英语专业四级考试必考语法9-情态动词
英语四级语法情态动词解析
英语四级语法情态动词解析2016英语四级语法情态动词解析想要学好英语四级怎么能不知道情态动词的用法呢?下面就让店铺为大家详解一下吧。
1)用于第一人称征求对方的意见，如：What shall I wear on the journey? 我路上穿什么好呢?Shall we dance? 我们跳舞好吗?2)shall 用于第二、三人称时表允诺，警告，命令，威胁(现已少见)，如：She shall get her share. 她可以得到她的一份。
You shall have it back tomorrow.你明天可以将它拿回。
情态动词should一般不应被认为是情态动词shall的过去式，主要用法有：1)用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和，如：What should we do now? 我们现在该怎么办?2)表示应该、必须，常与must 换用。
例如：We should (must) master a foreign language at least.我们应当至少掌握一门外语。
3)"should+be+表语"的`结构，表示推测或惊奇。
例如：They should be back by now. 他们现在应该回来了吧。
I am sorry that she should be so careless. 我感到遗憾她竟会那样粗心。
4)"should+have+过去分词"的结构，表示过去该做而实际上尚未做的动作或行为;其否定则表示发生了不应该发生的行为。
其同义结构"ought to have +过去分词",表示过去"早应该"、"本当"之意，语气较强。
例如：I should have thought of that. 这一点我是应当想到的。
(但没想到)They should not have left so soon.他们不应当走得这么早。
英语专业四级情态助动词
was in college. (go) used to My mother ________ be very busy the whole used to/ would day. But when evening came, she ________ move very fast to get ready to meet my father. used to/ would At that time, we didn’t understand. We _______ tease her and laugh at her. But now I remember what a tremendous, delicate love she had for him.
Can 表示推测只出现 在否定或疑问句中
You can buy stamps at post office, but you can’t buy shoes there.
must, may, might, can, could
must You’ve be traveling all day. You_____be very tired. I have one teacher who is so forgetful that he gave the same test three weeks in a row. If he may does that two more times, I _____ pass it. could Judge: How _____ you swindle (骗）people who trust in you? Prisoner: but Judge, people who don’t trust you cannot be swindled. ______
专四必考语法9-情态动词
Modal Verbs情态动词情态动词•表示说话的语气或情态。
情态动词本身有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词一起构成谓语。
•情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
•大多数情态动词有过去式。
主要情态动词•Can•May•Will•Must•Shall•Need•Dare•Had better•Would sooner•Would as soon•Could•Might•Would•Have to•Should•Ought to•Used to•Would rather•might as well情态动词问题解析:may be & maybe•May be （可能是）--- maybe （或许）（副词）•The news may be true.•Maybe the news is true.•She may be waiting for you at home.•Maybe she is waiting for you at home.May not & can notmay not 译为“可能不”、“也许不会”而非“不可以”。
“不可以”为must not或can…t（不许，不可以）。
---May I smoke here?---No, you mustn‟t. /you can‟t /you can not.The news may not be true.You mustn‟t move any of the papers on the desk.Can & be able to•Be able to 可以表示更多的时态。
•We will be able to finish the work tomorrow.•He was not able to realize his greatest ambition.•Are you able to design a new computer program?•She has not been able to work out the complex problem.ought to的否定式•ought to的否定式是ought not to，疑问句只把ought提前。
英语专业四级语法全面总结
Can, may, must, could, might, should, need, dare, ought to
can 表能力,表请求,表对现在事实的肯定猜测. Eg. The light is on, so she can be at home. could 与 was able to I _________ speak English when I was five years old.
反意疑问句 She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ________? A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she
2. 在I suppose, / think/ believe/ expect 构成的句中, 反意问句根据后半部分而 定. I don’t think he will come, will he? 3. 如果主句中带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, nowhere 等否定词时, 疑 问部分的谓语动词要用肯定式.
No such + n. (不带冠词)+ as 没有….如
There is no such thing as private ownership of land. 土地从未归 于私人所有.
Not so much….as ….
as such 照此, 就以这种身份(资格) A name, as such, means nothing. So much so that 到这种程度…以至于 He likes them So much so that he eats them almost every day.
专四情态动词讲解.ppt
• (2) can’t/couldn’t have +过去分词，表示对已发生 情况的否定推测，译为“(昨天)一定没……”。 如：
• Mary couldn’ t have received my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now
个句型的变体cannot…over…。如： • You cannot be too careful when you drive a car. • The final chapter covers organizational change and
development. This subject cannot be overemphasized.
• • (3)usedn’t或didn’t use to为used to (do)的否定式。 • • (4)should 除了“应该”一层意思外，大纲还规定要掌握其“竟然”
的意思。如：
• I didn’t expect that he should have behaved like that •
• 情态动词一般用法的否定：
• (3) may/might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事 情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没 发生，译为“也许……”。如： At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.
• mustn’t
不准, 禁止，不要 can’t
情态动词知识点大总结
情态动词知识点大总结一、情态动词的概念和特点情态动词（modal verb）是一类专门用来表示说话者对事物的看法、态度或推测的动词。
常见的情态动词包括 can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, ought to, dare和need等。
与一般动词不同的是，情态动词具有以下几个特点：1. 没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词在句子中不受主语的人称和数的变化而变化，例如，can的第三人称单数形式依然是can，不需要添加-s或-es。
2. 没有时态的变化。
情态动词本身不具备时态的变化，它们不像一般动词那样有过去式和过去分词的变化形式。
3. 没有非谓语形式。
情态动词没有不定式、动名词和非谓语形式，也不能在句子中独立使用，必须与其他动词搭配使用。
4. 没有被动语态。
情态动词不能与被动语态一起使用，也就是说没有情态动词的被动语态形式，只能使用其它动词的被动语态。
二、情态动词的用法情态动词在句子中主要用来表示一种语气、情态或推测，它们有不同的用法和含义，下面将针对每个情态动词的用法进行详细介绍：1. cancan表示能力或可能性，用于表示能力时常用于肯定句中，表达“能够、会”之意，例如，“I can speak English.”而用于表示可能性时则用于疑问句或否定句中，表示“可能、或许”之意，例如，“Can you help me?”。
2. couldcould是can的过去式，用法与can类似，用于表示能力或可能性，也可以表示客气或恳求的语气，例如，“Could you pass me the salt?”。
3. maymay表示允许、请求或推测，用于表示允许时常用于疑问句或否定句中，表示“可能、或许”的意思，例如，“May I borrow your pen?”4. mightmight用法与may类似，表示可能性或意愿，但语气更加委婉，有时也用于表示过去的推测，例如，“It might rain tomorrow.”。
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--情态动词
• 3. Which of the following sentences expresses B "probability"?2008 • A. You must leave immediately. • B. You must be feeling rather tired. • C. You must be here by eight o'clock. • D. You must complete the reading assignment on time. A • 4. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25. (1994) • A. can not /couldn’t have caught • B. ought to have caught • C. shouldn’t have caught • D. must not have caught
情态动词 Modal verbs
• 情态动词: • will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to （过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to （不得不）
• (4) ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed • 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示 “本应该…”和“本不应该…”表示应完成而未完成的动 作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作 A• 1. Aren't you tired? I _____ you had done enough for today. (2009) • A. should have thought B. must have thought • C. might have thought D. could have thought
（完整版）情态动词归纳大学专四语法
（完整版）情态动词归纳大学专四语法情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。
情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、can, could1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。
Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
----Could I come to see you tomorrow?---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?This can’t be done by him.How can this be true?二、may, might1) 表示请求和允许。
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• 表虚拟：would rather sb. did /didn’t do sth.
• I would rather you didn’t do anything for the time being.
Used to & would
May not & can not may not 译为“可能不”、“也许不会”而非“不可以”。“不可以”为must not或can‘（t 不许，不可以）。
---May I smoke here? ---No, you mustn’t. /you can’t /you can not. The news may not be true. You mustn’t move any of the papers on the desk.
can‘t/couldn’t have done 对过去事情的否定猜测
• (must have done的否定形式） • It can’t have been her. She has gone to Shanghai. • You can’t have seen me in the meeting last week. I was on a business trip then. • He can’t have worked hard. I have seen him playing with his neighbors very often.
could & may/might have done 表示对过去事情的可能性的推测
• May be （可能是）--- maybe （或许）（副词）
• The news may be true.
• Maybe the news is true.
• She may be waiting for you at home. • Maybe she is waiting for you at home.
• She has not been able to work out the complex problem.
ought to的否定式
• ought to的否定式是ought not to，疑问句只把ought提前。
• You ought to be responsible for yourself.
• I must get up at six, ___？
• She must be in the classroom now, _____?
• They must have had great trouble trying to get there, ____?
用 must 提问时的回答
• 肯定回答：must
Must have done 对过去事情的肯定猜测
• He must have worked very hard, for he did a good job in the last exam. • They must have had a quarrel. They hadn’t talked with each other for nearly a week. • There must have been a blackout. The whole street was in darkness.
• ③“应当”“规定是”可视为情态动词 –be supposed to
• You are to obey the school rules and regulations.
Would rather
• 表意愿：I would rather/sooner not go there on my own.
• 表选择：She would rather die than surrender to the enemy.
• You might as well wait to see what I can do for you.
• You might as well leave now.
• We might as well try a second time to see what’s wrong with the equipment.
Can & be able to
• Be able to 可以表示更多的时态。
• We will be able to finish the work tomorrow.
• He was not able to realize his greatest ambition.
• Are you able to design a new coห้องสมุดไป่ตู้puter program?
变化。
• Need & dare作情态动词时，多用于否定句和疑问句。
Examples
• She needs to work even harder if she wants to succeed in her study. • He dares to speak the truth.
• Do you need to take a break? • They didn’t dare to disobey.
• 情态动词used to表“过去常常做”。往往含有“不再如此”之意。
• Would只能表示动作，不能表示状态。而used to都可以。 .
• He would ask the teacher some strange questions.
• He used to ask the teacher ……
来。
• We had to resort to force in that case. • We will have to reconsider the whole thing if this plan fails.
• One must have faith in life.
have to
• have to的疑问句和否定句都要用助动词do/does，过去式则用did。
• My mother used to be hot-tempered, but now she is very mild.
情态动词的完成式
needn‘t have done 表示过去本不必做的事情
• You needn’t have done all the calculation by yourself. We have computers to do that sort of work. • She needn’t have risen so early. There was no hurry. • They needn’t have brought so much food with them. We had enough for all the guests.
• 否定回答：needn’t或don’t /doesn’t have to
• Must I come as early as 6 tomorrow morning?
• Yes, you must.
• No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.
Mustn’t & Needn’t
• She doesn’t have to bring her dictionary.
• We didn’t have to make preparations for the quiz.
Need & dare
• Need & dare 既能作实义动词，又能作情态动词。
• Need & dare在肯定句中，通常为实义动词，后面的不定式要带to，单数第三人称加s，有时态
• Do we have to wait for him to start dinner?
• Does he have to show you the tickets to enter the cinema? • Did I have to do the other task as well?
• You don’t have to come in person.
• He used to be much better off than he is now.
• He would be much …… (wrong)
More Information
• Would侧重叙述过去, 而used to 强调过去和现在的对比。
• Sometimes she would give me some pleasant surprises.
• Must he arrive very early?
• No, he doesn’t have to / No, he needn’t.
Must & have to
• Must: 主观上认为“必须” 作某事。 • Have to: 受客观情况迫使而“不得不” 作某事
• You must work harder now if you want to find a satisfactory job after graduation. • Children in remote areas have to quit school simply because their parents cannot afford their
• Had better • Would sooner
• Would as soon • Could
• Might
• Would
• Have to
• Should • Ought to
• Used to • Would rather
• might as well