初高中衔接练习九

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最新初高中衔接练习9

最新初高中衔接练习9

初高中衔接练习9I. 词语辨析1. Let’s him a message to meet us at the station. A. take B. get C. leave D. receive2. Never forget to “ Excuse me ” when you trouble somebody .A. sayB. speakC. tellD. talk3. The war another three years before it ended in 1864 . A. had B. went C. fought D. lasted4. The girl’s team us in the football match . A. beat B. knock C. hit D. won5. He spoke so fast that I could not what he said . A. touch B. catch C. hear D. find6. We can what is happening on the other side of the world by telephone .A. learnB. hearC. seeD. understand7. This bus was built to less than 60 passengers . A. carry B. take C. accept D. keep8. The meeting room is large enough to fifty people . A. keep B. have C. hold D. fill9. I got up late this morning , so I had a breakfast and hurried to school .A. fastB. quickC. rapidD. soon10. Many people were burnt to in the fire . A. die B. dead C. death D. dying11. She has been in Tianjin for ten years . Tianjin has become her second .A. familyB. houseC. homeD. room12. We Chinese have sent a spaceship into . A. space B. sky C. heaven D. universe13. Tom’s ill in hospital and his mother is him .A. looking forB. looking overC. looking atD. looking after14. China another spaceship, “ Shenzhou VI ” into space in March from the Satellite Centre in China .A. put upB. put offC. sent upD. sent away15. The students in our class very well with each other .A. get inB. get upC. get onD. get to16. Tim felt too hungry when he got home . He quickly all the food on the table .A. ate upB. looked upC. took upD. ate out17. The ticket is on the floor . Could you please for me ?A. pick it upB. pick up itC. pick up themD. pick them up18. You may and then decide if you’ll buy it .A. try on itB. try out itC. try it onD. try it out19. —What’s wrong with your aunt , Bill ? —She’s very ill . A doctor must be .A. sent backB. sent upC. sent awayD. sent for20. The government will some new colleges for more students to receive higher education .A. set upB. set outC. put downD. put on21. “ Get a ladder , please . I can’t . ” Jim said in a tall tree .A. come backB. come outC. come downD. come over22. —Did Jack come for the meeting last night ?—No . He was so tired that he soon in his room .A. fell behindB. fell offC. fell asleepD. fell over23. If you don’t know a word , you must the word in a dictionary .A. look upB. look downC. look overD. look out24. Please the TV . I’d like to see the TV play .A. turn upB. turn onC. turn downD. turn offII. Reading:You have often looked into a mirror, of course. But you haven’t seen the real picture of your face yet. And why couldn’t you see it? When you look into a mirror, you don’t see your face as other people see it. You see a reversed picture. If you close your left eye, your picture closes its right eye. If you touch your right ear with your right hand, your picture touches its left ear with its left hand.If you have two small mirrors, you can see your faces as your friends see it. You hold the two mirrors at right angles(角度) to each other and look into them. After some practice you will be able to see the real picture of your face.Now close your left eye and your picture closes its left eye too. Touch your right ear with your right hand and your picture touches its right ear with its right hand! This happens because each mirror reflected(反射) the picture in the other mirror. So you see a reversed picture of a reversed picture, which, of course, is the same as the real picture.1. When you look into a mirror, you couldn’t see ______.A. the picture of yourselfB. your face as others see itC. the picture of your faceD. the picture of your eyes2. What does the word reversed mean in this passage?A. 暂存的B. 相反的C. 模拟的D. 虚拟的3. According to the first paragraph of the passage, if you close your left eye, your picture in the mirror_________.A. closes its right eyeB. closes its left eyeC. touches its right earD. touches its left ear4. Which of the following pictures is right according to the second paragraph of the passage?M1 M2 M1 M1 P M1M2P M2 M2 PA B CM = mirror P = person5. We can learn something about ______ from the passage.A. body languageB. Physical Education(体育)C. optical illusions(视错觉)D. television inventionIII. 书面表达现在越来越多的人出门旅游,他们对于旅游的目的地和交通方式都有不同的选择。

初升高数学衔接试题卷答案

初升高数学衔接试题卷答案

初升高数学衔接试题卷答案一、选择题1. A2. C3. B4. D5. E二、填空题6. 37. √28. 2x + 3y = 129. 45°10. √3三、计算题11. 解:原式 = (x + 2)(x - 3) = x^2 - x - 6。

12. 解:原式= √(25 + 10√2) = √((5 + √2)^2) = 5 + √2。

13. 解:原式 = (2a^2 - 3a + 1)(2a^2 + 3a - 1) = 4a^4 - 9a^2 + 1。

四、解答题14. 解:设三角形ABC的三边长分别为a, b, c,根据余弦定理,有: c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab*cosC代入已知的a, b, C的值,可得c的值。

15. 解:设函数f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c,根据已知条件,可列出方程组:f(0) = c = 0f(1) = a + b + c = 2f(-1) = a - b + c = -1解方程组可得a, b的值,进而得到f(x)的表达式。

16. 解:设圆的方程为(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2,根据圆心和半径,可得h, k, r的值,进而得到圆的方程。

五、证明题17. 解:要证明三角形ABC是等边三角形,需要证明三边相等,即证明a = b = c。

根据已知条件,可列出方程组:a^2 = b^2 = c^2解方程组可得a, b, c的值,进而证明三角形ABC是等边三角形。

六、应用题18. 解:设购买x个苹果,y个橙子,根据题目条件,可列出方程组: x + y = 102x + 3y = 31解方程组可得x, y的值,进而得到购买苹果和橙子的数量。

19. 解:设甲乙两地相距d千米,根据速度和时间的关系,可列出方程:d = v1 * t1 + v2 * t2代入已知的v1, t1, v2, t2的值,可得d的值。

20. 解:设投资x万元,根据利润和投资额的关系,可列出方程:P = k * x - c代入已知的k, c的值,可得x的值,进而得到投资额。

初升高衔接数学题加答案

初升高衔接数学题加答案

初升高衔接数学题加答案一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)1. 若a、b、c是三角形的三边长,且满足a^2 + b^2 = c^2,那么这个三角形是:A. 锐角三角形B. 直角三角形C. 钝角三角形D. 不规则三角形答案:B2. 已知x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0,求x的值。

A. x = 2B. x = 3C. x = -2D. x = -3答案:B3. 一个数列的前三项为1,2,3,若每一项都等于前一项的平方,那么第四项是:A. 4B. 8C. 9D. 16答案:C4. 一个圆的半径为r,圆心到圆上任意一点的距离都等于r,这个圆的面积是:A. πr^2B. 2πrC. r^2D. 2r^2答案:A5. 若函数f(x) = 2x - 3,求f(5)的值。

A. 7B. 4C. 2D. 1答案:A6. 已知集合A = {1, 2, 3},B = {2, 3, 4},求A∪B的结果。

A. {1, 2, 3}B. {1, 2, 3, 4}C. {2, 3}D. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}答案:B7. 一个数的平方根是4,这个数是:A. 16B. -16C. 8D. -8答案:A8. 一个直角三角形的两条直角边分别为3和4,斜边的长度是:A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 8答案:A9. 一个二次方程x^2 + 2x + 1 = 0的解是:A. x = -1B. x = 1C. x = -2D. x = 2答案:A10. 若a和b互为相反数,且a + b = 0,那么a的值是:A. 0B. 1C. -1D. 无法确定答案:D二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1. 若一个数的立方等于-27,则这个数是______。

答案:-32. 一个数的绝对值是5,则这个数可以是______或______。

答案:5 或 -53. 一个直角三角形的斜边长为5,若一条直角边长为3,则另一条直角边长为______。

答案:44. 若a = 3b,且b ≠ 0,则a和b的比例是______。

初升高数学衔接题及答案

初升高数学衔接题及答案

初升高数学衔接题及答案【题目一:代数基础】题目:求解方程 \( x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 \) 的根。

【答案】首先,我们可以通过因式分解来解这个方程:\( x^2 - 5x + 6 = (x - 2)(x - 3) = 0 \)。

因此,方程的根是 \( x = 2 \) 和 \( x = 3 \)。

【题目二:几何基础】题目:在直角三角形ABC中,角C是直角,AB是斜边,如果AC=6,BC=8,求斜边AB的长度。

【答案】根据勾股定理,直角三角形的斜边平方等于两直角边的平方和,即:\( AB^2 = AC^2 + BC^2 \)。

代入已知值:\( AB^2 = 6^2 + 8^2 = 36 + 64 = 100 \)。

因此,斜边AB的长度为 \( AB = \sqrt{100} = 10 \)。

【题目三:函数基础】题目:如果函数 \( f(x) = 2x - 3 \),求 \( f(5) \) 的值。

【答案】将 \( x = 5 \) 代入函数 \( f(x) = 2x - 3 \) 中,我们得到:\( f(5) = 2 \cdot 5 - 3 = 10 - 3 = 7 \)。

所以,\( f(5) \) 的值为7。

【题目四:不等式基础】题目:解不等式 \( 3x - 5 < 10 \)。

【答案】首先,我们将不等式两边加上5:\( 3x - 5 + 5 < 10 + 5 \),得到 \( 3x < 15 \)。

然后,我们将不等式两边除以3:\( \frac{3x}{3} < \frac{15}{3} \),得到 \( x < 5 \)。

所以,不等式的解为 \( x < 5 \)。

【题目五:概率基础】题目:一个袋子里有5个红球和3个蓝球,随机取出一个球,求取出红球的概率。

【答案】总共有 \( 5 + 3 = 8 \) 个球。

取出红球的概率为红球数量除以总球数,即:\( P(\text{红球}) = \frac{5}{8} \)。

第九讲 充分必要条件(精讲)(解析版)

第九讲  充分必要条件(精讲)(解析版)

2023年初高中衔接素养提升专题讲义第九讲充分必要条件(精讲)(解析版)【知识点透析】一:充分条件与必要条件的概念命题真假若“p ,则q ”为真命题“若p ,则q ”为假命题推出关系p ⇒qp ⇏q条件关系p 是q 的充分条件q 是p 的必要条件p 不是q 的充分条件q 不是p 的必要条件【注意】(1)前提p ⇒q ,有方向,条件在前,结论在后;(2)p 是q 的充分条件或q 是p 的必要条件;(3)改变说法:“p 是q 的充分条件”还可以换成q 的一个充分条件是p ;“q 是p 的必要条件”还可以换成“p 的一个必要条件是q 二、充分条件、必要条件与集合的关系A ⊆B p 是q 的充分条件q 是p 的必要条件A B p 是q 的不充分条件q 是p 的不必要条件B ⊆A q 是p 的充分条件p 是q 的必要条件B A q 是p 的不充分条件p 是q 的不必要条件充分必要条件判断精髓:小集合推出大集合,小集合是大集合的充分不必要条件,大集合是小集合的必要不充分条件;若两个集合范围一样,就是充要条件的关系;三、充要条件的概念一般地,如果既有p ⇒q ,又有q ⇒p ,就记作p ⇔q .此时,我们说,p 是q 的充分必要条件,简称充要条件.【知识点精讲】题型一充分条件与必要条件的判断【例题1】(2023·山东威海高一期末)2x =是260x x +-=的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.即不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【解析】首先2026x x x +-⇒==,其次2260x x x +-==⇔或3x =-,则2260x x x +-==⇒,所以:2x =是260x x +-=的充分不必要条件,故选A.【例题2】(2022·广东·化州市第三中学高一期末)已知命题p :x 为自然数,命题q :x 为整数,则p 是q 的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【分析】根据两个命题中的x 取值范围,分析是否能得到p ⇒q 和q ⇒p .【详解】若x 为自然数,则它必为整数,即p ⇒q .【例题3】(2022春•山西太原高一期中)已知非零复数a ,b ,那么“2a ab =”是“a b =”的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B【解析】①若0a =,1b =时,满足2a ab =,但a b =不成立,∴充分性不成立,②若a b =时,则2a ab =,∴必要性成立,2a ab ∴=是a b =的必要不充分条件,故选B.【例题4】.(2022·河南安阳高一课时检测)设计如图所示的四个电路图,则能表示“开关A 闭合”是“灯泡B 亮”的必要不充分条件的一个电路图是()A .B .C .D .【答案】C【分析】利用充分条件、必要条件的定义,逐项分析判断作答.【详解】对于A,若开关A 闭合,则灯泡B 亮,而开关A 不闭合C 闭合,灯泡B 也亮,即“开关A 闭合”是“灯泡B 亮”的充分不必要条件;对于B,灯泡B 亮当且仅当开关A 闭合,即“开关A 闭合”是“灯泡B 亮”的充要条件;对于C,开关A 闭合,灯泡B 不一定亮,而开关A 不闭合,灯泡B 一定不亮,即“开关A 闭合”是“灯泡B 亮”的必要不充分条件;对于D,开关A 闭合与否,只要开关C 闭合,灯泡B 就亮,“开关A 闭合”是“灯泡B 亮”的既不充分也不必要条件.故选:C【例题5】(2023·江苏高一专题检测)若命题:2p x >;命题2:320q x x -+>,则p 是q 的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】.A【解析】命题:2p x >.由命题2:320q x x -+>,解得:命题:{|1q x x <或2}x >.p q ∴⇒.即p 是q 的充分不必要条件.故选:A【例题6】.(2022·甘肃·兰州市第五十五中学高三开学考试(文))已知x ∈R ,则“31x -<”是“260x x --+<”的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【例题7】(2022·甘肃景泰二中高一课时检测)使不等式成立的一个充分不必要条件是)A .0x <B .0x ≥C .{3,5}D .35x ≤【答案】A 【解析】由-5x +3≥0,得{x |x ≤35},只有选项A 中x 的范围为其真子集.故选:A.【例题8】(2022·湖北武汉高一课时检测)伟人毛泽东的《清平乐•六盘山》传颂至今,“天高云淡,望断南飞雁.不到长城非好汉,屈指行程二万,六盘山上高峰,红旗漫卷西风,今日长缨在手,何时缚住苍龙?”现在许多人前往长城游玩时,经常会用“不到长城非好汉”来勉励自己,由此推断,“到长城”是“为好汉”的()A .充分条件B .必要条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】.B【解析】解:设p ⌝为不到长城,推出q ⌝非好汉,即p q ⌝⇒⌝,则q p ⇒,即好汉⇒到长城,故“到长城”是“好汉”的必要条件,故选:B .【例题9】(2022·江苏高一专题检测)设甲是乙的充分不必要条件,乙是丙的充要条件,丁是丙的必要不充分条件,则甲是丁的()条件A .充分不必要B .必要不充分C .充要D .既不充分也不必要【答案】.A【解析】记甲、乙、丙、丁各自对应的条件构成的集合分别为A ,B ,C ,D ,由甲是乙的充分不必要条件得,B A ⇒由乙是丙的充要条件得,C B ⇒,由丁是丙的必要不充分条件得,DC ⇒所以DA ⇒,故甲是丁的充分不必要条件.故选:A.【变式1】(2022·陕西榆林高一期末)下列“若p ,则q ”形式的命题中,p 是q 的充分条件的是()A .若两个角是对顶角,则两个角相等B .若5x >,则10x >C .若ac bc =,则a b =D .若x y +是偶数,则x ,y 都是偶数【答案】A【解析】对于A ,对顶角相等,正确;对于B ,若5x >,则10x >,错误;对于C ,若ac bc =,则a b =条件是0c ≠,故C 错误;对于D ,x ,y 是奇数x y +是偶数,故D 不是充要条件.故选A.【变式2】(2022·广东佛山市·高二期末)已知x ∈R ,则“2x =-”是“2560x x -->”的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】解:不等式2560x x -->即为:1)60()(x x -+>,解得:1x <-或6x >,因为()()2,16,-∈-∞-+∞ 可知:“2x =-”是“2560x x -->”的充分不必要条件.故选:A .【变式3】.(2022·河北张家口高二期末)已知,a b 为实数,则“22a b >”是“330a b >>”的()A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B【分析】根据充分与必要条件的定义,结合不等式的性质判断即可【详解】当2,1a b =-=时,2222(2)411a b =-=>==,而3381a b =-<=,所以22a b >成立不是330a b >>成立的充分条件;因为330a b >>,所以0a b >>,所以22a b >,所以22a b >成立是330a b >>成立的必要而不充分条件.故选:B.题型二充分条件与必要条件的应用【例题10】(2023·山东青岛高三专题模拟)已知p :1x >或2x <-,q :x a >,若q 是p 的充分不必要条件,则a 的取值范围是()A.{}2a a <-B.{}2a a >-C.{}21a a -<≤D.{}1a a ≥【答案】D【解析】设p 表示的集合为{|1A x x =>或}2x <-,q 表示的集合为{}|B x x a =>,由q 是p 的充分不必要条件,可得B 是A 的真子集,利用数轴作图如下:所以1a ≥,故选:D.【例题11】.(2023·江苏无锡高三专题模拟)已知p 2>,q :0m x -<,若p 是q 的充分不必要条件,则m 的取值范围是()A .3m <B .3m >C .5m <D .5m >【例题12】.(2022·长沙市南雅中学高二月考)已知集合{}2680A x x x =-+<,()(){}10B x x a x a =---<,若x A ∈是x B ∈的必要条件,则a 的取值范围是()A .()2,3B .[]2,3C .()(),23,-∞+∞D .(][),23,-∞⋃+∞【答案】.B【解析】由{}{}268024A x x x x x =-+<=<<,1a a +> ,{}1B x a x a ∴=<<+,若x A ∈是x B ∈的必要条件,则必有B 是A 的真子集;142a a +≤⎧∴⎨≥⎩,23a ≤≤;故答案选:B【例题13】.(2022·新疆师范大学附属中学高二阶段练习(文))已知条件p :x a >,条件q :1>02xx -+.若p 是q 的必要不充分条件,则实数a 的最大值是________.【答案】2-【分析】利用不等式的解法化简q ,根据必要不充分条件即可得出范围,进而求出最值.【变式1】.(2023·湖北省孝感市第一高级中学高一开学考试)已知p :2x a +<,q :x a ≥,且p 是q 的充分不必要条件,则实数a 的取值范围是()A .1a ≤-B .1a <-C .1a ≥D .1a >【答案】.A由||2x a +<可得22a x a --<<-∴p :22a x a--<<-又p 是q 的充分不必要条件,且q :x a ≥,∴2a a --≥∴1a ≤-【变式2】.(2022·云南曲靖高一课时检测)已知命题2:320p x x -+≤,命题22:440q x x m -+-≤.若p 是q 的充分不必要条件,则m 的取值范围是()A .(,0]-∞B .[1,)+∞C .{0}D .(,1][1,)-∞-+∞ 【答案】.D2:320p x x -+≤,12x ≤≤,22:440q x x m -+-≤,22m x m -≤≤+,p 是q 的充分不必要条件,则2122m m ⎧-≤⎪⎨+≥⎪⎩,1m ≥,∴1m ≤-或m 1≥.故选:D.【变式3】.(2023·江苏省海头高级中学高一月考)设全集U =R ,集合2{|650}A x x x =-+-≥,集合{|122}B x a x a =--≤≤-.(1)若“x A ∈”是“x B ∈”的充分条件,求实数a 的取值范围;(2)若“x A ∈”是“x B ∈”的必要条件,求实数a 的取值范围.【答案】.(1)7a ≥;(2)13a <.【解析】解不等式2650x x -+-≥可化为2650x x -+≤,解得15x ≤≤,所以{|15}A x x =≤≤(1)因为“x A ∈”是“x B ∈”的充分条件,所以A B ⊆,所以12125a a --≤⎧⎨-≥⎩,解得7a ≥,所以实数a 的取值范围是7a ≥;(2)因为“x A ∈”是“x B ∈”的必要条件,所以B A ⊆.当B =∅时,122a a -->-,解得13a <;当B ≠∅时,所以12125212a a a a --≥⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪-≥--⎩,无解.综上,实数a 的取值范围是13a <.题型三充分性与必要性的证明【例3】(2022·河北保定高一课时检测)已知0ab ≠,求证:1a b +=的充要条件是33220a b ab a b ++-=-.【答案】见解析【解析】证明必要性:因为1a b +=,所以10a b +-=.所以()()()33222222a b ab a b a b a ab baab b ++--=+-+--+()()221a b a ab b =+--+0=.证明充分性:因为33220a b ab a b ++--=,即()()2210a b a ab b+--+=,又0ab ≠,所以0a ≠且0b ≠.因为22223024b a ab b a b ⎛⎫-+=-+> ⎪⎝⎭,所以10a b +-=,即1a b +=.综上可得当0ab ≠时,1a b +=的充要条件是33220a b ab a b ++--=.【变式】(2023·云南曲靖高一课时检测)求证:关于x 的方程20ax bx c ++=有一个根为1的充要条件是0a b c ++=.【答案】证明见解析【解析】充分性:0a b c ++= ,c a b ∴=--,代入方程20ax bx c ++=得20ax bx a b +--=,即()()10x ax a b -++=.∴关于x 的方程20ax bx c ++=有一个根为1;必要性: 方程20ax bx c ++=有一个根为1,1x ∴=满足方程20ax bx c ++=,2110a b c ∴⨯+⨯+=,即0a b c ++=.故关于x 的方程20ax bx c ++=有一个根为1的充要条件是0a b c ++=.。

初高中衔接练习题(9)(含答案)

初高中衔接练习题(9)(含答案)

初高中衔接型中考数学试题(9)一、选择题1.(河北实验区2004)如图2,天平右盘中的每个砝码的质量都是1g ,则物体A 的质量m(g)的取值范围,在数轴上可表示为2.(河北实验区2004)把一个小球以20m/s 的速度竖直向上弹出,它在空中的高度h(m)与时间t(s)满足关系:h=20t-5t 2.当h=20时,小球的运动时间为A .20sB .2sC.2)s D.2)s二、解答题3.(河北实验区2004)(本小题满分6分)观察下面的点阵图和相应的等式,探究其中的规律:(1)在④和⑤后面的横线上分别写出相应的等式;(2)通过猜想写出与第n 个点阵相对应的等式.4.(河北实验区2004)用两个全等的等边三角形△ABC 和△ACD 拼成菱形ABCD.把一个含60°角的三角尺与这个菱形叠合,使三角尺的60°角的顶点与点A 重合,两边分别与AB ,AC 重合.将三角尺绕点A 按逆时针方向旋转.(1)当三角尺的两边分别与菱形的两边BC ,CD 相交于点E ,F 时,(如图13—1),通过观察或测量BE ,CF 的长度,你能得出什么结论?并证明你的结论;(2)当三角尺的两边分别与菱形的两边BC ,CD 的延长线相交于点E ,F 时(如图13—2),你在(1)中得到的结论还成立吗?简要说明理由B 图2 ACD …… ……①1=12; ②1+3=22; ③1+3+5=32; ④ ; ⑤ ; 图13—2参考答案一、1、答:A2、答:B二、3、答:(1)④1+3+5+7=42;⑤1+3+5+7+9=52. (2)1+3+5+…+(2n-1)=n24、参考图(1)BE=CF. …………………………………………………………………2分证明:在△ABE和△ACF中,∵∠BAE+∠EAC=∠CAF+∠EAC=60°,∴∠BAE=∠CAF.∵AB=AC,∠B=∠ACF=60°,∴△ABE≌△ACF(ASA). ………………4分∴BE=CF. ………………………………………………………………………5分(2)BE=CF仍然成立.根据三角形全等的判定公理,同样可以证明△ABE和△ACF全等,BE和CF是它们的对应边.所以BE=CF仍然成立. …………………………………………8分说明:对于(2),如果学生仍按照(1)中的证明格式书写,同样可得本段满分.。

练习九

练习九

练习九1、近代中国“开眼看世界”的第一人是A、龚自珍B、林则徐C、魏源D、洪仁玕2、以林则徐、魏源为代表的“开眼看世界”的实质是A、振兴清王朝B、向西方学习,寻求强国御侮之道C、“自强”“求富”,发展资本主义D、启迪人们挣脱闭关锁国的牢笼3、最早表达洋务劳动“中体西用”指导思想的是A、冯桂芬B、郑观应C、王韬D、张之洞4、中国近代历史上,在追求经济现代化的同时,也经历了一个政治现代化的过程。

要求政治现代化的主张最早出现于A、鸦片战争之后的新思潮B、早期维新思想的主张C、戊戌变法中的《定国是诏》D、同盟会的革命纲领5、资产阶级维新派把西学中的有关政治学说与儒学经史相融合,其进步意义主要表现在①弘扬民族文化②挽救民族危亡③动摇了封建君主专制的根基④发展资本主义A、①②③B、②③④C、②④D、②③6、“西学东渐”逐步向前发展的最主要原因是A、中国闭关自守的局面被打破B、西方思想的传人C、挽救民族危亡运动的兴起D、民族资本主义的产生7、新文化运动兴起的标志是A、陈独秀参加辛亥革命B、陈独秀创办《青年杂志》C、陈独秀迁《新青年》到北京D、陈独秀任“北大”文科学长8、新文化运动时期,鼓励各种学术观点在北京大学里自由发展,这体现了下列哪种思想A、物竞天择,适者生存B、民主和科学C、德、智、体、美全面发展D、兼容并包9、近代激进的民主主义者掀起新文化运动的目的是A、宣传马克思主义B、启发知识界探索西方资本主义文化C、打破封建思想的束缚,实行民主政治D、进行文化大革命10、新文化运动中,陈独秀提出“德先生”和“赛先生”的口号的进步意义体现在①反对封建专制统治②反对愚昧,促进科学事业的发展③促进了中国的富强④促进了中国对社会主义思潮的研究A、①②③④B、①②④C、①②③D、①②11、在新文化运动中,对封建礼教的攻击最为猛烈的是A、陈独秀B、鲁迅C、李大钊D、胡适12、新文化运动的主要功绩在于A、确立了“民主”和“科学”的主导地位B、批判了资产阶级改良主义思想C、沉重打击了封建正统思想的权威D、揭开了传播马克思主义的新篇章13、下列著作与鸦片战争后地主阶级知识分子提倡师夷长技探寻强国御侮之道无关的是A、《海国图志》B、《康輶纪行》C、《瀛寰志略》D、《新学伪经考》14、魏源作为“开眼看世界”的主要倡导者,其突出贡献在于A、关心时局,勇于探索新知B、编写《海国图志》,介绍外国史地C、提出“师夷长技以制夷”,影响深远D、主张引进西方技术,研制新式兵器15、洋务运动没有使中国走上富强的道路,其根本原因是A、没有改变腐朽的封建制度B、封建顽固势力强大,慈禧太后极端专权C、企业管理极度腐败D、中国的科学技术和教育制度落后16、下列对早期资产阶级维新思想认识正确的是①尚未突破“中体西用的指导思想”②以振兴工商业、实行君主立宪为目标③主张兴办学校,学西方的自然科学知识④为戊戌变法作好了思想和理论的准备A、①②③B、②③C、②④D、①③17、近代第一次思想解放潮流是A、“开眼看世界”B、维新派与封建顽固势力的论战C、革命派与保皇派的论战D、倡导民主科学的新文化运动20、1915年兴起的新文化运动的实质是A、马克思主义的传播运动B、青年学生追求民主、科学的运动C、学习西方的文化运动D、思想领域里的资产阶级革命运动。

初高中衔接型数学试题(9)及参考答案

初高中衔接型数学试题(9)及参考答案

初高中衔接型数学试题(9)及参考答案一、选择题1.方程210x x --=的解是( )A 、15±B 、15-±C 、15±或15-±D 、15+± 2.过点P(-1,3)作直线,使它与两坐标轴围成的三角形面积为5,这样的直线可以作( )(A) 4条 (B) 3条 (C) 2条 (D) 1条3.已知:二次函数y =x 2+bx +c 与x 轴相交于A (x 1,0)、B (x 2,0)两点,其顶点坐标为P(2b -,442b c -),AB =︱x 1-x 2︱,若S △APB =1,则b 与c 的关系式是( )(A )b 2-4c +1=0 (B )b 2-4c -1=0(C )b 2-4c +4=0(D )b 2-4c -4=0 二、填空题 4.在距离地面2米高的某处把一物体以初速度v 0(米/秒)竖直向上抛出,在不计空气阻力的情况下,其上升高度s (米)与抛出时间t (秒)满足:2012s v t gt =-(其中g 是常数,通常取10米/秒2)。

若v 0=10米/秒,则该物体在运动过程中最高点距地面________米。

三、解答题5.如图,在△ABC 中,AB =5,AC =7,∠B =60º,求BC 的长.6.心理学家发现,学生对概念的接受能力y 与提出概念所用的时间x (单位:分)之间满足函数关系:y =-0.1x 2+2.6x +43 (0≤x ≤30).y 值越大,表示接受能力越强.(1)x 在什么范围内,学生的接受能力逐步增强?x 在什么范围内,学生的接受能力逐步降低?(2)第10分时,学生的接受能力是多少?(3)第几分时,学生的接受能力最强?参考答案1、答:D 。

分析:2、答:C 。

分析:3、答:D 。

分析:4、答:75、解:过A 点作AD ⊥BC 于D ,在Rt △ABD 中,AD =AB ·sin60°=5×23=325. ……(2分) BD =AB ·cos60°=5×2521= ……(5分) 在Rt △ADC 中,DC =22223257⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=-AD AC =211. ……(7分) 所以,BC =BD +DC =25211+=8. ……(8分) 6、解:(1)y =-0.1x 2+2.6x +43=-0.1(x -13)2+59.9. ……(4分) 所以,当0≤x ≤13时,学生的接受能力逐步增强,当13≤x ≤30时,学生的接受能力逐步下降. ……(6分)(2)当x =10时,y =-0.1(10-13)2+59.9=59.第10分时,学生的接受能力为59. ……(9分)(3)x =13,y 取得最大值,所以,在第13分时,学生的接受能力最强.……(12分)。

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初高中衔接练习九I. Multiple choicesPart 141. _________________________________________________________ -- Who can reach the book on the top shelf? -- Jack can. He is _______________________________________________ boy of us all.A. tallerB. a tallC. the tallestD. much tallest42. ___________________ -- The shop is on Saturday and Monday. -- I see. I ' ll go hnerMe o nday then.A. openB. closeC. openedD. closed43. It is ______ t o work out this problem. You needn ' t go to the teacher.A. enough easyB. easily enoughC. easy, enoughD. very easily44. _____________________-- Our holiday was _______________ . -- Yes, I ' ve never had ._A. such great, the better oneB. greatly, a good one.C. so great, a better oneD. very good, the best one45. __________________________________________________________ -- Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -- Certainly, we can buy ___________________________________________ one than this, but ________ t his.A. a better, better thanB. a worse, as good asC. a cheaper, as good asD. a more important, not as good as46. __________________________________________________________ -- Why don ' t you ask Tom to do it?-- I don ' t know whether he is ____________________________________________ to. He sometimes makes things worse.A. possibleB. able .C. afraidD. easy47. Her mother was out. She stayed at home _____ , but she didn ' t feelA. alone, lonelyB. lonely, aloneC. alone, alone D; lonely, lonely48. A _____ school boy, LiLida, first tried to swim across the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000.A. 12 - year oldB. 12 - years - oldC. 12 - year- oldD. 12 years old49. In our exam, the ___ careful we are, the _____ m istakes we ' ll make.A. more, moreB. more, lessC. less, fewerD. more, fewer50. Jack ' s brother doesn ' t work so ____________ Aas. hJ a rcdke.r B. hard C. hardest D. hardly51. Every day I spend two hours ______ my homework.A. finishing to doB. finishing doingC. to finish to doD. to finish doing52. Lin Tao can ' t be at home. I saw him _________ here a few minutes ago.A. playsB. to playC. playingD. played53. We' d better _____ on the road. A car may hit us.A. not to playB. not playC. to not playD. don ' t play54. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ --When can I go out to play football, Mum? -- Finish your homework first, or I won ' t let you ______________________A. to go outB. go outC. going out "D. will go out55. Could you make her ______ l aughing? A. stop B. to stop C. stops D. stopped56. You _______ never play in the street. It safe. A.'casnnBo.t may C. must D.need57. Please don ' t forget _________ t o me, will you?A. to writeB. writingC. writeD. writes58. The soldier ran into the room _______ t he baby.A. savingB. to saveC. savesD. saved59. ___________ -- ______________________________________ we make it half past seven? --What about it a little earlier?A. Shall, makingB. Shall, to makeC. Will, makingD. will, to make60. He _______ harder this year than last year.A. studyB. studiesC. was studyingD. studiedPart 261. I think no news _______ good news, he will be back soon.A. isB. areC. wasD. were62. ____________________________________________________________ --Can I help you? --Yes. I bought this computer here yesterday, ,but it _____________________________________ now.A. didn ' t workB. won ' t workC. can ' t workD. doesn ' t work63. --What about the food on the plate? -t ________ delicious.A. smellingB. smeltC. smellsD. is smelt64: What a nice garden! How well it ________ after!A. has lookedB. looksC. is lookedD. is looking65. Look! Lily with her sister _______ a kite on the playground.A. is flyingB.are flyingC.flyingD. fly66. --I have seen the film “ Tit a ndi cy. --W”heanlre you ______ it?A. have, seenB. will, seeC. did, seeD. had, seen67. His sister read the picture-book three times yesterday, __________ .A. so he didB. she did soC. so did heD. so did her 68. I ______ to bed un til my gran dma came back home.A. didn ' t goB. wentC. had goneD. have gone69. While she ________ T V in the sitti ng room, the bell _______ .A. watches, ringsB. is watchi ng, rangC. was watchi ng, rangD. watched, was ringing 70. There ______ a football match in our school this after noon.A. are going to haveB. is going to haveC. are going to beD. is going to be 71. The headmaster _______ for more tha n two weeks.A. has leftB. has goneC. has bee n awayD. has come back 72. --Where ' s Mr Green? --Oh, he ___________ C anada. A. has bee n to B. has gone to C. went to D. was in 73. The factory has bee n _______ f or two years. A. ope n B. to ope n C. ope ning D. ope ned 74 .--How long have you ________ t here? --About four years.A. comeB. goneC. leftD. worked 75. --Must I clea n the room now? --No, you ________ .A. can ' tB. may notC. mustn ' tD. needn ' t 76. _______ I close t he wi ndow? It ' s so cold here A Will B. Do C. Would D. Shall 77. --Excuse me, Look at the sign NO SMOKING! --Sorry, I _________ it.A.don ' t seeB.didn ' t seeC.haven ' t seenD.won ' t see 78. He could ____ n either French or Germa n, so I __ w ith him in En glish.A. speak, talkedB. talk, toldC. say, spokeD. tell, talked79. I ______ a very in terest ing programme on the radio this morni ng.A. liste nedB. heardC. sawD. watched 80. --Could you _____ me your bike? Mine is broken. --Sure. It ' s there. A. borrow B. le nd C. giv ing D. retur n 81. --How much did you ______ for the pen? --Five yua n.A. costB. takeC. payD. buy82. --Why not go to see the dolph in show with me? --Because I _________ it.A. sawB. will seeC. seeD. have see n83. The stude nts will go to the Summer Palace if it _______ tomorrow.A. won ' t rainB. isn ' t rainingC. doesn ' t rainD. isn ' t rain 84. --What did you do last ni ght? --I _____ T V with my family.A. watchB. am watch ingC. have watchedD. watched85. --Ca n I help you, sir? --Yes, I bought the radio here yesterday, but it ______ .A. didn ' t workB.won ' t workC.can ' t workD. doesn ' t work86. --What do you think of the football match yesterday? --Well, it ' s surpris in g.sffhoangest team of our school _______ A. was beate n B. won C. scored D. was filled87. The trees must ______ three times a week. A. water B. wateri ng C. be watered D.waters 88. --Alice, you _______ o n the phone. -- I ' m coming. Thanks.A. be give nB. has bee n give n II. Cloze test (丽水市)When one takes shoes to a shop to be men ded, the shoemaker will give him a ticket with a nu mber on it. Then, 36 __ his shoes are ready, he goes back to the 37 , gives the ticket to the shoemaker, gets his shoes and 38 for them.One day Mrs Smith gave her 39a pair of her shoes which were 40 and n eeded mending. She asked him to _41 them to the shop. Mr Smith did so, and put the —42— in his pocket.He went back by car to get the shoes four days later, 43 whe n he went into the shop, he could n't find his ticket, and the shoemaker did n't want to give him the shoes 44 he got the ticket."How do I know that the shoes are —45— if you don't give me the ticket?" he said. "If I give them to you now, —46 may come into my shop with the ticket tomorrow, and the n I shall not be able to give him the 47 ."A. wantB. are wan ted 89. --1 saw Betty go to Gran dpa LiA. helpB. to help 90. A talk on Chi nese history ____C. are wantingD. have wan ted's home jb-sYeswS he ' s often seen C. helps D. helpedin the school hall next Mon day. the old man with the housework.. C. will be give n D. will giveMrs Smith n eeded the shoes very much? so her husba nd 48 for a mome nt and the n went out to his 49 It was at the side of the road 50 the shop. He 51 the door, and whistled * to his wife's small 52 , whichwas sitt ing on the back seat. The dog jumped out of the car and followed Mr Smith into the shop. "Get the shoes!" Mr Smith said to it. The dog bega n to 53 around the shop, and soon it found Mrs Smith's shoes and brought them to Mr Smith one after54 ."That should prove * the shoes are my wife' s, "Mr Smith said.The shoemaker 55 . And the n he gave the shoes to Mr Smith. 36. A. before B. whe n C. while37. A. office B. school C. shop 38. A. looks B. pays C. waits39. A. frie nd B. son C. husband 40. A. broke n B. new C. dirty 41. A. take B. bringC. le nd 42. A. book B. n ewspaper C. ticket 43. A. but B. because C. and 44. A. whe n B. if C. un til 45. A. mi ne B. yours C. his 46. A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody 47. A. shoes B. money C. bill .48. A. ran B. thought C. drove 49. A. car B. bus C. bike 50. A. in side B. outside C. round 51. A. opened B. closed C. broke 52. A. mon key B. dog C. cat 53. A. seeB. tasteC. smell 54. A. the other B. ano ther C. other55.A. surprisedB.laughedC. cried outIII. 1 Readin g(A ) Do you feel a little sleepy after lunch? Well, that about it? Don ' t reach c o ffee! In stead, take a n ap.There are many ben efits (好处)of a daily n ap. First of all, you are more efficie nt ( 有效率)after n app ing. You remember things better and make fewer mistakes. Also, you can leann things more easily after taking a nap. A 20-minute nap can reduce in formati on overload. It can also reduce stress. Fin ally, a nap may in crease your self-c on fide nee and make you more alert (灵活).It may even cheer you up.But, there are some simple rules you should follow about tak ing a n ap. First, take a nap in the middle of the day, about eight hours after you wake up. Otherwise, you may disturb your sleep-wake patter n. Next, a 20-minute nap is best. If you sleep Ion ger, you may fall into a deep sleep. After wak ing from a deep sleep, you will feel worse. Also, you should set an alarm clock. That way, you can fully relax during your nap. You won ' t have to keep looking at the clthcklt s o u don ' t oversleep.Now, the n ext time you feel sleepy after lun ch, don wi nks. 36. What is a good rule for tak ing a n ap?A. Use an alarm clock.B. Nap eight hours after wak ing up.C. Sleep for about half an hour.D. All of the above 37. Accord ing to the passage, what is NOT a ben efit of n app ing?A. It makes you stron gerB. It makes you feel happierC. It gives you more self-c on fide neeD. It improves your memory 38. Which may happe n if an alarm clock is not used?B. You may feel too n ervous to relax. D. You may not reduce your n app ing time.a ??B. close your eyes for forty timesD. prete nd to have a quick nap after lunch(B )Do you think animals can predict ( 预扌报)the weather or other natural events? Farmers living in the countryside52'natuoallyasioWuidboWythen. What should you doPutyo geheardsssWn, close your eyes, and have fortyA. You may relax more. C. You may forget an importa nt meet ing. 39. In the last paragraph, have forty winks ” can be replaced byA. do eye-protect ion exercisesC. have a short sleep during the daytimethink so. For hundreds of years, they have observed animals. They think animals behavior (行为) can be c'onnected to future weather conditions or events. For example, if swans fly into the wind, a hurricane is coming. Or, if cows lie down, a rainstorm is coming. There are many traditional stories connecting animals and natural events. Many people think that these stories are just folklore, traditional stories and beliefs without scientific evidence (证据). Scientists, however, are beginning to take another look at some of these ideas.Kiyoshi Shimamura is a Japanese earthquake researcher. He noticed an increase in dog bites a short time before earthquakes hit. Then, he did an investigation (调查) of twelve public health centers in Kobe, Japan. These health centers treated people after the 1995 earthquake. He noticed some interesting information about the month before the big earthquake. Treatment for animal bites had increased. In fact, aggressive (冒犯的;侵略的) behavior in dogs, such as biting and barking loudly, jumped (猛增) 60 percent!People noticed other changes in animal behavior before the earthquake as well. For example, fish began swimming together in large groups, only in the middle of the water and not near the edges. Also, birds flew away from their nests for many days, leaving their eggs unprotected. The animal behavior suggests that animals may be able to predict natural events better than people.40. What is the main idea of the passage?A. What animals do during earthquakesB. Many earthquakes of JapanC. Effect (影响) of natural events on animals 'D.aFcotiloknlosre and other stories about animals41. How do dogs begin to behave just before an earthquake?A. They lie down in grass.B. They stay together in large groups.C. They leave their homes.D. They hurt people.42. What other animals behave strangely before an earthquake?A. PigsB. BirdsC. CowsD. All of the above43. What did Kiyoshi Shimamura look at during his investigation?A. Animal clinics treating dogsB. The number of patients with bitesC. The number of earthquakes a yearD. Places dogs go during earthquakesIV. ProofreadingOne day when my friend and I was wandering 1 _________in a busy street,he studenly entered into a shop.I waited and waited until he was driving out by someone in the shop.He was very angry with 2 _________3 _________4 _________the impolite treatment."They missed a 'I' on the sign,and they scolded me!" I looked up 5 _________6 ________on the blackboard hung in front of the shop and 7 _________couldn't help laugh when I saw the words 8 _________"TO LET".The poor man has thought the shop 9 _________to let (出租) was a toilet!I whispered him, 10 ________"Let's go away quickly."V. 作文:15 分请根据下面提示,写一篇以My Hometown Today ”为题的短文。

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