江苏省泰州中学2017-2018高二上学期学情检测(小高考模拟
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二学业水平测试模拟(一)化学(必修)试题扫描版含答案
2018年江苏省泰州中学高二学业水平测试（必修科目）一模化学试卷 注意事顼考生在答题It 请认具闻读水洼**項及各题答题要桌1. 本次才试时间为75 4♦忙试春满介100分.2. 本试总包含单项遶择题（M 1题~第23题，共23题69分）、非选择题（第24题~第26题, 共3题31分）共两部分.考生答题全汞答在答题娥上，答在本试崽上一律无效.3. 答题谊，请务必将自己的姓龙、才试号用书写只色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题域上.本卷可能用到的相对原子质* Hl C12 016 Fe56 S32 K39一、单顼览择題，在毎題的4个选琐中，只有一个选項是符合耍求的（本部分23 M,每題 3分，共69分）1. 下列说法中不属于•雾■僭灾害性天气治理措施的是A. 外出时使用PM2.5 口罩.减少有害物质的吸入B. 改燃煤为燃气.可减少废代中SQ 等有害物质的量C. 利用太阳能、潮汐能、风力发电，以获取清洁能鴻D. 使用“乙諄汽油3减少汽车尾气中有害气体的排放2. 下列物质中.属于纯净物的是A.氨水B.聚乙烯 3. 下列过程中不涉及化学反应的是A ・从海带中制取单质碘124•喏I 可用于治疗甲亢，有关马刃的说法正确的是C.电子数53D.质量数535. 下列化学用语表达正确的是 A. CL 的结构示意图：B. 乙酸的结构式：C2H46C.冰醋酸 C.废弃的干冰放在通风处自然升华D.白色污染的处理，回收后高温裂解A.中子数为131 B.质子数为131C.氯化氢分子的电子式：H*[:C1：]-D.碳酸氢钠的电离方程式：NaHCOj-Nf+HJCO?6.实验室制取下列气体可以用排水法收集的長A.NH3B.NOC.NO2D. SO23 7.下列化学式与指定物质的主要成分对应正确的是&下列物质中含有共价键的离子化合物是（） A. CaCl 2 B. H2O2 C. Na 2O D. NH4HCO39.在含有大量Ff 、H\ S&一的溶液中，还可能大量共存的离子是（） A. Ba 2+ B-OH"C. FD.NHt 10. 一定条件下，在体积一定的密闭容器中加入lmolN2和3mol H 2发生反应: XIX 压 N?+3Hr 测 即比（正反应是放热反应）•下列有关说法正确的是 化料A. 达到化学反应限度时，生成2moINH3B. lmol N 2和3mol H 2的总能童低于2mol NH 3的总能量C. 升高温度能加快反应速率D.平衡时N2・H?和NH3的物质的*:之比一定等于1:3:211. 下列反应厲于放热反应的是12. 下列关于苯的说法中，不正确的是A. 分子中C 、H 元素的质量比为12 : 1B. 在空气中燃烧时产生较多的黑烟C. 分子中含有三个C-C 键和三个c=c 键D. 在一定条件下可与氢气发生加成反应13・三氛化氮（NF3）是微电子工业技术创新必不可少的关犍原料之一，可由氨气和氛气反 应得到：4NH3+3F2HNF3+3NH4F ，下列有关该反应的说法中正确的是（）A ・该反应是复分解反应B ・氮元素化合价不变 C. NH3发生还原反应 D ・F2是氧化剂 14•下列实验装置不能达到实验目的的是 （）15•下列有关物质的性质与应用的说法中，均正确的足（ ）A.刚玉----------- S1O B.明 ——A1XSO4)312H2O C.小苏打 ------- D.漂白粉—— a(ClO )2. CaCl 2A. *02 ♦ C. C+H20J C0+H2B. 2Al+Fe2O3«®A・Fe”具有氧化性，可溶解印刷电路板上的金属铜23B ・碳酸顿、硫酸钦均难溶于水，均可用作顿餐C. 氧化铝具有很离的熔点，可用于制壇熔融烧碱的堆坝D. 二氣化硅具有半导体性能，可以制成光电池16・下列离子方程式书写正确的是()A. 实验室用大理石和稀盐酸制取COz ： 2JT + CO32* = CO2T+H 2OB. NaHCOa 溶液与 NaOH 溶液反应：OlT+HCOj ^ CO32- +H 2OC. 向AICI3溶液中加入过量的氮水溶液：A 产+ JOI£= A1(OH )31D. 铁和稀硝酸反应：Fe + 2H" = Fe 2+ + H 2t17•用N A 表示阿伏加律罗常数的值•下列说法正确的是() A. 常温常压下，16gO3中含有的原子数为N AB. 标准状况下，22.4LC2H5OH 中含有的分子数为N AC. ImolNa 在空气中完全燃烧转移的电子数为2N A21・下列实验方法能达到实验目的的是A. 用湿润的红色石菽试纸检验氨气B. 用长颈漏斗分离碘的四氯化碳瘩液和水溶液D. lLlmoVLCaCh 溶液中含有的氯离子数为N A 18.我国首创的海洋电池以铝板、钳网为电极，以海水作为电解质溶液，电池总反应为: 4A1 + 3Q + A. B. C. CH 2=CH 2+HC加聚反应 雷化反应 加成反应 +H 2O取代反应C.用焰色反应鉴别NaCl和Na2SO4两种无色晶体D.用KSCN溶液鉴别FeCb溶液和FefNOah濬液22.短周期主族元素X、Y、Z、W的廉子序数依次增大，X原子最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍，Y与W同主族.W?•的量外层为8电子结构.金属单质Z在空气中燃烧生成的化合物可与水发生氧化还原反应.下列说法正确的是（）A.原子半径,r（X）<r（Y）<i（Z）B.X与Y形成的化合物均不能燃烧C.最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性，w>xD.由Y、Z、W三种元素只能组成一种盐23.Cu、Cu2O和CuO组成的混合物，加入100mL0.6moVLHN03溶液恰好使混合物溶解，同时收集到224mLNO气体（标准状况），则下列说法不正确的是（）A.Cu：O跟稀硝酸反应的化学方程式为:BCuzOWHNOaTXNOab + 2NOt+7H2OB.如混合物中含0.OlmoLCu,则n（Cu20>0.005mol, n（CuO）=O.005molC.如混合物中Cu的物质的量为X, X的取值范S 0.005mol <X<0.015molD.产物中硝酸铜的物质的It为0.015mol二、非选择题（本部分3题，共31分）24.（15分）本题为选做题，包括A、B两题。
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二学业水平测试模拟(一)地理试题扫描版含答案
2017 ~ 2018学年度江苏省泰州中学离二学业水平测试地理一模试卷一・单項选共30 «,每・2分.60分・在下列各小慝的四个堆琐中.只有一个选項最符合逼目要求.2017年8月21日百年一遇的“超级日全食”于当地时间上午10时16分在美国西海岸（西八区）首先上演・图1为“美国“超级日全食'照片” •据此完成1〜2剧.1.类Hi西海岸首先上演“超级日全食"景观时,北京时间为A・8月20 B 18时16分B・8月21 H 2时16分C. 8 月21 B 18 时16 分D. 8 月22 H 2 时16 分2.“超级日全食”在美GB西海岸上演时，太阳直射点所在半球及移动方向分别是A.北半球，向南移动B.隋半球，向北移动图1C.北半球，向北移动D.南半球，向南移动第16届亚洲杯足球赛2015年1月9日至1月31日在澳大利亚举行.图2为亚洲杯承办城市分布图，读图完成3〜4席・■23.比赛城市中，布里斯班沮度量高的主是A.热带沙濃气候B-太阳高度角大c.大r逆辐射强D.履流影响显著4.比賽期同A.太阳直射点位于剧半球并向南移动B.悉尼昼长夜短且昼渐长夜渐短C.地球公转速度先减慢再加快D-泰州正午太阳高度角逐渐增大图3为某区域地质剖面示意图，图4为地壳物质循环示意图・读图完成5〜6題・图3图303 79.该图显示的天气状况.正确的是 A. 日温差①地大于④地 B.日均温①地小于③地 C.降水全部集中在②地 D.③地将出现连续性降水10・由该天气系统引起的天气现象是 A.天高云淡，秋高气真 B. 时甬时奖，十天半月下不停 C.黄梅时节家家雨.青草池塘处处蛙D ・忽如一夜春风来，千榆万样梨花开图7为一种常年被戈It 风沙吹蚀、■砺而形成的石头景观・据此宪成11-1211.形成图示岩石“千疮百孔”的独待外貌主要是由于 A.流水的侵蚀作用B.风力的沉积作用5.图3中I. 口、HL IV 四处岩石由老到新的顺序是A . I 、u 、m 、wB . iv 、m 、11、i6.图3与图4中岩石类型的对应.可能正确的是 A. I-TB. II 一丙C. m —乙D. IV —甲图5为气压带风带分布示意图，读图宪成7〜8題・fisA.甲&受图中丙风17.能正确表示泰州白昼时间最长时期气压带风带分布状况的是读图6,完成9〜10题。
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二学业水平测试模拟(一)物理(必修)试题扫描版含答案
江苏省泰州中学高二物理学业水平测试（必修）模拟试题（一）一、单项选择IL 每小理只有一个选项符合席倉（本大題23小题，每小题3分，共69分）.1.下列单位中，不厲于国际单位制的基本单位是2.如图所示.一木块放在水平桌面上，受水平方向的推力片和F?的作用，但木块处于静止状杰,FRON, F 2=2N,若撤去F“则关于木块受到合力F 和摩擦力f 的说法，正确的是A ・F=0；住2N,方向向右B. F=1ON,方向向左；仁8N,方向向右C. F=8N ：仁2N,方向向右 D ・F-O,仁03. 一物体做匀加速直线运动，经过一段时间后.若所•受的一切外力都突然消失，则关于物体后续 运动情况.下列描述中正确的是A-立即静止B.做匀速直线运动C ・继续做匀加速直线运动D ・做减速直线运动直至静止4.关于自由落体运动的加速度，下列说法中正确的是A.千克 C.米D.秒A ・重的物体加速度 B. 轻的物体加速度大C. 加速度与D. 加速度在地球上任何•地点都相同2A. 时5. 如图所示是某质点做直线运动的图象，关于该质点的运动，下列说法中正确的是间内质点做匀6・在“探究求合力B. 每次把棣皮条拉直C. 毎次读出弹竇測力计的示数D. 毎次记准细绳的方向&如图所示，有人用一簇气球使一座小屋成功升空.当小屋加速上升时，它受到的拉力与重力的关 系是A ・一对平衡力 C ・拉力小于重力阅读下列内容，回答头12題问题北京时间1月8日上午9点整，SpaceX 公司在美国卡纳维拉尔角发射了一枚猎鹰9号火箭，将 Zuma 卫星送入了预定轨道。
同时将分离后的一级火命进行回收。
在发射后2分33秒开始将分离后的一级火箭执行回收租序的第一次点火，又称反推点火，目的 是把一级火箭推回到发射场附近的着陆区。
反推点火后，一级火箭不再向远处飞行，而是沿着一个 高抛坳线轨迹，绕回到发射场上空。
在即将丼回地球大戋层之询，也就是发射后6分15秒，一级火 苛宕动回收槿序的第二次点火，称为再入点火。
2017-2018学年江苏省泰州中学高二上学期期初学情检测(小高考模拟)物理 Word版含答案byfen
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年度第一学期高二物理测试试卷一、选择题(本题共23小题，每小题3分，共69分。
在每小题给出的四个选项当中，只有一个选项是正确的）1.在物理学发展的进程中，许多科学家作出了重要的贡献.下列关于科学家及其成就的说法中正确的是A.开普勒发现了万有引力定律B.卡文迪许测出了引力常量GC.亚里士多德指出“力是改变物体运动状态的原因”D.伽利略得出“加速度与力成正比，与质量成反比”的结论2.物体在做曲线运动时，其速度A.方向一定改变B.方向一定不变C.大小一定改变D.大小一定不变3.我国《迸路交通安全法》第六十七条规定：高速公路最高时速不得超过120 km/h。
图示为髙速公路上的限速标志。
下列说法中正确的是A.该限速值约为12 m/sB.限速值是指汽车行驶的平均速度C.汽车限速是因为汽车速度越大，惯性越大，难以刹车D.汽车限速是因为汽车速度越大，刹车距离越大，容易发生交通事故4.月球上没有空气，若宇航员在月球上将一石块从某髙度由静止释放，下列图象中能正确描述石块运动情况的是5.在“探究力的合成的平行四边行定则，，的实验中，用两个弹簧测力计分别钩住细绳套，互成角度地拉橡皮条，使它伸长到某一位置0 点，为了确定两个分力的大小和方向，正确的操作方法是A.记录橡皮条伸长后的总长度B.记录两个弹簧测力计的示数C.描下橡皮犖固定斓的位置D.描下0点位置及细绳套的方向，记录两个弹簧测力计的示数6.伽利略在研宄落体运动时，提出了“把轻重不间的两个物体连在一起下落，与单独一个物体下落比较，是快了还是慢了”的问题，其目的是论证 A.自由落体运动的快慢与物体的质量无关 B.自由落体运动是匀加速直线运动 C.自由落体运动的速度与时间成正比 D.自由落体运动的速度与位移成正比7.下图是一辆汽车做直线运动的位移一时间图像，对线段OA 、AB 、BC 、CD 所表示的运动，下列说法正确的是A. 0A 、BC 段运动最快B.段做匀速直线运动C.CD 段表示的运动方向与初始运动方向相同D.4h 内，汽车的位移为零8.磁性黑板擦吸附在竖直的黑板平面上静止不动时，黑板擦受到的磁力 A.小于它受到的弹力 B.大于它受到的弹力C.与它受到的弹力是一对作用力与反作用力D.与它受到的弹力是一对平衡力9.如图所示，两根相同的轻弹簧S 1、S 2劲度系数都为m N k /1042⨯=，悬挂重物的质量分别为m1=2kg, m2=4kg,取g=10m/s 2,则静止时S 1、S 2的伸长量分别 为A. 5cm ,10cmB. 10cm ,5cmC. 15cm ,10cmD. 10cm ,15cm10.把一个月牙状的薄板悬挂起来，静止时如图所示.则薄板的重心可能是图中的A. A 点B. B 点C. C 点D. D 点11.如图所示，一个物体紧贴在匀速转动的圆筒内壁上与圆筒一起运动，关于物体的受力情况，下列说法中正确的是 A.重力、弹力、摩擦力B.重力、弹力、摩擦力、向心力C.重力、弹力、向心力D.重力、摩擦力、向心力12.从静止开始自由下落，不计空气阻力，在t 时间内重力对物体做功的功率 是 A.t mg 221 B. t mg 2 C. mgt 41D. mgt 13.利用图示装置“探究加速度与力、质量的关系”，下列说法中正确的是A.实验时，应先接通打点计时器的电源，再放开小车B.平衡摩擦力时，应将装砝码的砝码盘用细绳通过定 滑轮系在小车上C.改变小车的质童再次进行实验时，需要重新平衡摩 擦力D.改变小车运动的加速度可由牛顿第二定律直接求出14.如图所示，，甲、乙两人分别站在赤道和纬度为045的地面上随地球一起绕地轴做匀速圆周运动，则甲、乙在上述过程中具有相同的物理量是A.线速度B.周期C.向心力D.向心加速度15.在研究摩擦力的实验中，用弹簧测力计水平拉一放在水平桌面上的木块，木块运动状态及弹簧测力计的读数如下表所示（每次实验时，木块与桌面的接触面相同）则由此表分析可知A.木块受到的最大静摩擦力为0.5NB.木块受到的最大静摩擦力一定为 0.7NC.在这五次实验中，木块受到的摩擦力大小有三次是相同的D.在这五次实验中，木块受到的摩擦力大小有二次是相同的16.竖直放置的两端封闭的玻璃管中注满清水，内有一个红蜡块能在水中匀速上浮。
【学期】江苏省泰州中学学年高二上学期期初学情检测小高考模拟政治试题Word版含答案
【关键字】学期江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期初学情检测（小高考模拟）政治试题一、单项选择题:下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的，请在答题卡上填写你认为正确的选项。
（本部分共35小题，每小题2分，共70分）1.，十二届全国人大五次会议在北京召开，2 875名全国人大代表齐聚北京，共商国是。
2 875名全国人大代表来自各个民族、各条战线，他们职业不同，经历各异。
这充分说明我国A.民主权利具有广泛性B.社会主义民主是全民民主C.民主主体具有广泛性D.人民民主具有真实性2.山东省公安厅通过“山东便民服务平台”发布警情提醒，呼吁广大市民，多一分理性辨别，少一些盲目转发，让网络谣言“飞”不起来，散布谣言者将承担民事或刑事责任。
这说明A.公民言论自由可以无拘无束，想说什么就说什么B.我国公民言论自由是受限的C.公民政治参与要坚持权利与义务完全对等D.公民权利的实现需要义务的履行3.针对香港立法会部分候任议员宣誓违法引起的争议，全国人大常委会对基本法第104条作出相关解释，指出宣誓必须符合法定形式和内容要求，否则应为无效直誓此次释法有利于打击和遏制“港独”势力。
这表明维护国家安全，公民应①树立权利意识，珍惜自己的公民权利②履行维护国家统一的义务③坚持公民在法律面前一律平等的原则④自觉遵守我国的宪法和法律A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④4.，中共中央、国务院决定设立河北雄安新区。
设立雄安新区，促进京津冀一体化契合三地民众的利益共识，作为公民也需要“不以一利之小私，损三利之大功，要大气不要小气”。
这段话启示我们要A.坚持对人民负责的基本原则B.坚持权利与义务统一的原则C.坚特公民在法律面前一律平等的原则D.坚持个人利益与国家利益相结合的原则5.确定的正式候选人名额多于应选名额的选举方式是A.直接选举B.间接选举C.等额选举D.差额选举为提高念市老旧住宅小区居民的生活质量，2017年徐州市计划对479个老旧住宅小区进行整治改造，并向社会公开征求意见。
2017-2018学年江苏省泰州中学高二学业水平测试模拟化学试题【含解析】
2017-2018学年江苏省泰州中学高二学业水平测试模拟化学注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷（选择题）一、单选题1．第三届联合国环境大会的主题为“迈向无污染的地球”。
下列做法不应提倡的是 A. 推广电动汽车，践行绿色交通 B. 改变生活方式，预防废物生成 C. 回收电子垃圾，集中填埋处理 D. 弘扬生态文化，建设绿水青山 2．下列过程中不会发生化学变化的是A. 焰色反应B. 煤的液化C. 亚硫酸钠敞口放置D. 铁制容器贮存浓硫酸 3．无水氯化钙因价廉、干燥能力强、能再生而被用以填充干燥器和干燥塔。
氯化钙属于( ) A ．酸 B ．碱 C ．盐 D ．混合物 4．下列物质中，属于电解质的是A. 石墨B. HClC. 二氧化硫D. 氨水5．在水体中部分含氮有机物循环如右图所示。
图中属于氮的固定的是A. ③B. ④C. ⑤D. ⑥ 6．下列物质属于共价化合物的是A. Na 2O 2B. H 2C. NH 4ClD. H 2SO 4 7．下列气体可用如图所示方法收集的是A. NO 2B. CH 4C. NOD. NH 3 8．氢气与一氧化碳按比例反应: 2C O(g)+4H 2(g)CH 3OCH 3(g)+H 2O 。
下列有关该反应的说法正确的是A. 升高温度，该反应速率降低B. 增大压强，该反应速率加快C. 达化学平衡状态时，CO 与H 2不再发生反应D. 若反应中加入足量的H 2，可使CO100%转化为CH 3OCH 39．在含有较多H +、SO 42-、I -的某澄清透明溶液中，能够大量共存的离子是 A. Cu 2+ B. Ba 2+ C. NO 3- D. CO 32-10．漂白粉的使用原理:Ca(ClO)2+CO 2+H 2O=CaCO 3↓+2HClO ，该反应属于A. 分解反应B. 复分解反应C. 化合反应D. 置换反应 11．下列过程中能量变化与如图一致的是A. 干冰升华B. 工业合成氨C. H+Cl→H -ClD. 浓硫酸稀释 12．下列叙述正确的是A. 装置①可用于制备并收集少量NO 2B. 装置②能用于制备并收集少量Cl 2C. 装置③可用于分解NaHCO 3固体D. 装置④可用于实验室制少量NH 313．设N A 为阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列说法中正确的是A ．常温常压下，16g CH 4中含有的原子总数为5N AB ．78g 苯含有碳碳双键的数目为3N AC ．1mol/L NaCl 溶液中含有的氯离子数目为N AD ．标准状态下，11.2L CH 3COOH 中含有的分子数目为0.5N A 14．下列实验方法能达到实验目的的是此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号A. 用NaOH溶液除去SiO2中混有的Al2O3杂质，然后过滤B. CO2中混有CO杂质，将其通过足量的C u O粉末，加热C. 用NaOH溶液除去乙酸乙酯中混有的乙酸，然后分液D. CO中混有的HCl杂质，将其通入饱和Na2CO3溶液，洗气法除去15．15．我国古代就有湿法炼铜的记载“曾青得铁则化为铜”，反应为Fe+CuSO4=Cu+FeSO4。
江苏省泰州中学2017_2018学年高二物理上学期学业水平测试模拟试题
江苏省泰州中学学年高二上学期学业水平测试模拟物理试题一、选择题.将近年前，宋代诗人陈与义乘着小船在风和日丽的春日出游时写下诗句：“飞花两岸照船红，百里榆堤半日风，卧看满天云不动，不知云与我俱东”。
请问诗句中的“云与我俱东”所对应的参考系是（）. 两岸. 船. 云. 诗人【答案】【解析】试题分析：参考系是为了研究问题方便而假定静止不动的物体．故只要研究对象与参考系的相对位置不发生变化，则观察到的结果是物体静止不动．在本题中船是向东高速行驶，而“卧看满天云不动”是指“云与我”保持相对静止，即“云与我”以相同的速度相对于地球向东运动．所以“云与我俱东”所选择的参考系是地球和地球上相对于地球保持静止不动的物体，故正确．故选．.下列速度中，指平均速度的是（）. 雨滴落地时的速度. 汽车通过南京长江大桥的速度. 足球射入球门瞬间的速度. 跳水运动员起跳后，到达最高点的速度【答案】【解析】【详解】、雨滴落地时的速度为瞬间的速度，故错误；、汽车通过南京长江大桥的速度为一过程的速度，故为平均速度，故正确；、足球射入球门瞬间的速度，该速度对于某一位置，故为瞬时速度，故选项错误；、跳水运动员起跳后，到达最高点的速度，该速度对于某一位置，故为瞬时速度，故选项错误。
【点睛】本题考查平均速度和瞬时速度的区别，要注意平均速度对应的一个过程，瞬时速度为某一位置和某一瞬间的速度。
.关于速度和加速度的关系，下列说法中正确的是（）. 速度越大，加速度越大. 速度为零，加速度一定为零. 速度变化越快，加速度越大. 速度变化量越大，加速度越大【答案】【解析】【分析】速度是描述物体运动快慢的物理量，而加速度则是描述物体运动速度变化快慢的物理量，当速度变化时，则产生加速度；【详解】、物体的速度越大，则速度的变化率不一定大，所以加速度也不一定大，故错误；、物体的速度为零时，速度变化的不一定为零，所以加速度不一定为零，例如物体竖直上抛到最高点，速度为零，但加速度却不为零，故错误；、加速度则是描述物体运动速度变化快慢的物理量，物体的速度变化越快，加速度也越大，故正确；、根据加速度公式可知，当大，加速度不一定大，还与的大小有关，故选项错误。
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期初学情检测(小高考模拟)英语试题 Word版含答案
一、单项选择（共40小题；每小题0.5分，满分20分）1.In a(n) to help preserve history, the Greek government established a committee to undertake the professional restoration of the Acropolis.A. orderB. purposeC. aimD. attempt2.Evidence shows that the of a parent adds to the probability that a youngster will commit criminal activities.A. disappearanceB. absenceC. attentionD. concern3.Before I consulted you, I had no that I should have my ability to change my life through hard work and efforts.A. corporationB. determinationC. comprehensionD. presentation4.Don’s leave your shopping on the back seat of your car--it’s an open to a thief.A. invitationB. accessC. approachD. excuse5.--Will $200 ?--I’m afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars.A. countB. doC. fitD. satisfy6.Before joining NBA, Michael Jordan was so ordinary a person that he was even from the high school basketball team for lack of skill.A. removedB. replacedC. recoveredD. recalled7.Since a BBC documentary titled Are Our Kids Tough Enough? Chinese School in August, it has caused great controversy(公开辩论) in both countries.A. came upB. came offC. came outD. came about8.At first, the car was ahead but halfway because there was something wrong with it.A. dropped offB. dropped backC. dropped downD. dropped in9.I think a good organizer should act as a(n) reminder of what the team needs to achieve.A. confidentB. independentC. innocentD. constant10.--I wonder whether you are tomorrow morning.--Oh, I’m sorry. I will see my uncle off then.A. availableB. convenientC. acceptableD. accessible11.--Why are graduates likely to work in the eastern part of China?--Because the economy there is stronger and there are more chances.A. commonlyB. slightlyC. comparativelyD. necessarily12.If you have been badly treated in a bank, make a complaint to the manager, either or over the phone.A. legallyB. sincerelyC. personallyD. patiently13.If you take time to explore the different layers of a person, you will find so many unique and interesting things about them that you would never know if there were .A. thoughB. yetC. howeverD. otherwise14. our good cooperation over the past years, let’s meet each other half way. I’ll reduce our price by 3%.A. In case ofB. In view ofC. In fear ofD. In spite of15.The Olympic Games, the world’s greatest sporting event, advocate the principle matters is not winning but participating.A. that whatB. whichC. whatD. how16.The new hospital will be located in used to be a wasteland and a huge shopping mall will also be constructed there used to be a school many years ago.A. where; whereB. what; in whichC. what; whereD. which; where17.How can you say you don’t like something you’ve never even tried it!A. whileB. whenC. wheneverD. though18.--Is it for two months they have been married?--No, it is only three weeks they married.A. that; sinceB. that; whenC. when; thatD. since; before19.He is such a person always helps others without claiming a reward, makes him popular in the community.A. that; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. as; which20.The food is to the blood reading is to the mind.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what21.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of published in the 1990s.A. whomB. whichC. themD. that22.Aside from the potential health hazards(危害) can cause to the people, nuclear energy can also cause thousand deaths when its reactor explode.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. it23.--Have you brought the photo of your family, Helen?--Yes, I for it the whole morning.A. lookedB. have lookedC. have been lookingD. had lookeddies and gentlemen, due to an unexpected accident, one of the singers whom all of you to see won’t be performing tonight.A. are comingB. have comeC. comeD. came25.--Do you know why the chemical plant wasn’t built here?--Because it too much pollution to the air.A. had causedB. causedC. will have causedD. would have caused26.At the foot of the mountain a family, members make a living by raising cattle and sheep.A. lives, whoseB. lives, whereC. live, whereD. live, whose27.In my opinion, all Mr. Li good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict with them in their studies.A. does does doesB. does does doC. does do didD. did do does28.All his attention on the movie, so he didn’t even notice the boss enter the room.A. has been fixedB. fixingC. was fixedD. fixed29.You things about. Look, what a mess in your room!A. always throwB. have always thrownC. are always throwingD. have always been throwing30.--How do you find the health club?--I it. Everyone is saying its management is going from bad to worse.A. ought to joinB. should have joinedC. would like to have joinedD. would rather not have joined31.Now that he is here, you express your own views.A. may as wellB. may as well asC. would ratherD. can as well32.According to our school rule, all the students attend the assembly every Monday morning wearing school uniforms.A. mayB. shallC. needD. might33. a beautiful singing voice, so she was encouraged to apply for the program of vocal music.A. Born inB. Having born inC. Being born withD. She was born with34.All flights because of the terrible weather, Jane had to go there by train.A. was cancelledB. had been cancelledC. having been cancelledD. having cancelled35.The RealCine experience will amaze you, and you will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that deserves further.A. being developedB. developingC. to developD. to be developing36.Tom was born in China, but he can’t speak Chinese.A. So was his sisterB. Neither can his sisterC. So it is with his sisterD. So can his sister37.Our factory has introduced advanced technology early this year, and thus we can produce last year.A. twice as more bicycles asB. more bicycles than twiceC. more than twice bicycles asD. more than twice as many bicycles as38. , the girl couldn’t get the door open.A. Try might as sheB. Try as she mightC. Might as she tryD. Try although she might39.--Hey, Linda. Happy New Year! ?--OK, I guess. My grandma kept cooking and cooking, so I just kept eating.A. How was your breakB. How is your grandmaC. What did you do in your holidayD. Where did you go for your holiday40.--Are your parents satisfied with your performance al home?-- but not exactly. They want me to do more housework.A. Kind ofB. On the contraryC. On averageD. By all means二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）By the time we reach adulthood, many of us have had the good fortune to have at least one best friend. If we have 41 around or changed our life situation 42 ,we may be lucky enough to have had several. The best friend relationship is often our earliest 43 peer relationship, and it can be a source of great warmth and 44 throughout our lives. The characteristics of best friendship change as we grow up and grow older, but the heart of it remains the 45 . Our best friends are a warm shelter in which we feel free to be fully ourselves, to share our deepest secrets, to 46 when we are overtaken by tiredness, to have a 47 when there is something nice to happen in our life--a place in which we feel completely welcome to give and receive that most 48 of all gifts, love.Most close relationships do face 49 from time to time, and one of the characteristics of an enduring best friendship is its ability to 50 the storms and to remain unbroken even as it faces changes. Our best friends are those who manage to love us through all of our 51 , as we do the same for them. We find ways to hug and 52 the differences between us and offer love and 53 no matter what. We allow each other to be 54 as we are at a given moment, even as we allow each other to change over time. 55 , best friends sometimes feel like family. We know we will stick together 56 we take our individual roads.We may be on the phone with our best friends every day, or we may not have 57 with each other for a year, yet we know that our bond will be strong and 58 when we do 59 each other. This bond ties us together even when are apart and draws us delightfully back into the warm 60 of each other’s company when our paths bring us together again.41.A. moved B. looked C. turned D. walked42.A. eventually B. repeatedly C. completely D. anxiously43.A. strong B. positive C. close D. serious44.A. bravery B. confidence C. encouragement D. connection45.A. central B. only C. best D. same46.A. rest B. talk C. sleep D. travel47.A. relationship B. conversation C. celebration D. dream48.A. expensive B. precious C. personal D. simple49.A. pressures B. competitions C. challenges D. choices50. A. survive B. cause C. avoid D. witness51. A. worries B. changes C. mistakes D. doubts52.A. tell B. settle C. make D. appreciate53.A. support B. space C. surprise D. attention54.A. naturally B. exactly C. finally D. certainly55.A. By no means B. On the other hand C. In this way D. In other words56.A. though B. because C. if D. unless57.A. worked B. lived C. played D. spoken58.A. special B. social C. immediate D. important59.A. touch B. introduce C. face D. contact60.A. memory B. shelter C. day D. weather三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）A61.If someone has appreciation for caving adventures, he or she should go to .A. North BeachB. Xpu Ha BeachC. Wet n’ Wild PaterparkD. Playa Brujas62.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Playa Brujas is close to Mazatlan and lies along the east coast of MexicoB. North Beach is the finest beach in the Yucatan Peninsula for its private locationC. Tourists can rent some equipment at Xpu Ha Beach, which is as busy as othersD. When a couple choose a beach with children, Playa la Audiencia is their best choiceBIf two scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory are correct, people will still be driving gasoline powered cars 50 years from now, giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the atmosphere--and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming.In a proposal by two scientists, vehicle emissions(排放) would no longer contribute to global warming. The scientists, F. Jeffrey Martin and William L. Kubic Jr., are proposing a concept, which they have named Green Freedom, for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline.The idea is simple. Air would be blown over a liquid solution of potassium carbonate, which would absorb the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide would then be put to chemical reactions that would turn it into fuel(燃料): gasoline or jet fuel.This process could change carbon dioxide from an unwanted, climate-changing pollutant into a vast resource for renewable fuels. The cycle--equal amounts of carbon dioxide produced and removed--would mean that cars, trucks and airplanes using the synthetic(合成的) fuels would no longer be contributing to global warming.Although they have not yet built a synthetic fuel factory, or even a small model, the scientists say it is all based on existing technology. “Everything in the conc ept has been built, is operating or has a close cousin that is operating.” Dr. Martin said.The Los Alamos proposal does not go against any laws of physics, and other scientists who have independently suggested similar ideas. Dr. Martin said he and Dr. Kubic had worked out their concept in more detail than former proposals.There is, however, a major fact that explains why no one has built a carbon-dioxide-to-gasoline factory: it requires a great deal of energy.According to their analysis, their concept, which would cost about $5 billion to build, could produce gasoline at an operating cost of $1.40 a gallon and would turn economically practical when the price at the pump hits $4.60 a gallon.Other scientists said the Los Alamos proposal perhaps looked promising but could not evaluate it fully because the details had not been published. “It’s definitely worth pursuing,” said Martin I. Hoffert, a professor of physics at New York University. “It’s not that new an idea. It has a couple of pieces to it that are interesting.”63.What is the value of the scientists’ proposal?A. It increases the productivity of a fuel factoryB. It decreases the cost of producing gasolineC. It reduces the pollution caused by car drivingD. It promotes a new idea of environmental protection64.The underlined part “has a close cousin that is operating” probably means the technology in the concept .A. has been popular for so longB. has been ignored by many peopleC. is not appropriate for practiceD. will be put into practice in the near future65.What is the biggest challenge in realizing the concept Green Freedom?A. There is no theoretical basisB. It is not economically practicalC. There is no solution to some technical problemsD. Only a few scientists support the ideaCWhy not write in a foreign language? If people feel free to choose their profession, their religion, and eventheir sex, why not just decide which language you want to write? Ever since Jhumpa published In Other Words in Italian, pe ople have been asking me, “Why don’t you write in Italian, Tim? After all, you’ve been in the country 35 years. What keeps you tied to English?” Is it just a question of economic convenience?Certainly economics can be important. It was the factor that pushed Conrad to abandon his Polish mother tongue. If it is not possible to publish at home, or to publish there as one would wish to publish, then one is likely to go elsewhere. And if to publish elsewhere one has to change language, then some authors are willing to take that step.Something of the same logic has driven many writers from Africa, Asia to write in French and English in recent years. There is also the fact that people in Europe and the West are interested in the countries they grew up in. Just as in the nineteenth century, novelists like Thomas Hardy could “sell” their familiarity with peasant life to a middle-class metropolitan public, so these writers have interested us with stories that might seem common in their home countries.There is also a real internationalism in the decision to change language. If you have “a message” and if English is the language that offers maximum spread, then it would seem appropriate to use it.All these make sense. Critics tend to pay attention only to those who have made a success of writing in a new language. In April 2014, a New York Times article essentially listed young literary stars who had switched to writing in the main Western languages. At this point, the native English speaker almost begins to feel at a disadvantage for having been born into the dominant culture. Should we perhaps head for Paris, like Beckett or Jonathan Littell, just to be between two worlds? Or look for something more exotic(异国的) and have ourselves translated back into English afterward? However, one fa ct is that changing languages doesn’t always work.I did write a novel in Italian. But after rereading it, I decided against it. My work lost power with the switch of language. My real subject matter still had to do with England and it was to my home culture that my books were addressed. The second language never seems to mean quite as much as the first. In any event, after my early experiment, I never went back to write in Italian. Changing language is not the only way to bring energy to your writing.66.The author writes the first paragraph to .A. introduce the topic of this passageB. provide background informationC. stress the importance of EnglishD. explain why he writes in English67.Why are some writers willing to write in a foreign language?A. They have published a lot of works at homeB. Their works are uncommon in their own countriesC. A new language may offer a wider readershipD. They want to be accepted by middle class68.What can we infer from the passage?A. Native English writers are at a disadvantage for writing in EnglishB. Writers can’t be entirely separated from their own culture and languageC. Writers should write in a foreign language to draw critics’ attentionD. Any writer can succeed with the switch of a new language69.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Write in a foreign languageB. Publish at homeC. Write in mother tongueD. Change language to bring energyDWhen the residents of Buenos Aires want to change the pesos they do not trust into the dollars they do, they go to an office that acts as a front for thriving illegal exchange market.As the couriers carry their bundles of pesos around Buenos Aires, they pass grand buildings like the Teatro Colon, an opera house that opened in 1908, and the Retiro railway station, completed in 1915. In the 43 years leading up to 1914, GDP had grown at an annual rate of 6%, the fastest recorded in the world. In 1914 half of Buenos Aires’s population wa s foreign-born. Its income per head was 92% of the average of 16 rich economies.It never got better than this. Its income per head is now 43% of those same 16 rich economies; it trails Chile and Uruguay in its own backyard.The country’s dramatic decline has long puzzled economists. “If a guy has been hit 700,000 shots it’s hard to work out which one of them killed him.” says Rafael di Tella. But three deep-lying explanations help to throw light on the country’s decline. Firstly, Argentina may have been rich 100 years ago but it was not modern. The second theory stresses the role of trade policy. Thirdly, when it needed to change, Argentina lacked the institutions to create successful policies.Argentina was rich in 1914 because of commodities; its industrial base was only weakly developed. The landowners who made Argentina rich were not so bothered about educating it: cheap labor was what counted.Without a good education system, Argentina struggled to create competitive industries. It had benefited from technology in its Belle Epoque period, but Argentina mainly consumed technology from abroad rather than inventing its own.Argentina had become rich by making a triple bet on agriculture, open market and Britain, its biggest trading partner. If that bet turned sour, it would require a severe adjustment. The First World War delivered the initial blow to trade. Next came the Depression, which crushed the open trading system on which Argentina depended. Dependence on Britain, another country in decline, backfired(失败) as Argentina’s favored export market signed preferential deals with Commonwealth countries.After the Second World War, when the rich world began its slow return to free trade with the negotiation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in 1947, Argentina had become a more closed economy. An institution to control foreign trade was created in 1946; the share of trade as a percentage of GDP continued to fall. High food prices meant big profits for farmers but empty stomachs for ordinary Arg entines. Open borders increased farmers’ taking but sharpened competition from abroad for domestic industry. Heavy export taxes on crops allow the state to top up its decreasing foreign-exchange reserves; limits on wheat exports create surpluses(过剩) that drive down local prices. But they also dissuade farmers from planting more land, enabling other countries to steal market shares.70.Grand buildings are mentioned in the second paragraph to show .A. Argentines were talentedB. Argentina was once a rich countryC. Argentines miss the past of ArgentinaD. Argentina has a suitable infrastructure71.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Argentina is richer than UruguayB. Argentina was once attractive to immigrantsC. Britain is playing a leading role in the development of ArgentinaD. Argentina is not serious about its agriculture and open markets72.The underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph implies that .A. the decline of Argentina welcomes an analysis from authoritiesB. it is hard to explain the reasons for Argentina’s declineC. it takes time to explain the reasons for Argentina’s declineD. Argentina has declined for many reasons73.Why did landowners ignore education?A. They wanted bring in a bigger profitB. They hadn’t realized the importance of educationC. They wanted to keep farmers under controlD. They put emphasis on economic development of the country74.What is the root of the problem of Argentina’s trade policy?A. Argentina depends heavily on foreign technologyB. Many world events caused Argentina to break downC. Argentina failed in adjusting itself appropriatelyD. The conflicts between classes needed to be solved75.What will be discussed after the passage?A . Expectations about Argentina’s futureB. Adjustments for attracting foreign capitalC. Proper distribution of national budgetsD. Institutions needed to develop successful policies四、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Caffeine myth or caffeine fact? It’s not always easy to know. Chances are you have some misunderstanding about caffeine. Read on. Here are some of the most common myths about caffeine and some facts have been gathered to shed light on them.Myth one: Caffeine is addictiveCaffeine is a stimulant(起刺激作用的食物) to the central nervous system, and regular use of caffeine does cause mild physical dependence. But caffeine doesn’t threaten your physical, social, or economic health the way addictive drugs do. If you stop taking caffeine abruptly, you may have symptoms for a day or more, especially when you have been used to consuming two or more cups of coffee a day. However, caffeine does no cause the severity of withdrawal or harmful drug-seeking behaviors as drugs or alcohol. For this reason, most experts don’t consider caffeine dependence a serious addiction.Myth two: Caffeine probably causes insomnia(失眠症)Processed mainly through the liver, caffeine has a relatively short half-life. This means you can get rid of halfof it within about five to seven hours on average. After eight to ten hours, 75% of the caffeine is gone. For most people, a cup of coffee or two in the morning won’t prevent them from sleeping at night. Consuming caffeine later in the day, however, can interfere with sleep. Your sleep won’t be affected if you don’t consume caffeine at least six hours before going to bed.Myth three: Caffeine harms childrenAs of 2004, children aged 6 to 9 consumed about milligrams of caffeine per day. This is well within the recommended limit. However, energy drinks that contain a lot of caffeine are becoming increasingly popular, so this number may go up. Some kids are sensitive to caffeine, developing temporary anxiety or irritability, with a “crash” afterwards. Also, most caffeine that kids drink is in sodas, energy drinks, or sweetened teas, all of which have high sugar content. These empty calories put kids at higher risk for obesity. Even if the caffeine itself isn’t harmful, caffeinated drinks are generally not good for kids.Myth four: Caffeine has no health benefitsCaffeine has few proven health benefits. But the list of caffeine’s potential benefits is interesting. Any regular coffee drinkers may tell you that caffeine improves alertness, concentration, energy and clear-headedness. Scientific studies support these subjective finding. One French study even showed a slower decline in cognitive ability among women who consumed caffeine. Other possible benefits include helping certain types of headaches. These research findings are interesting, but still need to be proven.用第五、六模块单词表所列单词的适当形式填空。
江苏省泰州中学20172018学年高二上学期期初学情检测小高考模拟生物试题Word版含答案
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期初学情检测（小高考模拟）生物试题一、单项选择题：本题包括35小题，每小题2分，共70分。
每小題只有一个选项最符合题意。
1.下列有关叙述中，不正确的是A.生物大分子都以碳链为基本骨架B.人的成熟红细胞内无细胞核C.人体内钙离子过多会发生抽搐D.细胞是生命系统的最小层次2.下列有关生物体内蛋白质多样性原因的叙述中，不正确的是A.组成肽键的化学元素不同B.组成蛋白质的氨基酸种类和数量不同C.蛋白质的空间结构不同D.组成蛋白质的氨基酸排列顺序不同3.下列有关四种生物膜结构图的叙述中，不正确的是A.图a表示类囊体膜B.图b表示线粒体膜C.图c表示内质网膜D.图d表示核膜4.下列有关下表的叙述中，正确的是组别①②③3%淀粉溶液2mL 2mL 2mL2%α一淀粉酶溶液1mL 1mL 1mL反应温度0℃60℃100℃碘液2滴2滴2滴A.α一淀粉酶溶液的用量是无关变量B.本实验探究的是淀粉酶具有专一性C.淀粉溶液和酶溶液可直接混合后再在相应温度下保温D.①③组实验结果均出现蓝色，其原因都是酶永久失活5.用14C标记C02，可用于研究光合作用中的A.光反应的条件B.暗反应（碳反应）的条件C.能量的转换过程中碳的转移途径6.细胞呼吸过程中有C02放出时，可判断此过程A.是无氧呼吸B.是有氧呼吸C.不是乳酸发酵D.不是酒精发酵7.下列用纸层析法分离光合色素装置的示意图中，正确的是8.下列有关物质进出细胞的叙述中，正确的是A.离子只能通过主动转运方式进出细胞B.能量供应不足将影响各种大小分子的进出C.胰岛B细胞分泌胰岛素不需要载体和能量D.用蛋白酶处理细胞后，主动运输和协助扩散都将受到影响9.某同学利用无土栽培技术培养櫻桃番茄。
培养一段时间后，发现植株出现萎蔫现象，经分析是由于培养液的浓度过高，导致植物A.根部受到细菌感染B.根细胞呼吸停止C.根细胞吸水困难，甚至失水D.根细胞膜上的载体受到破坏年，德国科学家萨克斯将绿色叶片放在暗处几小时，然后把此叶片一半遮光，一半曝光，经过一段时间后，用碘蒸气处理叶片，成功地证明了A.光合作用的产物是水B.光合作用的产物有淀粉C.光合作用的场所在叶绿体D.光合作用产物中的氧气来自于反应物中的水11.下列有关细胞周期的叙述中，正确的是A.抑制DNA的合成，细胞将停留在分裂期B.细胞周期包括前期、中期、后期、末期C.细胞分裂间期为分裂期提供物质基础D.成熟的生殖细胞产生后立即进入下一个细胞周期12.分别以胡萝卜的茎尖和韧皮部组织为材料，都能培养出完整的胡萝卜植株，说明茎尖和韧皮部组织的细胞都具有A.周期性B.稳定性C.多样性D.全能性13.在豌豆杂交实验中，为防止自花授粉应A.将花粉涂在雌蕊柱头上B.除去未成熟花的雄蕊C.釆集另一植株的花粉D.人工传粉后套上纸袋14.下列有关叙述中，属于相对性状的是A.菊的黄花与菊的重瓣花B.豌豆的髙茎与蚕豆的矮茎C.南瓜的黄色与南瓜的圆形D.兔子的黑毛与兔子的白毛15.下图为某家庭血友病的遗传系谱图，Ⅱ3为血友病患者，Ⅱ2与Ⅱ5为异卵双胞胎，下列有关叙述中，正确的是A.Ⅰ1是血友病基因携带者B.Ⅰ2是血友病基因携带者C.Ⅱ3是血友病基因携带者D.Ⅱ4可能是血友病基因携带者16.正常情况下（无变异发生），下列各项可存在等位基因的是A.姐妹染色单体B.非同源染色体C.一个染色体组D.四分体17.下列有关细菌转化实验的叙述中，正确的是A.肺炎双球菌利用小鼠细胞的核糖体合成蛋白质型菌与R型菌结构区别的根本原因是由于mRNA的差异C.加热杀死的S型菌与R型菌混合使R型菌转化成S型菌属于染色体变异D.高温处理过的S型菌蛋白质虽然己变性但与双缩脲试剂仍然能发生紫色反应决定mRNA的序列是通过的密码的自我复制 C.碱基互补配对的转运19.下列有关下图的叙述中，正确的是A.甲图中共有五种核苷酸B.甲、乙、丙中都含有腺嘌呤C.丙图所示物质含有的单糖只能是核糖D.乙图所示的化合物中含有3个高能磷酸键20.下图所示的变异类型为A.倒位B.易位C.缺失D.重复21.下列有关叙述中，不需要遗传咨询的是A.亲属中有艾滋病患者B.亲属中有智力障碍患者C.女方是先天性聋哑患者D.亲属中有血友病患者22.下列有关调査人类遗传病发病率的叙述中，正确的是A.选择多基因遗传病作为调查对象B.选择具有某种遗传病的家族作为调查对象C.选择发病率较髙的髙血压病作为调查对象D.选择尽可能多的人群作为调查对象23.下列有关叙述中，形成了新物种的是A.马与驴交配产生的骡子B.二倍体西瓜经秋水仙素处理成为四倍体西瓜C.二倍体水稻的花药离体培养获得的单倍体水稻D.桦尺蛾体色的基因频率由S（灰色）95%变为5%24.唾液淀粉酶基因的表达过程中，遗传信息传递的方向是→tRNA→蛋白质 B.蛋白质→tRNA→DNA→mRNA→蛋白质 D.蛋白质→DNA→mRNA25.两对等位基因分别位于两对同源染色体，基因型为AaBb的个体与aabb个体杂交，F1的基因型比例是：3：3：1 ：1：1：1 C.3：1：3：1 ：126.赫尔希和蔡斯的实验表明A.病毒中有DNA，但没有蛋白质B.细菌中有DNA，但没有蛋白质C.遗传物质包括蛋白质和DNAD.遗传物质是DNA27.精子形成过程中出现联会现象时，DNA分子数与染色体数之比是：1 ：2 C.2：1 ：1型性别决定的生物，群体中的性别比例为1:1，主要原因是A.雌配子：雄配子=1:1B.含X的配子：含Y的配子=1:1C.含X的精子：含Y的精子=1:1D.含X的卵细胞：含Y的卵细胞=1:129.下列有关基因的说法，错误的是A.每个基因都是DNA分子上的一个片段分子上的每一个片段都是基因C.基因是控制生物性状的遗传物质的功能单位D.基因位于染色体上，在染色体上呈线性排列30.在噬菌体侵染细菌的实验中，关于噬菌体衣壳蛋白质合成的描述，正确的是A.氨基酸原料和酶来自细菌B.氨基酸原料和酶来自噬菌体C.氨基酸原料来自细菌，酶来自噬菌体D.氨基酸原料来自噬菌体，酶来自细菌31.将单个脱氧核苷酸连接成DNA分子的主要酶是连接酶酶解旋酶聚合酶分子结构中A.含氮碱基与磷酸相连B.磷酸与脱氧核糖交替排列C.腺嘌呤与鸟嘌呤通过氢键配对D.两条链的空间结构千变万化33.决定氨基酸的密码子是指上的三个相邻的碱基上的三个相邻的碱基上的三个相邻的碱基 D.基因上的三个相邻的碱基34.下图表示真核细胞中发生的一项生理过程，相关叙述正确的是A.该过程表示转录B.该过程表示翻译C.图中①是细胞核D.图中④表示肽链35.某豌豆的基因型为Aa，让其连续自交三代（遗传符合按孟徳尔遗传定律），其第4代中的基因频率和基因型频率变化情况是A.基因频率变化，基因型频率不变B.基因频率不变化，基因型频率变化C.两者都变化D.两者都不变第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共30分）二、非选择题：本题包括5小题，共30分。
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期初学情检测(小高考模拟)化学试题
【全国百强校word】江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期初学情检测（小高考模拟）化学试题（解析版）可能用到的相对原子质量：H-l O-16 Na-23 S-32Fe-56Ba-137单项选择题（本题包括23小题，每小题3分，共69分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
）1.化学与环境保护、社会可持续发展密切相关，下列做法合理的是A. 进口国外电子垃圾，回收其中的贵重金属B. 将地沟油回收加工为生物柴油，提高资源的利用率C. 大量生产超薄塑料袋，方便人们的日常生活D. 洗衣粉中添加三聚磷酸钠，增强去污的效果【答案】B【解析】试题分析：A．电子垃圾中部分重金属不回收，易造成重金属污染，不符合题意，错误；B．地沟油是一种质量极差、极不卫生的非食用油，将地沟油回收加工为生物柴油，提高了资源的利用率，符合题意，正确；C．塑料不易降解，容易造成“白色污染“，不符合题意，错误；D．三聚磷酸钠会使水体中磷元素过剩，引起水体富营养化，不符合题意，错误；选B。
考点：考查常见的生活环境的污染及治理。
2.下列化学用语表达正确的是A. Al3+的结构示意图：B. Na2O2的电子式：C. 乙醇的结构简式：C2H6OD. 中子数为20的氯原子：3717Cl【答案】D【解析】A、Al3+的结构示意图为：，选项A错误；B、Na2O2的电子式为：，选项B错误；C、乙醇的结构简式：C2H5OH或CH3CH2OH，选项C错误；D、中子数为20的氯原子为：3717Cl，选项D正确。
答案选D。
3.下列过程属于化学变化的是A. 焰色反应B. 百炼成钢C. 碘的升华D. 滴水成【答案】B【解析】试题分析：A．焰色反应属于物理变化，A错误；B．百炼成钢发生化学变化，B正确；C．碘的升华是固态直接变为气态，是物理变化，C错误；D．滴水成冰属于状态的变化，是物理变化，D错误，答案选B。
考点：考查物质变化判断题号：17775918354759684.下列物质与其主要成分的化学式相对应的是A. 铝热剂一A1B. 明矾一KA1(SO4)2C. 纯碱一Na2CO3D. 葡萄糖【答案】C【解析】A、铝热剂是指铝和氧化铁的混合物，选项A错误；B、明矾化学式为KA1(SO4)2•12H2O，选项B错误；C、纯碱的化学式为Na2CO3，选项C正确；D、葡萄糖的化学式为C6H12O6，选项D错误。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
江苏省泰州中学2017-2018高二上学期学情检测（小高考模拟）注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、选择题1．化学与环境保护、社会可持续发展密切相关，下列做法合理的是A. 进口国外电子垃圾，回收其中的贵重金属B. 将地沟油回收加工为生物柴油，提高资源的利用率C. 大量生产超薄塑料袋，方便人们的日常生活D. 洗衣粉中添加三聚磷酸钠，增强去污的效果2．下列化学用语表达正确的是A. Al3+的结构示意图：B. Na2O2的电子式：C. 乙醇的结构简式：C2H6OD. 中子数为20的氯原子：3717Cl3．下列过程属于化学变化的是A. 焰色反应B. 百炼成钢C. 碘的升华D. 滴水成冰4．下列物质与其主要成分的化学式相对应的是A. 铝热剂——AlB. 明矾——KAl(SO4)2C. 纯碱——Na2CO3D. 葡萄糖——C12H22O11 5．下列说法正确的是A. 淀粉、纤维素、油脂、蛋白质都属于天然高分子形成的混合物B. 葡萄糖溶液中加入新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液煮沸会析出红色沉淀C. 纤维素、淀粉都可用(C6H10O5)n表示，它们互为同分异构体D. 氨基酸有两性，其脱水缩合得到的蛋白质就不再有两性6．下列有关物质用途的描述不符合事实的是A. 氢氧化铝可用于治疗胃酸过多B. 过氧化钠可用作潜水艇供氧剂C. 铝制容器可以贮运浓硝酸D. 甲醛可用作食品防腐剂7．下列各组离子在无色溶液中能大量共存的是A. Fe3+、Cl-、NO3-B. K+、A1O2-、OH-C. Na+、HCO3-、OH-D. Ba2+、CO32-、Na+8．下列物质属于纯净物的是A. 玻璃B. 纤维素C. 天然油脂D. 冰水混合物9．下列组合属于同素异形体的是A. 3517Cl与3717Cl B. 石墨与C60C. 正丁烷与异丁烷D. CH4与CH3CH2CH3 10．下列鉴别物质的方法能达到目的的是A. 用氨水鉴别MgCl2溶液和A1C13溶液B. 用澄淸石灰水鉴别Na2CO3溶液和NaHCO3溶液C. 用BaCl2溶液鉴别Na2CO3溶液和NaHCO3溶液D. 用淀粉溶液鉴别加碘盐和未加碘盐11．利用铝热反应原理焊接钢轨的化学方程式为Fe2O3+2Al2Fe+Al2O3，关于该反应的叙述错误的是A. 属于置换反应B. A1作还原剂C. Fe2O3被还原D. 该反应是吸热反应12．下列物质分别加入鸡蛋清中，会使蛋白质变性的是A. 蔗糖溶液B. 硫酸铜溶液C. 食盐水D. 浓的硫酸铵溶液13．下列离子方程式书写正确的是A. A1Cl3溶液中加入过量的氨水：Al3++3OH-=Al(OH)3↓B. Al和氢氧化钠溶液反应：Al+2OH-+H2O═2AlO2-+H2↑C. Na2O2和水反应:2O22-+2H2O=4OH-+O2↑D. 向Na2CO3溶液中通入CO2气体：CO32-+CO2+H2O=2HCO3-14．设N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列判断正确的是A. 常温常压下，11.2LCO2所含有的分子数为0.5N AB. 标准状况下，18g水含有的氢原子数为N AC. Imol/L的NaOH溶液中含有的Na+数为N AD. 78g过氧化钠与足量的二氧化碳反应，转移的电子数目为N A15．下列说法正确的是A. Fe2O3常用于制造红色油漆和涂料B. CO2溶于水得到的溶液能导电，所以CO2是电解质C. 化学反应必然引起物质状态的变化D. 硅可用来做光导纤维16．下列试剂的保存方法错误的是A. 金属钠保存在煤油中B. 新制的氯水保存在棕色试剂瓶中C. 碳酸钠溶液保存在具有玻璃塞的试剂瓶中D. 过氧化钠应密封保存17．下列有关维生素和微量元素的叙述不正确的是A. 合理摄入维生素C能增强对传染病的抵抗力，而且它还有解毒作用B. 维生素D属于典型的水溶性维生素C. 为减少新鲜蔬菜中的维生素C的流失，炒蔬菜的时间不能太长，炒熟即可D. 补充维生素D有利于人体钙的摄入18．把铁片放入下列溶液中，铁片溶解，溶液质量增加，但没有气体放出的是A. 硝酸银溶液B. 硫酸铜溶液C. 稀硫酸D. 硫酸铁溶液19．下图所示的实验操作，不能达到相应目的的是A. AB. BC. CD. D20．对下列有机反应类型的认识中，错误的是A. +HNO3NO2+H2O；取代反应B. CH2=CH2+ Br2CH2Br－CH2Br；加成反应C. 2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O；取代反应D. CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH CH3COOCH2CH3+H2O；酯化反应21．下列关于油脂的叙述错误的是A. 油脂由C、H、O三种元素组成B. 油脂在碱性条件下不能发生水解反应C. 天然油脂的主要成份是高级脂肪酸甘油酯D. 工业上可以用油脂制造肥皂等化工产品22．短周期主族元素X、Y、Z、W的原子序数依次增大，四种元素的原子K层电子数总和为7，L层电子数总和为22，M层电子数总和为12。
下列说法正确的是A. 最高正价由低到高的顺序为：X、Z、Y、WB. 原子半径由小到大的顺序为：X、Y、Z、WC. 元素X与Y只能形成一种化合物D. 简单氢化物的稳定性由强到弱的顺序为：Y、Z23．已知：MnO2+4HCl(浓)MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O。
实验室用足量NaOH溶液吸收从浓盐酸和MnO2反应体系中导出的气体。
当吸收温度不同时，生成的产物可能是NaClO、NaClO3、NaCl中的两种或三种。
下列说法正确的是A. 若产物为NaClO、NaCl，则吸收后的溶液中n(ClO-)=n(Cl-)B. 若产物为NaClO3、NaCl，则参加反应的氧化剂和还原剂的物质的量之比为1∶5C. 若产物为NaClO、NaClO3、NaCl，则由吸收后的溶液中n(Cl-)和n(ClO-)可计算吸收的n(Cl2)D. 若产物为NaClO、NaClO3、NaCl，则NaOH与Cl2相互反应的物质的量之比为2∶1第II卷（非选择题）二、简答题24．有关物质的转化关系如下图所示（部分生成物与反应条件己略去）。
A是常见的非金属固体单质，F是紫红色的金属单质，B、C是常见的强酸，D、G、I是常见的气体，D与I 的组成元素相同，且D 的相对分子质量比I的大16:E是最常见的无色液体。
请回答下列问题：(1)E的电子式为_______________。
(2)写出反应①的化学方程式：______________________。
(3)写出反应②的化学方程式：__________________________。
(4)F也能和B发生反应，写出F和B的浓溶液反应的离子方程式：________________________________。
写出F和B的稀溶液反应的离子方程式：__________________________________。
(5)写出反应③的离子方程式：____________________________。
三、实验题25．（1)绿矾晶体（FeSO4﹒7H2〇)由于保存不妥或长久放置，容易部分或全部被氧化，现有一瓶绿矾样品，想了解其是否被氧化和被氧化的程度，试选择合适的试剂，根据相关的实验现象进行推测（可供选择的试剂：KSCN溶液、酸性KMnO4溶液、Cl2水、NaOH溶液、BaCl2溶液等)。
①证明其完全没有被氧化的试剂是现象是__________________;②证明其已完全被氧化的试剂是现象是____________________。
（2）己知FeSO4.7H2O的溶解度曲线如下图所示，则从硫酸亚铁饱和溶液中提取绿矾晶体采用的操作是__________________。
（3）黄色固体聚合硫酸铁（SPFS)是一种重要的无机高分子絮凝剂，极易溶于水，作为工业和生活污水处理等领域具有重要的应用。
SPFS可表示成SPFS可表示成Fe x(OH)y(SO4)z•nH2O．工业上常用的一种制备流程为：取5.349g某固体聚合硫酸铁溶解于水，向其中加入过量的BaCl2溶液到沉淀完全，经过滤、洗涤、干燥得白色沉淀8.155g，向上述滤液中加入NH3•H2O，调节溶液pH=6，经过滤、洗涤、干燥得Fe2O3固体2.000g．确定该固体聚合硫酸铁样品的化学式。
(写计算过程）参考答案1．B【解析】试题分析：A．电子垃圾中部分重金属不回收，易造成重金属污染，不符合题意，错误；B．地沟油是一种质量极差、极不卫生的非食用油，将地沟油回收加工为生物柴油，提高了资源的利用率，符合题意，正确；C．塑料不易降解，容易造成“白色污染“，不符合题意，错误；D．三聚磷酸钠会使水体中磷元素过剩，引起水体富营养化，不符合题意，错误；选B。
考点：考查常见的生活环境的污染及治理。
2．D【解析】A、Al3+的结构示意图为：，选项A错误；B、Na2O2的电子式为：，选项B错误；C、乙醇的结构简式：C2H5OH 或CH3CH2OH，选项C错误；D、中子数为20的氯原子为：3717Cl，选项D正确。
答案选D。
3．B【解析】试题分析：A．焰色反应属于物理变化，A错误；B．百炼成钢发生化学变化，B 正确；C．碘的升华是固态直接变为气态，是物理变化，C错误；D．滴水成冰属于状态的变化，是物理变化，D错误，答案选B。
考点：考查物质变化判断4．C【解析】A、铝热剂是指铝和氧化铁的混合物，选项A错误；B、明矾化学式为KAl(SO4)2•12H2O，选项B错误；C、纯碱的化学式为Na2CO3，选项C正确；D、葡萄糖的化学式为C6H12O6，选项D错误。
答案选C。
5．B【解析】试题分析：A．淀粉、纤维素、蛋白质都属于天然高分子形成的混合物，油脂不是高分子化合物，A错误；B．葡萄糖中含有醛基，葡萄糖溶液中加入新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液煮沸会析出红色沉淀氧化亚铜，B正确；C．纤维素、淀粉都可用(C6H10O5)n表示，但它们均是混合物，并不为同分异构体，C错误；D．氨基酸有两性，其脱水缩合得到的蛋白质仍然有两性，D错误，答案选B。
【考点定位】考查常见营养物质的结构和性质判断【名师点晴】选项C是易错点，注意掌握同分异构体的概念，即具有相同的分子式，但具有不同的结构的化合物互称为同分异构体，这说明互为同分异构体的化合物必须是纯净物，解答时注意灵活应用。
6．D【解析】试题分析：A．氢氧化铝是两性氢氧化物，可用于治疗胃酸过多，A正确；B．过氧化钠能与水或CO2反应生成氧气，可用作潜水艇供氧剂，B正确；C．常温下铝在浓硝酸中钝化，铝制容器可以贮运浓硝酸，C正确；D．甲醛有毒，不可用作食品防腐剂，D错误，答案选D。
考点：考查常见物质的性质和用途7．B【解析】A、无色溶液中不存在铁离子，选项A错误；B、K+、A1O2-、OH-相互之间不反应，能大量共存，选项B正确；C、HCO3-与OH-反应生成CO32-和水而不能大量共存，选项C错误；D、Ba2+与CO32-反应生成沉淀而不能大量共存，选项D错误。