威尼斯商人中英文对照

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威尼斯商人中英文对照

The Merchant of Venice（II）PART 1D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.B: Do all men kill the things they do not love?译文：第一部分公爵：宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。

夏洛克：我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。

要是您不准许我得到它，那将是一种软弱的表现，人们将不再信你们的法律了。

威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。

安东尼奥是我的敌人，我恨他。

巴萨尼奥：难道所有的人都要铲除他们所不爱的东西吗？A: It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. Don't wait any longer. Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.B: I'll pay you six thousand ducats for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed. S: If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh!D: Let us be calm, gentlemen. Shylock, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?S: I have done nothing wrong and I fear no judgement. I desire my pound of flesh.As the Duke is wondering what to do, Nerissa, dressed like a lawyer's clerk, arrives with a letter from the famous lawyer whom Portia has visited. While the Duke is talking to Nerissa, Shylock gets ready to cut his pound of flesh from Antonio.Then the letter is read out for all in the court to hear. "I am very ill. When your letter reached me, I had with me a .learned young doctor from Rome. I told him about the quarrel between Shylock and Antonio. We studied many lawbooks and he knows what I would say. I ask you to let him stand in my place and give judgement. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head."After the letter has been read out to the court, Portia, in lawyer's clothes, enters the room and takes her seat as judge.安东尼奥：跟夏洛克讲理是没有用的。

莎士比亚名人名言中英文对照

莎士比亚名人名言中英文对照so is the will of a living daughter curb’d by the will of a dead father. (a merchant of venice 1.2) 一个活生生的女人的意愿，却被过世的父亲的遗嘱所限。

——《威尼斯商人》外观往往和事物的本身完全不符，世人都容易为表面的装饰所欺骗。

——《威尼斯商人》没有比较，就显不出长处;没有欣赏的人，乌鸦的歌声也就和云雀一样。

要是夜莺在白天杂在聒噪里歌唱，人家绝不以为它比鹪鹩唱得更美。

多少事情因为逢到有利的环境，才能达到尽善的境界，博得一声恰当的赞赏。

——《威尼斯商人》the quality of mercy is not strained. (a merchant of venice 4.1)慈悲不是出于勉强。

——《威尼斯商人》some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall. (measure for measure 2.1)有些人因罪恶而升迁，有些人因德行而没落。

——《一报还一报》the course of true love never did run smooth. (a midsummer night’s dream 1.1)真爱无坦途。

——《仲夏夜之梦》真诚的爱情之路永不会是平坦的。

things base and vile, holding no quantity, love can transpose to from and dignity: love looks not with the eyes, but with mind. (a midsummer night’s dream 1.1) 卑贱和劣行在爱情看来都不算数，都可以被转化成美满和庄严：爱情不用眼睛辨别，而是用心灵来判断/爱用的不是眼睛，而是心。

——《仲夏夜之梦》lord, what fools these mortals be! (a midsummer night’s dream 3.2)上帝呀，这些凡人怎么都是十足的傻瓜!——《仲夏夜之梦》the lunatic, the lover and the poet are of imagination all pact. (a midsummer night’s dream 5.1) 疯子、情人、诗人都是想象的产儿。

威尼斯商人性格分析中英文对照

Characters analysisShylock — A Jewish moneylender in Venice. Angered by his mistreatment at the hands of Venice’s Christians, particularly Antonio, Shylock schemes to take his revenge by ruthlessly demanding as payment a pou nd of Antonio’s flesh。

Although seen by the rest of the play’s characters as an inhuman monster，Shylock at times diverges from stereotype and reveals himself to be quite human。

These contradictions，and his eloquent expressions of hatred, have earned Shylock a place as one of Shakespeare’s most memorable characters。

夏洛克 - 威尼斯犹太放债人。

对他的虐待在威尼斯的基督徒,尤其是安东尼奥的手，夏洛克的方案来报仇被无情地要求支付安东尼奥的一磅肉。

虽然在剧中的人物都视为非人的怪物，夏洛克有时偏离的刻板印象，认为他自己是很有人情味.这些矛盾，和他的雄辩的表达仇恨，已经赢得了作为莎士比亚的一个最令人难忘的角色夏洛克的地方。

ShylockAlthough critics tend to agree that Shylock is The Merchant of Venice’smost noteworthy figure，no consensus has been reached on whether toread him as a bloodthirsty bogeyman，a clownish Jewish stereotype，ora tragic figure whose sense of decency has been fractured by thepersecution he endures. Certainly, Shylock is the play’s antagonist, and heis menacing enough to seriously imperil the happiness of Venice’sbusinessmen and young lovers alike。

威尼斯商人好句摘抄中英对照

威尼斯商人好句摘抄中英对照《威尼斯商人》好句摘抄：1. "In time we hate that which we often fear." ——有时候我们最怕的东西最终会成为我们最恨的东西。

2. "The devil can cite Scripture for his purposed." ——魔鬼也会引经据典来为自己的目的辩护。

3. "All that glisters is not gold." ——闪闪发光的东西并不都是金子。

4. "Love is blind, and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit." ——爱情是盲目的，恋人们无法看到他们自己犯下的愚蠢之处。

5. "The man that hath no music in himself, nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, is fit for treasons, stratagems and spoils." ——那些内心没有音乐，不能被美妙音乐所感动的人，适合干坏事、策划计谋和抢夺。

6. "I hold the world but as the world, Gratiano; a stage where every man must play a part, and mine a sad one." ——我视这个世界只是世界而已，格拉特西亚诺；每个人都是这个舞台上的一个角色，我的角色是悲伤的。

7. "So shines a good deed in a naughty world." ——在一个邪恶的世界里，善举就像闪耀的光芒。

(中英文对照版)威尼斯商人经典片段教学提纲

(中英文对照版)威尼斯商人经典片段The Merchant of Venice（II）PART 1D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.B: Do all men kill the things they do not love?公爵：宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。

夏洛克：我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。

要是您不准许我得到它，那将是一种软弱的表现，人们将不再信你们的法律了。

威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。

安东尼奥是我的敌人，我恨他。

威尼斯商人中英文对照

公爵——D夏洛克——S巴萨尼奥——B安东尼奥——A鲍西娅——P庭宣——C旁白——N第一部分 PART 1D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.公爵：宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。

S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.夏洛克：我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。

要是您不准许我得到它，那将是一种软弱的表现，人们将不再信你们的法律了。

威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。

安东尼奥是我的敌人，我恨他。

B: Do all men kill the things they do not love?巴萨尼奥：难道所有的人都要铲除他们所不爱的东西吗？A: It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. Don't wait any longer. Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.安东尼奥：跟夏洛克讲理是没有用的。

别再等待了。

对我宣判吧，把夏洛克想要得到的东西给他。

B: I'll pay you six thousand ducats for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed.巴萨尼奥：我将付给你六千块钱，用来归还安东尼奥借的那三千块钱。

S: If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh!夏洛克：即使你愿意我六倍于你刚才提出的钱数，我仍然要拿我应得的那一磅肉。

(中英文对照版)威尼斯商人经典片段

The Merchant of Venice(II）PART 1D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it，that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more。

The greatness of Venice will soon be lost。

Antonio is my enemy，and I hate him。

B：Do all men kill the things they do not love？公爵：宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。

夏洛克：我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。

要是您不准许我得到它,那将是一种软弱的表现,人们将不再信你们的法律了。

威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。

安东尼奥是我的敌人，我恨他。

巴萨尼奥：难道所有的人都要铲除他们所不爱的东西吗？A：It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. Don’t wait any longer. Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.B: I’ll pay you six thousand ducats for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed. S：If you offered me six times what you have just offered，I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh！D: Let us be calm, gentlemen。

Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人

主题：剧本的主题是歌颂仁爱、友谊和爱情，同时也反映了资本主义早期商业资产阶级与高利贷者之间的矛盾，表现了作者对资产阶级社会中金钱、法律和宗教等问题的人文主义思想。

这部剧作的一个重要文学成就，就是塑造了夏洛克这一惟利是图、冷酷无情的高利贷者的典型形象。

Just as Shylock’s character seems hard to pin down, the Christian char acters also present an inconsistent picture. Though Portia and Bassanio come to love one another, Bassanio seeks her hand in the first place because he is monstrously in debt and needs her money. Bassanio even asks Antonio to look at the money he lends Bassanio as an investment, though Antonio insists that he lends him the money solely out of love. In other words, Bassanio is anxious to view his relationship with Antonio as a matter of business rather than of love. Finally, Shylock eloquently argues that Jews are human beings just as Christians are, but Christians such as Antonio hate Jews simply because they are Jews. Thus, while the Christian characters may talk more about mercy, love, and charity, they are not always consistent in how they display these qualities.The Divine Quality of MercyThe conflict between Shylock and the Christian characters comes to a head over the issue of mercy. The other characters acknowledge that the law is on Shylock’s side, but they all expect him to show mercy, which he refuses to do. When, during the trial, Shylock asks Portia what could possibly compel him to be merciful, Portia’s long reply, beginning with the words, ―The quality of mercy is not strained,‖ clarifies what is at stake in the argument (IV.i.179). Human beings should be merciful because God is merciful: mercy is an attribute of God himself and therefore greater than power, majesty, or law. Portia’s understanding of mercy is based on the way Christians in Shakespeare’s time understood the difference between the Old and New Testaments. According to the writings of St. Paul in the New Testament, the Old Testament depicts God as requiring strict adherence to rules and exacting harsh punishments for those who stray. The New Testament, in contrast, emphasizes adherence to the spirit rather than the letter of the law, portraying a God who forgives rather than punishes and offers salvation to those followers who forgive others. Thus, when Portia warns Shylock against pursuing the law without regard for mercy, she is promoting what Elizabethan Christians would have seen as a pro-Christian, anti-Jewish agenda.The strictures of Renaissance drama demanded that Shylock be a villain, and, as such, patently unable to show even a drop of compassion for his enemy. A sixteenth-century audience would not expect Shylock to exercise mercy—therefore, it is up to the Christians to do so. Once she has turned Shylock’s greatest weapon—the law—against him, Portia has the opportunity to give freely of the mercy for which she so beautifully advocates. Instead, she backs Shylock into a corner, where she strips him of his bond, his estate, and his dignity, forcing him to kneel and beg for mercy. Given that Antonio decides not to seize Shylock’s goods as punishment for conspiring against him, w e might consider Antonio to be merciful. But we may also question whether it is merciful to return to Shylock half of his goods, only to take away his religion and his profession. By forcing Shylock to convert, Antonio disables him from practicing usury, w hich, according to Shylock’s reports, was Antonio’s primary reason for berating and spitting on him in public. Antonio’s compassion, then, seems to stem as much from self-interest as from concern for his fellow man. Mercy, as delivered in The Merchant of Venice, never manages to be as sweet, selfless, or full of grace as Portia presents it.Hatred as a Cyclical PhenomenonThroughout the play, Shylock claims that he is simply applying the lessons taught to him by his Christian neighbors; this claim becomes an integral part of both his character and his argument in court. In Shylock’s very first appearance, as he conspires to harm Antonio,his entire plan seems to be born of the insults and injuries Antonio has inflicted upon him in the past. As the play continues, and Shylock unveils more of his reasoning, the same idea rears its head over and over—he is simply applying what years of abuse have taught him. Responding to Salerio’s query of what good the pound of flesh will do him, Shylock responds, ―The villain y you teach me I will execute, and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction‖ (III.i.60–61). Not all of Shylock’s actions can be blamed on poor teachings, and one could argue that Antonio understands his own culpability in his near execution.With the trial’s conclusion, Antonio demands that Shylock convert to Christianity, but inflicts no other punishment, despite the threats of fellow Christians like Graziano. Antonio does not, as he has in the past, kick or spit on Shylock. Antonio, as well as the duke, effectively ends the conflict by starving it of the injustices it needs to continue.As in many of Shakespeare's plays, The Merchant of Venice is constructed around opposite value systems or worldviews. One pole of this scale is captured in one of the most famous of the Bard's verse speeches as it is recited, fittingly enough by the epitome of Christian generosity, Portia, during the climactic trial of Act IV, scene i. In borrowed lawyer robes, Portia proclaims:The quality of mercy is not strain'd,It droppeth as the gentle rain from heavenUpon the place beneath. It is twice blest;It blesseth him that gives and him that...(The entire page is 1839 words.)The Merchant of Venice: ThemesIn LitCharts, each theme gets its own corresponding color, which you can use to track where the themes occur in the work. There are two ways to track themes:∙Refer to the color-coded bars next to each plot point throughout the Summary and Analysis sections.∙Use the ThemeTracker section to get a quick overview of where the themes appear throughout the entire work.Prejudice and IntoleranceThe Venetians in The Merchant of Venice almost uniformly express extreme intolerance of S HYLOCK and the other Jews in Venice. In fact, the exclusion of these ―others‖ seems to be a fundamental part of the social bonds that cement the Venetian Christians together. How otherwise would the ridiculous clown L AUNCELOT ingratiate himself with the suaveB ASSANIO? Or why would the sensitive Antonio tolerate someone as crass as G RATIANO? It is possible to argue thatShakespeare himself shar es his characters’ certainty that the Jews are naturally malicious and inferior to Christians because of Shylock’s ultimate refusal to show any mercy at all and, as a result, his pitiful end.Yet there are also reasons to think that Shakespeare may be subt ly criticizing the prejudices of his characters. Shylock’s fury comes not from some malicious ―Jewishness‖ but as a result of years of abuse. For example, though he is criticized by Antonio for practicing usury (charging interest on borrowed money) Jews were actually barred from most otherprofessions. In other words, the Christians basically forced Shylock to work in a profession that the Christians then condemned as immoral. Shylock insists that he ―learned‖ his hatred from the Christians, and it is Shylo ck alone who argues that all of the characters are the same, in terms of biology and under the law. Viewed this way, The Merchant of Venice offers a critique of the same prejudices that it seemingly endorses?Human and AnimalClosely related to the theme of prejudice and intolerance is the theme of humanity—and the inhumanity of which various characters accuse one another. In insulting and abusing S HYLOCK, the Venetians frequently denigrate him as an animal or devil. Shylock, in turn, seeks to reduce his debtor A NTONIO to the status of an animal whose body can be bought or sold. In the courtroom scene, he justifies his purchasing of a pound of Antonio’s flesh as being fun damentally similar to the way in which other Venetians might buy slaves or livestock.Shakespeare was writing The Merchant of Venice as a philosophical movement called ―Renaissance humanism‖ became prominent. This philosophy defined humans as exceptional b eings, existing outside of the chain of being of God’s other creatures. Yet, The Merchant of Venice shows how this type of humanism can be used to abuse outsiders. After all, if being ―human‖ ceases to be based on biology, then exactly who is human and who isn’t becomes a matter of interpretation. The play’s Christian characters clearly believe that being Christian is a primary requirement for being human, as both the insults aimed at Shylock and the P RINCE OF M OROCCO suggest. In his famous speech justifying his desire for revenge in 3.1, Shylock explicitly rejects the humanist definition of ―humanity,‖ describing his similarity to the Venetians in terms of biological functions that all human beings share: tickling, eating, bleeding, dying. Constant referenc es in the play to ―flesh and blood‖ further highlight humans’ biological, ―animal‖ origins..Law, Mercy, and RevengeBoth the central action of The Merchant of Venice—S HYLOCK’S attempt to revenge himself on the Christian A NTONIO—and the romantic subplot—between B ASSANIO and P ORTIA—explore the relationship between law, mercy, and revenge. Shakespeare’s contemporary, the philosopher Francis Bacon, defined revenge as a ―kind of wild justice.‖ When one private individual decides to revenge himself on another, he is going outside the official justice system. And yet, as the phrase ―wild justice‖ suggests, the revenger is responding to what he sees as a ―higher law.‖ The reven ger takes the law into his own hands when he feels that the state is not capable of or refuses to enforce justice. Therefore, while law and revenge are technically opposed to each other, since revenge is illegal, they also overlap. Shylock, pursuing Antoni o’s ―pound of flesh,‖ exposes the intimate connection between law and revenge. He seeks vengeance against Antonio precisely by sticking to the letter of the law within the Venetian justice system.In the courtroom scene of Act 4, scene 1, both the D UKE and Portia present mercy as a better alternative to the pursuit of either law or revenge. Shylock explicitly refuses to show mercy, while the Christians, in sparing Shylock’s life in the en d, claim that they have. Yet, when they do, Shylock himself asks to be killed. He says that, having had all of his possessions confiscated and his religious identity revoked (which would also make it impossible for him to work as a money-lender, since Christians were not allowed to practice usury), he has nothing left to live for. The question of who is or is not merciful, therefore remains open.Greed vs. GenerosityThe primary grievance that A NTONIO has against S HYLOCK is that he is greedy—for charging interest to those who borrow money from him when they are in need. The Venetians implicitly contrast Shylock’s greed with the generosity that they show one another. For instance, Antonio is willing to place his whole ―purse and person‖ at B ASSANIO’S disposal and regularly saves other Christians from having to pay interest to Shylock by paying off their debts for them.It seems that, like love or mercy, generosity is limitless, unbounded. However, The Merchant of Venice also frequently begs the question of whether friends aren’t using friends, or lovers their lovers, for materialistic reasons. For instance, why is the perpetually indebted B ASSANIO so intent on wooing the rich Portia? And as P ORTIA’s and N ERISSA’s anger over the rings that their husbands give away in the final scene reflects, even the freest gift-giving comes with strings attached, like the rules governing Shylock’s more frankly capitalistic contracts.Reading and InterpretationInstances of reading and interpretation occur many times in The Merchant of Venice. An early scene in which S HYLOCK and A NTONIO bicker over the meaning of Biblical scripture shows that the all-important distinction between Jews andChristians basically boils down to interpretive differences—different ways of reading and understanding a shared heritage of texts.The play also stages ―scenes of interpretation‖—in which the act of reading becomes a dramatic event. The first major instance, connected to the themes of both law and love, is when the P RINCE OF M OROCCO becomes the first suitor to try to solve the riddle of the caskets, with major consequences for both P ORTIA and himself depending on whether he interprets it correctly. This scenario repeats with both the P RINCE OF A RAGON and B ASSANIO. The courtroom scene, in which Portia must find an alternative way to read and understand the law in order to save Antonio’s life, similarly turns an act of interpretation into a highly dramatic game with very high stakes. The Merchant of Venice shows how the practice of reading (and not just reading literature) is woven into the structures of prejudice and intolerance, love, law, and justice—how it is central to everyday life.Love and FriendshipIn connection with mercy and generosity, The Merchant of Venice also explores love and friendship between its characters. The central romantic relationship of the play is that between B ASSANIO and P ORTIA. Their marriage is paralleled by several others: the elopement of S HYLOCK’S daughter, J ESSICA, with the Christian, L ORENZO; and the marriage of Portia’s servant, N ERISSA, to Bassanio’s companion, G RATIANO. In addition, numerous critics have suggested that the strongest friendship in the play—between A NTONIO and Bassanio—also approaches romantic love. In addition, the play shows how strong the amicable ties are that connect all the various Venetian characters.Given the generosity that they motivate between characters, love and friendship might seem to offer alternatives to the ugly emotions of prejudice, greed, and revenge on display in The Merchant of Venice. However, beginning with Bassanio’s borrowing mone y from his friend Antonio in order to woo Portia, the play also demonstrates that the apparent purity of love and friendship can be tainted by selfish economic concerns. In addition, love and friendship are also at the mercy of the law, as seen in Portia’s being subject to the terms of her father’s riddle of the CASKETS.Set in the lavish era of 16th century Venice, Shakespeare's most powerful play comes to bear in Michael Radford's THE MERCHANT OF VENICE, which follows the interlocking lives of a captivating assortment of classic Shakespearean characters.Bassanio (Joseph Fiennes) is the typical Elizabethan lover and aristocrat �young, impulsive and romantic �whose lavish lifestyle has left him deep in debt and desperately in love with the fair Portia (Lynn Collins) of Belmont. But to win her hand, he must prove his worth. To prove his worth, he must not only raise money he doesn't have, but he must also correctly solve the riddle of matrimony bequeathed by Portia's late father.Determined to call Portia his bride, Bassanio employs the support of his dear friend Antonio (Jeremy Irons), a successful merchant residing in Venice. But with no word from his trading fleet, Antonio is short of resources and must use his credit for a loan. This loan comes in the form of Shylock (AlPacino), a Jewish loan shark who, like all his people, is forced to live in "ghettoes" and has limited access to the city.Yet, all is not as it appears between Antonio and Shylock. Antonio has publicly denounced Shylock and other Jews for their practice of usury (loaning money at exorbitant rates of interest), and consistently hurts their business by offering loans with no interest. This set of circumstances, along with the persecution of Jews at the time, has made Shylock spiteful towards Antonio, who jumps at the chance to have the merchant in his debt.However, this time Shylock decides to offer his loan at no interest; instead, he demands a pound of flesh from Antonio if his loan is not repaid on time. Confident that Bassanio will return his good fortune three times over, Antonio agrees to the unusual terms.As Bassanio travels to Belmont with Gratiano (Kris Marshall) to woo his beloved, other events threaten to ruin his quest before it is fulfilled. Portia, in the company of her lady-in-waiting Nerissa (Heather Goldenhersh), has already been welcoming potential suitors, who at any time could solve the mystery of her father's will which states that she must marry the man who correctly chooses one of three caskets.Then Antonio's trade ships fail to produce any profit for the merchant. And, Shylock's daughter Jessica (Zuleikha Robinson) impulsively elopes with Bassanio's friend Lorenzo (Charlie Cox); in the process, she escapes with a fair amount of her father's personal wealth. This shatters Shylock to the core and causes him to focus all his energy on the repayment of the debt, almost taking out a lifetime of discrimination on the merchant.Upon hearing of his friend's set of circumstances, Bassanio leaves Belmont and rushes home to find a solution to Antonio's predicament. But before Bassanio can arrive home, the loan is declared in default and the distraught and semi-deranged Shylock demands his pound of flesh from Antonio in order to fully seek his revenge.The Duke (Anton Rodgers), the reigning power in the city, has called a legal expert to the court to proceed over these extraordinary hearings �is Antonio truly in default on his loan? Is the payment that Shylock is asking for justified? Can Bassanio return in time to save Antonio? In true Shakespearean fashion, all is not as it seems in a story wrought with morality, revenge, redemption and love.威尼斯商人》英文简介:Maurice, Sami, Simon, Elie and Edouard are still unknown actors despite their late thirties. But one day, Grinchenberg, the famous American director, comes to Paris looking for the lead role in his Yiddish adaptation of the Merchant of Venice. Maurice gets the part! It is the major breakthrough he has been waiting for. He rushes home to proudly announce the big news to his wife Perla. But Perla also has news for him: she is very ill. Unfortunately, the part eventually goes to a famous American star. Maurice doesn't have the heart to tell Perla, so with his friends' help, he will go all the way to make his wife believe that he still has the part, and will end up playing the role of his life to protect herThe Merchant of VeniceIn this play, the Renaissance motifs of masculine freindship and romantic love are portrayed in opposition to the bitter inhumanity of a usurer named Shylock. Although the play ends happily for everyone except the revengeful Shylock, it is not a light-hearted comedy. On the surface, Shakespeare's view of Shylock reflected the attitudes of the day. But the dramatist treated the moneylender as a very human and even sympathetic person.The character of Portia exemplifies the image of the quick-witted, warm, and responsive young woman who is successfully "judged" the law case of Shylock.Venice,1596.Melancholy Antonio loves the youthful Bassanio,so when Bassanio asks for 3000ducats,Antonio says yes before knowing it's to sue for the hand of Portia.His capital tied up in merchant ships at sea,Antonio must go to Shylock,a Jewish moneylender he reviles.Shylock wraps his grudge in kindness,offering athree-month loan at no interest,but if not repaid,Antonio will owe apound of flesh.The Jew's daughter elopes with aChristian,whetting Shylock's hatred.While Bassanio's away wooing Portia,Antonio's ships founder,and Shylock demands his pound of flesh.With court assembled and ajudgment due,Portia swings into action to save Bassanio's friend.Written sometime between 1596 and 1598, The Merchant of Venice is classified as both an early Shakespearean comedy (more specifically, as a "Christian comedy") and as one of the Bard's problem plays; it is a work in which good triumphs over evil, but serious themes are examined and some issues remain unresolved.In Merchant, Shakespeare wove together two ancient folk tales, one involving a vengeful, greedy creditor trying to exact a pound of flesh, the other involving a marriage suitor's choice among three chests and thereby winning his (or her) mate. Shakespeare's treatment of the first standard plot scheme centers around the villain of Merchant, the Jewish moneylender Shylock, who seeks a literal pound of flesh from his Christian opposite, the generous, faithful Antonio. Shakespeare's version of the chest-choosing device revolves around the play's Christian heroine Portia, who steers her lover Bassanio toward the correct humble casket and then successfully defends his bosom friend Antonio from Shylock's horrid legal suit.In the modern, post-Holocaust readings of Merchant, the problem of anti-Semitism in the play has loomed large. A close reading of the text must acknowledge that Shylock is a stereotypical caricature of a cruel, money-obsessed medieval Jew, but it also suggests that Shakespeare's intentions in Merchant were not primarily anti-Semitic. Indeed, the dominant thematic complex in The Merchant of Venice is much more universal than specific religious or racial hatred; it spins around the polarity between the surface attractiveness of gold and the Christian qualities of mercy and compassion that lie beneath the flesh.The Merchant of Venice SummarySummary of the PlayBassanio, a Venetian nobleman with financial difficulties, wishes to compete for the hand of Portia, a wealthy heiress of Belmont, in order to restore his fortune. He asks his friend Antonio, a successful merchant of Venice, to loan him the money necessary to undertake such an attempt. Antonio agrees, but, as all of his assets are tied up at sea, he will have to use his credit in order to obtain the money for his friend. They go to Shylock, a Jewish moneylender and enemy of Antonio’s. Shylock agrees to lend them 3000 ducats, but only if Antonio will sign a bond offering the usurer a pound of his flesh if the loan is not repaid in three months’ time. Despite Bassanio’s misgivings, A ntonio assents to the arrangement.Meanwhile, in Belmont, Portia laments to her serving woman, Nerissa, the terms of her latefather’s will. They state that whoever seeks to marry Portia must solve the riddle of the three caskets—one gold, one silver, one lead, each with an inscription—or, failing in the attempt, agree to remain a bachelor for the rest of his days. Various suitors attempt the test and fail, until Bassanio arrives. Portia favors him and is delighted when he succeeds. His man, Gratiano, also proposes to Nerissa. She accepts.But all is not well in Venice. Lorenzo, a friend of Bassanio and Antonio, elopes with Shylock’s daughter, Jessica. This enrages Shylock, who vows to show no mercy should... » Complete The Merchant of Venice SummarySummary of the PlayBassanio, a Venetian nobleman with financial difficulties, wishes to compete for the hand of Portia, a wealthy heiress of Belmont, in order to restore his fortune. He asks his friend Antonio, a successful merchant of Venice, to loan him the money necessary to undertake such an attempt. Antonio agrees, but, as all of his assets are tied up at sea, he will have to use his credit in order to obtain the money for his friend. They go to Shylock, a Jewish moneylender and enemy of Antonio’s. Shylock agrees to lend them 3000 ducats, but only if...(The entire page is 768 words.)读后感：Rarely has The Merchant of Venice, one of Shakespeare's most complex plays.In a decadent version of renaissance Venice, a young nobleman named Bassanio seeks to woo the lovely Portia , but lacks the money to travel to her estate. He seeks support from his friend, the merchant Antonio ; Antonio's fortune is tied up in sea ventures, so the merchant offers to borrow money from a Jewish moneylender, Shylock . But Shylock holds a grudge against Antonio, who has routinely treated the Jew with contempt, and demands that if the debt is not repaid in three months, the price will be a pound of Antonio's flesh.The Merchant of Venice is famous as a "problem play"--the gritty matters of moneylending and anti-Semitism sit uncomfortably beside the fairy tale elements of Portia and Bassanio's romance, and some twists of the plot can seem arbitrary or even cruel. The strength of Radford's intelligent and passionate interpretation is that he and the excellent cast invest the play's opposing facets with full emotional weight, thus making every question the play raises acute and inescapable. Irons is particularly compelling; kindness and blind prejudice sit side by side in his breast, rendering the clashes in his character as vivid as those in the play itself.Got used to seeing Shakespeare's tragedy, trades the appetite by chance, appreciates comedy which he writes, also has the flavor. Last week, I read the famous work which Shakespeare writes "the Venetian merchant", lets me feel the friendship precious. Leading character Antonio and between the aristocrat youth Pakistan Sa Niao sincere friendship, facing lives with the test which dies, their friendship appears selfless. "the Venetian merchant" and Shakespeare other scripts were the same, have displayed him to the life the deep love, but also had to youth yearning. I thought that this script plot winding interesting, is brimming with the very strong comedy color, also has manifested Shakespeare in the life the open and bright optimistic disposition. In the play has both hatefully, and causes the character who the human sympathizes, he is called summer Locker, is a Jew, lends money at high interest. He is concerned only about profit, is insatiably greedy, but he is also one Jew who discriminates. A few words which in the play he represented is oppressed the Jew who said to make I to be unforgettable: “doesn't the Jew have the eye, five official four limbs, not to have consciousness, not to have the sentiment, not to have the courage and uprightness? He not is eating same food, can receive the same weapon injury, similarly the need medical attention, will think in the winter coldly, in the summer will think the heat, will be the same with the Christian?”He was the nationality which suffered hardships and calamities has exuded the uneven call. I compare like that Bao Xiya. She graceful noble, gentle full of affection, has the high wisdom, dares to join in decisively quick-wittedly in the motion, uses own motion to prove that the woman is not worse than the man. This writing had at that time lived in there Venice's merchant's true story, the world dear ones and the friendship is more important than anything, this written we have treated the friend proper manner. Could not think Shakespeare writes the comedy such has the interest.Modern connection:The Merchant of V enice is considered one of Shakespeare's problem comedies in part due to its anti-Semitism. A problem play introduces moral dilemmas without offering clear-cut or comforting solutions to these dilemmas. In The Merchant of Venice, the Christian Antonio and his friends plead with the Jewish Shylock to show mercy towards Antonio, yet when the situation is reversed and Antonio and his friends are in a position to show Shylock mercy, they do not. Instead,they strip him of his worldly possessions and force him to convert to Christianity. Since there were few or...影评：One of Shakespeare's most powerful and controversial plays finally comes to the screen in Michael Radford's splendid adaptation of The Merchant of Venice. Briskly paced and passionately alive, Radford's compelling and handsomely filmed version of the Bard's tragicomic play features a superlative cast headed by Oscar winners Al Pacino and Jeremy Irons. They, along with Joseph Fiennes and luminously gifted newcomer Lynn Collins, command the screen in The Merchant of Venice, which marks the first time the director of Il Postino has ever tackled Shakespeare. And while his traditional approach to the play may lack the cinematic dazzle of Baz Luhrmann's contemporary spin on Romeo + Juliet, there's nothing static or overly stagy about Radford's The Merchant of Venice.Filmed on location, The Merchant of Venice transports you back to the 16th century, when the city's vilified Jewish community was ghettoized. Shunned, even spat upon by the Venetian nobles and merchants, the Jewish moneylender Shylock (Pacino) has built a sizable fortune through usury. Although the merchant Antonio (Irons) despises Shylock, he nonetheless goes to him on behalf of his debt-ridden friend Bassanio (Fiennes). To woo the beautiful and fabulously rich Portia (Collins), Bassanio needs money. Since Antonio is momentarily low on funds, he borrows it from Shylock. But if Antonio fails to repay the loan by a set date, Shylock will take payment in the form of a pound of flesh from Antonio's chest.Over Bassanio's objections, Antonio accepts Shylock's offer. Meanwhile, as Bassanio sets sail for Portia's island home, Shylock's world begins to crumble. His beloved daughter Jessica (Zuleika Robinson) renounces her faith to run away with Bassanio's friend Lorenzo (Charlie Cox). And she takes a large chunk of Shylock's money with her. Feeling betrayed and abandoned, Shylock focuses all his hurt and anger on Antonio, his longtime foe. When Antonio cannot pay the loan on time, Shylock therefore ignores entreaties to be merciful. It appears only a miracle can save the merchant, who is bound by law to honor the grisly terms of Shylock's loan.Aside from a 1973 film starring Laurence Olivier, filmmakers have shied away from this daunting mix of pathos and comedy, which has also been criticized as anti-Semitic. And on a cursory level, the character of Shylock does indeed conform to a Jewish stereotype. Yet he is ultimately a far more sympathetic and complex figure, whose actions are understandable, given the persecution he endures. Shylock may seem ruthless, greedy and vengeful, but he's also tragic—a proud man trying to assert himself in the face of blatant prejudice. In one of Shakespeare's most famous speeches, Shylock turns on his oppressors and asks at one point, "If you prick us, do we not bleed?" It's a mesmerizing, intensely felt plea for respect that Pacino performs brilliantly, his voice a mixture of hurt and pent-up rage.Speaking of Pacino, he admirably resists the urge to go his usual histrionic route in The Merchant of Venice. In recent years, he's degenerated into something of a self-parody—a loud ham who seemed intent on screaming his way through a movie. Thankfully, the Shakespeare devotee (Looking for Richard) appears to have rediscovered subtlety and nuance in acting. He's forceful and magnetic without being showy. Like Roy Cohn, whom Pacino plays superbly in Angels in America, Shylock is a bravura role that could easily be played as a villain, but as he did with Cohn, Pacino manages to find traces of vulnerability in this angry, deeply wounded man.。

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The Merchant of Venice（II）PART 1D: Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.B: Do all men kill the things they do not love译文：第一部分公爵：宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。

夏洛克：我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。

要是您不准许我得到它，那将是一种软弱的表现，人们将不再信你们的法律了。

威尼斯不久就会丧失它的伟大。

安东尼奥是我的敌人，我恨他。

巴萨尼奥：难道所有的人都要铲除他们所不爱的东西吗A: It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. Don't wait any longer. Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.B: I'll pay you six thousand ducats for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed. S: If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh!D: Let us be calm, gentlemen. Shylock, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show noneS: I have done nothing wrong and I fear no judgement. I desire my pound of flesh.As the Duke is wondering what to do, Nerissa, dressed like a lawyer's clerk, arrives with a letter from the famous lawyer whom Portia has visited. While the Duke is talking to Nerissa, Shylock gets ready to cut his pound of flesh from Antonio.Then the letter is read out for all in the court to hear. "I am very ill. When your letter reached me, I had with me a .learned young doctor from Rome. I told him about the quarrel between Shylock and Antonio. We studied many lawbooks and he knows what I would say. I ask you to let him stand in my place and give judgement. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head."After the letter has been read out to the court, Portia, in lawyer's clothes, enters the room and takes her seat as judge.安东尼奥：跟夏洛克讲理是没有用的。

别再等待了。

对我宣判吧，把夏洛克想要得到的东西给他。

巴萨尼奥：我将付给你六千块钱，用来归还安东尼奥借的那三千块钱。

夏洛克：即使你愿意我六倍于你刚才提出的钱数，我仍然要拿我应得的那一磅肉。

把那一磅肉判给我！公爵：先生们，请安静。

夏洛克，如果你不宽恕别人，你自己怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢夏洛克：我并没有做错事，我不怕审判。

我要求给我应得的那一磅肉。

正当公爵不知道应该怎么办的时候，尼莉莎打扮成一个律师的书记员，带着鲍西娅刚拜访过的那位着名的律师的一封信，来到法庭。

当公爵与尼莉莎谈话时，夏洛克准备好要从安东尼奥身上割下他应得的一磅肉。

这时，当庭宣读了律师的信。

"我重病缠身。

收到你的信时，我正同一位从罗马来的很有学问的年轻博士在一起。

我把夏洛克与安东尼奥之间的争执对他讲了。

我们研究了很多法典，因此他知道我想要说的话。

我请您让他替我作出判决。

他很年轻，但是，我还从来不知道有这么年轻又这么聪明的人。

"这封信当庭宣读之后，鲍西娅穿着律师的衣服进屋来了。

她作为法官就座了。

PART 2D: Greetings, learned judge! I do not envy you your job. This is a most troublesome case. P: Greetings! Please be seated. Are you Antonio, and is this your agreement with Shylock A: It is.P: Then Shylock must be merciful. He must have mercy on Antonio.S: Why must I have mercy on him Tell me that!P: Mercy brings good. Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth. It blesses those who give it, and those who receive it. We should learn to show mercy to others. Do you still ask for this pound of flesh S: I ask for what is mine by law!B: I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed. Please change the law a little so that we may save Antonio.P: Use your head a little, sir! We cannot change a law. If one law is changed, then people will later want to change other laws.S: Oh, wise young judge!P: Let me see this agreement, this promise of Antonio to you.S: Here it is.P: I see. According to the law, Shylock may have a pound of flesh to be cut off by him nearest to Antonio's heart. Be merciful! Let me destroy this Then, Antonio, be ready. And Shylock, take your knife and prepare to do the deed.公爵；您好，博学的法官！我并不羡慕您的职业。

这是一个最麻烦的案子。

鲍西娅：您好！请坐下。

你叫安东尼奥吗这是你与夏洛克签订的借约吗安东尼奥；是的。

鲍西娅：那么，夏洛克可得大发慈悲才是。

他可得宽恕安东尼奥啊。

夏洛克：为什么我必得宽恕他呢请告诉我这一点！鲍西娅：慈悲带来益处。

慈悲像甘露从天空中降到地面上，它不但赐福施予的人，而且赐福于受施的人。

我们应该学会宽恕他人。

你还要求得到这一磅肉吗夏洛克：我要求得到根据法律属于我的东西。

巴萨尼奥：我愿出十倍于安东尼奥的借款，请您把法律稍为变更一下，使我们能够救出安东尼奥的生命。

鲍西娅：请用你的脑袋想一想，先生。

我们不能变更法律，要是变更了一条法律，那么人们还会要变更别的法律的。

夏洛克：噢，聪明年轻的法官啊！鲍西娅；让我看一看借约，就是安东尼奥向你许下的诺言。

夏活克：给您。

鲍西娅：我明白了。

根据法律，夏洛克可以得到一磅肉，由他从最靠近安东尼奥心脏的部位割下来。

慈悲一点吧！让我撕毁这张借约吧。

不能撕那么，安东尼奥，你做好准备；夏洛克，拿起你的刀子准备割肉吧。

S: Oh, learned judge! Oh, wise young man!P: Have you brought anything to weigh the fleshS: Yes. I have everything ready here.P: Do you have a doctor, Shylock, to stop Antonio's bloodB: That fox!P: Do you wish to say anything, AntonioA: Only a little. Goodbye Bassanio. Don't be sad for me. Tell your wife about me and how much I loved you. If Shylock cuts deep enough, I'll pay him back with all my heart.B: Let me take you in my arms and say goodbye. I love you more than my own life, more than my wife, and more than all the world. (He cries.)P: Your wife would not be pleased to hear you say that.S: We are wasting time.P: Take your pound of flesh! I declare the court allows it and the law gives it to you. Shylock advances towards Antonio and prepares to use his knife.P: Wait! There is something else. Antonio has promised to give you a pound of his flesh. But he has not promised to give you any of his blood. If you let one drop of his blood fall, you will lose all your land and all your money.S: Is that the lawP: That is the law. You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted. : I will take the money. Give me three more than Antonio borrowed from me.夏洛克；噢，博学的法官！噢，聪明的年轻人！鲍西娅：你带来了称肉的器具吗夏洛克：是的。

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