高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项形容词副词考点考题突破透析(10页)

高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项形容词副词考点考题突破透析一．考点概述：本考点是历年的高考中考查的重点，主要考查形容词与副词的转换，形容词的比较级，副词的比较级，形容词变名词等；考查的形式：语法填空和短文改错；考生对该考点要进行分类整理，从而掌握该考点。

二．考点聚焦1.形容词形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。

例如：I have a nice book.(该句中nice修饰book)The book is interesting。

（做表语）2.副词副词是用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。

例如：The book is very nice.(修饰nice)He studied English carefully.(修饰动词study)三．考点精讲1.形容词修饰名词例如：As ____ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2015年全国2)解析：因为architects是个名词，此时需要个形容词来修饰它，故填natural。

总结：常见名词变形容的后缀1）名词+ysun- sunny; 阳光充足的wind-windy;有风的rain-rainy；有雨的2）名词+alnation-national; 国家的education-educational;教育的addition-additional；附加的3）名词+enwood-wooden; 木制的gold-golden；金色的4）名词+fulpower-powerful;有力的peace-peaceful；和平的wonder-wonderful；精彩的help-helpful；有帮助的thank-thankful感谢的faith-faithful忠诚的5）名词+lyfriend-friendly；友好的like-likely；可能的love-lovely；可爱的day-daily每天的2.形容词变名词例如：If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of __ (great)and less importance.(2016年全国2) 解析：因为此空前有个介词of，所以后面填名词。

故填greatness 1）形容词+nessaware- awareness；意识calm-calmness；冷静fair-fairness；公平happy-happiness；幸福sweet-sweetness；甜美weak-weakness弱点2）形容词+ceabsent-absence；缺席confident-confidence；信心different-difference；不同convenient-convenience方便patient-patience；耐心silent-silence沉默3）形容词+thdead-deadth；死亡true-truth；真理grow-growth；成长warm-warmth温暖3.形容词与副词转换例如；Walls of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ____ (slow) during cool nights, thus warning the house.(2015年全国2)解析：本题中因为heat是个动词，因为副词才可以修饰动词，故填slowly；注意：形容词变副词的规则1）一般情况直接加ly如：quick-quickly2）辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i再加ly如：easy-easily；happy-happily3）le结尾的词：去e加y如：simple-simply；possible-possibly；4）ic结尾的词加ally如：basic-basically；scientific-scientifically4.考查形容词和副词的比较级例如：Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.（2017年全国1）解析：根据题意，考查比较级，故填worse；The central London Railway was one of the most ______(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. （2017年全国2）解析：因为the most是修饰的形容词的最高级形式，故填successful；2015年—2019年全国卷语法专项语法填空1. A few hours______, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, w ith its choking smog(2015年全国1)解析：考查副词，填before2.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___(regular)arranges quickgetaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong. (2015年全国1)解析：考查副词修饰动词arrange；填regularly3.The title will be _____(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.（2016年全国1）解析：考查副词修饰动词，填officially；4.Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks(regular). (2016年全国2)解析：考查副词,填regularly，5.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual)turned intochopsticks.（2016年全国3）解析：考查副词，填gradually6.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (care) not to go to extremes. （2017年全国1）解析：考查名词变副词，因为是be，故填careful7.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must havebeen_____(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.（2017年全国2）解析：考查副词修饰形容词；填fairly；8.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle isa little unreal.(2017年全国3)解析：考查副词修饰形容词fun，故填certainly9.According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years______(long) than non-runners.(2018年全国1)解析：考查形容词的比较级，因为有个than，故填longer；10.Running is cheap, easy and it's always________(energy). (2018年全国1)解析：形容词做表语，填energetic11.A taste for meat is _______ (actual) behind the change(2018年全国2)解析：考查副词：填actually12.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _______(globe)fertilizer consumption. (2018年全国2)解析：考查形容词修饰名词，填global13.That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screamsthe_______(loud)of all.（2018年全国3）解析:考查形容词最高级，填loudest14.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so hedoesn't feel_________(challenge). （2018年全国3）解析：feel是系动词，故填challenged15. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.(2019年全国1)解析：副词修饰studied，故填poorly16. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are____ (high) than they actually are.（2019年全国1）解析：考查形容词比较级，填higher17. Her years of hard work have （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.（2019年全国2）解析：考查副词修饰动词，故填finally18. We are so proud of her. It's (wonder）. （2019年全国2）解析：形容词做表语，填wonderful20．They also shared with us many stories about Hawaii that were ___ （huge）popular with tourists. (2019年全国3)解析：考查副词修饰形容词，故填hugely；短文改错1.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriouslyproblem. (2015年全国1)2.Much rare animals are dying out .（2015年全国1）3. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.(2015年全国2)4. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.”(2015年全国2)5. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.（2016年全国1）6. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. （2016年全国1）7. I think that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.（2016年全国2）8. They were also the best and worse years in my life .（2016年全国3）9. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. （2016年全国3）10. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. （2016年全国3）11. I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.（2017年全国1）12. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. （2017年全国1）13. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. （2017年全国1）14. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.（2017年全国2）15. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. （2017年全国2）16. Beside, they often get some useful information from the internet. （2017年全国2）17. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums.（2017年全国3）18. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.（2018年全国1）19. I felt happily that their life had improved. （2018年全国1）20. I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people.（2018年全国3）21. Immediate, I raised my hand. （2018年全国3）22. I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.（2019年全国1）23.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. （2019年全国1）24. From now on, I started to play football with classmates after school. （2019年全国1）25. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.(2019年全国2)26. Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. (2019年全国2)27. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. (2019年全国2)28. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.（2019年全国3）答案：短文改错：1.seriously 改为serious；2. much 改为many；3.去掉very；4.terrible改为terribly；5.honest改为honesty；6.steady改为steadily；7.many改为much；8.worse 改为worst；9.such 改为so；10.freely改为free；11.去掉much；te改为later；13.suddenly改为sudden；14.interesing改为interested；15.earlier改为early；16.Beside改为Besides；17.difference改为different；late改为latest；18.here改为there；19.happily改为happy；rger改为large；21. Immediate改为Immediately;22.interested；23.hardly改为hard；24.now改为then；25.coolly改为cool；26.too改为so；27.amazing改为amazed;去掉more;28. ordinarily改为ordinary；。