虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别
(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结
虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday， he would have asked you about it。
如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
（事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
）1。
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。
错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had listened to the doctor， you would be all right now。
如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)3。
省略连词if （倒装)。
在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come）, tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you）， I would not do it。
Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow）, I should ask him about it。
要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。
Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler， the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话，自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。
虚拟语气用法详解
虚拟语气用法详解1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间2.条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he were free, he would help us.要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题:(1)虚拟条件从句中的倒装：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, h ad 时，if 可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。
如：If he should agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
If she were here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
虚拟语气的规则总结
虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
一、if从句：（二）错综时间的虚拟句：通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）??（三）省略：If 从句中含有were, should, had时，可省略if并把were, should, had提前。
例如：Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注：注：would, should, could与might的选择：①一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。
常译作“将、就会”。
如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。
虚拟语气和错综条件句和含蓄虚拟
虚拟语气表示说话人所言内容不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令或猜测，有时只是说话者的主观愿望，或表达他/她的强烈情感，谓语动词用特殊形式。
一．虚拟语气在if 条件句中的用法If从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
2. 条件中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，他会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well.如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
If I were you, I would never do that. 如果我是你,我决不做那件事。
If it weren’t for (=But for) your help, I would still be homeless. 若不是你帮忙，我现在还是无家可归。
If I had more money, I would buy a car. 我要是有再多一点钱，我就买汽车了。
If there were no subjective mood，English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易得多了。
If I knew his telephone number，I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了。
If I were you, I would go there at once.If my classmates were here, they would help me.If I were you, I would accept the job.If classes were smaller, children would learn more.If I were ten years younger, I would start all over again.If I had enough money, I would buy a large house.If I had time, I would go shopping with you.If I knew all the answers to all your questions, I would be a genius.If he were here now, we would ask him about it.If I had time, I would study French.If I knew her number, I could ring her. (可惜我不知道)If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (实际上地球引力始终存在。
虚拟语气用法总结
概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这 种形式称为语气。语气分三种： 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有 肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!
He is not interested in classical music. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告 等（动词常用原形） Don’t be late！ 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假 设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
2.If I were you, I would accept his advice. Were I you,……
3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
Should it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,
（或用could have done） 与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do/be
I wish (that)he_w_o_u_ld_/_c_ou_l_d_/m__ig_h_t v_i_si(tvisit) us tomorrow.
I wish (that) he__v_i_si_te_d___(visit)us today. I wish he_h_a_d_v_i_si_t_ed__u_s/_c_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_v_is_i_te_d__u_s (visit) us yIfeosntelyrdyaoyu. __h_a_d_li_s_te_n_e_d___ （listen)to our advice!
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法（一）形式注：1．在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。
在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you．．．2．主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。
3．与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were ＋to do或should ＋do。
例句1：If I were you，I would study hard．我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。
（与现在事实相反）例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester．我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。
（与过去事实相反）例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC．我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。
（与将来事实相反）1/ 9（二）省略／倒装如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be 或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me．5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。
注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是：If it hadn't been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．但是一旦句子发生了省略，就必须把hadn't分开，否定词not还原，放在主语之后，不可写成Hadn't it been for的形式。
错综时间虚拟与含butforwithout的虚拟（四）
错综时间虚拟与含butforwithout的虚拟（四）错综时间虚拟条件句与含有but for/without条件句的虚拟（四）虚拟语气内容的语法点较多，Master Osifu English这一讲继续为大家讲述虚拟语气。
大家可以按照虚拟语气的语法点逐条学习，Master Osifu English尽量为大家明晰思路，帮助大家掌握此知识点。
(一)错综时间虚拟条件句：即主句与条件从句的谓语动词所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间虚拟条件句”。
下面，Master Osifu English以例句的形式为大家讲解。
（1）If you had taken medicine yesterday, you would feel better now. 要是昨天你吃了药，现在会感觉更好些。
（此处if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，而主句是对现在的虚拟，故用would+do的形式。
）（2）If he were not ill, he would have finished the job. 如果他没有生病，他早就完成工作了。
（此处if条件句是对现在的虚拟，故用过去时，而主句是对过去的虚拟，故用would have done 的形式。
）(二)but for/without条件句的虚拟：在含有but for/without条件句的虚拟中，首先要判断句子是哪种情况的虚拟，是现在情况、将来情况还是过去的情况？例如：Without water, the fish would die. 没有水，鱼儿会死的。
But for the teacher’s help, she could not have passed the exam. 要不是老师的帮助，她不可能考试及格。
下面让我们练习题型的形式来理解并巩固此知识点。
1._____Lucy, we _____ the book last month.A.Without; would loseB. If not; will loseC.But for; would have lostD.If it is not for; would have lose解析：答案C.解题思路，主句的last month给出的信息为过去，那么此句为过去情况的虚拟，故谓语动词为would have done形式，能与之搭配的只有but for，所以选C.2.Without the policemen’s help, they_____their lives.A.would have lostB.should loseC.might loseD. can lost解析：答案A.解题思路，首先判断此句属于什么情况的虚拟，根据句意，应为过去情况的虚拟，故主语应为would have done形式，所以选A.3.I ____sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A.had comeB.was comingC.would comeD. would have come解析：答案D.解题思路，此题前后句时间不一致，为错综时间虚拟句，前面的句子表示过去情况，故为would have done形式。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的时机，我会更加努力学习。
If you had e earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you e earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。
③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。
如：What would you do with a million dollars" (=if you had a million dollars)如果你有100万元，你会做什么？We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help)没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
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虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. （错综时间条件从句）
You would have been much better now if you had taken my advice.(虚拟）
假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了
在表示虚拟语气的句子中，条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间来调整，这种现象叫做错综时间虚拟语气。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，现在就会好多了。
（从句过去，主句现在）would have been 是与过去事实相反的非真实条件句
一般来说虚拟语气中的混合时态的句子都有具体的时间词来进行提示的，比如
说：
If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would get more gifts now.
如果我们早点来商场的话（过去的时间虚拟），我们现在就可以拿更多的礼物了
（现在的虚拟）。
这是两个不同时间的虚拟语气，有相应的时间词来提示的，now来提示后句的时
间是现在而不是和前面一样的过去。
If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would have got more gifts.
如果我们早点来商场的话，我们就会拿到更多的礼物了。
（已经拿了礼物了，但是实际上过去拿的时候没有拿到那么多）
如果从句和主句都表示过去的，那从句用had done,主句用
would ,could,might,should+have done
如：If you had taken my advice,you would not have been late for the meeting yesterday.如果从句表示过去的，但主句表示现在的，从句用had done,主句用would ,could,might,should+do,如：If you had taken my advice,you would not be late for the meeting now.这种一般都有个时间，如果没有表示时间的词也可以从上下文看出。
虚拟语气的用法错误。
随着说话人意图的不同，动词也要用不同的形式。
但凡提到虚拟语气，都与谓语动词的形式有关，所以一定要注意用谓语动词的正确形式。
例如：
（1 ）Had Paul received six more votes in the last election，he would have been our chairman now.
应把would have been 改为would be .这是个错综复杂的条件句，因为有now 限制，所以主句和从句属不同的时间范畴。
（2 ）The committee members propose that the plan is postponed for a few days.
应把is postponed 改为be postponed .这是虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。
像propose 这类词，如：request，advise，prefer，urge，order，insist，desire，move，recommend，suggest，demand，require，determine 等若出现在主句里，其从句中的谓语动词一定要用虚拟语气即（should ）+ 动词原形，表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等。
if you had worked hard，you would get higher marks
如果没有明确的时间状语，可以根据语境而定。
如这个句子，很明显是在说过去要是认真点，现在就不会分数低。
从句与过去事实相反，谓语用had done；主句与现在事实相反谓语用would do。