定语从句专项讲解与练习-(1)
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练（含答案）一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等;关系副词包括where，when，why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语，假如去掉的话，主句的意义就不完全，意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词，如：I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔，起弥补申明感化，如省去，意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Michael Jaskon，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2010.如：Mary lived in the city of Hongkong，where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题(1)
定语从句练习题附答案解析1．Is ______ you borrowed from the library?A．this book B．this the bookC．this book which D．this book that【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这是你从图书馆借来的那本书吗？句子的主干是：Is this the book? 这就是那本书吗？定语从句的先行词是the book，关系代词that/which在定语从句中作borrowed的宾语（作动词宾语时可以省略），book前加the表示特指，也就是你从图书馆借来的那本书。
故答案为B。
2．There were many times _____Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation ______climbing in Utah.A．that; when B．when; that C．when; when D．which; that【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：有许多次阿伦因为事故差的送命。
在2003年4月26日，在犹他州登山时他发现他自己在非常危险的处境中。
考查定语从句和状语从句。
通过分析句子可知，第一句是含有定语从句的结构，先行词many times，在定语从句中充当时间状语，用关系副词when做引导词；根据句意和句子结构可知，第二句是when引导的时间状语从句，根据句意可知从句是过去进行时态，从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，这时候从句的主语和be可以省略，用when+现在分词；故选C。
【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
(完整)初中英语定语从句讲解及练习
(完整)初中英语定语从句讲解及练习初中英语定语从句讲解及练一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) XXX class one.(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.留意：干系代词whom在白话和非正式语体中经常利用who替代，可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) XXX is a game which is XXX.(2) this is the pen (which) XXX.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning?5. whose平日指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) XXX.(2) i once XXX.whose指物时，经常利用以下布局来替代(3) the classroom XXX.(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+干系代词指导的定语从句干系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+干系代词指导(1) the school (that/which) he once XXX.(2) the school in which he once XXX.(3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) we'll go to hear the XXX) we have often talked about.(6) we'll go to hear the XXX.留意：1.含有介词的动词短语普通不拆开利用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) this is the watch which/that i am looking for. (t)(2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f)2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t)(2) the man who/that you talked with is my friend. (f)(3) the plane in which we XXX)(4) the XXX)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some ofwhich have gone bad.(3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.in the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.a. thatb. whoc. from whomd. to whom简析:本题定语从句中的turn与介词to构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助）"。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解1．基本介绍❶功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
❷位置：被修饰词之后❸先行词：被定语从句修饰的词❹关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
❺确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。
关系词用法成份例句that 人、物主、宾Is he the man that wants to see you?who 人主Is he the man who wants to see you?whom谁+N 主、宾He is the man whom I saw yesterday?whose 谁的+N 定语Please pass me the book whose cover is green.which 哪个、物主、宾This is the house which we bought last month.关系代词as 正主、宾、表As we all know,smoking is harmful to one’s health.when 什么时候There are occasions when(on which)are must yield.where 地点哪里Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.关系副词why 表原因介词+whichIs this the reason why(for which) he refused ouroffer?二．特殊用法情况用法先行词只用that,不用which,指物宜用which，不用thatas/which的区别❶先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时关系词前有介词无先行词的定语从句中用as/which引导❷先行词被all/every/no/some/any/little/much/the only/the very/few等词修饰时引导非限制性定语（有逗号隔开的句子）从句❸先行词既有人又有物时先行词本身是that ❹先行词在主句中做表语as:“正如.....一样”，可置句首。
定语从句讲解和练习
定语从句复习提纲※定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
一，只用that不用which的情况1，当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。
如：Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.2，当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。
例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait.That’s the very thing that we can do.3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
例如：The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.This is the best novel that I have ever read.4、被修饰词为数词时。
例如：Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.5、主句是There be结构，修饰主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。
例句：There’s still a room that is free.6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。
例如：We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.7、当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。
英语宾语从句定语从句状语从句讲解与练习
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B，由连词if、whether引导的表示是否的宾语从句。Whether，if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
三，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:
例：I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’tknow where
定语从句
在主从复合句中充当定语的句子是定语从句，它在句中修饰名词或代词。定语从句一般由关系代词that, which, who(m), whose和关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面作后置定语。在中考试题中，主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
定语从句讲解(附练习)
定语从句讲解（附练习）一、概述在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why等。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.最后，那个小偷向警察交出他偷的所有的东西。
（引导词是关系代词that）His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone whose family was poor.他父母不让他和家庭困难的人结婚。
（引导词是关系代词whose）In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在那个黑暗的街道上，没有她可以求助的人。
（引导词是关系代词whom）In 1519 another traveller who went to America from Europe discovered the tomato. 1519年另一位从欧洲去美洲的旅行家发现了西红柿。
（引导词是关系代词who）I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得第一次去北京的那一天。
（引导词是关系副词when）This is the house where we lived last year. 这就是我们去年住的房子。
（引导词是关系副词where）二、关系代词和关系副词的功用能关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句讲解及练习 (1)
宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句一状语从句1. 时间状语从句在句中相当于时间状语的从句叫时间状语从句, 常由as soon as, when, while, as, after, before, since, ever since, until, every time, each time, next time等引导。
As soon as you arrive, give me a phone call. 你一到就给我来电话.Mary was reading when I left. 我走的时候玛丽正在读书.While I played the piano, sister did her homework. 我在谈钢琴,姐姐在做功课.You can’t leave until you go through with your work. 不完成这项工作你不能走。
注意: 1. 用until引导时间状语从句时, 主句应用可持续性动词,如果主句是非持续性动词,则主句用否定形式.如:I won’t go until you come back. 你回来了我再走.2. 在时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示一般将来时, 用一般过去时表示过去将来时. 如:Don’t forget to bring your DV4000 camera here when you come. 你来的时候别忘了带DV4000摄像机.3. 在由since 引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时. 也可用“It is + 一段时间 + since (引导一般过去时的从句)”句型. 如:He has worked in that company since he graduated from Wuhan University. 他毕业以来就一直在那个公司工作.2.地点状语从句在句中相当于地点状语的从句叫地点状语从句.引导地点状语从句的常用词有 where, anywhere, somewhere等. Make marks where you have questions. 在有问题的地方作出标记.You can go anywhere you like. 你可以到你想去的任何地方.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成.3. 原因状语从句在句中相当于原因状语的从句叫原因状语从句. 引导原因状语从句的常用词有because, as, since, for 等. Roman was absent from school because he was ill. 罗曼病了, 没有上学.As Parker was in a hurry, he left this bag home. 由于派克太匆忙才把包丢家里了.Since everyone makes mistakes, you shouldn’t always criticize him. 既然每个人都会犯错误, 你不该总是批评他。
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定语从句专项讲解与练习定语从句的定义：从句作定语，修饰名词、代词，这样的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句作定语放在先行词的前面。
如果要表达:我喜欢那个漂亮的女孩。
I love the pretty girl.如果要表达：那个喜欢我的女孩。
只能借助于定语从句the girl who loves me.其中the girl即为定语从句的先行词，而who即为定语从句的关系词。
指人：who、whom关系代词指物：which、as（作主宾表）指人和物:that,whose关系词表时间：when关系副词表地点：where（作状）表原因：why1、who指人，who在从句中当主语。
He who has not reached the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
The teacher ___________spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________❖作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。
2、whom指人，是who的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语，前面没有介词时，可用who/that来代替，也可省略。
The girl ___________________ I like isn’t here now.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________The doctor with ________________she went to the United States last month is very famous.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________The person ___________________ you met yesterday is our Chinese teacher.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________3、whose指“谁的”，或“某物的”，在从句中作修饰词。
whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。
The girl ___________father is a doctor is our classmate.You’re the only one ____________ advice he might listen to.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________I’d like a room _______________window looks out over the sea.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________4、that在从句中作主语或宾语，既可以指人又可以指物；作宾语时可以省略。
She is the very person (that) I want to see at once.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________A plane is a machine_____________ can fly.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________5、which在从句中作主语或是宾语，只能指物；West Lake ______________lies in Hangzhou is one of the most famous lakes in China.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________The coat (___________________) I put on the desk is black.6、as当先行词有such , so , the same等修饰时, 关系代词要用as ；as在从句中可作主语，宾语和表语。
e.g. 1) . I have never seen such a kind girl as she is .2) . He is such a good teacher ( so good a teacher ) as every student respects .※但在以下两种情况下有区别：. as从句可位于句首(或主句前) , 而which从句只能在主句后。
e.g. ____ is often the case , we have worked out the production plan .A . WhichB . WhenC . WhatD . Asthat, which可以在从句中当主语或宾语，当宾语时可以省略。
whom在从句中是当宾语的，也可以省略。
但是，当以上关系词前面有介词时，就不能省略。
A）指人时who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，把以下两个句子合并成一句：I thank the woman.The woman helps me a lot.I thank the woman who (that)helps me a lot.（主语）The man was Jone .I saw him.The man (who whom that) I saw was jone.(作宾语)She was the woman .I told you about her.She was the woman (who whom that) I told you about .(做介词宾语) /She was the woman about whom I told you.(介词后只能用宾格)B）指物时which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，把以下两个句子合并成一句：A prosperity appears in the countryside.A prosperity had never been seen before .A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which / that在句中作主语）1.Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. as2.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in whichC) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）,例如：They rushed over to help the man. His car had broken down.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A.whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose●that与which的区分A）指物或人时宜用that 的情况：❖先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much, little, few等时Is there anything (that) you don’t understand?All that can be done has been done.❖先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much等修饰时，I want to read all the books ___________ were written by Lu Xun.❖先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book (___________) I have ever read.This is one of the best films _______________I have ever seen.This is the best________________ can be done now.❖先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰时，如果是人时，可以用who/whom来代替。
He is the only person___________________can help you out.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________This is one of the very book that I am looking for.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________❖当先行词既指人又指物时。
We are talking about the people and the things (____________) we have visited in this country.中文意思：我们正在谈论在这个国家所见过的人和事。
❖关系代词作定语从句中be的表语时，that可以省略。
The city is no longer the one (that) it used to be.Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.❖主句是以who, what, which开头的特殊问句时。