北斗卫星导航系统建设与发展(英文版)
北斗定位-毕业论文外文文献翻译
外文文献原稿和译文原稿Beidou positioningPrefaceNavigation satellite systems can provide all time, all weather and high accuracy positioning, navigation and timing services to users on the earth surface or in the near-earth space. It is an important space inf rastructure, which extends people’s range of activities and promotes social development. Satellite navigation is bringing up revolutionary changes to the world politics, economy, military, technology and culture.With a long history and a splendid culture, China is one of the important cradles of early human civilization. In ancient times, Chinese people used the Big Dipper (Beidou) for identifying directions, and invented the world’s first navigation device, the ancient compass (Sinan), which was a great contribution to the development of world civilization. In modern society, the Chinese-built BeiDou（COMPASS） system will become another contribution to the mankind.In early 1980s, China began to actively study the navigation satellite systems in line with C hina’s conditions. In 2000, BeiDou Navigation Demonstration System is basically established, which made China the third nation in possession of an independent navigation satellite system following the United States and Russia. At present, China is steadily accelerating the construction of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and has already successfully launched 10 satellites so far.The BeiDou system will meet the demands of China’s national security, economic development, technological advances and social progress, safeguard national interests and enhance the comprehensive national strength. The BeiDou system will commit to providing stable, reliable and quality satellite navigation services for global users. Along with other GNSS providers, the BeiDou system will jointly promote the development of satellitenavigation industry, make contributions to human civilization and social development, serve the world and benefit the mankind.I. System DescriptionThe BeiDou system is comprised of three major components: space constellation, ground control segment and user terminals. The space constellation consists of five GEO satellites and 30 non-GEO satellites. The GEO satellites are positioned at 58.75°E, 80°E, 110.5°E, 140°E and 160°E respectively. The non-GEO satellites include 27 MEO satellites and three IGSO satellites. The MEO satellites are operating in an orbit with an altitudeof 21,500 km and an inclination of 55°, which are evenly distributed in three orbital planes. The IGSO satellites are operating in an orbit with an altitude of 36,000 km and an inclination of 55°, which are evenly distributed in three inclined geo-synchronous orbital planes. The subsatellite track for the three IGSO satellites are coincided while the longitude of the intersection point is at 118°E, with a phase difference of 120°.Ground control segment consists of several Master Control Stations (MCS), Upload Stations (US) and a network of globally distributed Monitor Stations (MS). The main tasks of MCS are to collect observing data from each MS, to process data, to generate satellite navigation messages, wide area differential data and integrity information, to perform mission planning and scheduling, and to conduct system operation and control. The main tasks of Upload Stations include completing the upload of satellite navigation messages, wide area differential data and integrity information, controlling and managing the payload. The tasks of Monitor Stations include continuous tracking and monitoring of navigation satellites, receiving navigation signals, sending observational data to the Master Control Station for the satellites orbit determination and time synchronization.The user terminals include various BeiDou user terminals, and terminals compatible with other navigation satellite systems, to meet different application requirements from different fields and industries.The time reference for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System uses BeiDou Time (BDT). BDT’s length of second is a SI second. BDT was zero at 0:00:00 on Janu ary 1, 2006 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). BDT is a continuous system, traceable to the UTC time maintained by the National Time Service Center (NTSC) of ChineseAcademy ofSciences, which is referred to as UTC (NTSC). The leap seconds with UTC information is broadcasted in the navigation messages. The difference between BDT and UTC maintains within 100ns.The coordinate framework of BeiDou system adopts China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000).Upon the full system completion, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System can provide positioning, navigation and timing services to worldwide users. It can also provide wide area differential services with the accuracy of 1m and short messages services with the capacity of 120 Chinese characters each time.·Main functions: positioning, velocity measurement, one-way and two-way timing, short messages·Service area: global·Positioning accuracy: better than 10m·Velocity accuracy: better than 0.2m/s·Timing accuracy: 20nsII. System DevelopmentThe BeiDou system has followed the development concept of starting with regional services first and expanding to global services later. A three-step development strategy has been taken, with specifics as follows:Phase I: BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System. In 1994, Chinastarted the construction of BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System. In 2000, two BeiDou navigation experiment satellites were launched, and the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System was basically established. In 2003, the third BeiDou navigation experiment satellite was launched, further enhancing the performance of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System.BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System consists of three major components: space constellation, ground control segment and user terminals. The space constellation includes three geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites, positioned at longitude of 80 degrees East, 110.5 degrees East and 140 degrees East respectively above the equator. Ground control segment consists of the ground control center and a number of calibrationstations. The ground control center is to complete satellite orbit determination, ionospheric correction, user location determination and user short message information exchange and processing. The calibration ground control stations are mainly to provide the distance measurement and correction parameters to the ground control center.The user terminals include the hand-held type, vehicle type, command type and other types of terminals, capable of position service application, location coordinates information receiving and other functions.The main functions and performance specifications of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System are as follows:·Main functions: positioning, one-way and two-way timing, short message communications;·Service Area: China and the surrounding areas;·Positioning Accuracy: better than 20 meters;·Timing Accuracy: 100 ns one-way, two-way 20 ns;·Short message communications: 120 Chinese characters per time.Phase II: BeiDou Navigation Satellite (regional) System. In 2004, Chinastarted construction of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. In 2007, the first satellite, a round medium earth orbit satellite (COMPASS-M1) was launched. By 2012, the BeiDou system will consist of 14 satellites, including five GEO satellites, five IGSO satellites (two in-orbit spares), and four MEO satellites.The functions and performance parameters of BeiDou Navigation Satellite (regional) System are as follows:·Main functions: positioning, velocity measurement, one-way and two-way timing, short message communications;·Service Area: China and part of Asia- Pacific region ;·Positioning Accuracy: better than 10 meters;·Velocity Accuracy: better than 0.2 m/s;·Timing Accuracy: 50 ns;·Short message communications: 120 Chinese characters per message.Phase III: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System will completely be established by 2020.III. System ApplicationsSince it was officially brought into service in 2003, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System has been widely used in transportation, marine fisheries, hydrological monitoring, weather forecasting, forest fire prevention, timing for communication systems, power distribution, disaster mitigation, national security, and many other fields, which has been resulting in significant social and economic benefits. Particularly, the system has played an important role in the South China frozen disaster, earthquake relief in Wenchuan, SichuanProvince and Yushu, Qinghai Province, the Beijing Olympic Games, and the Shanghai World Expo.—In the field of transportation, built on the Beidou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System, applications such as Xinjiang Satellite Navigation Monitoring System of Public Transport, the Highway Infrastructure Safety Monitoring System, and the Port Scheduling High-precision Real-time Position Monitoring System, have promoted the BeiDou system and achieved a good demonstration effect.—In marine fisheries, built on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System, the marine fisheries integrated information service platform has provided vessel position monitoring, emergency rescue, information distribution, fishing boats in and out of port management and other services to the fishery administration departments.—The hydrological monitoring system, based on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System, has realized the real-time transmission of hydrological forecast information in mountainous regions, which has improved the accuracy o f the disaster forecasting and has helped the planning and scheduling programs for the flood and drought control.—In the field of weather forecasting, a series of BeiDou terminal equipment have been developed for weather forecast, and various practical and feasible system solutions have been worked out to address the automatic data transmission issues for the China Meteorological Administration and a number of local weather centers and stations.—In the field of forest fire prevention, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System has been successfully used in forest fire prevention system. Its positioning and short message communication services have achieved good results.—In the field of time synchronization for communication systems, the successful implementation of BeiDou two-way timing demonstration program has achieved breakthroughs in some key technical areas such as long distant fiber technology, and an integrated satellite-based timing system has been developed.—In the field of power distribution, built on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System, the successful implementation of power system time synchronization demonstration program has created basis for the high precision applications such as the electric accident analysis, the electricity early warning and protection systems.—In the field of disaster mitigation, the navigation, positioning, short message communications and position reporting capabilities of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System have provided services for the nationwide real-time disaster relief commanding and dispatching, emergency communications, rapid reporting and sharing of disaster information, which has significantly improved the rapid response of the disaster emergency relief and decision-making capability.Upon the full completion, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System will provide more high-performance positioning, navigation, timing and short-message communication services for civil aviation, shipping, railways, finance, postal and other industries.IV. International Exchange and CooperationThe international exchange and cooperation for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System will be carried out in an active and pragmatic way, which is in line withChina’s foreign policies, focusing on China's basic tasks and strategic objectives for the construction of navigation satellite systems, using the domestic and international markets and resources in a coordinated way. The international exchange and cooperation will be proceeded in a phased, focus-centered, non-discriminatory and selective approach in accordance with the overall development plan of China's navigation satellite system. It will be built upon the basis of equality, mutual benefit, mutual complementarity, peaceful utilization and mutual development and the generally accepted principles of the international laws.The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System adheres to the open and friendly attitude, and has already carried out extensive exchanges and consultation with the countries that have navigation satellite systems, to promote navigation satellite system compatibility and interoperability globally. Through the exchange and cooperation with countries that do not have a navigation satellite system, we also support their use of the existing resources globally and share the benefits of the satellite navigation development.China's international exchange and cooperation in the field of satellite navigation started in the 1990s. In nearly 20 years, various forms of activities have been carried out with extensive results.In 1994, under the framework of International Telecommunication Union(ITU),China started the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System frequency coordination activities. Satellite network information was submitted in accordance with the BeiDou system construction plan and progress. International frequency coordination has been carried out in a phased, step by step, focus-centered approach. China has actively participated bilateral frequency coordination activities with Europe, the UnitedStates and Russia, and has actively taken part in the World Radiocommunication Conference and the meetings of ITU study groups and working groups.China, as an important member of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG), has participated in every ICG General Assembly Meeting and the ICG Providers Forum. In 2007, China became one of the four core providers designated by the organization. Focusing on compatibility and interoperability, China has carried out the extensive exchange and cooperation with the other navigation satellite systems in the world. The Technical Working Group (TWG) on compatibility and interoperability between BeiDou and Galileo was established. Until now, seven TWG meetings have been held.China actively participates, organizes and hosts international academic exchanges on satellite navigation, which include the American Institute of Navigation (ION) Conferences, the International Symposium on GPS/GNSS (ISGNSS), Munich Satellite Navigation Summit and other international conferences and forums. The China academic conferenceon satellite navigation is held annually, together with many other forums and seminars.China encourages and supports domestic research institutions, industrial enterprises, universities and social organizations, under the guidance of the government policy, to carry out international exchanges, coordination and cooperation activities with other countries and international organizations in the fields of the compatibility and interoperability, satellite navigation standards, coordinates frame, time reference, application development and scientific research. China has been actively engaged in international activities in terms of monitoring and assessment of open service for GNSS to promote the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System better serving the global users, and to promote the development of satellite navigation technology.ConclusionThe rapid development of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is attributedto China's reform and opening-up policy as well as the sustainable development of economy. As always, China will continue to promote the Global Navigation Satellite System construction and industrial development, to encourage the use of new satellite navigation technologies to provide new services, meeting the growing diversified needs of the people. By actively propelling international exchanges and cooperation, China will realize the compatibility and interoperability between the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and other navigation satellite systems in the world. China will provide global customers with high performance and highly reliable positioning, navigation and timing services.The Launch Record of BeiDouNavigation Satellites·October 31, 2000, launch of 1st BeiDou navigation experiment satellite.·December 21, 2000, launch of 2nd BeiDou navigation experiment satellite.·May 25, 2003, launch of the 3rd BeiDou navigation experiment satellite.·February 3, 2007, launch of the 4th BeiDou navigation experiment satellite.·April 14, 2007, launch of the 1st BeiDou navigation satellite.·April 15, 2009, launch of the 2nd Beidou navigation satellite.·January 17, 2010, launch of the 3rd BeiDou navigation satellite.·June 2, 2010, launch of the 4th BeiDou navigation satellite.·August 1, 2010, launch of the 5th BeiDou navigation satellite.·November 1, 2010, launch of the 6th BeiDou navigation satellite. ·December 18, 2010, launch of the 7th BeiDou navigation satellite. ·April 10, 2011, launch of the 8th BeiDou navigation satellite. ·July 27, 2011, launch of the 9th BeiDou navigation satellite. ·December 2, 2011, launch of the 10th BeiDou navigation satellite.译文北斗定位前言卫星导航系统可以提供所有的时间，所有天气情况下用户在地球表面或近地空间的高精度定位、导航和授时服务。
北斗导航卫星英中文版介绍
Beidou (Compass) Navigation Satellite System With the long history and its splendid culture. China is one of the important creatures of early human civilization. Chinese people have used the big dipper for identifying direction ever since ancient times. They invented the world's first navigation device 'Compass', which was a great contribution for the development of the world. And become a bridge of friendship between China and foreign countries. The ancient Compass has become the glory of our history. While Beidou system will become a new contribution of China to mankind.Beidou (Compass) Navigation Satellite System is a global navigation satellite system,which is being independently developed and operated by China. It will provide all weather-position velocity and timing services with high accuracy and reliability with users anywhere anytime. It has advantages of quick-positioning, location-reporting and information exchange.The development of Beidou system can be divided into three phases.Phase 1. In the early 1980s China began to study Beidou Navigation Demonstration System based on dual satellite active positioning. The construction of the Demonstration System started in 1994. The system began to provide services in 2000. Which made China the third nation in position of an independent navigation satellite system following the U.S and Russia. The Demonstration System consists of three GE satellites and corresponding ground systems. The cost efficient system was quickly put into use. It has been providing positioning, short message telecommunication and timing services for users in China and nearby areas.Phase 2. To provide better services for national economic development and to meet in creasing demand for satellite navigation. China started to build Beidou Navigation SatelliteSystem besed on passive positioning in 2004. Around 2012, they system will cover the Asia-Pacific region with more than 10 satellites. Currently several satellites have been successfully launched, and the project is advancing on schedule.Phase 3. Around 2020, Beidou System will be completed and provide global coverage with 35 satellites, offering state-of-the-art services. Worldwide users will enjoy two kinds of high quality, including Open and Authorized services. The Open services will be free of direct charge with an accuracy of 10m for positioning 0.2m/s for velocity and 20ns for timing. The Authorized service will have higher accuracy and better reliability and will be available to authorized users.From the snow cover of Plateau to the Gobi Desert, from the Northern border to the Southern territorial seas. Since 2000, Beidou Navigation Demonstration System has been widely used in many fields. Such as Mapping, Telecommunications, Water conservancy, Fishery, Transportation, Forest fire prevention, Disaster relief and Public safety. Especially in the Beijing Olympic Games, the Frozen, Disaster Wenchuan Earthquake relief and Shanghai World Expo. The Demonstration System has played an important role and produce significant economic and social benefits.Beidou System has been widely used in the field of China maritime fishery. It can provide services for fishery management devolvement. Such as Vessel position monitoring, Emergency rescue, Policy issue and Vessel in and out management. It can also provide services for fishing vessels. Such as Navigation and position, Distress signals, Maritime notice and Value attitude information, providing vessel-vessel and vessel-shore message telecommunications.Beidou System has also played an important role in disaster rescue. In 2008, Wenchuan suffered a catastrophic earthquake, in which the ground cables and communication facilities were damaged seriously. Under the emergency of interruption of regular communications and impossible roads, Beidou System provided an important assurance for command of relief teams and notice of disaster's situation. And it was an advantage for positioning and short message telecommunications.As an important member of IGE, China has participated in all previous assemblies and private forums. Widely communicated with authorities of relevant countries. China will always actively cooperate with foreign countries. And promote cooperation in Frequency coordination, Compatibility and interoperability, International standard, Time and coordinate reference, Scientific research and Applicative development between Beidou System and other satellite navigation systems. China will promote worldwide application of satellite navigation and make contributions to scientific development, and technological progress of this field.Our own ancestors used the big dipper for identifying direction. Today we use Beidou system for global positioning. As one of the cooperators of global navigation satellite systems. Beidou system will be committed to providing satellite positioning. Navigation and timing services with high performance high quality and high reliability for global users, and make important contributions to human society.Serve the world. Benefit the mankind. This is Beidou Navigation Satellite System.北斗导航系统在漫长的充满文化底蕴的历史长河中，中国是早期人类文明发展的重要一环。
北斗卫星导航系统英文版ppt演示
Next, we'll have much more money to develop new Beidou positioning system products, like this one, it can help us know more about what's going on on the road we want to go
Hi,everybody!
Members：Jeason 2011102763 Frank 2011102758 Paul 2011102767
How To Do A Project
Beidou
Global Positioning System
How To Do A Project
By now,Beidou Global Positioning System has covered the Asian-Pacific region. And by the year 2020, it can cover all the world by 35 satellites
How To Do A Project
Of course, car manufacturers can be the largest official partners. So we'll cooperate with the car manufacturers for the futher study and development.
How To Do A Project
And this one, the navigator is in the mirror.
Turn on the switch and it can be seen, when you do not use it, turn off and you will see just a mirror there. It will be more convenient and looks fashion.
北斗导航定位系统英语作文
北斗导航定位系统英语作文The Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a global navigation satellite system developed by China. It is named after the Chinese term for the Big Dipper, a star constellation which has been used for navigation in China for thousands of years. The Beidou system provides users with accurate positioning, navigation, and timing services.The Beidou system consists of three main components: the space segment, the ground segment, and the user segment. The space segment includes a constellation of satellites that orbit the Earth, providing global coverage. The ground segment consists of monitoring and control stations that track and manage the satellites. The user segment includes the receivers and devices that utilize the Beidou signals for navigation and timing.One of the key features of the Beidou system is itsability to provide highly accurate positioning and timing information. This is crucial for a wide range of applications, including transportation, agriculture, disaster relief, and security. With its advanced technology and global coverage,the Beidou system has become an important tool for various industries and government agencies around the world.In addition to its civilian applications, the Beidou system also has important military and strategic implications. It can provide China with independent and secure positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities, reducing its reliance on foreign systems. This has significant implications fornational security and defense, as well as for China's global influence and leadership in space technology.The development and deployment of the Beidou system is a significant achievement for China's space program. It represents a major technological advancement and demonstratesChina's growing capabilities in space technology andsatellite navigation. The Beidou system also reflects China's commitment to international cooperation and contribution to global technological advancement.As the Beidou system continues to expand and improve, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning. Its advanced technology and comprehensive coverage make it a valuable asset for a wide range of users, from commercial and civilian applications to military and strategic uses. The Beidou system is a testament to China's ambition and innovation in space technology, andit will undoubtedly shape the future of global navigation and positioning.。
北斗卫星导航系统建设与发展
编者按：2020年11月23日，第十一届中国卫星导航年会在成都召开。
在年会开幕式上，中国卫星导航系统管理办公室副主任杨军作了《北斗卫星导图1 北斗三号全球卫星导航系统星座组网图优于0.2m/s，授时精度优于20ns；亚太地区定位精度优于5m，测速精度优于0.1m/s，授时精度优于10ns。
交通运输方面，北斗系统广泛应用于重点运输过程监控、公路基础设施安全监控、港口高精度实时定位调度监控等领域，使综合交通管理效率和运输安全水平显著提升。
截至2020年10月底，有近700万辆道路营运车辆已经安装使用北斗系统，占运营车辆的96%；3.14万辆邮政快递车辆安装使用北斗系统，占比88%；约1400艘公务船舶安装使用北斗系统，占比75%；约300架通用飞行器安装使用北斗系统，占比11%。
特别是在运输航空器上成功实现了北斗首次应用。
此外，北斗在中欧班列运输、京张高铁建设运营、浩吉和沪昆等铁路测试监测等方面也得到大量应用，为铁路运输高质量发展赋能赋智。
农业领域，基于北斗的农机自动驾驶系统推广应用近4.5万台套，节约50%的用工成本；基于北斗的农机作业监管平台和物联网平台为近40万余台套农机设备提供服务，极大提高了作业管理效率。
林业领域，北斗定位与短报文通信功能广泛应用于森林防火、天然林保护、森林自然调查、病虫害防治等。
渔业领域，为渔业管理部门和渔船提供船位监控、紧急救援、信息发布、渔船出入港管理等服务。
减灾救灾方面，基于北斗的导航、定位、短报文通信功能，提供实时救灾指挥调度、应急通信、灾情信息快速上报与共享等服务，显著提高了灾害应急救援的快速反应能力和决策能力。
已建成部、省、市 （县）三级平台，实现六级业务应用，推广北斗终端超过4.5万台。
湖南、江苏、贵州、广西、四川等地利用北斗/GNSS高精度技术建立地质灾害监测预警系统，在2020年抗击南方洪灾期间，多次成功预报山体滑坡等灾害事件发生，保障了人民生命财产安全。
介绍北斗卫星导航系统的研发应用英语作文
The Development and Applications of China's Beidou Satellite Navigation System The Beidou Satellite Navigation System, also known as BDS, is a crucial component of China's independent global navigation satellite system. Since its inception in the 1990s, BDS has undergone several stages of development, evolving from a regional system to a fully operational global navigation satellite system. This remarkable feat in technological advancement has not only enhanced China's strategic position in the global space race but has also opened up a wide range of applications in various sectors. The initial stages of BDS saw the launch of experimental satellites, followed by the establishment of a regional navigation satellite system covering Asia-Pacific. This regional system provided positioning, navigation, and timing services to the region, supporting various applications such as transportation, meteorology, and agriculture. With the successful launch of more satellites, BDS has gradually expanded its coverage, encompassing global regions, making it a truly global navigationsatellite system.One of the most significant applications of BDS is in the transportation sector. It has greatly improved the efficiency and safety of road, rail, and maritime transportation by providing precise positioning and timing information. Vehicles equipped with BDS receivers can obtain real-time traffic information, optimal routes, and accurate arrival times, greatly reducing travel time and congestion. Additionally, BDS has been integrated into intelligent transportation systems, enabling features like automatic driving, collision avoidance, and emergency braking.In the field of meteorology, BDS plays a crucial rolein weather forecasting and climate monitoring. By providing precise positioning data, it enables meteorologists to track and predict the movement of weather systems more accurately. This information is crucial for planning and responding to extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods.Agriculture is another sector that has benefited significantly from BDS. Farmers can now use precision farming techniques, such as variable-rate fertilization andprecision irrigation, based on precise positioning data provided by BDS. This not only improves crop yield and quality but also reduces the environmental impact of farming activities.Beyond these sectors, BDS has found applications in various other fields, including search and rescue operations, disaster management, and even leisureactivities like hiking and fishing. The system's accuracy and reliability have made it a trusted partner in many critical operations, ensuring the safety and efficiency of personnel and operations.In conclusion, the development and applications of China's Beidou Satellite Navigation System have marked a significant milestone in technological advancement. Its transition from a regional to a global system has not only boosted China's position in the global space race but has also opened up a wide range of applications in various sectors, enhancing efficiency, safety, and sustainability. As BDS continues to evolve and improve, its impact on society and the economy will become even more profound.**中国北斗卫星导航系统的研发与应用**北斗卫星导航系统，简称北斗系统，是中国自主研发的全球导航卫星系统的重要组成部分。
关于北斗卫星的英语作文
关于北斗卫星的英语作文英文回答：Introduction.BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), developed by China, is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services to users worldwide. It is one of four major GNSSs, along with the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), Russia's Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and the European Union's Galileo.Development and History.The development of BDS began in the late 1990s and was officially launched in 2000. The first BDS satellites were launched in 2003, and the system became fully operational in 2012. Since then, BDS has undergone several upgrades and expansions, with the latest being the launch of its third-generation satellites in 2020.System Architecture.BDS consists of three main components:Space segment: Comprises a constellation of satellites in three different orbits: geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), and inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO).Control segment: Responsible for satellite navigation, telemetry, and control.User segment: Comprises receivers that utilize BDS signals for PNT services.Services.BDS provides a range of services, including:Positioning: Determines the position of a receiver inthree dimensions.Navigation: Provides guidance for navigation purposes.Timing: Synchronizes time across different devices and systems.Short Message Service (SMS): Transmits short messages to users in remote areas.Real-time precise positioning: Provides highly accurate positioning services for applications such as surveying and construction.Applications.BDS is widely used in various applications, including: Transportation (road, rail, air, and maritime)。
北斗卫星导航系统建设与发展
一、发展规划1．发展目标北斗卫星导航系统致力于为全球用户提供连续、稳定、可靠的定位、导航、授时服务；满足国家安全和经济社会发展对定位、导航、授时的需求，促进国家信息化建设和经济发展方式转变，提升经济和社会效益；与世界其他卫星导航系统共同合作，服务全球、造福人类。
2．基本原则开放：面向全球用户免费提供开放服务。
自主：独立自主发展和运行北斗系统。
兼容：致力于实现与其他卫星导航系统的兼容与互操作，使用户获得更好的服务。
渐进：依据国家的技术和经济发展实际，循序渐进地建设北斗系统。
3．发展步骤按照“三步走”的发展路线，“先区域、后全球，先有源、后无源”的发展思路分步实施，形成突出区域、面向全球、富有特色的北斗系统发展道路。
第一步：1994～2000年，形成区域有源服务能力第二步：2004～2012年，形成区域无源服务能力；第三步：2013～2020年，形成全球无源服务能力。
4．系统组成北斗系统由空间段、地面控制段、用户段组成，空间段包括5颗静止轨道（GEO）卫星、3颗倾斜同步轨道（IGSO）卫星和27颗中圆轨道（MEO）卫星；地面控制段包括主控站、注入站、监测站等30余个地面站；用户段包括北斗终端、与其他导航系统兼容的终端。
北斗系统提供授权、公开、广域差分和短报文四种服务，定位精度优于10m，授时精度优于20ns，测速精度每秒0.2m。
5．基本政策北斗系统为用户免费提供开放服务。
持续进行系统维护和完善，不断提升服务性能，为用户提供更高质量的服务。
按计划发布公开服务规范，发挥政府和市场的作用，推动北斗/GNSS应用的创新、普及与国际化，打造国家战略性新兴产业的基础。
秉承发展、合作、共赢的理念，实现北斗与其他GNSS系统的兼容共用，充分发挥系统效能，提升用户效益。
二、最新进展1．系统建设（1）保持系统稳定运行北斗系统自2012年12月27日正式提供区域服务以来，系统连续稳定运行，服务性能指标稳中有升。
通过覆盖亚太地区的服务信号监测评估表明，系统服务性能满足指标要求，部分地区服务性能优于10m。
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China determined to develop an independent satellite navigation system in 1980s’.
The BeiDou navigation demonstration system was completed in 2003, since then it has been used in many areas. Now the BeiDou navigation satellite system is under construction.
The technical preparation for publishing BeiDou SIS ICD (v1.0) has been finished, and the ICD as well as its update will be gradually released on the governmental website of BeiDou System.
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Contents
1. Basic principles 2. System General Description 3. System Deployment 4. Applications 5. Compatibility and Interoperability 6. Conclusions
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System Description
➢System Structure ➢Signal Characteristics ➢Time System ➢Coordinate System ➢Services and Performances
12
System Structure
Space Segment
5
Basic Principles
➢Openness ➢Independency ➢Compatibility ➢Gradualness
6
Basic Principles
Openness
BeiDou will provide high quality open services free of charge from direct users, and worldwide use of BeiDou is encouraged.
Munich Satellite Navigation Summit 2010
BeiDou (COMPASS) Navigation Satellite System Development
China Satellite Navigation Office
Mar. 9th-11th, 2010, Munich 1
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Basic Principles
Independency
China will develop and operate BeiDou system independently, and BeiDou can independently provide services for global users and particularly provide high quality services in Asia-Pacific region .
5 GEO satellites and 30 Non-GEO satellites
Constellation
GEO Satellite
MEO Satellite
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System Structure
Ground Segment The ground segment consists of Master
Gradualness
The construction of BeiDou system follows a stepby-step pattern based on technical and economic evolution in China.
BeiDou will provide long-term continuous services for users, improve system performance and ensure smooth transition during all life cycle.
Contents
1. Basic principles 2. System General Description 3. System Deployment 4. Applications 5. Compatibility and Interoperability 6. Conclusions
Control Station, Utor Stations.
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System Structure
User Segment
The user segment consists of BeiDou user terminals and interoperable terminals with other GNSS.
8
Basic Principles
Compatibility
BeiDou will pursue solutions to realize compatibility and interoperability with other satellite navigation systems.
9
Basic Principles
User terminals of BeiDou system
15
System structure
User Segment
The development of user terminals is making progress steadily and related policies and standards are being studied and developed.
China will widely and thoroughly communicate with other countries on satellite navigation issues to facilitate the development of GNSS technologies and the industry.