条件句 Conditional Sentence
特殊句式的类型
特殊句式的类型特殊句式是指在语法结构上有特殊形式或用法的句子。
下面是一些特殊句式的类型以及相关的参考内容。
1. 倒装句( Inversion)倒装句是指将正常句子的主语和谓语动词的位置倒置，常用于表示强调、修饰和交际功能等场景。
比如:- Not only did she win the race, but she also broke the record. (不仅她赢得了比赛，而且她还打破了纪录。
)- Under no circumstances should you give up. (在任何情况下你都不应该放弃。
)2. 条件句(Conditional Sentences)条件句是指根据不同的条件表达不同的结果。
常用的条件句类型有：零条件句、一般条件句、虚拟条件句等。
比如:- If I see him, I will tell him the news. (如果我看到他，我会告诉他这个消息。
)- Should he come, please let me know. (如果他来，请告诉我。
)3. 强调句(Emphatic Sentences)强调句是通过强调某个成分来使其更突出。
常用的强调句结构有：It is/was + 被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。
比如:- It was Tom who broke the window. (是汤姆打破了窗户。
)- It is the result, not the effort, that matters. (重要的是结果，而不是努力。
)4. 比较句(Comparison Sentences)比较句是用来比较两个对象或者描述相对关系的句子。
常用的比较句结构有：as+adj./adv. +as, not as+adj./adv.+as,more/less+adj./adv.+ than等。
比如:- He runs as fast as a cheetah. (他跑得像一只猎豹一样快。
Conditionalsentences(1)
If you go to the party, you will have a good time. You will have a good time if you go to the party.
Put the words and phrases into a conditional sentence with if. 把下列单词和短语组成一个if条件状语从句。
dance
BB:: IIff hIe’m/sheapipsyh, appy, hIe/wsilhl_e_w_i.ll___.
laugh
study hard
if 引导的条件状语从句
if引导条件状语从句，表示“_如__果___”。 如果假设的条件成立，事情就会发生。
If-clause（if条件句）
If he studies hard, he will get good grades.
如果你们不喜欢待在家里，就出去散个步吧！
Go out for a walk if you don’t want to stay at home .
如果你累了，就休息一下。
If you are tired, have a rest .
Look and find it out
If you need any help, you can call me.
Have a try
1. If I walk (walk) to school, I _w_o_n_‘_t_g_e_t (not get) to school on time. 2. If he visits (visit) the museum, he_w__il_l _h_ave (have) fun. 3. C__o_m_e_(come) to Xi'an if you h_a_v_e_(have) time. 4. If you _d_o_n_’t_l_ik_e__(not like) the party, just_t_e_l_l _ (tell) Andy. 5. If you _b_re_a_k_ (break)Tom’s cup, you should _b_u_y_ (buy) him a new one. 6. He can_m_e_e_t_( meet) his friends if he _fi_n_is_h_e_s_ (finish) his homework.
英语中的条件句
英语中的条件句Sure, let's talk about conditional sentences in English. There are four main types of conditional sentences: zero, first, second, and third conditional.The zero conditional is used to talk about generaltruths or scientific facts. It follows the pattern "if + present simple, present simple." For example, "If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils."The first conditional is used to talk about real and possible situations in the future. It follows the pattern "if + present simple, will + base form of the verb." For example, "If it rains, I will bring an umbrella."The second conditional is used to talk about unreal or unlikely situations in the present or future. It follows the pattern "if + past simple, would + base form of the verb." For example, "If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house."The third conditional is used to talk about unreal or unlikely situations in the past. It follows the pattern "if+ past perfect, would have + past participle." For example, "If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam."中文翻译：在英语中，条件句有四种主要类型：零条件句，一级条件句，二级条件句和三级条件句。
英文作文高级句式
英文作文高级句式当提升英文作文的水平时，使用一些高级句式可以使文章更具吸引力和表达能力。
以下是一些常用的高级句式，可以帮助你提升英文写作水平：1. 倒装句 (Inversion):Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.Not only did he finish the project on time, but he also exceeded expectations.2. 强调句 (Emphatic Sentence):It was she who discovered the hidden treasure.It is in times of adversity that true character is revealed.3. 条件句 (Conditional Sentence):Were I to win the lottery, I would travel the world.If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.4. 虚拟语气 (Subjunctive Mood):I wish I were taller.If I were you, I would apologize.5. 插入语 (Appositive):My brother, a talented musician, will perform at the concert.The city, a bustling metropolis, never sleeps.6. 分词结构 (Participle Phrases):Walking slowly, she enjoyed the scenery.Surprised by the news, he stood still for a moment.7. 定语从句 (Relative Clauses):The book, which was written by Shakespeare, is a classic.The woman who lives next door is a doctor.8. 比喻和象征 (Metaphor and Symbolism):Time is a thief stealing moments from our lives.The dove symbolizes peace and harmony.9. 排比句 (Parallelism):He likes to hike, swim, and cycle in his free time.She is not only intelligent but also kind-hearted.10. 反问句 (Rhetorical Question):Do we really understand the consequences of our actions?Can anyone deny the importance of education?以上是一些常见的高级句式，它们可以让你的英文作文更加丰富多彩。
英语语法if条件句conditionals
It is used to express a condition that occurred in the past and was onging at that time Example: If I was earning money, I was able to pay my debts
Future tense
conditional intentions • The Ellipsis Form of If Conditional Sentence • Notes on If conditional senses
01
The definition and structure of If conditional senses
Simple future tense
It is used to express a condition that will occur in the future Example: If I will have money, I will buy a new car
Future continuous tense
Example
"If you run a marathon, (you will) complete 26.2 miles." In this example, the subject "you" is committed from the main clause
语法课-条件句--Conditional
第四种类型：与过去事实相反的非真实条件句
基本形式:(If) had + -ed 分词 + (Main) would (could, might, etc) have + -ed 分词 Eg: We would / could / might have called you if we had known your telephone number. If we had caught that plane, we could have been taking part in the celebrations.
条件句 Conditional
条件句的结构：条件状语分句+主句
第一种类型：真实条件句 Real Conditional
1.表示普遍真理和客观事实 Eg: If you heat ice, it melts.
If you pour oil on water, it floats. 由上述诸例可以看出，凡表示不受时间限制的自然法则的条件句，其从句和主
如果不是闰年（leap year），二月份有多少天？ How many days are there in February if it is not a leap year? 如果这没有许多蚊子，晚会就十全十美了。 If there weren’t so many mosquitoes, it would be a perfect
在时： (If) simple present +(Main) simple present 3.表示过去习惯动作
Eg: If I was hungry, I usually had a full meal.
If I made a promise, I kept it. 在上述表示过去习惯动作的条件句中，从句和主句的谓语动词都用一般过去时：
Conditionalsentences(1)
William’s mum is giving him advice about his problems. Match the half-sentences from the boxes to complete her advice for him.
If you go to bed early, If you call your friends, If you check your timetable every night, If you look it up in the dictionary,
will go to the park.
• 3. If you __a_r_e__ (be) ill, you must go to see
the doctor.
• 4. Please ring me up if you_w__a_n_t_ (want) to
go with me.
• 5. If she _s_a__y_s_(say) hello to me, I _w_i_ll_s__a_y
If you enjoy history and natural beauty, you will love this garden.
If 引导的条件状语从句
Conditional sentences with “if”
When do we use conditional sentences with “if”?
Read these sentences and pay attention to the tense
• 1.If he runs, he’ll get there in time. • 2.He will help you if you ask him. • 3.If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. • 4.If you get up late, you will be late for school.
什么是虚拟语气的条件句
什么是虚拟语气的条件句？虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中一种特殊的语气形式，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实的情况。
虚拟语气在条件句（Conditional Sentences）中经常使用，以表达某种条件下可能发生的情况。
条件句分为三种类型：真实条件句（Real Conditional Sentences）、虚拟条件句（Unreal Conditional Sentences）和混合条件句（Mixed Conditional Sentences）。
在虚拟条件句中，常常使用虚拟语气来表示与事实相反的情况。
虚拟条件句分为两个部分：条件部分和结果部分。
条件部分陈述了一个假设或条件，而结果部分陈述了与该条件相关的可能结果。
以下是虚拟条件句的几个例子：1. 如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
（真实条件句）If I have time, I will travel.2. 如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
（虚拟条件句）If I had time, I would travel.3. 如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
（混合条件句）If I had time, I would have traveled.在虚拟条件句中，条件部分使用虚拟语气来表示与事实相反、或者是不可能实现的情况。
通常在条件部分使用过去时的形式，例如使用过去完成时或过去简单时。
结果部分则根据条件部分的虚拟语气形式进行相应的变化，使用would + 动词原形来表示结果。
需要注意的是，虚拟条件句中的动词形式取决于条件的类型和时间。
例如，对于与现在事实相反的情况，条件部分使用过去时，结果部分使用would + 动词原形。
对于与过去事实相反的情况，条件部分使用过去完成时，结果部分使用would + have + 过去分词。
对于与将来事实相反的情况，条件部分使用过去时，结果部分使用would + 动词原形。
总之，虚拟语气在条件句中用于表示与事实相反或不可能实现的情况。
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34.2 Type I : whenever-type real conditional
Exercise 2
Make up a sentence using the following phrases.
Example lazy, fail in exam If you’re lazy, you’ll be failed in the exam.
1. not rain tomorrow, go for a picnic Answer Answer
PAST PRESENT If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.
PAST Future If she had signed up for the ski trip last week, she
would join us tomorrow.
Exercise 6 Translation
What is questioned is whether a country like Britain has a
chance, assuming it has the will, to succeed where so many have failed, and even assuming that it has, should make the tremendous effort and take substantial financial risk of trying to leap-frog into leadership in entirely new technology, or whether it should take the softer option of merely catching up with the rest of the industrialized world.
Unreal Real I might have seen him, but
he didn’t come to the party.
Real Unreal He isn’t here now, or he would agree with me. or He didn’t come to the party, otherwise I might otherwise
Use: to denote universal truths or general validity
to denote present habitual actions to denote past habitual actions If=when/whenever/every time
have seen him.
34.7 Replacing if
If can be replaced by words or expressions with a similar
meaning.
– He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.
PRESENT PAST If Sam spoke Russian, he would have translated the
letter for you.
34.6 Mixed Conditionals
2 Sometimes the validity of the if-clause is not the same as the validity of the result.
34.3 Type II : Probable Real Conditional
Used for talking about possibilities in the
present or in the future.
If clause Simple Present
main clause will-future imperative modal + infinitive I will pass the exams. tell him to e-mail me. he can catch the bus.
Exercise 5
5. 6.
If I were you, I would not listen to him. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
√
If you had recognized him, you would have spoken to him. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
– In case (that) he comes, let me know.
– I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow.
– I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. (granted/granting that) – Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do? (assume/assuming that) – I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time.
in the present or in the future.
main clause
If clause Simple Past
would infinitive could infinitive might infinitive
If I had a day off from work I would go to the beach. next week, I could go to the beach. I might go to the beach.
Conditional sentences consist of 2 parts
one that expresses the condition
– Introduced by the word “if”, commonly known as “if clause”.
one that expresses the consequence.
√
34.6 Mixed Conditionals
1 Sometimes Unreal Conditional sentences are mixed. This means that the time in the if-clause is not the same as the time in the result.
Try to distinguish the followingsente Nhomakorabeaces. √
1.
2. 3. 4.
If you take a taxi, you can get there in time for the play. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
If I had known your arrival, I should have met you. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
If I study, If you see John tonight, If Ben gets up early
Exercise 1
如果核武器用于世界大战，世界就会毁
灭。 If nuclear weapons are employed in a world war, the world will be destroyed.
√
If the weather is nice, she walks to work. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
√
If I dropped this bomb, it would explode. Type I Type II Type III Type IV
√
2. go to school on foot, late
3. do not have breakfast, hungry Answer
34.4 Type III: Improbable Unreal Conditional
Used for talking about unreal situations
If I had studied,
Exercise 4
如果她未结婚的话，她可能会在她的领
域中有所成就。 If she had not married, she would probably have become something special in her field.
Exercise 5
Conditional Sentence 条件句
Key Points
– Type I ~Type IV Conditionals – Mixed Conditionals – Replacing if
– Omitting if
– if vs. when; in case vs. if
34.1 Introduction
34.5 Type IV: Imaginary Unreal Conditional
Used for talking about unreal situations
in the past
If clause (If) had ed-participle