而且年龄还保密，皮肤那么差跟化妆有关吧!16岁就能考驾照?这种可能在中国只能是比较富一点的孩子才能享受到的吧，恰恰相反，在美国的高中二年级时，学校统一有DriversEducation驾驶课，注重理论和实践教学，而且只要考试都及格就能在9个月后拿到驾照。
18岁抽烟是很正常的啦。
21岁才能喝酒，当我向我那些美国同学介绍中国很多地区对喝酒年龄的松懈之后，他们都羡慕，哇，我也好想到中国去!2、多元化课程(Classes)在我们学校里，我除了上英，数，理，化主科之外，还有上烹饪课，驾驶课，神话课，装修课。
有人说，什么?神话课?幼儿园?其实美国课本上也有跟中国古代很相似的神话哦，不过主要围着古希腊宙斯Zeus讲的。
现在回想起来，是不是感觉中国的传统式教育好枯燥呢?3、丰富的课堂知识(Knowledge)体育的英文简称PE(Physical education)，意为身体上的教育，但不仅是健康教育，而且是身体上的保护。
Defense和Offense为防御和进攻，老师会去教学生当遇到危险时，怎么去应付坏人。
在中国的体育课，很多学校缺乏这样有意义的教育。
在烹饪课学会了在生活中的味道，在驾驶课学会了享受便利旅游的快感，在技术课上学会了电脑的构造和创造意想不到的机器人……一切崇尚创造，注重实践!4、上课的方式(The way for school)在中国的上课方式是老师找学生，而美国上课却是学生找老师。
美国学校与中国学校不同英语作文
美国学校与中国学校不同英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Stark Differences Between American and Chinese SchoolsAs an international student who has experienced both the American and Chinese education systems, I can attest to the vastly different approaches these two countries take towards schooling. From teaching styles and classroom environments to grading systems and extracurricular activities, the contrasts are stark.In China, the emphasis is heavily placed on rote memorization, repetition, and standardized testing from a very young age. Students spend long hours poring over textbooks, reciting facts and formulas to ensure they can regurgitate the information flawlessly on high-stakes exams. The classrooms are typically crowded, with upwards of 40-50 students all facing the teacher in rows of cramped desks.The teacher is viewed as the ultimate authority figure, whose words are gospel and rarely questioned. Lectures are one-way,with little to no interaction or opportunities for students to ask questions or share their thoughts. Creativity and critical thinking are not prioritized - it's all about absorbing and retaining the materials exactly as presented.In contrast, American classrooms feel like a breath of fresh air. With smaller class sizes of around 20-30 students, the environment is far more intimate and conducive to active learning. Teachers encourage discussions, debates, and the free exchange of ideas. Students are empowered to challenge concepts they don't understand, analyze information from multiple angles, and develop their own perspectives.The emphasis is on cultivating critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and learning how to learn rather than just memorizing facts. Group projects, presentations, and hands-on activities are commonplace, fostering collaboration and application of knowledge. Classrooms often have flexible seating arrangements that facilitate this interactive approach.Grading systems also differ greatly. In China, scoring is based almost entirely on exam performance, with little to no weight given to homework, participation, or projects. An entire year's worth of effort boils down to just one or two crucial examscores. The pressure is immense, leading to endlessly cramming and tutorial sessions.American grading is more holistic, with scores comprising various components like tests, quizzes, essays, presentations, and class participation. There's less simpledo excessive exam stress, as grades are constantly updated throughout the semester based on multiple assignments. The scoring system values consistent effort over performance on just a couple of high-stakes tests.Extracurricular activities and student life comprise another area of stark contrast. In China, free time is virtually non-existent due to overwhelming homework loads and extra tutoring hours after school. Students are expect to devote every waking hour to academics above all else.American schools, on the other hand, place great importance on extracurricular clubs, sports teams, volunteer work, and allowing students to explore diverse interests outside the classroom. There's a strong emphasis on achieving balance, developing well-rounded individuals, and not defining your entire worth by academic performance alone.Overall, the Chinese education model is more regimented, rigid, and focused squarely on testing and memorization aboveall else. Students have little freedom, autonomy, or opportunities for creative expression. The American system, despite its flaws, allows for much more flexibility, individuality, and the chance to develop a multitude of skills beyond just book knowledge.Neither system is perfect, and both have their share of critics. The Chinese approach produces incredible students when it comes to standardized testing, math performance, and objective academic measures. But the intense pressure and lack of creative outlets takes a heavy psychological toll.American schools are often criticized for being too lax, unstructured, and not doing enough to rigorouslyinstill core knowledge. Students may develop amazing creative skills but sometimes lack the memorization and discipline ingrained by Chinese education.From my personal experience, I've found the American classroom environment to be far more enjoyable and intellectually stimulating. There's a refreshing openness that encourages curiosity, questioning, and divergent thinking rather than just blind obedience. Class discussions spark new ideas and let students' personalities shine.At the same time, there are aspects of Chinese education I appreciate, such as the strong work ethic, commitment tomastering foundational skills, and emphasis on mastering subjects rather than just skating by. A willingness to put in long hours of hard work is ingrained from Day 1.The ideal educational approach likely lies somewhere in the middle - combining the engaging interactive instruction of American schools with the rigor, discipline, and hard work ethic of Chinese education. Taking the best aspects of both worlds to create a more balanced, creativity-meets-mastery model.For now, the differences remain stark, with American and Chinese systems seemingly existing at opposite ends of the pedagogical spectrum. As a student who has been immersed in both, I've gained an appreciation for the unique strengths, challenges, and philosophical underpinnings of each approach. Both have played an instrumental role in shaping who I am today.篇2Comparing American and Chinese Schools: A Student's PerspectiveAs an international student who has experienced both the American and Chinese education systems, I can attest to the stark differences between the two. From teachingmethodologies to campus cultures, the contrasts are profound and have shaped my academic journey in distinct ways.Academic Rigor and ExpectationsOne of the most striking distinctions lies in the academic rigor and expectations placed upon students. In Chinese schools, the emphasis is heavily skewed towards rigorous memorization, rote learning, and preparation for high-stakes exams like the Gaokao (the national college entrance examination). The curriculum is highly structured, leaving little room for creative expression or exploration of personal interests.In contrast, American schools tend to prioritize critical thinking, problem-solving, and independent learning. The teaching methods are more interactive, encouraging students to engage in discussions, ask questions, and challenge established ideas. While standardized tests still play a role, there is a greater emphasis on project-based learning and developingwell-rounded skillsets.Classroom EnvironmentThe classroom environments in American and Chinese schools also differ significantly. Chinese classrooms are often characterized by strict discipline, with students expected toremain silent and attentive throughout the lessons. Teachers are regarded as authoritative figures, and questioning or challenging their teachings is generally discouraged.American classrooms, on the other hand, foster a more relaxed and interactive atmosphere. Students are encouraged to participate actively, voice their opinions, and engage in debates with their peers and teachers. The teacher-student relationship is more informal, with teachers often acting as facilitators rather than lecturers.Extracurricular ActivitiesExtracurricular activities play a crucial role in the American educational experience, offering students opportunities to explore their talents, develop leadership skills, and engage in various interests beyond the classroom. From sports teams and clubs to community service and internships, these activities are highly valued and often factor into college applications.In contrast, extracurricular activities in Chinese schools tend to be more limited and focused primarily on academic competitions or additional tutoring sessions. The emphasis is predominantly on academic achievement, with less emphasis placed on personal growth and exploration outside the core curriculum.Campus LifeCampus life in American schools is vibrant and diverse, with a strong emphasis on creating a sense of community. Students have access to a wide range of facilities, including modern libraries, state-of-the-art laboratories, and recreational centers. Dormitories and dining halls foster social connections and independence.Chinese school campuses, while often well-equipped, tend to be more focused on academics than on fostering a robust campus culture. Dormitories are typically austere, and social activities are generally limited, as students are expected to dedicate most of their time to studying.Career PreparationWhile both education systems aim to prepare students for future careers, their approaches differ. American schools place a strong emphasis on developing transferable skills, such as communication, teamwork, and critical thinking, which are highly valued in the job market. Career counseling and internship opportunities are widely available to help students explore potential career paths.In contrast, Chinese schools tend to concentrate more on preparing students for specific professions or academic disciplines. The focus is often on equipping students with the specialized knowledge and technical skills required for their chosen fields, with less emphasis on developing broader soft skills.ConclusionReflecting on my experiences in both American and Chinese schools, I have come to appreciate the strengths and weaknesses of each system. The Chinese approach instilled in me a strong work ethic, discipline, and a deep respect for academic rigor. However, the American system challenged me to think critically, express myself confidently, and explore my passions beyond the confines of the classroom.Ultimately, both education systems have their merits and drawbacks, and neither is inherently superior to the other. The key lies in recognizing their differences and embracing the unique opportunities each provides for personal growth and academic development. As an international student, I am grateful for the chance to experience the best of both worlds, which has enriched my perspective and prepared me for the challenges of an increasingly globalized society.篇3Comparing American and Chinese Schools: A Student's PerspectiveAs an international student who has experienced both the American and Chinese education systems, I've come to realize that they differ significantly in various aspects. From teaching methodologies to classroom dynamics, the contrasts between these two countries' approaches to education are profound. In this essay, I will delve into the key distinctions that have left an indelible mark on my academic journey.Teaching Styles and Classroom Environment:One of the most striking differences lies in the teaching styles employed in American and Chinese classrooms. In China, the traditional approach leans heavily towards teacher-centered instruction, where the educator is viewed as the primary source of knowledge. Lectures and rote learning are common, with students expected to diligently absorb and memorize the information presented. Conversely, American classrooms tend to foster a more student-centered learning environment. Teachers often act as facilitators, encouraging active participation, criticalthinking, and group discussions. The emphasis is placed on fostering independent thought and problem-solving skills.Curriculum and Academic Rigor:The curricula in American and Chinese schools also exhibit noteworthy disparities. Chinese education places a strong emphasis on core subjects such as mathematics, science, and language arts. The curriculum is highly structured, with a clear progression from one grade level to the next. Homework and rigorous exams are paramount, as academic excellence is highly valued. In contrast, American curricula tend to be more diverse, incorporating a wider range of subjects, including the arts, social sciences, and electives. While core subjects are still prioritized, there is often room for exploration and personal interests.Extracurricular Activities and Well-Rounded Development:Another significant difference lies in the approach to extracurricular activities and overall student development. In American schools, extracurricular activities are highly encouraged and considered an integral part of a well-rounded education. Students are expected to participate in sports, clubs, or artistic pursuits alongside their academic studies. These activities are seen as opportunities for personal growth, socialization, and the development of leadership skills.Conversely, in Chinese schools, the primary focus is on academic achievement, with extracurricular activities often taking a backseat. The pressure to excel academically can leave little time for outside interests.Classroom Discipline and Student-Teacher Relationships:The dynamics between students and teachers in American and Chinese classrooms also differ substantially. In Chinese classrooms, there is often a greater emphasis on discipline and respect for authority. Students are expected to maintain a high level of decorum and follow the teacher's instructions without question. In contrast, American classrooms tend to foster a more relaxed and collaborative relationship between students and teachers. While respect is still expected, students are encouraged to voice their opinions, ask questions, and engage in open discussions.Parental Involvement and Expectations:Parental involvement and expectations also play a significant role in shaping the educational experiences of students in both countries. In China, parents often have high academic expectations for their children, investing considerable time and resources into their education. Tutoring and extra classes are common, and parents closely monitor their children's academicprogress. In the United States, while parental involvement is valued, there is generally a greater emphasis on allowing children to develop their own interests and passions. Parents may provide support and guidance, but the ultimate responsibility for academic success often lies with the student.Assessment and Evaluation Methods:The methods used to assess and evaluate student performance also differ between American and Chinese schools. In China, standardized exams and test scores carry immense weight, often serving as the primary determinant of a student's academic success and future prospects. The emphasis is on quantitative measures of knowledge acquisition. Conversely, in American schools, while standardized tests are still important, there is a greater emphasis on continuous assessment through projects, presentations, and classroom participation. The evaluation process aims to measure not only knowledge but also critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills.Societal and Cultural Influences:Finally, it is crucial to acknowledge the societal and cultural factors that shape educational systems in both countries. In China, the traditional emphasis on academic excellence and respect for authority stems from deeply ingrained cultural valuesand the competitive nature of the education system. In contrast, the American approach to education is influenced by values such as individualism, personal expression, and the pursuit of diverse interests.While these comparisons highlight the significant differences between American and Chinese schools, it is important to recognize that both systems have their strengths and weaknesses. The Chinese approach fosters discipline, rigor, and a strong foundation in core subjects, while the American system nurtures creativity, critical thinking, and well-rounded development.As an international student, navigating these contrasting educational environments has been both challenging and rewarding. I have come to appreciate the unique perspectives and values that each system brings to the table. Ultimately, the goal of education should be to equip students with the knowledge, skills, and mindset necessary to thrive in an increasingly globalized world.In conclusion, the differences between American and Chinese schools are vast and multifaceted, spanning teaching methodologies, curricula, extracurricular activities, classroom dynamics, and societal expectations. While neither system isperfect, embracing the strengths of both approaches can pave the way for a more well-rounded and enriching educational experience for students worldwide.。
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右， 每个学生可以享受到的资源 比较多。这一点与国内重点 高校差别还是 比较明显 ， 国内重点高校资源也很丰富 ， 但是
前十的私立综合性大学 ，也是八所常青藤盟校之一。宾夕 法尼亚大学的艺术 、 人文 、 社会科学 、 建筑与工程教育都处 于领先地位 ， 在美 国名校中十分具有代表性 。 通过旁听以及对部分学生的调查等方式让我详细的了 解 了宾大的教学资源 、 课 程设计 以及课堂的具体情况 。再 结合 自己的国内教学经历 ，我想对上面的两个问题提一点 自己的看法 ，希望从中能汲取一些有益于国内高校课 堂教
学 的经 验 和方 式 。
一
由于学生人数庞大 ， 各种资源的人均 占有量就非常少了。当 然这是国情差异， 需要时间去改善。在这里我们不想论及此 类问题。本文想谈论的重点主要是教师教学和学生学习上。 首先 ， 从课程选择上来看 ， 在宾大除了专业必修课 外 ， 其他大部分课都是全校公选课 ，也有很多学生选修了 自己 专业 之外 的课程。在我旁 听的一门人类学 系的ｐ ｏ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｙ ａ ｎ ｄ Ａ ｒ ｃ ｈ ａ ｅ ｏ ｌ ｏ ｇ ｙ 课程中就有沃顿商学院的学生 。而这个学生告 诉我 ，他们老师要求至少要选一 门人类学或者艺术史 的课 程 ，而大部分学生会根据 自己的兴趣去选择专业课之外 的 课程 ， 这样既可以拓展 自己视野 ， 也可以感受不同学科的差 异； 国内高校的学生除了政治和英语外 ， 其他 的课程大都是
关键词 ： 高校教学 ； 实践； 差异 中图分类号 ： Ｇ ６ ４ ２ ． ０ 文献标志码 ： Ａ
文章编号 ： １ ６ ７ ４ — ９ ３ ２ ４ （ ２ ０ １ ４ ） １ ８ — ０ １ ３ ２ 一 ｏ ３
英国 “ 泰晤士报 高等教育副刊” （ Ｔ ｉ ｍ ｅ ｓ Ｈ ｉ ｇ ｈ ｅ ｒ Ｅ ｄ ｕ ｃ ａ －
２ ０ １ ４年 ４ 月 第 １ ８ 期
教 ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 教 学 论 坛
Ｅ ＤＵ Ｃ ＡＴＩ ＯＮ ＴＥ ＡＣＨ Ｉ Ｎ Ｇ Ｆ ＯＲＵ Ｍ
Ａｐ ｒ ． ２ ０１ ４ ＮＯ． １８
浅谈 美国名校 与国 内高校学 生的差异及原 因
— —
从 美 国宾夕法尼亚大学课程 的调查和 实践 出发
与专业 相 关 的 ， 基 本 上局 限在 某一 领域 中。
、
国 内外 高校 教学 及 学生 的差 异
在宾夕法尼亚大学教育资源是非常丰富的， 这些资源不 仅包括硬件设施 ， 还包括强大的师资力量， 这里有４ ５ ０ ０ 名教 授， 而全 日制本科生和研究生人数大体相当， 都在一万人左
我整个的生命 和全部精力都献给最壮丽的事业——为人类 的解放而斗争。” ’ 如此 ， 生命才有意义。 在 这个 有 点浮夸 的社 会 里 ， 在 新一 轮课 改 波涛 中 ， 教 师 这个角色承载着很多的责任和压力 ， 要一专多能， 要成为多 面手 ， 不然会被淘汰出局。但是无论怎样 ， 爱 岗敬业是最起 码的要求。教师无非是奉献 ， 知识 的传播是一方面 ， 道德榜 样的树立是更重要的一方面。要做到爱岗敬业 ，除了要有 宽松和谐的人文环境 ， 相应对等的物质生活 ， 少一层升学 的 压力这些客观因素之外 ，教师本身也可以通过各种途径来 提升 自己， 减少倦怠感 、 减少抱怨 ， 增强 自身对外界的免疫
邵会秋
（ 吉林大学 边疆考古研究中心 ， 吉林 长春 １ ３ ０ ０ １ ２ ）
摘要 ： 众所周知， 美国拥有众 多的世界名校 ， 是无可争议的第一教 育强 国。而国内的高校与美 国名校存在着很 大的差 距。本文 以宾夕法尼亚大学的访 问学习经历为基 础 ， 过旁听以及时部 分学生的调查等方式详细 了解 那里的教 学资源、 课 程设计 以及课 堂的具体情况。再结合 自己的 国内教 学经历 ， 分析美国名校 与国内高校学生的差异及其原 因， 并提 出一 些 改进 国内高校课 堂教学的经验和方式的想法。
问这些名校的学生与国内高校学生最大的不同是什么？又 是什么样原因导致 了这种差异 呢？笔者有幸于２ ０ １ ２ －２ ０ １ ３ 年在美国宾夕法尼亚大学做了为期一年的访问学者。宾夕 法尼亚大学 （ Ｕ ｎ ｉ ｖ ｅ ｒ ｓ ｉ ｔ ｙ ｏ ｆ Ｐ ｅ ｎ ｎ ｓ ｙ ｌ ｖ ａ ｎ ｉ ａ ， 以下 简称宾大 ） ， 位 于美 国东部宾夕法尼亚州 的费城市 ，是世界著名大学排名
其次 ， 从课程数量上看， 宾大学生每学期选择课程不会 超过５ 门， 很 多学生都选大约３ ～ ４ １ ＇ － ］ 课程 。虽然课程数量不 多， 但是 因为每门课程都有大量的文献要阅读 ， 都有各种作 业要交 ， 而且都要准备课堂主题发言 ， 这将耗费他们大量的 课外时间和精力 ， 再加上期中和期末考试 ， 每个学生都非常 的繁忙。 可 以说他们一学期根本无法顺利完成超过５ １ ＇ ｑ 的课 程； 而 国内高校学生每学期的课程要多得多 ， 很多学生最多 认识事物， 学会理解 、 学会宽容 ， 不会随波逐流。 腹有诗书气 自华 ， 魅力教师的身上总是散发着书香 、 流淌着儒雅之风 。 旅 行 和读 书会让 我们 的眼界 和 思想更 开 阔 ， 上课时， 信手 拈 来， 驾轻就熟 ， 左右逢源 ， 妙语连珠 ， 把一堂无趣的课上成 了 有趣的课 ， 学生怎能不喜欢呢？ 人这辈子只有两万多天， 一天 只有二十四小时， 特别是 我们教师 ， 较之于其他行业承受太多 ， 但无可否认的是教师 这个职业也充满了意义。 在我们手里 的这些学生 ， 是一个个