数学词汇英文表达总结
GRE数学常用词汇术语
GRE数学常用词汇术语【整理】2011-07-18 06:19:45| 分类：書山學海| 标签：|字号大中小订阅一. GRE数学高分快速突破—正文部分词汇&表达摘录1. size up=大量，估计，估计…的大小/多少；[口]品评，符合要求2. shortcut=n. 近路，捷径；[计]简化操作，快捷方式；a. 快速的，简捷的3. if A is performed on X=将A的值当作X来运算4. the ratio of A to B=A:B5. there is twice as much A as B=A is twice as much as B6. the one's digit=the units' digit=个位数字；ten's/hundreds'/tenths' digit=十/百/十分位数字7. equality=yields=gives;Addition(A+B)=A increased by B=A more/greater than B;Subtraction(A-B)=A less B=the difference of A and B=from A subtract B=A take away B=A decreased/diminished by B=B less than A;Multiplication(A*B)=the product of A and B;Division(A/B)=the quotient of A and B;Factors and Divisors(A*B=C)=A and B are factors of C=A and B are divisors of C=C is divisible by A and by B8. quotient=n. [数]商，份额；reciprocal=a. 互惠的，相应的，倒数的n. 倒数roots of numbers=开方9. integer=n. 整数；non-negative integers or whole numbers=非负整数Prime Numbers=质数；Composite Numbers=合数；Mutual Prime Numbers=互质数；Multiple and Divisible=倍数&约数；Common Multiple=公倍数；Common Factor or Divisor=公约数/公因数；Perfect Square=完全平方数；Perfect Cube=完全立方数；Quotients and Remainders=商&余数；Consecutive Integers=连续整数10. the divisibility of integers=整数的整除特性；common mode=同余11. Fractions and Decimals=分数&小数；numerator=n. 计算者，计数器，[数]分子；denominator=n. 命名者，[数]分母；Proper Fractions=真分数；Improper Fractions=假分数；Simple Fractions=既约分数/最简分数；Mixed Fractions=带分数12. power=n.[数]幂,乘方；powers of numbers=乘方；radicals=根式；radical signs=根号13. thirds of seven=7/3; plus three and a half=3+1/2;14. diagonal=a. 斜的，斜纹的，对角线的；n. 对角线，斜纹织物15. to the nearest (thousandth)=四舍五入(到千分位)16. in thousands=以"千"为单位17. A proportion is simply a statement that two ratios are equal. (eg. You can express a proportion as an equation—18/27 = 2/3)18. real number line=实数轴；imaginary number=虚数;rational numbers=有理数；irrational numbers=无理数19. coefficient n.[数]系数，协同因素；率，程度，折算率；[经]协同因素20. quadratic a. 二次的n. 二次方程式polynomial a.[数]多项式的n.多项式，由两个以上词组成的学名factorable expression=因式分解linear equations with one variable=一元线性方程substitution method=代入法addition-subtraction method=加减消元法quadratic equation with one variable=一元二次方程algebraic inequalities=代数不等式; domain of a function=函数的定义域independent variable=自变量；dependent variable=因变量21. "f(x)" is read "f of x"; f(1)=0, 则f(1) is read the "value of f at x=1"22. 7 is a distance of 18 from n=7与n的距离是18；7 is the distance of 18 from n=7是18与n之间的距离23. weighted average problems=加权平均问题；currency (coin and bill) problems=货币问题；1 dollar=100 cents=10 dimes=4 quarters=20 nickels24. simple interest=单利；principal [律]本金；compound interest=复利；rate/percent of interest=利率; selling price=销售价;discount price=折扣价=原价-折扣；discount=折扣=cost*discount rate(折扣率)25. motion problems=运动问题；right angle=直角；hypotenuse=n. 直角三角形之斜边；perpendicular=a. 垂直的，铅锤的，正交的，陡的(坡) n. 垂线，垂直26. overlapping sets=set=集合；combination=组合=recombination；permutation=置换；union=并集；intersection=交集；disjoint=mutually exclusive=集合不相交；27. arithmetic mean/average=算术平均数；geometric average=几何平均数；median=中数；mode=众数；standard deviation=标准方差；progression=级数；frequency distribution=频率分布；common difference=公差；common ratio=公比；arithmetic progression/series=等差/算术级数；factorial notation=阶乘；geometric progression/series=等比/几何级数；random occurrence=随机事件；odds-可能性；expected value=期望值；28. interesting lines=相交线；quadrilateral=n.四边形a.四边形的；polygon=多边形；three-dimensional figures=立体图形；coordinate plane=坐标平面；equilateral=a.等边的n.等边形；parallelogram=n.平行四边形；rhombus=n.菱形；trapezoid=n.[英]梯形[美]不规则四边形；cylinder=n.圆筒，圆柱体，汽缸，柱面；vertical angle=对顶角；straight angle=平角；acute angle=锐角；obtuse angle=钝角；supplementary/complementary angle=补/余角；interior/exterior angle=内/外角；alternative interior/exterior angles=内错角/外错角；corresponding angles=同位角；transversal=a. 横向的，横断的，截线的n. [数]截线，横肌；congruent=a. 适合的，一致的，[几何]全等的；interior/exterior angles on the same side of the transversal=同旁内/外角;29. base=三角形底边；height/altitude=三角形的高；isosceles/equilateral triangle=等腰/等边三角形；bisect=v. 切成两份，对截开; pentagon=五边形；octagon=八边形；equiangular polygon=等角多边形；30. chord=弦；arc=弧；tangent=a.接触的，相切的，离题的n.切线，[数]正切；tangent to a circle=圆的切线；secant=a.切的，割的，交叉的n.割线，正切；central angle=圆心角；inscribed angle=圆周角；sector=扇形；inscribed polygon in a circle=圆的内接多边形；inscribed circle in a polygon=圆的外切多边形；a circle with a circumscribed square=圆的外切正方形；31. solids geometry=立体几何；rectangular solids/boxes=长方体；cube=立方体；cylinders/tubes=圆柱；right-circular cylinder=正圆柱体；vertex=vertices=顶点；32. the rectangular coordinate system=平面直角坐标系；coordinate sign=坐标平面；order pair=有序实数对；four quadrants=四个象限；slope=斜率；intercept=截距；33. pie chart=圆形图；bar graphs=条带图；naught=n. 无，零a.无价值的，无用的；dimension=尺寸;34. the fraction of=…的比例，占…的部分；35. overhang=v. 悬于…之上，悬垂，向…伸出n.突出物，伸出二. GRE数学高分快速突破—附录部分词汇&表达摘录+其他补充1. 常用数学符号及其英文表达()=round brackets, parentheses; []=square brackets; {}=braces;x n=the nth power of x, x to the power n, x raised to the nth power, x to the nth power; x-10=x to the minus tenth/tenth power; 1/x n=one over x to the n;a5/b2=a to the five over b squared; x1/n=the nth root of x, x to the power one over n;0.035= decimal/point naught three five;4.032525…=four point naught three two five, two five recurring;100℃/F = one hundred degrees Centigrade/Fahrenheit;a: b∷c: d=a is to b an c is to d, a:b=c:d; ‰=per mille2.常用数学术语—字母排列Aabscissa=横坐标；aliquant=除不尽的；aliquot=除得尽的；apiece=每个，每件，每人；arm=直角三角形的股；Bbe across from=在……对面；be contained in=位于...上；block=立体；blot out=涂掉；bound=辩解，范围，邻接；brace=一双；Ccalculate to three decimal places=计算结果保留三位小数；car pool=汽车的合伙使用；cardinal=基数；clear an equation of fractions=将分式方程整式化；common year=平年；complex fraction=繁分数；complex number=复数；concave polygon=凹多边形；concentric circles=同心圆；contractor=承包商；convex polygon=凸多边形；coordinate geometry=解析几何；cross section=横截面；Ddecagon=十边形；decimal fraction=纯小数；decimal place=小数位；deck=一幅纸牌；depreciation=折旧；differential=微分；direct proportion=正比；divided evenly=被整除；dividend=被除数，红利；down=付现款地（和分期付款相对）；Eeccentric=偏心圆，不同圆心的；equivalent equation=同解方程式，等价方程式；evenly even integer=能再平分的数；evenly spaced=等间隔的；extent=维数；Ggrid=格栅；gross=十二打，箩，总额，毛的；Hheptagon=七边形；hexagon=六边形；hyperbola=双曲线；hypotenuse=斜边；Iincluded angle/side=夹角/边；inference=推理，推论；infinitesimal=无穷小；infinity=无穷大；intercalary/leap year=闰年；Llengthwise/lengthways=纵长的；like terms=同类项；literal coefficient=字母系数；Mmargin=利润，赚头；markup/markdown=涨价/降价；micron=微米；minuend=被减数；monomial=单项式；multiplicand=被乘数；multiplier=乘数；Nnonagon=九边形；normal matrix=正规矩阵；numerical coefficient=数字系数；Ooblateness/ellipse=椭圆形；oblique=斜三角形；ordinary scale=十进制；ordinate=纵坐标；Ppenny=一美分硬币；per capita=人均；pool=联营; projected=被预测，被估计；proper subset=真子集；pyramid=角锥体；pythagorean theorem=毕达哥拉斯/勾股定理；Qquadrihedron=三角锥；quantic=齐次/多元齐次多项式；quartic equation=四次方程Rradian=弧度；rectangular hyperbola=等轴双曲线；recurring decimal=循环小数；regular prism=正棱柱；remote interior angle=不相邻内角；round to/off=四舍五入；Ssatisfy=使…成立；scalene=斜的，不等边的；score=20；segment of a circle=弧形；simultaneous equations=联立方程组；Tthe extremes/means of a proportion=比例外/内项；toll=通行税；trinomial=三项式；3.表达相应数目的前缀1:uni-,mono-；2:bi-,du-,di-；3:tri-,ter-；4:tetra-,quad-；5:penta-,quint,6:hex-,sex-；7:sept-,hapta-；8:oct-；9:enn-；10:dec-,deka-.。
初中数学课程标准五级词汇表
初中数学课程标准五级词汇表一、基本词汇1. 数学：studies of quantity,structure and patterns2. 数学家：a person who studies or is an expert in mathematics3. 数：a quantity obtained by the addition or multiplication of numbers4. 数轴：a number line that shows any real number5. 整数：a positive or negative number that doesn't have any fractions6. 分数：a number that represents a part of a whole or a group7. 小数：a number that is not a whole number and is expressed with a decimal point8. 百分数：a number that is expressed as a fraction of one hundred9. 算式：a mathematical statement that shows two expressions are equal10. 方程：a statement that shows the equality of two expressions11. 科学计数法：a standard way of writing numbers using powers of 1012. 代数：a branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols13. 代数式：a mathematical statement that consists of variables, numbers and operations14. 几何：a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of shapes, sizes, relative positions of objects and properties of space15. 图形：a geometric shape or any design or diagram that represents a mathematical concept16. 三角形：a polygon that has three sides and three angles17. 直角三角形：a triangle that has one angle that measures 90 degrees18. 直线：a line that extends in both directions without ending and has no thickness19. 射线：a line that has one endpoint and extends infinitely in one direction20. 线段：a line that has two endpoints and a definite length21. 圆：a shape with no corners or edges, every point on its boundary is at an equal distance from its centre22. 梯形：a shape that has two parallel sides and two non-parallel sides23. 面积：the amount of space inside a two-dimensional figure24. 周长：the total distance around the edge of a two-dimensional figure25. 体积：the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional figure26. 单位：a fixed quantity used as a standard of measurement28. 百分比：a ratio expressed as a fraction of one hundred29. 平均数：the sum of a set of numbers divided by the total number of values30. 中位数：the middle number in a set of values when they are arranged in order31. 众数：the value that appears most frequently in a set of values二、拓展词汇1. 矩形：a shape that has four sides with opposite sides being equal and parallel and all angles being right angles.3. 立方体：a solid object where all six faces are squares of the same size, and the length, width, and height are equal.4. 平行四边形：a quadrilateral in which opposite sides are parallel and congruent.5. 正方形：a square with all four sides of equal length.6. 锐角三角形：a triangle whose all three angles are less than 90 degrees.7. 钝角三角形：a triangle whose one angle is greater than 90 degrees.8. 圆锥：a three-dimensional figure with a circular base and a vertex point above the base where all other points are equidistant from the center of the base.9. 圆柱：a three-dimensional figure with a circular base and a pair of parallel lines extending from the base to the top.10. 抛物线：a U-shaped curve that appears in graph form when plotted.11. 正弦：the ratio of the opposite side of an angle to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.12. 余弦：the ratio of the adjacent side of an angle to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.13. 切线：a straight line that touches a curve at a single point and continues in a different direction.14. 弧：a smooth, curved line on the edge of a circle.15. 弦：a straight line that connects two points on a circle.16. 径：the distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle.。
数学常用英文词汇
数学常用英文词汇这是一篇关于数学常用英文词汇的文章，主要介绍了一些基本的数学概念、符号、函数、图形等的英文表达方式，以及一些常见的数学术语的中英文对照。
文章的目的是帮助读者提高数学英语的阅读和写作能力，以及了解一些数学文化背景。
文章的结构如下：1. 数学基本概念数学是一门研究数量、结构、空间、变化等抽象对象的科学，它具有严密的逻辑和推理，以及广泛的应用¹。
数学可以分为不同的分支，如代数、几何、微积分、概率统计等，每个分支都有自己的特点和方法。
下面是一些数学基本概念的英文词汇：中文英文例句数量quantity数量可以用数字或字母表示。
Quantity can be expressed by numbers or letters.数字number 数字有不同的类型，如自然数、整数、有理数等。
Numbers have different types, such as natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, etc.字母letter 字母可以用来表示未知或变量的数量。
Letters can be used to represent unknown or variable quantities.符号symbol 符号是一种约定俗成的表示方式，如加号、等号、括号等。
Symbols are conventional ways of expression, such as plus sign, equal sign, parentheses, etc.表达式expression表达式是由数字、字母和符号组成的有意义的组合。
Expression is a meaningful combination ofnumbers, letters and symbols.等式equation 等式是两个表达式之间用等号连接的关系。
Equation is a relation between two expressions connected by an equal sign.不等式inequality不等式是两个表达式之间用不等号连接的关系。
数学英语词汇大全学习数学领域的基本概念和数学符号的英文表达
4.3 Limit: The limit defines the value a function approaches as the input approaches a particular value or infinity. Notation: lim (limit symbol)
5.4 Median: The median is the middle value in a set ding order.
5.5 Mode: The mode is the value(s) that appears most frequently in a set of data.
2. Algebraic Expressions:
2.1 Variables: Variables are symbols representing unknown quantities or values. Examples: x, y, z
2.2 Constants: Constants are specific values that do not change in an algebraic expression. Examples: 2, 3.14, -5
1.4 Rational Numbers: Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction (ratio) of two integers. Examples: 1/2, -3/4, 7/5, ...
《数学专业英语》常用英文表达
7
max, min maximum value, minimum value Eample: max f ( x) Maximum value of f(x)
max(a1 ,an ) Maximum value of the series
a1 to an Powers and roots Example: x 2 x squared
10
Function f
2 Example: f ( x ) ax bx c , a 0. The function of x
equals a times the square of x plus b times x plus c, where a is not equal to zero.
Imaginary number and two common irrational numbers
, ratio of the circumference of a circle to its
diameter,approximate value 3.1415926
9
1 x i 1, e lim(1 ) x x
Example:
f ( x ) f double-prime x, f double-dashed x f ( x ) f triple-prime x, f triple-dashed x (4) f ( x ) f four x
8
xn x 1
Example:
3
x x
4 n
x x
fourth root (of) x
nth root (of) x
Example: 24 16 Two to the fourth power is sixteen
常用数学符号的英文表达
常用数学符号的英文表达第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合set元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection差集difference of set基本集basic set补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval闭区间closed interval半开区间half open interval有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval领域neighborhood领域的中心centre of a neighborhood领域的半径radius of a neighborhood左领域left neighborhood右领域right neighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mapping of X ontoY满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function 对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function 常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列 sequence of number收敛 convergence收敛于 a converge to a发散 divergent极限的唯一性 uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性 boundedness of a convergent sequence子列 subsequence函数的极限 limits of functions函数()f x 当x 趋于x 0时的极限 limit of functions ()f x as x approaches x 0 左极限 left limit右极限 right limit单侧极限 one-sided limits水平渐近线 horizontal asymptote无穷小 infinitesimal无穷大 infinity铅直渐近线 vertical asymptote夹逼准则 squeeze rule单调数列 monotonic sequence高阶无穷小 infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小 infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小 infinitesimal of the same order等阶无穷小 equivalent infinitesimal函数的连续性 continuity of a function增量 increment函数()f x 在x 0连续 the function ()f x is continuous at x 0左连续 left continuous右连续 right continuous区间上的连续函数 continuous function函数()f x 在该区间上连续 function ()f x is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions 定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem。
数值分析中常用数学词汇英中文对照翻译.
数值分析中常用数学词汇英中文对照abbreviation 简写符号;简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速accumulation 累积accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律additive property 可加性adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设analysis 分析;解析angle 角anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积argument (1论证; (2辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术array 数组; 数组ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assumption 假定;假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptote 渐近augmented matrix 增广矩阵average 平均;平均数;平均值axiom 公理back substitution 回代base (1底;(2基;基数basis 基belong to 属于bias 偏差;偏倚billion 十亿binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary system 二进制binomial 二项式bisection method 分半法;分半方法boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线;边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度calculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器calculus (1 微积分学; (2 演算cancel 消法;相消Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标category 类型;范畴centre 中心;心chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of variable 换元;变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征方程characteristic function 特征(征函数characteristic root 特征(征根chart 图;图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算circle 圆classification 分类clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面column (1列;纵行;(2 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因子;公因子common multiple 公位数;公倍comparable 可比较的complement 余;补余completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex number plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量composite function 复合函数; 合成函数computation 计算computer 计算机;电子计算器concept 概念conclusion 结论condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式conjugate 共轭constant 常数constant of integration 积分常数constraint 约束;约束条件continuity 连续性continuous function 连续函数contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数convex 凸convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correspondence 对应counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cube 正方体;立方;立方体cubic 三次方;立方;三次(的 cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cumulative 累积的curve 曲线decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制definite integral 定积分definition 定义degree (1 度; (2 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1相关; (2应变derivable 可导derivative 导数determinant 行列式diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵difference 差difference equation 差分方程differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数direction 方向; 方位discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的;连续(的; 不连续(的discontinuous point 不连续点discrete 分立; 离散distance 距离diverge 发散divergence 发散(性divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divide 除dividend (1被除数;divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子dot 点dot product 点积echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量element 元素elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法empty set 空集equivalent 等价(的error 误差error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项estimate 估计;估计量evaluate 计值exact 真确exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例expand 展开experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数express…in terms of… 以………表达extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解;因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的falsehood 假值finite 有限finite sequence 有限序列first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程fixed point 不动点fixed point iteration method 不动点迭代法for all X 对所有X for each /every X 对每一Xform 形式;型format 格式;规格formula(formulae 公式fraction 分数;分式function 函数fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通项given 给定;已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值gradient (1斜率;倾斜率;(2梯度graph 图像;图形;图表graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解growth 增长higher order derivative 高阶导数horizontal 水平的;水平hypothesis 假设identity 等(式identity matrix 恒等矩阵if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…, then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像imaginary number 虚数implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵;蕴含improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分increase 递增;增加indefinite integral 不定积分independence 独立;自变inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限;无穷infinite sequence 无限序列;无穷序列infinite series 无限级数;无穷级数infinitesimal 无限小;无穷小infinity 无限(大;无穷(大initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件;初值条件initial value 初值;始值initial-value problem 初值问题inner product 内积input 输入integer 整数integral 积分integrate 积;积分;......的积分integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法;换元积分法interchange 互换intermediate value theorem 介值定理interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值interval 区间intuition 直观invalid 失效;无效invariance 不变性invariant (1不变的;(2不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵iterate (1迭代值; (2迭代iteration 迭代iterative method 迭代法known 己知Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线lemma 引理limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限line of best-fit 最佳拟合line segment 线段linear 线性;一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元线性方程linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的local maximum 局部极大(值local minimum 局部极小(值logic 逻辑long division method 长除法loop 回路lower bound 下界lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式magnitude 量;数量;长度;大小mantissa 尾数matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差mean value theorem 中值定理method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法;换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法minimize 极小minus 减modulus of a complex number 复数的模monomial 单项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplication 乘法multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直n factorial n阶乘n th derivative n阶导数n th root n次根;n次方根n the root of unity 单位的n次根natural logarithm 自然对数necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negative 负neighborhood 邻域Newton-Cote's rule 牛顿- 高斯法则Newton-Raphson's method 牛顿- 纳逊方法Newton's formula 牛顿公式Newton's method 牛顿方法non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-singular (1满秩的; (2非奇异的non-singular matrix 满秩矩阵non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零norm 模方; 范数normal (1垂直的;正交的;法线的(2正态的(3正常的;正规的normalize 正规化normalized form 标准型notation 记法;记号null 零; 空null set 空集null vector 零向量number 数numerator 分子numerical method 计算方法;数值法objective function 目标函数octant 卦限odd function 奇函数one-to-one 一个对一个one-one correspondence 一一对应operation 运算order of a matrix 矩阵的阶ordinary differential equation 常微分方程origin 原点orthogonal 正交orthogonality 正交性 outcome 结果 output 输出 parameter 参数；参变量parametric equation 参数方程 partition 分割; 划分 periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列 perpendicular 垂线；垂直(于 phase 相; 位相 pivot 支点 plot 绘图plus 加 point 点 polynomial 多项式 polynomial equation 多项式方程 positive 正 post-multiply 后乘; 自右乘 premultiply 前乘; 自左乘 prime 素 product 乘积；积 proper integral 正常积分 property 性质 quadratic convergence 二阶收敛性 quadratic formula 二次公式 quadratic function 二次函数 quadratic inequality 二次不等式 quadrature 求积法 quadrilateral 四边形 quotient 商；商式 quotient rule 商法则 R.H.S 右 rank 秩 rate of convergence 收敛率 ratio 比 ; 比率 rational function 有理函数 real number 实数 real part 实部 real root 实根 reciprocal 倒数 rectangle 长方形；矩形 recurrence formula 递推公式 recurrent 循环的 recurring decimal 循环小数 reduce 简化 region 区域 region of convergency 收敛区域 regular 正；规则 relative error 相对误差 remainder term 余项root 根 rotation 旋转 rounded number 舍数 rounding(off 舍入；四舍五入 row 行；棋行 row vector 行向量; 行矢量 rule 规则；法(则 satisfy 满足；适合 scalar 纯量; 无向量, 标量 scalar matrix 纯量矩阵 scale 比例尺；标度；图尺 scientific notation 科学记数法 secant (1正割; (2割线 secant method 正割法 second derivative 二阶导数 second order ordinary differential equation 二阶常微分方程 sentence 句；语句 sequence 序列series 级数 set 集 shaded portion 有阴影部分 shape 形状 shear 位移 side 边；侧 sign 符号；记号 signed number 有符号数 significant figure 有效数字 signum 正负号函数similar 相似 simplify 简化 Simpson's integral 森逊积分 Simpson's rule 森逊法则singular 奇的 singular matrix 奇异矩阵; 不可逆矩阵 span 生成 square (1平方；(2正方形 square bracket 方括号square matrix 方(矩阵 stability 稳度 stationary 平稳 stationary point 平稳点; 逗留点; 驻点 straight line 直线 subset 子集 substitute 代入 substitution 代入; 代入法subtract 减 subtraction 减法 successive approximation 逐次逼近法 successive derivative 逐次导数 successive differentiation 逐次微分法 sufficiency 充份性 sufficient and necessary condition 充要条件 sufficient condition 充份条件 sufficiently close 充份接近suffix 下标 sum 和 summation 求和法; 总和 symbol 符号; 记号 symmetry 对称; 对称性Taylor’s expansion 泰勒展开式 term 项 transpose 移项；转置 transpose of matrix 倒置矩阵；转置矩阵 trapezium 梯形 trapezoidal integral 梯形积分 trapezoidal rule 梯形法则 trial 试；试验 triangle 三角形 triangular matrix 三角矩阵 trigonometric equation 三角方程 trigonometric function 三角函数 triple 三倍 trivial solution 平凡解truncation error 截断误差 undefined 未下定义(的 undetermined coefficient 待定系数unequal 不等 unique solution 唯一解 uniqueness 唯一性 unit 单位 unit area 单位面积unit circle 单位圆 unknown 未知数；未知量 upper bound 上界 upper limit 上限 upper triangular matrix 上三角形矩阵 validity 真确性; 有效性 variable 变项；变量；元；变元；变数 vector 向量; 矢量 vector function 向量函数; 矢量函数 vector product 矢量积; 矢量积 vector space 向量空间 verify 证明；验证 weight (1重量；(2权 weighted average, weighted mean 加权平均数 without loss of generality 不失一般性 x-axis x 轴x-coordinate x 坐标 x-intercept x 轴截距 y-axis y 轴 y-coordinate y 坐标 y-intercept y轴截距 zero 零 zero factor 零因子 zero matrix 零矩阵 zero vector 零向量 zeros of a function 函数零值。
常用数学符号的英文表达
常用数学符号的英文表达English Expression of the Mathematical Symbol in Common Use第一部分英汉微积分词汇Part1 English-Chinese Calculus V ocabulary第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合set元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection差集difference of set基本集basic set补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval闭区间closed interval半开区间half open interval有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval领域neighborhood领域的中心centre of a neighborhood领域的半径radius of a neighborhood左领域left neighborhood右领域right neighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mapping of X ontoY满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function 逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数 trigonometric function反三角函数 inverse trigonometric function 常数函数 constant function 双曲函数 hyperbolic function 双曲正弦 hyperbolic sine 双曲余弦 hyperbolic cosine 双曲正切 hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦 inverse hyperbolic sine 反双曲余弦 inverse hyperbolic cosine 反双曲正切 inverse hyperbolic tangent 极限 limit数列 sequence of number 收敛 convergence 收敛于 a converge to a 发散 divergent极限的唯一性 uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性 boundedness of aconvergent sequence子列 subsequence函数的极限 limits of functions函数()f x 当x 趋于x 0时的极限 limit of functions ()f x as x approaches x 0 左极限 left limit 右极限 right limit单侧极限 one-sided limits水平渐近线 horizontal asymptote 无穷小 infinitesimal 无穷大 infinity铅直渐近线 vertical asymptote 夹逼准则 squeeze rule单调数列 monotonic sequence高阶无穷小 infinitesimal of higher order 低阶无穷小 infinitesimal of lower order 同阶无穷小 infinitesimal of the same order 等阶无穷小 equivalent infinitesimal 函数的连续性 continuity of a function 增量 increment函数()f x 在x 0连续 the function ()f x is continuous at x 0左连续 left continuous 右连续 right continuous区间上的连续函数 continuous function 函数()f x 在该区间上连续 function ()f x is continuous on an interval 不连续点 discontinuity point第一类间断点 discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点 discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性 continuity of the elementary functions定义区间 defined interval最大值 global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值 global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理 the zero point theorem 介值定理 intermediate value theorem第二章 导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential 速度 velocity匀速运动 uniform motion 平均速度 average velocity瞬时速度 instantaneous velocity 圆的切线 tangent line of a circle 切线 tangent line切线的斜率 slope of the tangent line 位置函数 position function 导数 derivative 可导 derivable函数的变化率问题 problem of the change rate of a function导函数 derived function 左导数 left-hand derivative 右导数 right-hand derivative 单侧导数 one-sided derivatives()f x 在闭区间【a,b 】上可导 ()f x isderivable on the closed interval [a,b] 切线方程 tangent equation 角速度 angular velocity 成本函数 cost function 边际成本 marginal cost 链式法则 chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error 绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 MeanValue Theorem of Differentials and the Application of Derivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term 麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term 凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, cancave up凹向下的，向上凸的concave downward’concave down拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) mximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(antiderivative) 积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on an integvals牛顿－莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式fundamental formula of calculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of acurve 可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector 三角法则triangle rule平行四边形法则parallelogram rule交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角angle between vector a and b方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积，外积，叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis圆锥面cone顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloidsof one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面parabolic cylinder空间曲线space curve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve螺转线spiral螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes 点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a line in space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set连通集connected set开区域open region闭区域closed region有界集bounded set无界集unbounded setn维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point一致连续uniformly continuous偏导数partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order二阶偏导数second order partial derivative 混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential全增量total increment可微分differentiable必要条件necessary condition充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation向量值函数vector-valued function切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient数量场scalar field梯度场gradient field向量场vector field势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values 条件极值conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system 柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system反常二重积分improper double integral曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line(Curve)Integrals and Surface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region复连通区域complex connected region格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator格林第一公式Green’s first formula通量flux散度divergence斯托克斯公式Stokes formula环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term部分和partial sum余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence正项级数series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test交错级数alternating series绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product函数项级数series of functions发散点point of divergence收敛点point of convergence收敛域convergence domain和函数sum function幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series 阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem收敛半径radius of convergence收敛区间interval of convergence泰勒级数Taylor series麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series二项展开式binomial expansion近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error欧拉公式Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave谐波分析harmonic analysis 直流分量direct component基波fundamental wave二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system 傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series余弦级数cosine series奇延拓odd prolongation偶延拓even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程solve a dirrerential equation 常微分方程ordinary differential equation 偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE微分方程的阶order of a differential equation微分方程的解solution of a differential equation微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation隐式解implicit solution隐式通解inplicit general solution衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linearequation常数变易法method of variation of constant暂态电流transient stata current稳态电流steady state current伯努利方程Bernoulli equation全微分方程total differential equation积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linera differential equation of higher order自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order linera differential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independce二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneour linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping 固有频率natural frequency简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation幂级数解法power series solution数值解法numerial solution勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组system of linera differential equations with constant c。
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数学基本概念中英对比整理(李旻)
1、有关基本运算：
add，plus加
subtract减
difference差
multiply, times乘
product积
divide除
divisible可被整除的
divided evenly被整除
dividend被除数
divisor因子，除数
quotient商
remainder余数
factorial阶乘
power乘方
radical sign, root sign根号round to四舍五入
to the nearest四舍五入
2.有关集合:
union并集
proper subset真子集
solution set解集
3.有关代数式、方程和不等式: algebraic term代数项
like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式
triangle inequality三角不等式range值域
original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程
等价方程
linear equation线性方程
(e.g.5?x?+6=22)
4.有关分数和小数:
proper fraction真分数
improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数
vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数
simple fraction简分数
complex fraction繁分数
numerator分子
denominator分母
(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一
decimal fraction纯小数
infinite decimal无穷小数
recurring decimal循环小数
tenths unit十分位
5.基本数学概:
arithmetic mean算术平均值
weighted average加权平均值
geometric mean几何平均数
exponent指数，幂
base乘幂的底数,底边
cube立方数，立方体
square root平方根
cube root立方根
common logarithm常用对数
digit数字
constant常数
variable变量
inverse function反函数complementary function余函数
linear一次的，线性的
factorization因式分解
absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 round off四舍五入
6.有关数论;
natural number自然数
positive number正数
negative number负数
odd integer, odd number奇数
even integer, even number偶数integer, whole number整数
positive whole number正整数
negative whole number负整数
consecutive number连续整数
real number, rational number实数,有理
数
irrational(number)无理数
inverse倒数
composite number合数
e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……
prime number质数
e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……
reciprocal倒数
common divisor公约数
multiple倍数
(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子
common factor公因子
ordinary scale, decimal scale十进制nonnegative非负的
tens十位
units个位
mode众数
median中数
common ratio公比
7.数列:
arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列
geometric progression(sequence)等比数列
8.其它:
approximate近似
(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向
cardinal基数
ordinal序数
direct proportion正比
distinct不同的
estimation估计，近似
parentheses括号
proportion比例
permutation排列
combination组合
table表格
trigonometric function三角函数
unit单位,位几何部分
1.所有的角
alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角
central angle圆心角
interior angle内角
exterior angle外角
supplement angles补角complement angle余角
adjacent angle邻角
acute angle锐角
obtuse angle钝角
right angle直角
round angle周角
straight angle平角
included angle夹角
2.所有的三角形
equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形
oblique斜三角形
inscribed triangle内接三角形
3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆
concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形
pentagon五边形
hexagon六边形
heptagon七边形
octagon八边形
nonagon九边形
decagon十边形
polygon多边形
parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形
plane平面
square正方形，平方
rectangle长方形
regular polygon正多边形
rhombus菱形
trapezoid梯形
4.其它平面图形
arc弧
line, straight line直线
line segment线段
parallel lines平行线
segment of a circle弧形
5.有关立体图形
cube立方体，立方数
rectangular solid长方体
regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体
circular cylinder圆柱体
cone圆锥
sphere球体
solid立体的
6.有关图形上的附属物
altitude高
depth深度
side边长
circumference, perimeter周长
radian弧度
surface area 表面积
volume体积
arm直角三角形的股
cross section横截面
center of a circle圆心
chord弦
radius半径
angle bisector角平分线
diagonal对角线
diameter直径
edge棱
face of a solid立体的面
hypotenuse斜边
included side夹边
leg三角形的直角边
median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数)
opposite直角三角形中的对边
midpoint中点
endpoint端点
vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点
tangent切线的
transversal截线
intercept截距
7.有关坐标
coordinate system坐标系
rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点
abscissa横坐标
ordinate纵坐标
number line数轴
quadrant象限
slope斜率
complex plane复平面
8.其它
plane geometry平面几何
trigonometry三角学
bisect平分
circumscribe外切
inscribe内切
intersect相交
perpendicular垂直
Pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的
multilateral多边的。