现在完成时延续性动词
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词的探讨在日常生活中，我们常常会遇到一些需要表达持续时间的场合，这时候就需要用到延续性动词。
而现在完成时作为一种表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响的情况，也常常涉及到延续性动词的使用。
那么，如何将瞬间动词变成延续性动词呢？本文将从理论和实践两个方面进行探讨。
一、理论分析1.1 瞬间动词与延续性动词的区别我们需要了解什么是瞬间动词和延续性动词。
瞬间动词是指表示短暂动作的动词，如“吃”、“喝”等；而延续性动词则是指表示持续性动作的动词，如“吃饱”、“喝够”等。
从这个定义可以看出，瞬间动词和延续性动词的主要区别在于动作的持续时间。
瞬间动词的动作持续时间较短，而延续性动词的动作持续时间较长。
1.2 现在完成时与延续性动词的关系现在完成时是用来表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响的一种时态。
在这个时态中，我们需要使用到延续性动词来表示动作的持续性。
例如，“我已经吃饱了”表示的是过去发生的动作(吃)对现在的影响(已经吃饱了)。
这里的“吃饱了”就是一个延续性动词。
二、实践应用2.1 瞬间动词变延续性动词的方法要将瞬间动词变成延续性动词，我们可以采用以下几种方法：(1) 在瞬间动词后面加上“够”、“了”等词语。
例如，“我已经吃饱了”中的“吃饱了”就是通过在“吃”后面加上“够了”实现的。
这种方法比较简单，但需要注意的是，有些词语并不能直接与瞬间动词搭配，如“看”、“听”等。
这时，我们可以使用“看完”、“听完”等词语来替代。
(2) 将瞬间动词变为动名词。
例如，“我吃完饭就去睡觉”可以改为“我吃完饭后就去睡觉”。
这里，“吃饭”变成了动名词“吃饭”，实现了从瞬间动词到延续性动词的转变。
这种方法适用于大多数情况，但需要注意的是，动名词本身并不具备时态的意义，因此在使用时需要注意上下文的时态。
2.2 现在完成时变延续性动词的例子下面我们通过几个例子来说明如何将现在完成时变为目标时态。
现在完成时 延续性动词
（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.I have spent all of my money.(现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(现在桌子已经摆好了.)Michael has been ill.(现在仍然很虚弱)He has returned from abroad. (现在已在此地)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段为。
时间②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.●注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。
要改变动词come/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadBuy---haveFall ill---be illCome back---be backPut on ---be on/wearWorry---be worriedCatch a cold---have a cold………………★1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.★2、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.★3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?★4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.★5、用wear代替put onb)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词1“be＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代get up3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go(arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to编辑本段常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been closed/opened6. have got up → have been up；7. have died → have been dead；8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；11. havemarried → have been ma rried；12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…编辑本段用法注意： 1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for,since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately 等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, thismorning/week/month/year, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6.现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
现在完成时延续性动词与非延续(瞬间性)动词
• It began to rain at eight yesterday morning .(正)又如：
• -When did you get to know Jack?
• -Two years ago.
•Then you've known each other for more th an two years.
• 一、延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:
• for+一段时间,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since从句, 如：since he came here;
• since+时间点名词, 如：since last year, since 5 days ago; how long等。
• 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时 间"状语连用。如： It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误 ) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间 "，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示 一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get 等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为
• 如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long，ect.且看下面三个错误句子：
• 1)Jim has come here for five years.
• 2)He has died for 3 years.
• 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状 语连用。
eg. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.
现在完成时延续性动词
现在完成时延续性动词延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久地继续下去或能产生持久的影响。
这类动词有：contain，have，hold， lie，live，make，sit，rain，sleep，stand，study，wait， wear，work等。
此外，表示状态、感情、思维等动词，如：believe，consider，hate，hope，know，like，love，respect，think，understand，wish等也属延续性动词。
要表示状态和延续性动作时必须要用延续性动词。
如：错：This book has been put on the desk for a week. 对：This book has been lying on the desk for a week. 这本书已经在桌子上放一个星期了。
错：Men put on suits when they atten d meetings. 对：Men wear suits when they atten d meetings. 男人在开会的时候穿西装。
非延续性动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时间完成的。
这类动词有add，admit，answer，arrive，ask， attack，begin，break，bring，buy，catch ，close，come， die，discover，fall，do，leave ，open，put on，sell， start，stay，stop，retur n，take off等。
要表示非延续性动作时必须用非延续性动词，不可用延续性动词。
如：错：When did she know my e-mall address?对：When did she get to know my e-mail address? 她什么时候知道我的e-mail地址？●延续性动词如果要表示瞬时的动作，则需借助come， begin，get等一时性动词。
短暂性动词-延续性动词和现在完成时
短暂性动词-延续性动词和现在完成时短暂性动词-延续性动词和现在完成时短暂性动词，延续性动词和现在完成时延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。
如：live, work, study, learn, sleep 等，延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。
短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。
它不能和一段时间连用。
这类动词有：go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry 等；★在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.★短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for 或since 或how long 等状语连用。
★值得注意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了“for+一段时间”外，还有since+n./从句（时间点），since+时间段+ago ，疑问词how long ，in the past+时间段，all these+时间段，from…to （时间点）以及till/until+n./句子等等。
例如：.I have received his letter for three days （×） I have received his letter.（√）How long did she leave .（×） How long has she been away? (√)★★★如果短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，必须将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。
现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive →be here ★除了用上面的转化形式之外，还可以用其他的表达形式：A. It is 或者 It has been+时间+since……（动词用过去式），B.主语+谓语（过去时）+时间+ago 。
例如：It’s five days since I received his letter.arrive →be herebegin(start)→be ondie →be deadcome back →be backleave →be away (from)fall ill(asleep)→beill( asleep) get up →be up go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open close →be closed join →be in/ be a member of go to school →be a student borrow →keep buy/get →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study →study come to work →work move to → live in finish/end → be over come to → be in sit down → be seatedHis father died three years ago.看一个句子可以用以下几种说法：他离开上海已经3天了。
延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用
延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用
延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用有一些区别。
1.延续性动词：
延续性动词表示持续的动作或状态，常见的有live（住）、work
（工作）、study（学习）、wait（等待）等。
在现在完成时态中，延续
性动词通常用来表示一个动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并且可能
会继续下去。
例如：
- I have lived in this city for 10 years.（我在这个城市住了
10年了。
）
2.非延续性动词：
非延续性动词表示瞬间动作或不可数的状态，常见的有arrive（到达）、die（死亡）、finish（完成）、know（知道）等。
在现在完成时
态中，非延续性动词通常用来表示一个动作已经完成或一个状态已经发生，没有持续的时间。
例如：
- She has arrived at the airport.（她已经到达了机场。
）
- The project has finished.（项目已经完成了。
）
- I have known him since childhood.（我从小就认识他了。
）
需要注意的是，有些动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词，根据上下文来决定其使用方式。
比如，动词sleep（睡觉）可以是延
续性动词，表示持续的睡眠状态，也可以是非延续性动词，表示一次性的睡眠动作。
现在完成时常见的延续性动词及练习
现在完成时常见的延续性动词及练习常见的延续性动词有：learn（学习）; work（工作）; live（居住）; know（知道）; walk （散步）; watch（观看）; sleep（睡觉）; stay（呆，逗留）; wait（等候，等待）; keep（保持）; last（持续）等等。
常见的非延续性动词有：open（打开）；close（关闭）; die（死，去世）; leave（离开）; begin（开始）; come（来）; go（去）; borrow（借入）; lend（借出，借给）; buy（买）; move （移动）; join（加入）等等。
非延续性动词可以用现在完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但不能和段时间连用。
在否定句中非延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
非延续性动词可以和延续性动词转换：1．转换成与其意思相对应的延续性动词buy——have borrow——keep put on——wear;catch a cold——have a cold have got——have2．转换成“be+形容词、副词、介词、名词”的形式。
come / go / arrive——be in / at +地点begin / start——be onfinish / end / stop——be over open——be openclose——be closed die——be deadleave——be away fall asleep——be asleepjoin——be a member of / be in come back——be backbecome—— be wake up——be awake延续性动词和非延续性动词的练习1．— How long have you________ your cap? It looks cool.— About two weeks.A. borrowedB. boughtC. hadD. lent2．— Where are the teachers now?— In the meeting room. They __________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A. have begunB. have been onC. have hadD. have been held 3．— Is everyone here, Jonathan?— No, Sir. Millie is absent. She __________ for two days.A. has fallen illB. has been illC. fell illD. was ill4．— The new skirt looks good on you. When did you buy it?— On July 7th. I _________ it for a week.A. have boughtB. have hadC. boughtD. buy5．— It's 20 years since we came back to Liangshan.— How time flies! We _________ in our hometown for such a long time.A. workB. workedC. has workedD. have worked 6．Bob, you ________ in this city since 2018. How do you like it?A. livedB. liveC. have livedD. lives7．My father has _________ for five years.A. diedB. been deadC. deadD. been died8．We ________ from our hometown for about ten years.A. have been awayB. have leftC. have awayD. was away9．The film ________ for about ten minutes.A. has begunB. has startedC. beganD. has been on10．The shop __________ since last month.A. has openedB. has been openC. openedD. was openhave been（to）与have gone（to）的区别及用法：have been（to）表示某人去过某地，已经回来了。
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结现在完成时是英语中一种重要的时态形式，用于表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在造成的影响或结果。
在现在完成时中，有两类常见的动词形式，即瞬间动词与延续性动词。
本文旨在总结现在完成时中瞬间动词如何变成延续性动词的规则和特点。
1. 延续性动词的定义：延续性动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的延续，通常与时间段、频率或者持续性相联系。
例如：live（居住），work（工作），study（学习）等。
2. 瞬间动词的定义：瞬间动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的瞬间发生，通常没有延续性。
例如：arrive（到达），finish（完成），buy （购买）等。
现在完成时中，将瞬间动词转变为延续性动词的方法如下：1. 加入持续性的时间状语：通过加入表示时间段的状语来表达动作的延续性。
例如：- He has been living in London for three years.（他已经在伦敦居住三年了。
）- She has been studying English since last month.（她从上个月开始一直在学习英语。
）2. 加入频率状语：通过加入表示动作频率的状语来表达延续性。
例如：- They have been playing tennis every weekend.（他们每个周末都在打网球。
）- I have been working out at the gym twice a week.（我每周在健身房锻炼两次。
）3. 加入表示动作状态的状语：通过加入表示动作状态的状语来表达延续性。
例如：- The team has been practicing hard for the upcoming tournament.（这个团队一直在为即将到来的比赛进行努力训练。
）- She has been studying diligently for her exams.（她为了考试一直努力学习。
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Worksheet for grammar (8B Unit 2)
1. Work out the rule(s):
这样的时间状语时，句中的谓语动词要用__________（延续性/瞬间）动词或be+__________来表示状态。
2．Study the form. Pay special attention to the changes.
瞬间动词（词组）延续性动词
（词组）
瞬间动词
（词组）
延续性状态
[be+(adj.，adv.，prep.)]
buy have/has had arrive /come/go have/has been (in/at) borrow have/has kept come back have/has been back
catch a cold have/has had
a cold
leave have/has
been away (from)
receive a letter have/has had
a letter
join have/has been in/
a member of
die have/has been dead
begin/start have/has been on
(放映，进行)
stop/finish/end have/has been over
open have/has been open
close have/has been closed
fall ill have/has been ill
fall asleep have/has been asleep
get up have/has been up
get married have/has been married
make friends have/has been friends
1. Work out the rule(s):
当含有现在完成时的句子中含有for+一段时间、since+过去的点时间、how long 这样的时间状语时，句中的谓语动词要用__________（延续性/瞬间）动词或be+__________来表示状态。
2. A memory test.
瞬间动词（词组）延续性动词
（词组）
瞬间动词
（词组）
延续性状态
[ be+ (adj.，adv.，prep.)]
buy have/has arrive /come/go have/has borrow have/has come back have/has
catch
a cold
have/has leave have/has
receive
a letter
have/has join have/has
die have/has
begin/start have/has
stop/finish/end have/has
open have/has
close have/has
fall ill have/has
fall asleep have/has
get up have/has
get married have/has
make friends have/has。