英语数词的用法及专项练习.doc

英语数词的用法及专项练习数词是表示数量多少或顺序先后的词.分为基数词和序数词.（一）基数词1. 表示数量多少的词是基数词，如：one, two, three 等 .2. 数词的构成1）从 1－ 12分别由从 one到 twelve ， 12个各不相同的词表示.one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2）从 13－ 19均以后缀 -teen结尾 .thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen3）从 20－ 90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾 .表示“几十几”时，个位和十位之间需加连字符. twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two43 forty-three4）整百数由 1—9加 hundred构成 .100 one (a) hundred500 five hundred5) 整百数和整十数之间由and连接，十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”.如果十位数为零，那就在百位和个位之间用and连接 .101 one hundred and two 245 two hundred and forty- five6）千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billionExercise:写出下列数字12 14 2040 90 19400 60035 783056782、序数词序数词表示排列顺序，如first, second, third 等 .构成规则：1) 序数词第一、第二和第三为first, second 和 third, 其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加th.例如：six → sixth seven→ seventh→ tenth four→ fourth2) fifth( 第五 )、 eigth ( 第八 )、 ninth ( 第九 )和 twelfth ( 第十二 )在拼法上有变化.first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth3) 二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时,要把 y变成 ie再加 -th.例如：twenty → twentieth forty→ fortiethtwentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth4) 基数词几十几变成序数词时 ,表示几十的数词不变 ,只把表示几的基数词变成序数词 .例如： twenty-one →twenty-first forty- five → forty-fifth5） .序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成.例如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th6)序数词前必须加定冠词 theThe first time I came to China, I liked it very much.我第一次来中国，我就非常喜欢这个国家.The first is always better than the second.第一总是比第二好.She will choose the third. 她将选择第三 .Exercise:把下列基数词改成序数词.one two threefive nine eightfourteen twentythirty-five3.数词的应用1）时刻的表示法A 、表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的o'clock5:00 读作 five o'clock 或 fiveB、半点的表示法表示半点钟时，用“钟点数 + thirty或”“half+ past +钟点数”表示2: 30 two thirty / half past two8:30 eighty thirty / half past eightyC、“几点几分”的表示法（ 1）用“钟点数 +分钟数”表示7： 10 seven ten 9： 40 nine forty（ 2）分钟数在 30分钟以内的，用“分钟数+ past +钟点数”表示，意为“几点过几分“7： 10 ten past seven10:15 fifteen past ten / a quarter past ten（ 3）分钟数超过 30分钟的，用“（ 60-分钟数） + to + 下一个钟点数”表示，意为“差几分到几点”10:40 twenty to eleven 2 : 45 fifteen to three / a quarter to threeExercise: 用英语表示下列时间10: 058: 3012:101:155:479:233:5111:496:007:222)编号的表示法编号既可以用序数词,也可用基数词 .the tenth lesson Lesson Ten 第十课the fiftieth page page 50 第五十页有的编号习惯上常用基数词.例如：Room 321( 读作 three two one)321 号房间Tel.No.4013586( 读作 Telephone number four 0 one three five eight six)电话号码 40135863）年、月、日的表示法英语中表示日期的顺序通常为月日年或日月年.1、月、日的表示法“月”用英语中表示月份的名词，“日”用基数词或序数词表示都可以. 7月 8日 July 8(July eight) / July 8th ( July the eighth)10月 1日 October 1 ( October one) / October 1st ( October the first)2、年的表示法1983 → nineteen eighty-three1700 → seventeen hundred1870 → eighteen seventy2008 → two thousand and eight1601 → sixteen and one或 sixteen hundred and one965 → nine sixty-five3、年、月、日的表示法1986 年9月 1日 September 1st, 1986 / 1st September, 19862011 年8月 8日 August 8, 2011 / 8th August, 2011Exercise:用英语表示下列日期11月 1号2月 10号5月 22号9月 17号10月 3号12 月 19号四、课堂练习1）根据括号中的数字填写合适的序数词或基数词（写单词）.1、 Bill is （ 14） years old , he is in Class （ 2）Grade （ 6） .2、 My birthday is on the （ 3）of March .3、 September is the （ 9） month in a year .4、 Which boy is thinner , the （ 1）one or the （2） one ?5、 There are （ 55） students in our class .2）单项选择( )1． There are ___________ days in a year．A ． three hundred and sixty fiveB ． three hundred and sixty-fiveC． three hundreds and sixty five D ． three hundreds and sixty — five( )2． Danny lives in __________ ．A ． room 404B ． Room 404C ． 404 roomD ． 404 Room( )3． Jim is in __________ ．A ． class one， grade six B． grade one，class sixC． Class One， Grade Six D ． Grade One, Class Six( )4． The bike cost me _________ yuan ．A ． five hundred fortyB ． five hundreds fourtyC． five hundred and forty D ． five hundred fourty( )5． My telephone number is ____________ ．A ． eighty eight two forty four zero nineB ． eight eight two double four O nineC． eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D ． eight eight two four four zero nine ( )6． Is there any food for us _________?A ． tenB ． tenth C． the tenth D ． the ten( )7． Mary is _________ girl ．A. an 8 year old B ． 8一years— oldC． the 8 years old D ． an 8一 year— old( )8．— What day is today? — ___________A ． June B． Tuesday C． It is hot D ． It ’ s fine( )9．— What’ s the date today?— ___________A ． It ’ s SaturdayB． It ’ s JulyC． It ’ s fineD ． It ’ s JuIy 15( )10 ．—What time do you get up every day?A ． It ’ s seven o ’ clockB．Seven o ’ clock timeC． At seven D ． On seven五课后作业1． There are ___________ days in a year．A ． three hundred and sixty fiveB ． three hundred and sixty-fiveC．three hundreds and sixty five D ． three hundreds and sixty— five( )2． Danny lives in __________ ．A ． room 404B ． Room 404 C． 404 room D ． 404 Room( )3． Jim is in __________ ．A ． class one，grade sixB ． grade one， class sixC．Class One，Grade Six D ． Grade One Class Six( )4． The bike cost me _________ yuan ．A ． five hundred fortyB ． five hundreds fourtyC．five hundred and forty D ． five hundred fourty( )5． My telephone number is ____________ ．A ． eighty eight two forty four zero nineB ．eight eight two double four O nine C．eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D ． eight eight two four four zero nine ( )6． Is there any food for us _________?A ． tenB ． tenth C． the tenth D ． the ten( )7． Mary is _________ girl ．A. an 8 year old B ． 8一years— oldC．the 8 years old D ．an 8一 year— old( )8．— What day is today? — ___________A ． June B．Tuesday C． It is hot D ． It ’ s fine( )9．— What’ s the date today?—A ． It ’ s Saturday．BIt ’ s July．CIt ’ s fine．DIt ’ s JuIy 15( )10 ．— What time do you get up every day?A ． It ’ s seven o’ clock．SevenB o’ clock time C．At seven D．On seven。