07.定语从句含例题
定语从句详细讲解与习题
一．定语从句：定语从句是一种在句子中起修饰作用的从句，用于修饰一个名词或代词，就像一个形容词一样，让这个名词或代词的信息更加具体。
1. 基本结构---定语从句通常由关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（如when, where, why）引导。
例如：--- The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）其中，“that/which I bought yesterday”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”，“that/which”引导词，在从句中作宾语，指代“the book”。
2. 关系代词的用法--- who/whom：用于指人。
“who”在从句中做主语，“whom”作宾语。
---例如：The man who helped me is my teacher.（帮助我的那个人是我的老师。
）这里“who”在从句中做主语，不能省略；而在句子“The boy whom I met yesterday is my friend.”（我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的朋友。
）中，“whom”作宾语，在口语中也可以用“who”来代替，并且可以省略。
--- whose：表示所属关系，意为“……的”，既可以指人也可以指物。
-例如：I know the girl whose mother is a doctor.（我认识那个女孩，她的妈妈是一名医生。
）“whose mother”在从句中做主语，修饰“the girl”；对于物，“The house whose windows are broken needs to berepaired.”（窗户破了的那所房子需要修理。
）--- which：用于指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
---例如：The movie which we watched last night was really exciting.（我们昨晚看的电影真的很刺激。
（完整版）定语从句归纳及专项练习题
（完整版）定语从句归纳及专项练习题定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
高考英语必考语法--定语从句详细讲解(附练习题及答案)
高考英语语法定语从句 attributive clause◆概念(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语(修饰某一名词或代词)的从句叫定语从句，一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被__________修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系代词____, ______, ______, ______, _____, _______关系副词 _____, ______, ______ 在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，定语，状语）第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句1.who ,whom 和whose 引导的定语从句(1)who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时不可以出现在介词后；whom在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that 替换。
作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。
◆ I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _________I met in the English speech contest last year.◆ I have many friends to _________ I’m going to send post cards.◆ The person I want to talk about with is Tu Youyou, the one ______ won theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。
高考英语定语从句讲解+习题-
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
提示：关系词在定语从句中有三大作用1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。
I I . 我把我所有的钱都给了她。
（连接先特词和定语从句I ）2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。
a . 住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。
（替代）3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
I . 我喜欢传统的中国画。
（在定语从句中作主语）一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有, , , , 等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
A．指人，在定语从句中作主语。
借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词）. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
（定语从句修饰先行词）会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。
（定语从句修饰先行词）B．指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，可省略或可用来代替，但在介词后面以与在非限制性定语从句中只能用。
有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。
（定语从句分别修饰先行词, ）I .和我一起工作的人都很友好。
（定语从句修饰先行词）. , I , .. , I , .昨晚我在里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。
（非限制性定语从句中不能用代替）, I , .两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。
（在介词后面不用）C．人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。
有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。
（定语从句修饰先行词）I .我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。
（定语从句修饰行词）D．1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
做宾语时常可省略。
定语从句经典例题解析
定语从句经典例题解析定语从句是修饰名词的从句，用来对名词进行限定或补充说明。
它常常使用关系代词（如who, which, that）引导。
●例题："Those are the students _____ hard work has paid off."这里需要填入一个定语从句，修饰“the students”。
关键是确定关系代词的选择，并确保从句在语法上合乎逻辑。
●解析：在这个句子中，我们要描述那些学生，他们的努力得到了回报。
这里需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句，描述这些学生。
在这种情况下，应该使用关系代词“whose”，因为它表示所有这些学生的努力得到了回报。
所以，答案应该是："Those are the students whose hard work has paid off."（那些是努力得到回报的学生。
）关系代词“whose”在这里连接并引导定语从句，说明了这些学生的特征，即他们的努力获得了回报。
下面是一些定语从句的经典例题解析：●例题1："The book, ______ cover is torn, belongs to me."这个句子缺了一个描述书的定语从句。
正确的答案是："whose"。
●解析：定语从句用来修饰先行词，这里的先行词是“book”。
"Whose" 表示所有格，指代“book”的所有权。
所以这个定语从句的答案是"The book, whose cover is torn, belongs to me."●例题2："She is the girl ______ won the first prize."正确答案是："who"。
●解析：在这个句子中，定语从句描述“the girl”。
"Who" 指代人，修饰“girl”。
定语从句讲解+例句例题
一、只用that不用which主句已有疑问词who或which先行词既有人又有物时（先行=人+物）先行词为不定代词：thing系列(something, everything, anything, nothing), all, much, few, little, none先行词+形容词最高级/序数词先行词由以下修饰：The系列（the very, the only, the same）,any, few, little, no, all, one of, some（与3中all的区别）有两定从时，一用which，则另一用that先行前有such、the same修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时（有例题，such的意思不是“像…一样的”，与as 用法做区别）There be结构，修饰主语的定从宜用that1、Which of the cars that are in front of the hotel belongs to you?2、He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited.3、We haven’t got much that we can offer you.All that you need is…4、This is the most interesting film that I’ve seen.5、This the very room that I slept in that evening.6、Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7、She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.Tom is such a strange boy __as__ no one can understand.8、There is another reasonable alternative(选择) that you can choose.只用which不用that非限定从关系代词前有介词先行词后有插入语有两定从时，一用that，则另一用which（无例句）先行词本身是that1、The fish, which I bought this morning, was very fresh.2、This is the hotel in which you will stay.3、Here is the English book which ,as I’ve told you, will help improve your English5、What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?二、分隔定从在先行词和定语从句之间插入另一个定语短语(先行词+次定语+主定语)在先行词和定语从句之间插入另一个状语短语做主语的先行词后带一个定语从句,而句子的谓语又比较短(比如是被动语态,不及物动词),此时,常将定语从句移到句子后面,以避免头重脚轻,保持句子平衡在先行词和定语从句之间插入一个插入语（无例句）The village has developed a lot ____ we learned farming two years ago.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where D1、Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?2、There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.3、All is not gold that glitters(发光).The day will come when the Chinese set foot on the moon.三、介词;关系代词；关系副词；whose1.介词+关系代词（要点：介词的确定）(1)根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配(2)根据定语从句意思的需要, 此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配注意1) 介词后面的关系词不能省略2) that前不能有介词3) （要点2）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词“结构可以同关系副词when，where和why 互换2.介词+which与关系副词在定语从句中, 当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时, 就要分别用关系副词when, where, why来引导, 在从句中作状语。
英语)定语从句练习题含答案及解析
英语)定语从句练习题含答案及解析1.先行词被最高级修饰时；2.先行词被序数词修饰时；3.先行词是不定代词all。
everything。
nothing。
anything等时；4.先行词是the only。
the very。
the same等时；5.先行词是形容词或副词最高级时；6.先行词是以who。
whom。
whose。
which。
where。
when。
why等疑问词引导的特殊疑问句时。
文章格式无明显错误，无需修改。
以下为小幅度改写：当使用不定代词everything、anything、nothing（除something外）、all、none、few、little、some等时，或者使用every、any、all、some、no、little、few、much等词修饰先行词时，需使用关系代词that。
例如：你有记录下李先生说的一切吗？他似乎认为世界上没有什么事是不可能的。
需要注意的是，当先行词是人时，有时也可以使用who代替that。
例如：任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。
所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。
当先行词被序数词修饰时，需使用关系代词that。
例如：我看的第一部美国电影是《泰坦尼克号》。
当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，需使用关系代词that。
例如：这是我一生中参观过的最好的博物馆。
当先行词被修饰词the very、the only、the first/last等修饰时，需使用关系代词that。
例如：她是唯一一个能理解我的人。
需要注意的是，当先行词是人时，有时也可以使用关系代词who代替that。
例如：任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。
所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。
详解】句意：“同学们，你们应该感谢那些帮助和支持你们的人。
” “我们会的，陈老师。
”本题考查定语从句。
A.关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语；C.关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语；D.关系代词，指物或人，在从句中作定语。
高中英语定语从句解题技巧(含例题)
定语从句解题技巧（含例题）英语中两个意义相关的分句不能不用连词而直接放在一起，也不能只用逗号来连接，可以说英语并列句和复合句构成的基本规律是：英语的两个分句之间有且只有一个连词。
这条规律为我们学习和运用这类句型提供了重要的依据。
定语从句是英语复合句的一种，它是指用一个句子去修饰限制另一个句子中的某个名词、代词，两个句子之间通过关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose, as.）或关系副词（when, where, how）连接起来，关系代词有时可以省略；在特定情况下，关系代词（which, as）也可指代主句整句话或一部分句子成分所表达的内容。
当我们解题时遇到复合句的考查题目时，我们便可以根据定语从句的上述含义判断该题是不是定语从句，如果是，我们可先将不是关系代词或关系副词的选项去掉，然后采用“代入原则”并同时结合定语从句的关系词之间的相关区别来进行解题。
所谓“代入原则”就是试着把先行词即被定语从句修饰限制的那个词放进从句中，能直接代入的就用关系代词（不包括whose），不能直接代入的可能有三种情况，要么用关系副词，要么用介词加关系代词which 或whom，要么就用关系代词whose。
下面就用例句来具体说明这种解题技巧。
一．直接代入的情况：1． Women____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those____ don’t.A. who; /B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /; /该题中的先行词women和those都可直接代入各自的从句中，都在从句中做主语，根据关系代词的使用规律，我们应该用who或that，而且不能省略，所以答案是C。
2． Do you still remember the chicken farm___ we visited three months ago?A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what该题的先行词the chicken farm就是visited的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which或省略关系代词，所以答案是C。
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Attributive Clause 定语从句一、排除定语从句的可能：1. 空格后句子完整，不缺乏任何成分时，2. 没有先行词，又不以前句内容为先行词时，3. 前面的先行词为fact，evidence等总括后面具体内容的名词时e.g. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful in that it forces people totest the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.The mere fact that most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.二、关系副词的选择when where why how关系代词的选择指人who(m), whose, that, which指物which, that, whose ( which/that 指人或物时可省略)指概念as, which 作定语whose, which三、关系代词that 与 which的区别指人时：who: 1 一般情况下，指人即用who或whom2 非限定性定语从句which: 1 指人的品质时2 非限定性定语从句中,先行词表示职业,职务时,尤其在从句中又作补语时3 先行词性别不明时that: 1 关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语时2 关系代词在定语从句中作there be 的真实主语时3 先行词被形容词最高级only, very , all, any,等修饰时4 先行词包含既指人也指物的并列名词时指物时：which: 1 用于非限定性定语从句2 直接用于介词后3 先行词that, this 时that: 1 先行词被all , any, every, some, (a) few, (a) little, much, no等修饰，或先行词本身就是all, any, little, much, one, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时2 先行词由序数词或next, last 修饰时3 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时4 先行词被the same, only, very等强调词修饰时四、关系代词前介词的选择1.定语从句中名词、动词、形容词的搭配e.g.They are the national heroes in whose honor a monument was built.2.先行词表方式、工具、程度、速度、目的、时间、材料等时，由先行词决定e.g.Can you see the way in which a computer works.3. 介词＋which/whom前有名词时e.g.We organize a training course, the purpose of which is to help our students pass CET-4.We organize a training course, of which the purpose is to help our students pass CET-4.4.当关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句前有数词,不定代词,最高级等时，中间要用of非限定性定语从句当数词,不定代词,最高级(e.g. one,either,half,several,the largest)等用在关系代词引导的非限定性定语从句前时，中间要用of。
e.g.There were 500 passengers, of whom121 drowned.There were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick.There were two extremes in music, both of which can result in risk.The comments made by the volunteer drivers, some (half) of whom were newly qualified, were very revealing.Ex.1. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A. on which to baseB. which to base onC. to base onD. to be based on (006-36-46 9801-42)2. A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _____ were surprising. (991-42)A. as resultsB. which resultsC. the results of itD. the results of which3. We need a chairman _____. (986-62)A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom everyone has confidence on4.The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _____ up to half will be from overseas. (986-70)A. in whichB.for whomC. with whichD. of whom5. The residents, ____ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. 9306-68A. all their homesB. all those homesC. all of whose homesD. all of their homesThe residents, ____ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross. 9306-68A. all of their homesB. all their homesC. whose all homesD. all of whose homes6. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____ obtaining water is not the least. 9806-42A. for whichB.to whichC. of whichD. in whichLiving in the western part of the country has its problem, ____ obtaining fresh water is not the least. 0006-46A. with whichB. for whichC. of whichD. which五、as作为关系代词，引导定语从句1)as 作关系代词,常用于the same …as, such…as 和as…as结构中引导限定性定语从句,代表前面作为先行词的人和物。
e.g. Such books as I have read are classical works.I have never seen such a talented young man as he is.I’d like to use the same tool as is used here.2) as作为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句关系代词as还可以单独使用，引导非限定性定语从句来说明整个主句，位置较为灵活，可位于句首、句中、句末，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
e.g. As might be expected, John was admitted to the university.She usually takes a rest after lunch, as is her habit.As a poet points out, life is but a dream.3)类似的表达还有as is well known, as is often the case, as you say ,as may be imagined, as often happens, as has been said before, as will be shown in, as is hopedEx.1.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ____is often the case in other countries. 9806A. soB. asC. whatD. that2. He never hesitates to make such criticisms ______ are considered helpful to others. 9201-6A. thatB. asC. whichD. what3. The size of the audience, we had expected, was a thousand.A. WhenB. whoC. asD. that4. , many centuries had passed before man had learned to use fire.A. What is known to allB. Since it has known to allC. As long as it is knownD. As is known to all六、as与which代表主句(部分)概念的区别as引导的定语从句一般对先行词或句子从正面进行辅助说明，常含有“正如”之意。
1．as引导的定语从句常可置于先行词或句子之前或中间，而which引导的定语从句通常跟在先行词之后。