english exercise(15)

ASSIGNMENT(3.25-3.28)!!Name:________________!1. When Steve Fossett first attempted his solo balloon flight around thunderstorms over Argentina. Consequently, his balloon was damaged and he was forced to end his trip.!A. wasn’t anticipatingB. wouldn't anticipate!C. had anticipated notD. had not anticipated2. Leslie's upset. She invited about 20 people to her house for a party and then no one!showed up. The least they have done was to call to say they to go.!A. might; were goingB. could; weren't going!C.might;weren’t supposedD.should;were going3. I wish I myself better in English, but I .!A. will express; won'tB. could express; can't!C. would express; won'tD. can express; can't4. the interview in Boston lasted so long, I missed my connecting flight to!New York.A.DuetoB.WhenC.AsD.Despite!5. Mike: Why haven't more women chosen careers in science?Alice: Well, first of all, most children grow up with the idea that boys understand!science more easily than girls do. This continues in the high school and college years. Later, it's hard for a woman to get a job in science.!Mike:____________________________Alice:Well, no, I didn't. A career doesn't get in the way. My husband and children try to understand my work and they are willing to help me. I know many women scientists who have happily arrived and have families.!A. Did you sacrifice a family for your work?B. Did you feel happy with your life?C. Did you have something interesting to share with us?D. Did you get a higher salary?!6. The Chinese Red Cross____ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.!A. contributedB. assignedC. furnishedD. provided!7. Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable ___ to the total cost of the product. !A. proportionB. correlationC. connectionD. correspondence!8. You can ____ your shorthand ability by taking notes in shorthand during lectures.!A. keep onB. keep upC. keep backD. keep down !9. John’s record in school was always ____, if never brilliant.!A respected B. respectable C. respectful D. respective!10. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from natural sources without turning____ the salt bottle.!A. upB. toC. onD. over!11. The captive was ___ in a dungeon.!A. restrictedB. confinedC. controlledD. restrained!12. The old-tanker is running_____.!A. to the best of its abilityB. of great capacity!C. to capacityD. at full capacity!13. “ The car is smashed so badly; it’s no good any more.”!“That’s____.”!A. no problemB. for certainC. for sureD. sure enough!14. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is_____.!A. grantedB. impliedC. exaggeratedD. remedied!15. Jack is especially ____ to lose his temper before his employees. !A. passiveB. gaseousC. liableD. circular!16. The girl was ____ a shop assistant; she is now a manager in a large department store.!A. preliminarilyB. presumablyC. formallyD. formerly!17. Bob thought he had all the right _____ for the job, so he went bravely to the manager.!A. qualificationsB. diplomasC. certificatesD. identification!18. Wherever there is matter, there is energy; all changes of matter_____ changes in the form of the energy.A. retainB. includeC. involveD. contain!19. When _____ with the evidence of his guilt, he confessed at once.!A. facingB. broughtC. appearedD. confronted!20. His attitude to work mainly depends on _____ from the work.!A.the offerB. the awardC. the rewardD. the reflection!21. The victim ______________________________（本来有机会活下来） if he had been taken to hospital in time .!22. Though a skilled worker, _________________________（他被公司解雇了） last week because of the economic crisis.!23. He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, ________________（也从未屈服于任何困难）.!24. The little boy next door has been beating his drum for a whole morning, which got on my nerves so much ____________________________________（以⾄至于我⽆无法集中注意⼒力学习）.!25. The scientist tried to convince us that a tiger would not attack us ___________________________（除⾮非它⾛走途⽆无路）.!26. The nation ' s population continues to rise ________________________ （以每年 1200 万⼈人的速度）!27.（如果你设法与Smith先⽣生取得联系）_______________________ the problem will be solved easily because he is an expert in this field.!28. The problem lies in how people look at those students ____________________（专⼼心追求知识的）.!29.Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the words below. Each word can be used only once.! It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are !going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...!Such absent-mindedness may be __S1__ to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory !glasses that record everything the __S2__ sees.!The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also __S3__ the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain __S4__ by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a __S5__ label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills !in.!It could be used in __S6__ plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a !__S7__ device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for __S8__ could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could __S9__ !accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, __S10__ points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.![A] allow [B] instance [C] blank [D] industrial [E] frustrating [F] items[G] indicating [H] highlight [I] user [J] complicated [K] white [L] annoying![M] successful [N] articles [O] simple!30.There are 20 blanks in the following passage, for each blank there are 4 possible answers. Choose one answer for each blank according to the context.!Putting feelings into words makes sadness and anger less intense, U. S. brain researchers said on!!Wednesday, in a finding that explains why S1 to a therapist often makes people feel better.!They said talking about negative feelings S2 a part of the brain S3 for impulse control. "This region of the brain seems to be S4 in putting on the brakes, "said researcher Matthew Lieberman. He and colleaguesS5 the brains of 30 people-18 women and 12 men between 18 and 36-who were shown pictures of facesS6 strong emotions. They were asked to S7 the feelings in words like sad or angry, or to choose between !two gender-specific names S8 "Sally or Harry" that matched the face.!S9 they found is that when people S10 a word like "angry" to an angry-looking face, the S11 in the portion of the brain that handles fear, panic and other strong emotions decreased. "This seems to dampen !down the response in these basic emotional S12 in the brain"Lieberman said in a telephone interview.! What lights S13 instead is the part of the brain that controls impulses. "This is the only region of the entire brain that is more active when you choose an emotional word for the picture S14 when you choose a name for the picture, " he said.!!He said the same region of the brain has been found in S15 studies to play a role in motor control. "If you are driving along and you see a yellow light, you have to inhibit one response in order to S16 on the brake, !" he said. "This same region helps to inhibit emotional responses as well. "!The researchers did not find significant differences along gender lines, S17 Lieberman said prior studies had hinted at some S18 in the benefits men and women derived from talking about their feelings. "Women may do more of this S19 , but when men are instructed to do it, they may get S20 benefit from it, " he said.!S1 A) going B) resorting　C) talking D) complaining!S2 A) activates B) stimulates　C) sparkles D) assimilates!S3 A) suitable B) applicable　C) responsive D) responsible!S4 A) engaged B) involved　C) encountered D) evolved!S5 A) studied B) investigated　C) scanned D) examined!S6 A) showing B) expressing　C) having D) presenting!S7 A) describe B) generalize　C) change D) categorize!S8 A) as B) like　C) by D) with!S9 A) Thing B) Result　C) What D) which!S10 A) talked B) referred　C) pointed D) attached!S11 A) response B) action　C) activity D) motion!S12 A) expressions B) movements　C) circuits D) responses!S13 A) up B) in　C) off D) on!S14 A) as B) than　C) to D) comparing!S15 A) early B) original　C) senior D) prior!S16 A) stop B) step　C) stamp D) drive!S17 A) and B) therefore C) but D) because!S18 A) similarities B) discoveries　C) studies D) differences!S19 A) willingly B) reluctantly　C) unconsciously D) spontaneously!!S20 A) more B) less　C) no D) much!31.Correct the errors in the lines marked “Sx”!Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a S1.________ member of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate S2.________ and he scores a goal, enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey. S3._________ To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a S4.________ million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival S5._______ depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radically changed. They became S6.________ chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group attackers. S7.________ Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long S8.________ formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new S9._______ use-that of penning ( 把……关在圈中), controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The! risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. S10._______32.Read the following passage and answer the questions!Seeing in Stereo!Have you ever asked yourself why you have two eyes instead of one, three, or even hundreds as some insects have? Have you wondered why your eyes are set close together on the front of your face rather than on the sides of your head, as on animals like rabbits, antelopes, and horses? The reasons are simple—and !important to the way you see the rest of your world.!Your eyes are like two small cameras. A camera captures an image of an object and records this image in miniature on a small piece of film. Similarly, when you look at something, each eye takes in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeball. From each eye, an optic nerve then sends the image to the brain. Because your eyes are set close together, they view the world from about the same height but fromslightly different angles. While your right eye sees an object a little to the right, your left eye sees the same object slightly to the left. Working as a team, the eyes send the images to the part of your brain called the !cerebral cortex, which assembles them into a single, centered image.!Seeing with two eyes working together is called stereoscopic vision. This allows you to view the world in three dimensions, or 3-D. These dimensions are height, width, and depth. Perceiving depth allows you to judge the distance between you and the objects you see. It also helps you to adjust to the changing angle at which you see something as you move closer to or farther away from it. As you walk along a sidewalk, for example, seeing in stereo helps you to know how close you are to the street, how far you need to walk to arrive at a certain building, and how close you are to stepping on a rock or a piece of glass. As your body moves, your eyes give you a continual flow of information about where things are in relation to where you !are.!If images are coming from only one eye, however, only two of these dimensions—height and width—can be perceived. A world seen with one eye is thus two-dimensional, as in a photograph. Depth perception is !lacking, making it more difficult to move around safely.!Now consider why your two eyes are located on the front of your face. Think of other animals with this same arrangement. Some examples are lions, wolves, and owls. What do these creatures have in common? They are all animals that hunt. These animals have eyes facing directly in front of them. This provides a field of !vision that is about 180 degrees wide, like a half-circle. This kind of sight is called binocular vision.!On the other hand, animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head. This provides nearly a 360-degree field of vision. Because these animals need to be on the alert in order to stay alive, they need to see things coming from the sides and from behind. However, without stereoscopic vision, these animals have a !more difficult time determining how far away a threat is.!With vision that is both stereoscopic and binocular, humans share with predators the ability to see clearly from side to side and to accurately determine how far away objects are. If you think it would be great to have another type of vision, perhaps with hundreds of tiny eyes like many insects do, think again! Each tiny insect eye sees only a tiny part of what the creature is viewing. Besides, what if you needed glasses? Be glad for !the eyesight that you have.!(1)Read the sentence from the passage. !If images are coming from only one eye, however, only two of these dimensions— height and width—can be perceived. !In this sentence, perceived means !A taken.B seen.C understood.D set.!(2)Which claim from the article is least supported by factual evidence? !A Your eyes are like two small cameras. !B This allows you to view the world in three dimensions, or 3-D. !C On the other hand, animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head. !D If you think it would be great to have another type of vision . . . think again! !(3)According to this passage, an eye is like a camera because both !A have an optic nerve.B are able to perceive color.!C record images in miniature.D work only while remaining still.!(4)Stereoscopic vision is a result of having !A.hundreds of eyes, all seeing parts of an image. !B.two eyes close to one another that work together. !C. a three-hundred-sixty-degree field of vision. !D.one eye on either side of the head, each seeing a different image. !(5)Owls, hawks, and eagles have eyes facing frontward because they are !A prey.B birds.C hunters.D large.!(6)This article would most likely be found in a !A.textbook about animal behavior.B.popular science or health magazine.!C.newspaper’s local news section.D.professional journal for eye doctors.!(7)The author of this passage concludes that “seeing in stereo” !A helps people to have better vision than animals have. !B would be better if it allowed for a wider field of vision. !C is an ability humans are fortunate to have. !!D is similar to the way cameras work. !33. Read the following passage and answer the questions!That night as Easton walked home through the rain he felt very depressed. It had been a very bad summer for most people and he had not fared better than the rest. A few weeks with one firm, a few days with!another, then out of a job, then on again for a month perhaps, and so on.!William Easton was a man of medium height, about 23 years old, with fair hair and moustache and blue !eyes. His clothes, though shabby, were clean and neat but the holes in his shoes made it painful to walk.!He was married: his wife was a young woman whose acquaintance he had made when he happened to be employed with others painting the outside of the house where she was a general servant. Easton had been in no hurry to marry for he knew that, taking good times with bad, his wages did not average a pound a !week. However, after going out for 18 months they were finally married.!!That was a year ago.!As a single man he had never troubled much if he happened to be out of work. He always had enough to live on and pocket money besides, but now that he was married it was different; the fear of being‘out’haunted !him all the time.!He had started for Rushton and Co. on the previous Monday after having been idle for three weeks and, as the house where he was working had to be done right through, he had congratulated himself on having secured a job that would last till Christmas; but he now began to fear that what had happened to Jack Linden - a master craftsman - might also happen to himself at any time. He would have to be very careful not to offend Bill Crass in any way. He was afraid that the latter did not like him very much as it was. He knew that Crass could get him the sack at any time and would not scruple to do so if he wanted to make room for some !pal of his.!Crass, the foreman, was quite without special abilities; he was if anything inferior to the majority of the men he supervised. Even so, he pretended to know everything, and the vague references he was in the habit of making to ‘tones’and ‘shades’and‘harmony’ had so impressed Frederick Hunter that the latter was completely taken in. It was by push原 ing himself forward in this way that Crass had managed to get himself !put in charge of the work.!Although Crass did as little as possible himself, he took care to work the others hard. Any man who failed to satisfy him was reported to Hunter as being ‘no good’or‘too slow for a funeral’and was then dispensed with at !the end of the week. Knowing this, all the workers feared and hated the wily Crass.!Some, by giving him pipefuls of tobacco and pints of beer, managed to stay in Crass蒺s favour and often !kept their jobs when better men were dismissed.!As he walked home through the rain thinking of these things, Easton realized that it was not possible to !foresee what a day or even an hour might bring.!(1)As he walked home, Easton felt depressed because __. !A it had been a bad summer for most people, including him !B he was afraid of losing his jobC he had recently got married, despite his low wages!D his shoes were worn out and his feet were hurting(2)The fifth paragraph mentions Easton’s fear of being ‘out’. Is this a fear of ______?!A being unemployedB not having any money!C having nowhere to liveD falling out with his wife !(3)The most senior person mentioned in the passage is ______.!A Jack LindenB Frederick HunterC Bill CrassD William Easton !(4)Crass got his position because Hunter thought he was good at __.!A using languageB managing other people!C understanding colour schemesD repairing or decorating houses !(5)To keep his job, anyone working under Crass had to _____ .!A work hardB give him presentsC take care not to offend himD make room for his‘pals’(6). A good title for the passage would be _.!!A Foreman CrassB An Uncertain FutureC Too Slow for a FuneralD A Miserable Walk!34. Read the following passage and answer the questions!A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time !and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better. !A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy stories. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and !mastered. !There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a !broomstick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl friend. !No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child had ever believed that it was. !(1). In the writer's opinion, a fairy tale _____. !［A］ cannot be read to children without variation because they find no pleasure in it!［B］ will be more effective if it is adapted by parents !［C］ must be made easy so that children can read it on their own!［D］ is no longer needed in developing children's power of memory !(2). According to the passage, some people who are openly against fairy tales argue that _ .!［A］ fairy tales are harmful to children in that they show the primitive cruelty in children !［B］ fairy tales are harmful to children unless they have been adapted by their parent !［C］ fairy tales increase a tendency to sadism in children!［D］ children who have read fairy stories pay little attention to the study of history and mechanics !(3). In the writer's opinion to rid children of fears, fairy stories should be ___.!［A］ told only once!［B］ repeated many times!［C］ told in a realistic setting !［D］ presented vividly!(4). In the writer's opinion, fairy stories ___.!［A］ have a very bad effect on children!［B］ have advantages in cultivating children's imagniativity!［C］ help children to come to terms with fears!［D］ harm children greatly!(5). According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true about fairy stories?!［A］ If children indulged his fantasies in fairy tales instead of being !taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics the world should be full of madman. !［B］ Children can often be greatly terrified when the fairy story is heard for the first time. !［C］ Fairy tales may beneficially direct children's aggressive, destructive and sadistic impulses.!［D］ Fairy tales are no more than stories about imaginary figures with magical powers which has nothing to !do with external world. !35.Read this passage about a young woman who is about to compete in her first skating marathon. Then answer questions.!My First Marathon!by Leslie Hall!Wednesday 10/22/03!Only a few days left before the skating marathon! It doesn’t seem real yet. I am getting ready in every way I !can.!Up until this week, I have been adding miles to my training sessions. Last Saturday, I skated over 30 miles. That is the most I have ever skated at one time. The next day, I was a little tired and sore, but it made me feel confident that I am ready for the 26-mile marathon course. Now I am cutting back on the number of !miles to make sure I am rested. I have also been going for leisurely skates, rather than working on speed.!I fly to Pasco, Washington, tomorrow afternoon, so tonight I will be packing and doing all of the last-minute !chores.!To Do!#Check weather forecast#Pack clothes#Pack skate gear (helmet, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards) Clean skate bearings#Check brake and replace if necessary#Buy spare set of wheels#Pack emergency kit!I’m taking tools, spare bearings, and a spare brake—I probably won’t need any of it, but I’m going to be prepared for any Pasco fiasco! That one time in Monterey taught me to always carry an emergency kit. A screw had popped off my skate when I was careening downhill. Fortunately, there was a lawn nearby, so I bailed out without any damage. The nearest sporting goods store was 5 miles away, so I had to improvise. !The auto parts store had the replacement I needed, but it still meant a 2-mile walk in bare feet.!I’m also going to go online to look at the weather forecast, so I’ll know which clothes to pack. As long as there’s no rain, I’ll be happy. Polyurethane wheels slide on a wet surface, which can only mean disaster—!and lots of bruises.!Thursday 10/23/03!I admit that I love going to new places, but I don’t always like what I have to do to get there. After spending !most of the day waiting in airports and sitting on planes, I am looking forward to a long skate tomorrow.!The last plane trip into Pasco from Seattle was the nicest leg of the journey—I sat next to a woman who reminded me of my grandmother. I liked her all the more because she was impressed that I was going to compete in a marathon. Trying to be modest, I said that skating a marathon was comparable to running !about half the distance, and she said, “Yes, but how many people can go out and run 12 miles?”!She also said that she admired the way I had set a goal and worked toward it. I’d never thought of my training that way—I had been so focused on training that I hadn’t even thought about how hard I had worked to get to the marathon. But she is right—three months ago,!I would have laughed if anyone had suggested that I skate 26 miles, let alone 30.!Friday 10/24/03!I dragged my friend Clarissa out for a skate. It was warm, but so windy we were tempted to turn around. The !wind was our friend on the way back, though.!Unlike me, Clarissa is a sprinter—she has a faster natural stride, but skated only 5 miles, about half the !distance I did. I was trying to convince her to sign up for the marathon, but she doubts she has the stamina.! Saturday 10/25/03!Today I decided to carbo load. I’ve read that eating lots of carbohydrates the night before a race can give your body extra stores of energy, so we went out for a dinner that included French fries and a gooey dessert. !This was after skating another 10 miles, so I didn’t feel too guilty.!Sunday 10/26/03!!Today is the day! Wish me luck!!LATER:!。